Mass Migrations During The Harlem Renaissance

Mass Migrations During The Harlem Renaissance
The mass migrations of blacks into Harlem happened around the early 1900 as living conditions
worsen in other parts of the country. Specifically, the KKK in South Carolina, and racial segregation
and biases across the south enforced by the Jim Crow Laws, forced black families to go north in
search of better housing, jobs and education for their children, and more so, to move away from a
culture of lynching and violence. They did not anticipate the violent situations they would face in
the North. Due to discrimination they were pushed further and further up Manhattan and into
neighborhoods that were over concentrated with blacks and minorities. At times, they faced worsen
financial and social conditions that resulted in riots over employment ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Harlem was also the place where spirituality evolved for the African Americans. They began to
establish their own churches with black pastors I places ranging from small store front to wealthy
churches. The NAACP was very active in the Black movements in Harlem. There were frequent
racial disorders occurring all over the country. In Harlem, the blacks were reactive and as a result,
there were violent out breaks between blacks and whites, and the Harlem Renaissance at one point
was halted because people were afraid to travel to Harlem. Once the Harlem Renaissance was under
way, the political and social reformers began promoting it because it promoted African American
achievements, and was a representation of a modernist vision of a new social and cultural landscape
for Blacks. The Harlem Renaissance was an expression of literary, artistic and intellectual works.
Jazz was another form of expression for the black in Harlem, but it was not the focal point of the
Harlem Renaissance. Their art was the focal point because it was an expression of the black
community and their pride and
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Causes Of The Migration Series By Jacob Lawrence
The Migration series by Jacob Lawrence is a sequence of sixty paintings (with captions) portraying
the mass movement of African Americans from the rural South to cities in the North and West
during the beginning of the twentieth century. The artist was the child of African American migrants,
and he grew up during the 1930s in Harlem, where he took art classes. In planning the series,
Lawrence did a lot of library research on the history and causes of the migration. Reading the series
from beginning to end, the viewer can see that he puts the fruits of his learning into the scenes and
captions. This paper explores how the series represents the causes of the Great Migration. I argue
that Lawrence shows several economic factors, such as difficult ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Although the pattern does not stay exactly this way throughout the series, the back– and–forth
between depictions of individuals and groups is pretty common. My point is similar to this one in a
scholarly article: "The narrative . . . is not linear, but alternates between the insistent portrayal of the
dominant event in the plot–the actual physical displacement of the people–and paintings dealing
with the main causes of this mass migration" (Tribe 405). This quotation brings us back to the issue
of causes, which I think is related to the opposition individual/society. When Lawrence depicts the
causes pushing African Americans out of the South (like lynching, child labor, injustice, and
discrimination), he usually shows us only one person or a small group, like a family. Some of the
causes pulling migrants away from the South (labor agents, letters from kin) also are shown having
their effect on individuals or small groups. But when

Migration Essay
SAEVIA NAG, M.A. ECONOMICS, A6030115034
INTRODUCTION
Migration is the geographic movement of people across a specified boundary for the purpose of
establishing a new permanent or semi–permanent residence. Along with fertility and mortality,
migration is a component of the population change. These migrants comprise of the particular group
of people who are landless labourers, seasonally unemployed labourers, agricultural labourers, poor
farmers and the people who belong to a socially back ward classes. Migration has been a major
source of human survival, adaptation, and growth across the centuries and millennia. Data reveals
that internal migration is four times higher than international migration. And when it comes to
internal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Large number of people has migrated out of Jammu and Kashmir and Assam during the last few
years due to disturbed conditions there. People also migrate on a short–term basis in search of better
opportunities for recreation, health care facilities, and legal advices or for availing service which the
nearby towns provide.
'Pull' and 'Push' Factors:
Urban centres provide vast scope for employment in industries, transport, trade and other services.
They also offer modem facilities of life. Thus, they act as 'magnets' for the migrant population and
attract people from outside. In other words, cities pull people from other areas. This is known as
"pull factor". People also migrate due to 'push factors' such as unemployment, hunger and
starvation. When they do not find means of livelihood in their home villages, they are 'pushed' out to
the nearby or distant towns. Millions of people who migrated from their far–off villages to the big
cities of Kolkata, Mumbai or Delhi did so because these cities offered them some promise for a
better living. Their home villages had virtually rejected them as surplus population which the rural
resources of land were not able to sustain any

Rise Of Globalism In The United States
With the recent event happening around the world and in the United States the concept of globalism
is one the rise. There are many factors that contribute to a globalism mindset of a community or
society. There isn't always one solid reason a community or society starts to favor a more globalism
mindset. With the ability to travel from one place to another, it has been easier to spread different
cultures beliefs, ideologies, and practices to new communities. There are detractors and drawbacks
to this kind of cultural spread, as some people find the new cultures and people to be intrusive and
threatening. The migration of people and their cultures has been one of the factors that have helped
the world thrive. On the opposite side, not

