3. DEFINITION, SO,FIRST WHAT IS βSMALLPOXβ EXACTLY ????π€π€
Smallpox is a
devastating disease
caused by the variola
virus a member of the
orthopoxvirus family
4. DESCRIPTION :-)
NOW, WHY IS SMALLPOX DANGEROUS ??π€π€π€
IN SHORT, Smallpox is an extremely contagious and deadly virus for which there is no known cure.
HISTORY AND ORIGIN OF SMALL-POX
Smallpox is a contagious, disfiguring and often deadly disease that has affected
humans for thousands of years. Naturally occurring smallpox was eradicated worldwide
by 1980 β the result of an unprecedented global immunization campaign.
5. BACKGROUND OF SMALLPOX
Inoculation for smallpox appears to
have started in China around the
1500s
Europe adopted this practice from
Asia in the first half of the 18th
century.
In 1796 Edward Jenner introduced
the modern smallpox vaccine.
8. NOTE:- β POXVIRUSES ARE UNIQUE AMONG DNA VIRUSES THAT THEY
REPLICATE IN THE CYTOPLASM OF THE CELL RATHER THAN THE NUCLEUS β.
THUS, MAKING IT AN EXCEPTION !!!!
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SMALLPOX
9. VARIOLA CELL STRUCTURE :-)
NOTE :- VIRUS EXITS HOST CELL AFTER USING
REPLICATION MACHINERY OF HOST CELL TO INFECT OTHER
CELLS
10. CLASSIFICATION OF SMALLPOX :-π·π·
There were two forms of the smallpox virus. Variola major was the severe and most common form, with a more
extensive rash and higher fever, which can result in confluent smallpox, which had a high death rate.
Variola minor was a less common presentation, causing a less severe disease, typically discrete smallpox, with
historical death rates of one percent or less
Subclinical (asymptomatic) infections with Variola virus were noted but were not common.
In addition, a form called variola sine eruptione (smallpox without rash) was seen generally in vaccinated
persons. This form was marked by a fever that occurred after the usual incubation period and could be
confirmed only by antibody studies or, rarely, by virus isolation.
SOURCE :- WIKIPEDIA
11.
12. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS :- )
The initial symptoms were similar to other viral diseases that are still extant, such as influenza
and the common cold: fever of at least 38.3 Β°C (101 Β°F), muscle pain, malaise, headache and
fatigue.
As the digestive tract was commonly involved, nausea and vomiting and backache often occurred.
The prodrome, or preeruptive stage, usually lasted 2β4 days.
By days 12β15, the first visible lesions β small reddish spots called enanthem β appeared on
mucous
membranes of the mouth, tongue, palate, and throat, and temperature fell to near-normal.
These lesions rapidly enlarged and ruptured, releasing large amounts of virus into the saliva.
13.
14. INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE :-)
The more dangerous form, variola major, led to smallpox disease that killed
about 30% of people who were infected. Variola minor caused a less deadly
type that killed about 1% of those who got it.
15.
16. NOTE :- BEING A COMMUNICABLE DISEASE, SMALLPOX CAN EASILY SPREAD
THROUGH SLIGHTEST OF BODY CONTACT, TOUCH AND EVEN CLOTHES ,
WEARINGS OF THE AFFECTED PATIENT.THUS, IT IS NOT ADVISABLE TO
SHARE CLOTHES, BED WITH THE PATIENT
25. NOTE :- TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF VACCINIA , DONβT TOUCH THE
VACCINATION SITE OFTEN.
26. NOTE :- VACCINATION IS RECOMMENDED WHEN THE CASE OF
SMALLPOX IS CONFIRMED π·π· , BECAUSE THE VACCINE
POSSESS SERIOUS POTENTIAL SIDE EFFECTS !!!!!!!!!ππππ
27. NOTE :- THE SMALLPOX VACCINE
CONTAINS THE LIVE STRAIN OF
VACCINIA -
βTHUS , FOLLOWING THE PRINCIPLE
OF SIR βEDWARD JENNER β- A great
medical contribution made by him π
ππ
29. βMAJOR TREATMENT FOR SMALLPOX CAME OUT TO BE
VACCINATION β
THOUGH PREVENTION IS ALWAYS BETTER THAN CURE !!πππ
30. NOTE:- βWITHIN 3 DAYS OF BEING EXPOSED TO THE VIRUS, THE VACCINE MIGHT PROTECT
YOU FROM GETTING THE DISEASE β !!!!!!!!!!
31. SINCE THE NEEDLE IS USED TO PRICK THE SKIN A NO. OF TIMES !!! THIS MAKES IT SERIOUSLY
PAINFUL !!!!! ππππππ
32. HEMORRHAGIC SMALLPOX (MOST SEVERE FORM ):-ππ
Hemorrhagic smallpox was a severe form accompanied by
extensive bleeding into the skin, mucous membranes, and
gastrointestinal tract. This form developed in
approximately 2 percent of infections and occurred mostly
in adults
In hemorrhagic smallpox the skin did not blister, but
remained smooth. Instead, bleeding occurs under
the skin, making it look charred and black, hence
this form of the disease was also known as black pox.
It has very rarely been caused by variola minor.
While bleeding is predominantly in the severe and
fatal cases.
33.
34. REFERENCES :-ππππ€πβPLeASE NOTE :- ALL STRICT MEASURES WERE TAKEN TO
AVOID PLAGIARISM AND COPYING WHETHER FROM ONLINE OR OFFLINE RESOURCES . HOWEVER, SOME SLIGHT RESOURCES
WERE USED FOR A GENERAL IDEA WHICH HAVE BEEN MENTIONED IN HERE AS WELL !!!
https://www.google.com/search?q=world+health+smallpox+is+dead&sxsrf=ALeKk03GR9_O13U58JN
cdfqPMoBomvcsjw:1588337051756&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&
https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/smallpox-causes-treatment#1
https://www.google.com/search?q=smallpox&tbm=isch&hl=en&chips=q:smallpox,g_1:edward+jenner:
_NTZUqakN9Q%3D,g_1:cartoon:fmjBY_12Fk8%3D&hl=en&ved=2a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallpox
https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/history/history.html
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/smallpox/symptoms-causes/syc-20353027
https://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/articles/history-smallpox
https://www.healthline.com/health/smallpox