Civil Infrastructure Problems Why the public is not concerned about t.pdf

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Civil Infrastructure Problems Why the public is not concerned about the condition of civil infrastructure while it affects them personally? Why the public do not comment more to their elected representatives? Solution Infrastructure is the backbone of a country and has serious impact on progress of that country and happiness of its people. The basic infrastructure comprises of transportation, communication, sewage, water and electric systems. Further elaborating, it covers roads, highways, bridges, telecommunication, ports, airports and railways. People use the infrastructure daily, in some form or other and are affected by it. Poor infrastructure does generate discontent and is reflected in people movements protesting and demanding rapid improvements. These protests are more visible in poor and developing countries where even the basic infrastructure of housing and allied services itself is deficient or non-existent. The protests are now visible in developed countries also where aging infrastructure because of lack of funds is deteriorating rapidly. In fact, it was a major point of agenda in recent presidential elections in USA. The administration is understood to be planning on a major overhaul of infrastructure costing trillion of dollars. In countries like India the Prime Minister personally monitors the overall progress of improvement of infrastructure as it was a major election promise on which he was elected. So, it is not correct to say that people do not complain of poor infrastructure,though it may be muted in some countries, cities , states and provinces .People do complain to their elected representative and that is why it is everywhere a major point of promises in the election agenda. These infrastructure projects tend to be high-cost investments; though they are vital to a country\'s economic development and prosperity. Therefore, their improvements take time and is generally spread over several years..

Education

Chapter 1 - A View of Life and its Chemical Basis. 1. Explain the.pdf

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CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER: 1) PVC Corporation is considering an investment proposal in which a technology investment of $10,000 would be required. The investment would provide cash inflows of $2,000 per year for six years. The technology investment will have no salvage value at the end of six years. If the company\'s discount rate is 10%, the investment\'s net present value is closest to (Ignore income taxes.): (See the time value of money BELOW THE PAGE.) A. $1,289 B. $(1,289) C. $3,066 D. $2,000 2) RST Corporation has provided the following data concerning an investment project that it is considering: Initial investment $160,000 Annual cash flow $54,000 per year Salvage value at the end of the project $11,000 Expected life of the project years 4 years Discount rate 10% The net present value of the project is closest to: (See the time value of money BELOW THE PAGE) A. $175 B. ($23,694) C. $3,662 D. $11,175 3) An increase in the expected salvage value at the end of a capital budgeting project will A. Increase the cash outflows of the project. B. Increase the present value of cash inflows of the project C. Decrease the cash inflows of the project D. Decrease the net present value of a project HERE IS THE Time Value of Money Factor for the Present Value of a Sum PV =FV * TVM Factor Present Value of a Sum = FV * 1/ (1 + i) n 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 8% 10% 12% 1 0.9804 0.9709 0.9615 0.9524 0.9434 0.9259 0.9091 0.8929 2 0.9612 0.9426 0.9246 0.9070 0.8900 0.8573 0.8264 0.7972 3 0.9423 0.9151 0.8890 0.8638 0.8396 0.7938 0.7513 0.7118 4 0.9238 0.8885 0.8548 0.8227 0.7921 0.7350 0.6830 0.6355 5 0.9057 0.8626 0.8219 0.7835 0.7473 0.6806 0.6209 0.5674 6 0.8880 0.8375 0.7903 0.7462 0.7050 0.6302 0.5645 0.5066 7 0.8706 0.8131 0.7599 0.7107 0.6651 0.5835 0.5132 0.4523 8 0.8535 0.7894 0.7307 0.6768 0.6274 0.5403 0.4665 0.4039 9 0.8368 0.7664 0.7026 0.6446 0.5919 0.5002 0.4241 0.3606 10 0.8203 0.7441 0.6756 0.6139 0.5584 0.4632 0.3855 0.3220 20 0.6730 0.5537 0.4564 0.3769 0.3118 0.2145 0.1486 0.1037 25 0.6095 0.4776 0.3751 0.2953 0.2330 0.1460 0.0923 0.0588 Time Value of Money Factor for the Present Value of an Annuity PV = Annuity * TVM Factor Present Value of an Annuity = X*((1-(1/(1+i)^n))/i) 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 8% 10% 12% 1 0.9804 0.9709 0.9615 0.9524 0.9434 0.9259 0.9091 0.8929 2 1.9416 1.9135 1.8861 1.8594 1.8334 1.7833 1.7355 1.6901 3 2.8839 2.8286 2.7751 2.7232 2.6730 2.5771 2.4869 2.4018 4 3.8077 3.7171 3.6299 3.5460 3.4651 3.3121 3.1699 3.0373 5 4.7135 4.5797 4.4518 4.3295 4.2124 3.9927 3.7908 3.6048 6 5.6014 5.4172 5.2421 5.0757 4.9173 4.6229 4.3553 4.1114 7 6.4720 6.2303 6.0021 5.7864 5.5824 5.2064 4.8684 4.5638 8 7.3255 7.0197 6.7327 6.4632 6.2098 5.7466 5.3349 4.9676 9 8.1622 7.7861 7.4353 7.1078 6.8017 6.2469 5.7590 5.3282 10 8.9826 8.5302 8.1109 7.7217 7.3601 6.7101 6.1446 5.6502 20 16.3514 14.8775 13.5903 12.4622 11.4699 9.8181 8.5136 7.4694 25 19.5235 17.4131 15.6221 14.0939 12.7834 10.6748 9.0770 7.8431 HERE IS THE Time Value of Money Factor for the Pre.