US Migration Essay
"Migration," as said by Russell King, author of Atlas of Human Migration, "is the history of the
world." U.S. migration is a highly discussed subject as nearly all of its population is connected to
different cultures and countries. Migration occurred as a result of push and pull factors –
circumstances that prompted people to leave home and drew them to new societies (Concepts).
People from all over the world have mostly immigrated and migrated within the U.S. for a major
reason – economic necessity. Domestic American population has moved across regions over the past
three centuries due to this shared economic need. This need was either a matter of their personal
choice both abroad and within the U.S., or the state's choice for someone to migrate. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ireland was going through difficult political and economic turmoil in their home country that people
began to look for a way out desperately in order to survive. Many chose to move to the U.S. in
search of labor and to provide for their families, but their migration was seen as exile and
banishment rather than a quest of opportunity like other immigrants (Kenny 124). As the Irish began
to settle in the U.S., they tended to go to cities as they were young and could find work in urban
cities easier. However, they noticed that the further west they went, the more success they had in
looking for jobs. There was a heavy demand for Irish unskilled labor as they provided cheap,
expendable labor for the U.S.'s emerging industrial and urban infrastructure. Not only did the Irish
begin to find work, but Irish female immigrants began to work as domestics, filling 80 percent of
positions in many cities. The Irish were successful in finding work, but still faced discrimination due
to their "banished" migration and low–wage jobs (Kenny 129). The Irish were not the only racial
group to search for labor and be discriminated against as more ethnicities would begin to arrive in
the U.S. and receive harsher

Global Migration From 1700 To 1900 CE, The World
Global Migrations CCOT Between 1700 CE and 1900 CE, the world saw radical growth and
change. New inventions, technologies and innovations led to major shifts in power and new
societies emerged. A common theme between these two dates is the migration of peoples for a
variety of reasons. Some left their homelands due to push factors, like famine, war and disease.
Some left due to pull factors, like economic prosperity, religious tolerance and freedom. From 1700
CE to 1900 CE, global migration experienced a continuity in long distance migration to the
Americas as a result of a need for labor. Although there is a continuity, there are major changes in
the push and pull factors for migration such as like the Irish Potato Famine and the migration of
immigrants into Australia due to the promise of economic prosperity. The migration of people into
the Americas was a continuity between 1700 CE and 1900 CE. In the 1700s, predominantly
European settlers migrated to the Americas in search of economic gain. Many found this in the form
of the plantation system. The need for labor on these plantations led to the large scale migration of
slaves. Slaves were essential to the economy of the Americas and even to the parent countries in
Europe as they were a cheap, reliable source of labor. These slaves were part of a larger mercantilist
system called the Atlantic Slave Trade. The slave trade peaked in the 1700s with millions of African
slaves being forced to migrate into the Americas. The

Globalization And Mass Migration Is A Diverse And Dynamic...
Globalisation and mass migration means that Australia is a diverse and dynamic place. In Australia,
many refugee background students experience difficulties adjusting to their new environment and
school settings. The increasing diversity in Australian schools present various challenges for not
only refugee students and their learning experiences, but for teachers as well. Therefore, the
consideration and evaluation of educational research is crucial, so that educational practices and
pedagogies are informed by research for the benefit of students' learning and development. With the
increase of refugee background students there has been a need for the implementation and
evaluation of strategies and policies in order to establish appropriate ways to engage with the
complex issues around refugee background students' transition to education. This can be seen
through the creation of the Refugee Action Support Program (RAS) that was designed to provide
tutoring to students from refugee backgrounds in Western Sydney schools. In regards to educational
policy, the Multicultural Educational Policy aims to 'respond to the cultural diversity of New South
Wales by committing schools to providing opportunities that enable all students to achieve equitable
education and social outcomes' ("Multicultural Education Policy, 2016). Such programs and policies
reinforce that Australia recognises the increasing cultural diversity and needs of refugee background
students in Australian schools. In

Effects Of Migration In Mexico
Introduction
Migration is one of the biggest and most known examples of living. People migrate all the time,
whether it is immigration into a country or emigrating out of a country. Migration happens very
often, especially in our modern world; needless to say, it is something that people use as privilege in
order to sustain and make their lives better. People migrate for numerous reasons, and those reasons
depend on how their lives will be formed later on in time. On this subject, a specific example of
migration can be seen in the illegal immigration from Mexico to USA. Many people in Mexico are
not pleased with their lives, therefore they use illegal immigration in order to enhance it. Currently,
in the modern world, America has been the solution to many individuals living problems in LEDC's
as well as in Mexico. It has the ability to provide people with the factors that they are lacking or
have too much of. As of now, Mexico has the largest number of immigrants entering America and it
is still increasing, however illegally. Illegal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With a lot of working aged people emigration from Mexico, in order to find better pay jobs, there
are many elders left. Which means that the dependency ratio will increase due to lack of the working
aged people which are emigrating Mexico. That might later consequence in the decrease of young
fertile couples providing the reduction in birth rates. Eventually, once again, it will cause increasing
the dependent ratio having no one to work in order to pay taxes for sustaining the elders. This is a
social factor, however it also affects the economical factors. An economical factor, is that since
people are leaving Mexico more, the tension of land, medical services, and jobs are no longer in
overcapacity. People will have more jobs available as well as better medical services given to them
and more opportunities to choose

