This document discusses 5 methods of primary data collection: 1) Direct personal investigation where the investigator directly interviews subjects, 2) Indirect oral investigation where the investigator interviews intermediaries instead of subjects, 3) Information through local sources or correspondents where local people regularly provide data to the investigator, 4) Information through questionnaires mailed to informants to complete, and 5) Information through schedules filled out by enumerators who directly interview subjects. It also discusses sources of secondary data collection including published sources from governments, international organizations, and private institutions as well as unpublished sources.
Understanding ICPSR's Research Methods-related MetadataLynette Hoelter
This presentation is to be given at the 2015 ICPSR Official Representatives meeting. It is a workshop for those with little to no statistical or research methods background but who need to assist others in finding data appropriate for their research projects.
ISI B.STAT/M.STAT TUITION COACHING ONLINE AND LIVESOURAV DAS
ISI M.STAT TUITION/COACHING
CRASH COURSE IN KOLKATA
STUDY MATERIALS / MOCK TESTS
/ SOLUTION OF PREVIOUS PAPERS
/ MATHEMATICAL SHORT CUTS
SEPARATE BATCHES
SOLUTION OF ALL QUESTIONS FROM TEXTBOOK AND LAST 10 YEARS.
STUDENTS CAN ALSO HAVE A CRASH COURSE FOR A SHORT SPAN OF TIME.
AND SOLUTIONS TO ALL TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS.
NOTES, SUGGESTIONS, AND MOCK TESTS.
CLASSES AT:
GIRISH PARK
MAIDAN AND
FOR ANY FURTHER DETAILS
*CONTACT:
SOURAV SIR'S CLASSES
9836793076
Understanding ICPSR's Research Methods-related MetadataLynette Hoelter
This presentation is to be given at the 2015 ICPSR Official Representatives meeting. It is a workshop for those with little to no statistical or research methods background but who need to assist others in finding data appropriate for their research projects.
ISI B.STAT/M.STAT TUITION COACHING ONLINE AND LIVESOURAV DAS
ISI M.STAT TUITION/COACHING
CRASH COURSE IN KOLKATA
STUDY MATERIALS / MOCK TESTS
/ SOLUTION OF PREVIOUS PAPERS
/ MATHEMATICAL SHORT CUTS
SEPARATE BATCHES
SOLUTION OF ALL QUESTIONS FROM TEXTBOOK AND LAST 10 YEARS.
STUDENTS CAN ALSO HAVE A CRASH COURSE FOR A SHORT SPAN OF TIME.
AND SOLUTIONS TO ALL TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS.
NOTES, SUGGESTIONS, AND MOCK TESTS.
CLASSES AT:
GIRISH PARK
MAIDAN AND
FOR ANY FURTHER DETAILS
*CONTACT:
SOURAV SIR'S CLASSES
9836793076
A community needs assessment identifies the strengths and resources available in the community to meet the needs of children, youth, and families. The assessment focuses on the capabilities of the community, including its citizens, agencies, and organizations.
Tools and techniques for data collection.pptxJuruJackline
These the tools and techniques used for data collection when carrying out community diagnosis in public health setting.
The slides looked into details the various tools and how they can be used in the data collection depending on the type of data you would like to collect.
how can I sell my pi coins for cash in a pi APPDOT TECH
You can't sell your pi coins in the pi network app. because it is not listed yet on any exchange.
The only way you can sell is by trading your pi coins with an investor (a person looking forward to hold massive amounts of pi coins before mainnet launch) .
You don't need to meet the investor directly all the trades are done with a pi vendor/merchant (a person that buys the pi coins from miners and resell it to investors)
I Will leave The telegram contact of my personal pi vendor, if you are finding a legitimate one.
@Pi_vendor_247
#pi network
#pi coins
#money
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
2. Methods of Primary Data Collection
Direct Personal Investigation
Indirect Oral Investigation
Information through local sources or correspondents
Information through Questionnaires to be filled by
informants./Mailed questionnaire method
Information through Schedules to be filled by enumerators.
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3. 1) Direct Personal Investigation
• The investigator can go to the field of investigation and collect data by
holding personal interviews directly with people.
• The data collected here is based on the experience of the investigator.
• For example, To get the information on what is the most sold
commodity in a canteen, the data collector can observe the counter and
achieve the required data.
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5. 2) Indirect Oral Investigation
• In this method of collection of data, information is gathered
by asking questions not from the units of inquiry but from
those people who possess the information regarding the
units of inquiry.
• For Example, To get the data of results of students of a
class, the class teacher is asked for the data and not each
student.
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6. Cont.
• Merits/ Qualities:
• Less Biased
• Economy in Resources
• Wide Scope
• Representation of various Opinions
• Demerits/ Limitations:
• Lack of Accuracy
• Lack of Uniformity
• Lack of Informants
• Incomplete Information
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7. 3) Information through Local source
or correspondents
• Sometimes, the information is required to be collected based on a certain time
period regularly like daily, weekly, monthly etc. so the investigator appoints
correspondents who collect information from time to time and send it to the
investigator.
• Govt., semi govt. and private, all types of institutions follow the same practice
for data collection. This method is suitable when greater accuracy is not
required.
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8. Cont.
• Merits/ Qualities:
• Wide scope
• Economy of resources
• Demerits/ Limitations:
• Unreliability
• Lack of high degree of accuracy
• Lack of originality
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9. 4)Information through Questionnaires to be
filled by informants
• In this method, the investigator prepares a questionnaire which is a list
of questions related to the inquiry. He then sends, by post, this
questionnaire along with a letter requesting the informant to fill in the
questionnaire and send it back in time. He also assures the informant
that the details sent will not be disclosed.
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10. Cont.
• Merits/ Qualities:
• Wider scope
• Minimum Expenditure
• Saving of time originality
• Demerits/ Limitations:
• Incomplete or ambiguous information
• Problem of response
• Bias
• Heterogeneity
• Rigidity
• Intensive study not possible
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11. 5)Information through Schedules to be filled by
enumerators
• Similar to a questionnaire, a list of questions
known as schedule is prepared which is filled in
by the enumerators themselves by visiting places
personally and asking questions. Enumerators are
persons appointed by the investigators who visit
places in order to collect information.
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12. Cont.
• Merits/ Qualities:
• Availability of unambiguous and correct information
• Lack of hesitation
• Warm response
• Demerits/ Limitations:
• Limited scope
• Heavy cost
• More time
• Problem of contact
• Fear of bias
• Problem of investigation Aryan college
13. Sources of collection of secondary data
Published
Sources
Unpublished
Sources
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14. Published Sources
1. Government publications
2. International publications
3. Semi-government publications
4. Publications of non government institutions
5. Publications of individual investigators
6. Magazines and newspapers
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