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER1) PVC Corporation is considering an inv.pdf

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Cell Structure and Function Label each of the arrows in the following slide image: AE Onion Root Tip: 1000X Solution A) Cells are in anaphase The cells are arranged such that the centromeres have split at this point and the chromatids have been separated by migrating to the opposite poles. B) Cells here are present in the early prophase of mitosis, where the centriole can now be seen to move towards the opposite poles of the cell. C) cell plate D) not clear.y distinguishable.

Cell Structure and FunctionLabel each of the arrows in the followi.pdf

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C Language ProblemThere are more than one wrong things I think.P.pdf

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Briefly discuss the adaptive changes seen in the chordates over the other animal phyla? Solution Animals in the phylum Chordata reveal four key features that appear at some point all through their development. a. Notochord - The chordates are called for the notochord: a flexible, rod-shaped design that is found within the embryonic stage of most chordates and also in the adult stage of some chordate species. It is found between the intestinal pipe and the nerve cord, providing skeletal help through along the body. In some chordates, the notochord acts while the primary axial support of the human body throughout the animal\'s lifetime. In vertebrates, the notochord is provide during embryonic development, of which time it induces the development of the neural pipe which acts as an assistance for the developing embryonic body. The notochord, however, is replaced by the vertebral column (spine) in most adult vertebrates. b.Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord - The dorsal hollow nerve cord derives from ectoderm that sheets into a worthless pipe all through development. In chordates, it is found dorsally (at the top of the animal) to the notochord. In contrast to the chordates, other animal phyla are known by strong nerve cables which are positioned either ventrally or laterally. The nerve cord within most chordate embryos develops into the brain and spinal cord, which include the main anxious system. c.Pharyngeal Slits - Pharyngeal slits are openings in the pharynx (the place just posterior to the mouth) that expand to the surface environment. In organisms that are now living in aquatic surroundings, pharyngeal slits allow for the quit of water that enters the mouth all through feeding. Some invertebrate chordates use the pharyngeal slits to filtration food out of the water that enters the mouth. In vertebrate fishes, the pharyngeal slits develop into gill arches, the bony or cartilaginous gill supports. In most terrestrial animals, including mammals and birds, pharyngeal slits are providing just during embryonic development. In these animals, the pharyngeal slits develop into the jaw and inner ear bones. d.Post-anal Tail - The post-anal tail is a posterior elongation of the human body, increasing beyond the anus. The trail contains skeletal things and muscles, which give a way to obtain locomotion in aquatic species. In some terrestrial vertebrates, the trail also assists with stability, courting, and signaling when risk is near. In individuals and other apes, the post-anal tail is provide during embryonic development, but is vestigial as an adult..