Summary: The Issue Of Immigration
The topic of immigration has been argued as a problem to the United States; from the early years the
country had first been established. Much reform, and action has been taking to either reduce the
amount of illegal immigrants into the country, and even control the usefulness of those who migrate
into the in order to benefit the country. Many have found this to be a social problem because of how
illegal aliens have allegedly taken jobs away from those who live in the recipient country, or how
they are not citizens but are practicing rights of the citizen. Again though much has taken place in
effort to relinquish the US of its illegal migrants, but success has yet to be reached completely. Why
do these migrants, travel to such an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Patterns in history suggest that mass immigration has occurred because the economy policies in
other countries aren't as attractive as those in America. Also along with this timeline of immigration,
comes a timeline to fix and prevent mass immigration from overrunning the country. The first
original 1790 Alien Naturalization Act had given the first rules that needed to be followed by all of
the country in the granting of national citizenship. And the most recent Arizona Anti–Immigration
law to requiring migrants to have papers in order to prove their right to be in the country. Attempts
to seize

Definition Of Migration Of International Migration
Literature review Definition of Migration International migration may be defined as movement of
people from one country to another in order to take up employment, or establish residence or to seek
refuge from persecution (IOM, 1993). Recognized authors (Appleyard, 1991; Rodgers, 1992; Abrar
et.al., 2000) have categorized international migration into 6 broad categories. These are permanent
settlers, documented or regular labour migrants, undocumented or irregular migrants, asylum
seekers, recognized refugees and defacto refugees. Migration includes a variety of movement of
people from one place to another, albeit characterized by different purposes that manifest itself in
residency for specific periods ie., time and nature, like permanent, temporary, involuntary, legal or
illegal. It is the purpose that distinguishes one kind of migration from another. Some migrate to
settle permanently in the country of destination, some for employment purpose, while some even
emigrate and seek asylum, escaping from prosecution or from disasters. Migrants who return home
often contribute by being enterprising, innovative etc. by investing their expertise and savings.
These skilled workers may launch new ventures in their countries and promote economic
development. Some pass their expertise along to others as teachers or trainers. As a result of
bidirectional trend of migration, in some parts of the world, the old dynamic of "brain drain" is
giving way to "brain circulation", contrary to

Migrations And Belongs, By Dirk Hoerder
The book, Migrations and Belongs, written by Dirk Hoerder, dealt with the experiences people faced
as they migrated in voluntary and involuntary migrations. Chapter four, "Migrations during War and
Depression" focused mainly on forced migrations. This chapter dealt with the fact that after World
War I, people were forced out of their homes. There was a new concept that was emerging and
becoming increasing popular, the concept of nationalization. People wanted their country to consist
only of the people of that origin. They wanted the un–mixing of people which led to widespread
involuntary mass migration. There were such places that were open to new immigrants such as the
Soviet Union, but places like Germany and France for example wanted ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Hitler and the Nazis were able to round up thousands of Jews and ship them off without them
fighting back. I assume it was a similar tactic. It seems similar to today when government officials
try to crack down on illegal immigration by rounding up the undocumented immigrants and
deporting them. I do not even know if they try to send them back to the country they came from or
just send them to Mexico. If the person is not even from Mexico the whole situation would be even
more disconcerting.
Chapter five, "The Aftermath of War and Decolonization" was basically a conclusion to the entire
book and an explanation of what happened in terms of migration after World War II. Hoerder stated
that after World War II ended, two major migrations took place. First, the migrations of refugees,
prisoners of war, forced laborers, and soldiers. The second migration involved laborers to rebuild the
destroyed countries of Europe. Those who were forced to move or flee during the war wanted to go
back home, the problem was, many of their homes were destroyed. People needed to rebuild their
communities so their life could resume. Families moved together but heartbreakingly many of those
families were female led because fathers and husbands were killed in the war.
This chapter was bitter sweet. It was good that the country was rebuilding after the disaster left by
World War II and that families could return; the heartbreaking part was that the families were
returning missing

Illegal Migration
In this complex machinery that is illegal migration many theorist tend to only skim the surface by
and assume the most important determining factor in leaving or staying is solely based on the
economic aspects. This machine not only produces a numerous amount of illegal migration, it
fosters it into a sophisticated labor control system that is manipulated by social, market (labor and
economic market) and political factors. Although economic means is neither the only nor the most
important determinant in illegal migration it was indeed behind the birth of the exodus of mass
populations. The economic and labor market growths in the 21st century are both the primary
factors and precursors for the transformation of illegal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
and Mexico. This U.S.–Mexico agreement allowed Mexican citizens to obtain temporary
agricultural work in the United States. Although the braceros were required to obtain a certain
permit, many "illegal" braceros fell through the cracks and managed to enlist without protest from
the U.S. government; essentially they could care less as long as they were able to get the controlled
labor they desired. When looking at the illegal migration model as a "well–oiled machine" that
produces labor control, we have highlighted two key components; the markets that started the
machine and the political policies that acted as the inner–workings, directing the entire operation to
the desired end result. The force that keeps this machine going are social networks between illegal
migrants. As more Mexicans immigrate, typically men, the later send for their family and relatives,
and since the communities in Mexico are so tightly knit one neighbor hears of the others "success"
in America they decide to take the dangerous voyage as well. This process is the last factor that has
maintained the process of transformation of contemporary and historical illegal migration into labor
control, by regularly feeding the machine new migrants through the social networking in the U.S.
and Mexico. During these illegal journeys migrants are at the mercy of extreme elements, from the
blistering heat and to the unbearable cold. In

The Immigration Is Not A New Concept Within The 21th Century
The immigration is not a new concept in the 21th century. Throughout history, people would travel
into new places to establish better lives. Immigration involves the movement of people from their
home country to a host country, which they are not native, to settle and live. People migrate for
many reasons; some of which include economic or political reasons, family reunification, natural
disasters, or the desire to change one 's surroundings. Today, the influx of migration became a
dilemma in European nations, which ultimately brought so many people from other nations to get
settled, especially from war countries. Leaving your country into a new place might be the hardest
decision in your life you make, since you have no knowledge about it your new place. For the last
few years, thousands of immigrants from the Middle East, South Asia, and Asia are crossing the
borders of Europe illegally to look for new places and live in better. They take so much risks in their
lives and some even cannot make it through due to the brutality of borders and waters of the seas
and oceans. Immigrants get drowned in the sea. A friend of mine who left Afghanistan last year with
his two children and wife, his older son sunk in the Mediterranean Sea and died. Is it worth it?
However, those even who make to their final destinations have also have so much difficulties to get
settled. For example, some European nations do not accept the flow of immigrants because they
argue that immigrants will

The Pros and Cons of the Great Migration Essay
The Great Migration was a huge relocation of African Americans from the Southern states of the
United States to northern and Midwestern cities. This occurred between the years of 1910 and 1970.
Over 6 million African Americans traveled to Northern cities during the migration. Some northern
city destinations were Richmond, D.C, Baltimore, New York, and Newark. Western and Midwestern
destinations were those such as Los Angelos, San Francisco, St. Louis, Chicago, and Detroit. During
this time period and previous years, Jim Crow laws in the South were greatly in affect and causing
African Americans a rough time due to the racism they faced. After Reconstruction had ended, white
supremacy had taken it's toll in the South and Jim Crow had ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In this paper I will use a variety of sources, mainly secondary sources, to explain my point on the
Great Migration being beneficial. The primary source that I do use in this paper is an interview of an
individual who participated in the Great Migration. His name is James Green, as I have mentioned
him before. The interview he participated in was conducted for a Black Migration project. Because
he has been a part of this mass movement of African Americans, it makes him a reliable source.
Now I will explain a few of my other sources. A secondary source I used is from the Schomburg
Center for Research in Black Culture which comes from the New York Public Library. This site
known as In Motion: The African American Migration Experience, gives background information
about what the Great Migration was, it's causes, and what life was like in the North. It also provides
resources such as images, maps, and texts relating to the migration. One of the research papers I use
for this paper came from a student from Boston University, but Harvard University owns a copy of
it. This paper titled "The Great Migration's Impact On the Education of Southern–born African
Americans" explains the effects on education in the North of Southern born African Americans who
came to the North during The Great Migration. Another source displayed in this paper is an