Briefly discuss the adaptive changes seen in the chordates over the o.pdf

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Argue in favor or against the following statements (include examples, rationale, explanations, etc.): 1. Plants migrate 2. Plants defend themselves 3. Plants are good mothers. 4. Grasses are the most important food for humans. Solution Plant migration The Dispersal of the seeds is continuous process, by which plant species survives and spreads. Migration of plants is a result of the dispersal of the seeds directly to wider areas of earth,also a phenomenon constant in plant kingdom.Angiosperms species covered the whole earth migrating to the different countries along the different routes. Due to global warming,the plants are heading for hills for better survival. A study shows that 171 forest species in the Western Europe, among most of spp are shifting toward their a favourable locations to cooler spots for better survival.Plants are migrate toward higher altitudes only because of the climate change, most of world plant species diversity are found in the tropical areas, a very few studies, have examine either tropical mountain plant species are they affected by change in climate to same extent as the temperate plant species. new study has determined, major changes occurred in last two [2]centuries.If we compare the migration of the plant communities on Chimborazo volcano in the Ecuador with a historical data from the 1802, the Aarhus University researchers found that average upslope shifted more than [> 500 metres].and The entire boundary of vegetation have been moved upwards from the 4,600 metres to the 5,200 metres. The main region for this dramatically shift is only the climate change last 210 years 2.Plants defend themselves Plant can not run away from danger like most of the animal do,so that they have developed there own weapon & aroma & release toxic chemical in order to protect themselves, Plant are able to move anywhere, so that every single cell defend itself against the all attack from the invading pathogens, for example- fungi and bacteria. first line defense in plant The first line of defense in plants is intact & impenetrable barrier that composed of the bark & waxy cuticle. Both are protect plants against the herbivores. And Other adaptations against herbivores are include the, thorns the modified branches of plant, hard shells and the spines.[modified leaves]first line defense occur when the plant cells can detect the presence of the foreign invader like(flagella of the bacteria or chitin which found in fungi cell walls) and they alert the surrounding cells through releasing molecules that give massage to other cells so other cell ready to fight invader their defences. example, the alerted infected plant cells secrete molecules are harmful to invadors or plant cell build up their more cell walls for extra protection form invader. second line of defense is hypersensitive response (HR).infected plant cells around the infection site will kill [itself]themselves to stop pathogen to spreading infection throughout the plant. This pr.

Argue in favor or against the following statements (include examples.pdf

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27. What is a prosthetic group? Identify prosthetic groups in the following conjugated proteins: A prosthetic group is a part of the protein that is not composed of amino acids. Lipoproteins Carbohydrates Hemoproteins Lipids Flavin nucleotides Metalloproteins Glycoproteins Phosphate groups Fe, Ca, Copper, Zinc Phosphoproteins Flavoproteins Heme (iron porphyrin) Solution part-a: Hemoproteins contain hemoglobin, in which \"iron (Fe2+) is the prosthetic group useful to carry oxygen Part-b: Lipoproteins contain lipid moieties with double & triple bonds as prosthetic groups Part-c: Metalloproteins such as cobalamin contain \"cobalt\" as prosthetic groups in their structure of intrinsic factor human digestive system Part-c: Flavoproteins contain flavin as prosthetic group Glycoproteins is conjugate protein that contains \"glycosidic linkage\" as prosthetic groups.

27. What is a prosthetic group Identify prosthetic groups in the fol.pdf

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What is the role of sequence numbers in the rdt protocol? What is the role of timers in the rdt protocol? Solution The internet network layer provides only best effort service with no guarantee that packets arrive at their destination. Also, since each packet is routed individually it is possible that packets are received out of order. For connection-oriented service provided by TCP, it is necessary to have a reliable data transfer (RDT) protocol to ensure delivery of all packets and to enable the receiver to deliver the packets in order to its application layer. A simple alternating bit RDT protocol can be designed using some basic tools. This protocol is also known as a stop-and-wait protocol: after sending each packet the sender stops and waits for feedback from the receiver indicating that the packet has been received. Stop-and-wait RDT protocols have poor performance in a long-distance connection. At best, the sender can only transmit one packet per round-trip time. For a 1000 mile connection this amounts to approximately 1 packet (about 1500 bytes) every 20 ms. That results in a pathetic 75 KB per second rate. To improve transmission rates, a realistic RDT protocol must use pipelining. This allows the sender to have a large number of packets \"in the pipeline\". This phrase refers to packets that have been sent but whose receipt has not yet verified by the receiver..

What is the role of sequence numbers in the rdt protocolWhat is t.pdf

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