Taking a Look at International Migration
Over the past number of decades, international migration has caused a significant shift in the
distribution of the world's population, leading to great concern for many countries around the globe
(McKeown, 2004: 159). Migration is often seen as a way to deal with bad political institutions,
conflicts or a chance to boost economic opportunities. While a person's decision to migrate is
normally recognised as an entirely individual choice and the possibility for a person to improve their
quality of life, in some cases an individual does not always get a choice in migrating (Drabo and
Mbaye, 2011: 2). Environmental change has always been linked to global migration flows and can
result in large population movement across the world (International Organization for Migration,
2008). According to the European Commission (2013: 3), there is growing evidence to show that
climate change, climate–induced events and environmental disruptions are likely to assume greater
importance in influencing migration, especially in developing countries. Throughout history, climate
change has created mass movements of population and the natural environment is probably the
oldest determinant of migration and population displacement. It is predicted that by the half century,
200 million people could be permanent or temporary environmental migrants within their own
countries or overseas (Drabo and Mbaye, 2011: 2). These large figures tend to dominate the current
debate on the relationship between the

Refugees In America
A Shocking Image of Today's World Refugees! Refugees! Refugees! This the only word we are
hearing nowadays. The word 'refugee' echoes in society and particularly in the media nowadays, yet,
many are ignorant of what it truly means. Whenever we hear the word 'refugee', our knee–jerk
reaction is that we think of immigrants. A refugee, according to the Geneva Convention, is someone
who is unable or unwilling to return to their country of origin owing to a well–founded fear of being
persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or
political opinion1. People have fled their home country from the fear of unjustified persecution, but
we do not call them innocent people; rather our deluded society deride ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
They should spend their resources for the uplift of deprived nations, strengthening the legal
government and system of governance and provide them assistance and support these homeless
refugees. However, the most compelling argument is that countries cannot just interfere in the
politics of others. I do not think there are any words that would emphasise on this everlasting issue
of the refugee crisis and mass migration around the world. It can never be controlled without a
universal peace and stability. To achieve this objective, we need to minimise the difference between
the poor and the rich nations. Our hopes are still alive and we look to The United Nations to speed
up its efforts and play a pivotal role to ensure peace and stability across the globe and I believe that
this is the only means to resolve the refugee crisis and control mass migration. But we don't have to
rely on them because this is not a well–governed world and we have to take the responsibility and
move forward to achieve this

International Migration At The Beginning Of The Twenty '...
The article I chose to review is "International Migration at the Beginning of the Twenty‐First
Century: Global Trends and Issues." by Stephen Castles. The last article review, I used a required
reading assignment to write about, but when I started article review #2, this article stood out the
most to me. Migration has always been a topic that I wanted to learn more about and after finishing
this article, I feel like I came away with knowledge that I would have not been able to get from
some google searches. The article provided an array of detailed insight about migration trends as
well as the issues associated with it. The article talked about the types of migration and as well, gave
concise definitions of each. It touched on what causes migration and the historical trends associated
with it. The article about various migration trends like refugees fleeing for a better life, or migrants
who migrated temporarily. A part that stood out the most was how in the early 1990s, migration
"took a prominent place on the international political agenda." Due to the collapse of the Soviet
Union, migration was occurring at rapid and uncontrollable rates due to sporadic migration from
random migrants as well as seekers of asylum. Migrants spread across North America and Western
Europe. The influx of migrants in turn lead to a change in border controls and created a push to
restrict particular kinds of maneuverability. There were speculations that migration would become
an apparent

The Controversy Of Diaspora
The debate on Diaspora has been an ever going debate that has transformed itself with time. The real
meaning of the term diaspora has with time somewhere now eroded and become a more of an
individual subjective word whose meaning and interjections vary from person to person. The
original word comes from Greek word διασπορά which means "scattering, dispersion" and which
described the emigration of Greeks to colonise and assimilate a recently conquered territory. Later,
the term was referred to a scattered population whose origin lies within a smaller geographic locale.
It is also referred to the movement of the population from its original homeland. In today's parlance,
Diaspora has come to refer particularly to historical mass dispersions of an involuntary nature, such
as the expulsion of Jews from Judea, the fleeing of Greeks after the fall of Constantinople, the
African ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Such meanings often bring the images of pain, grief, torture, political, social and psychological
pressure on the population undergoing this process of forced migration. But with time, the life
experiences and work of people for whom diaspora is no longer as tragic as it was for the earlier
generations, the word now seems to be in the process of redefinition. This paper gives an optimistic
approach to the redefinition of the word 'diaspora'. It will discuss what are the common viewpoints
shared in the world about Diaspora, what can be the possible other side of the situation(the positive
approach), how is twenty–first century diaspora different and finally it will also highlight how a
twenty–first century migrant can make diaspora a successful life changing experience by accepting
the dual

Mass Migration to America During the 19th Century
This essay will address the reasons as to why there was mass migration to the United States of
America during the nineteenth century. As for this topic, the reasons for the mass migration was due
to industrialisation and employment and living standards, and thus many migrants traveled to
America with the hope of a better life. By saying that the reasons for the mass migration are
primarily due to industrialisation and employment and living standards, it is important to emphasize
that the migrants' destination of America was better than remaining in their origin country. With all
of this considered, this essay will examine the roles of industrialisation and employment and living
standard in the decision to migrate to the United Sates of America during the nineteenth century. The
potential reach of this essay needs to be specified at the outset by identifying the migrants, whom
traveled to America. In the nineteenth century, the type of migrants can be broken into two periods,
the early part of the century, and the later half of the century. In the first half of the century, the
migrants were primarily farmers and artisans from rural areas, who traveled with family, and
intended to acquire land and settle permanently, whereas, in contrast, the migrants from the later half
of the century were drawn from urban areas with nonagricultural occupations, yet, in comparison,
all the migrants were typically unskilled and young, whom had limited schooling and training
(Hatton,

The Effects Of Migration On Higher Educational Aspirations
Introduction
If one were to evaluate the impact of immigration, it can be said that it alters the way in which one
interprets a certain culture or idea. Immigration can shape the way parents see the future of their
child, specifically their academic and career aspirations. The parents may hold different expectations
for their children, in terms of their desire for a better future for their children. However, it can also
affect the manner in which the child accomplishes these goals. In this paper, I will examine the
effects of migration on higher educational aspirations for the children of immigrants, because it is
important to note how the migrant's experience influences the desires for their children. I will focus
on the three reasons that can influence their aspirations: motivations for migration, expectations for
children and academic performance of the children. I argue that to fully understand how migration
affects educational aspirations, it is necessary to focus on the reasons that migration was made
possible for Latina migrant womens, considering the economic and political histories of Latin
America and the United States. It is also important to note what the educational aspirations are, and
to consider the academic performances of the children of migrant workers, to see whether or not
they are living up to these expectations. Results demonstrate that the outcomes can be mixed, as
some children may live up to the aspirations while others are held back due to

The Pros And Cons Of Human Migration
Human migration can be defined as the movement of people from one place to other areas due to
several reasons. It might be permanent or temporary, or forced or voluntary. Migration is not recent
phenomenon and people were migrating starting from long time ago but the reasons are different
today. The notion of migration can be bad or good depending on the type and forms of migration.
Sometimes it can be a merit for the migrants, sending and receiving countries but, it can also be
disastrous for them. It might be horrible for sending countries especially when they loss skilled labor
forces so called "brain drain" but it became worth when the sending countries get remittances to
build foreign exchange reserve capacity and the investments they made through their families or by
themselves after returning to their homelands. Many people are migrating not only for the reason
that they cannot find a job on their own labor market but also because wages in other countries are
higher. Receiving countries are welcome for skilled workforces since it can cover their aging labor
and decrease the investment to train. Immigrants provide work for the others because they are
consumers of all kinds of services. The problems come when the migrants are illegal and forced due
to different ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The World Bank conservatively estimates that $80 billion in work remittances were transferred from
immigrants to their countries of origin in 2002 (World Bank Group, 2003). Immigrants are also
contributes to the receiving countries' economies by paying taxes. They are needed to sustain the
workforce in rich countries with aging population and to protect industries that rely on immigrant
labor (Hayter, 2002). The problem comes when the immigrants are illegal despite some countries
like United States depend heavily on illegal farm workers to do work such as fruit and vegetable

Major Eras Of US Migration
Leeza Coppock
11/3/14
SOC 370
Midterm 3
2. Chapter 3: Briefly summarize the major eras of Mexico–>U.S. migration. Why does Massey
argue that these trends contradict the neoclassical economic view of migratory decision–making?
Do you agree?
The major eras of Mexico to U.S. migration include the Era of Enganche, the
Era of Deportation, the Bracero Era, the Era of Undocumented Migration, and the
Great Divide. The Era of Enganche spanned from 1900 to 1929. The opening of the Mexican
Central Railroad connected a part of the U.S. to Mexico, promoting new markets and industries with
new, fertile valleys and natural resources now connected with railroads (27). During this time,
immigration from Asia was becoming more restrictive. This promoted U.S. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
I agree with Massey because unlike the neoclassical economic view, migration relies on interrelated
people. Fewer migrants are acting individually, and more work together to expand capital gain.
3. Chapter 4: Briefly summarize the seven major steps of the migration cycle and their 'parameters'?
Why does Massey argue that together these processes constituted a stable, mutually beneficial
migration system for the
U.S. and Mexico? Do you agree? Why or why not?
The first major step in the migration cycle is leaving. Leaving is described as the initial trip to the
United States. The probability of Mexicans entering the United
States between 1965 and 1985 grew at a steady rate, solely for undocumented males. The probability
collapsed in 1983, due to the Mexican oil boom, but later grew again because of an economic
collapse. The next step is crossing.
Undocumented migrants usually paid coyotes to be smuggled across the border. The use of coyotes
increased with the rise of Border Patrol linewatch–hours. The third step is arriving. Because Texas
shares the largest border with Mexico, Texas became the prime point of entry. However, the bracero
program shifted migrants

Impact Of Migrations Of Pastoral Peoples On The Middle Ages
Paper 2: Migrations and Pasturalists
Analyze the impact that migrations of pastoral peoples had on the development of civilization from
the Second Wave civilizations to those of the Middle Ages. It is called migration all population
displacements that occurs from a place of origin to another destination and brings a change of
habitual residence in the case of people .The history refers to the great cultural movements,
economic geographical and political that led to massive displacements of the population, both
spontaneous or forced. The development of the first ' 'polis ' ' also caused a migration from the
countryside to the city then has all civilizations. Mass migrations took place approximately the third
century and eighth century of our era in Europe marking the transition between ancient history and
the Middle Ages that goes by the name of Late Antiquity. Historians often speak of several phases in
these invasions, the role corresponding to the first Germanic peoples (of the third century to the
sixth century), while the latter correspond to the Vikings and the Magyars and the Arabs
(protagonists of the invasion Muslim seventh century and eighth century). ' 'The bronze age
witnessed the development and expansion of pastoralism to the central and eastern steppes, the
growth of urban areas in Central Asia oases, and ongoing mutually beneficial commercial activity
between those cultural areas ' ' (Christian 902). All these migrations brought drastic consequences in

Human Resource Management and Migrant Labour Essay
Human Resource Management and Migrant Labour
Table of Contents: ‎
‎
1.‎Introduction ‎
‎
2.‎Literature Review ‎
‎
3.‎Critical Analysis and Discussion ‎
‎
4.‎Conclusion ‎
Introduction:‎
Migration in every country leads to a change in the labour market. Countries like UK ‎
grant
immigration rights to the large numbers of immigrants every year and openly allow ‎
immigrations
from citizens of their former colonies. The attitudes of a country towards ‎
immigration vary greatly
on the particular employment patterns and needs at that given time, and ‎
these attitudes may change
over time. This paper will assess the changes in the labour market of ‎
the UK due to the immigrations
and its impact on the human resource management in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But at a critical level of analysis, it can be said that there have been many distributional ‎
impacts
which means that competition levels in the market rose and businesses experienced more ‎
rivalry. As
the years have passed since the 1940s, the pressure of migration has increased and the ‎
impact of
immigration on the UK local communities have also been obvious especially at a time ‎
of rapid
change that Britain is going through continually from time to time. This is why countries ‎
need to
maintain the laws and policies for migration and control the negative effects (Ham, 2010, ‎
p. 152).‎
Migration has taken place in a number of countries which had opportunities in the labour ‎
market.
However, due to this migration, the prominent labour markets such as that of the UK ‎
have been
overcrowded which has resulted in the reduction of wages. The impact of immigration ‎
on the labour
market is rather a challenging task which is dependent on a number of factors. ‎
Some of the
important factors are the characteristics of the migrants including skill level, family ‎
composition,
age distribution, health status, temporary or permanent immigration, and fertility ‎
patterns. From
these characteristics, the skill level is one of the main factors which determine the ‎
impact on the
labour markets. Immigrants that are highly skilled tend to work in highly paid jobs ‎
and thus eligible
of paying more taxes than those migrants who have low wages and are low ‎
skilled (Din, 2012, p.
19).

The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
Employment Guarantee and Migration –Koshtub Vohra, MPP – 11 Introduction The National Rural
Employment Guarantee Act, the lead welfare project of the UPA Government was passed by the
Parliament in August 2005 and became effective on fifth September 2005. It has been criticized by
numerous as yet another instance of a vast lump of public money being flushed down the channel in
pointless rural development works. Reports of plans comprising of the NREGA workers burrowing
trench and after that re–filling them at work sites, of labourers not being paid their wages, of swelled
muster rolls with non–existent labours and substantial sums being cheated out of the system which
is sufficiently funded by the Center, and most recently, the abhorrent ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Amid 2006–07 against the aggregate accessible funds of Rs. 12073.56 Crore with the states, Rs.
8823.36 Crore was used. The normal fund use every region was Rs. 44.12 Crore in 2006–07. For
2007–08 the government made a budget procurement of Rs 12000 Crore. Out of this Rs. 8303.82
Crores have been discharged up to fourteenth November 2007. Out of this, Rs. 5365.99 Crore have
been discharged to the Phase I 200 districts and Rs. 2937.92 Crore have been discharged to the
Phase II 131 districts. Amid 2006–07, 2.12 Crore households had requested employment, out of
which 2.10 Crore households were given employment. Amid the year 90.51 Crore individual days of
employment was given under the project. Midpoints of 45.2 lakh individual days of employment
every districts have been created. Out of aggregate 90.51 Crore individual days, the share of
Scheduled Castes was 22.95 Crore individual days (25.36%) and Scheduled Tribes was 32.99
(36.45%) constituting a sum of 55.94 Crore individual days for SCs/STs which comes to about 62%.
According to the NREGA, the share of ladies individual days ought to be 1/3rd and the same was
36.79 Crore individual days, which is about 41%. Amid 2007–08 (up to September 2007), 1.97
Crore households have requested employment and 1.88 Crore households have been given
employment. An aggregate of 56.14 Crore individual days of employment has been created under
the Program. Out of this, the offer

Causes Of Migration
What are migration patterns? Migration patterns are the movement by people from one place to
another with wanting to settle down. The movement is usually over a long distance and/or from one
country to another. Human patterns of movement are because of the conditions of a changing world
and the impact of the cultural landscapes of both the places people migrate from and the places they
settle. What is migration? Migration is the movement of people from one place to another. What is
immigration? Immigration is the international movement of people into a destination country of
where they are not natives or where they do not have legal citizenship to stay or live there. Why do
people migrate? There are many reasons why people would migrate ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Another example are higher standards of life/ high wages as stated by Globalization101.
The first "wave" was the British who migrated to the US around the 16th century. Nearly 12 million
people migrated to the United States between 1970 and 1900. During 1870 and 1880, many people
migrated to the United States from Germany, Ireland, and England. The people who migrated from
Europe usually came through the East Coast. While the people who migrated from Asia usually
came through the West Coast. Around 70% of the people came through New York City, which
caused New York City become known as the "Golden DOOR" for immigrants. From the 17th to the
19th century, many African people were brought over illegally to the United States as slaves.
Around the 19th century, the United States also received around 5 million German migrants. In
1960, mainly Italian people migrated. During the middle of the 18th century, there were also many
Asian immigrants. In 2010, people from China mainly migrated to the United States. From 2010 to
around 2015, most immigrants who migrated over to the United States were mainly Mexicans or
Latin Americans. In the early 20th century, the people who migrated were mostly Europeans. During
the age of mass migration (around 1850–1913), more than 30 million people migrated to the United
States.
The immigration policies in the United States changed over time. There is the Immigration and
Naturalization Act (INA), which is the law

The California Gold Rush: The First Mass Migration To...
Geographically California is located in the Western Coast of North America, and is the third largest
State in the United States. The largest cities are; Los Angeles which is known for Disney Land, San
Diego which is known for the Sea World, San Francisco which is known for the Golden Bridge and
Sacramento which is known for the largest preserved historic district of the Gold Rush and for being
its capital since 1854. Although California superiority comes from its warm weather, it does have
the most diverse Geography. The Central Valley which is in the center of California dominates do to
the major agriculture area. "the Sacramento Valley was then a true sea of grass, grass so high a man
riding into it could tie across his saddle." (Didion. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Originally California was not well known. One of the first mass migrations to California was the
Gold Rush. During the Gold rush many people from all around the world and within the states itself
rushed to California in hopes of finding gold and making a fortune. The gold rush also allowed
California to become more ethnically diverse due to the migration to California. Today California is
known to be one of the most ethnically diverse state in the US.
After the gold rush, transportation improvements were being made, immigration was going up and
so was mining. The 49's were the first people to reach the mines, although this was not good news,
the 49'rs did increase the immigration to California which led to Diversity also had an impact since
people from all over the East were beginning to move West. The rising of mining began the idea of
creating a bank system which became very successful. Today California's transportation, traveling,
and banking industries continue to be successful. Agriculture has dominated California's territory
since 1848 and is now the largest. Although immigrants have not lived in California their whole life,
they have expanded their views and skills by being surrounded with multiple cultures. Spanish
speaking individuals brought the language and religion in California. After California became an
official state in the 1850s was when the immigration of Hispanics began to move

Mass Migration and Sharing Economy
Mass migration to Europe and its positive and negative implications –
Sharing economy
Introduction
The hotel industry has been strongly growing recently, overcame many events to make us believe
that they will not stop adapting to the new environments. Practicing economics activities helps the
industry to explain the change of the environment and plan the solutions in the most efficient way.
In this report, I will state two of the most recent events which are the mass migration to Europe and
also with the term sharing economy, together with its impacts to the hotel industry under economic
perspective.
Development
Mass migration to Europe and its positive and negative implications
Migration means the movement of people from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If we will not be able to prevent and stop crimes, tourism will be affected since people are avoiding
traveling in the area, then the hospitality will be influenced. Sharing economy and its impacts
The term explanation
Appeared in the early 2000s and becoming a global phenomenon recently, the term
"sharing economy" (also referred as collaborative consumption) is a hybrid market model, defined
as "the peer – to – peer based activity of obtaining, giving, or sharing the access to goods and
services, coordinated through community–based online services" (Hamari, 2015).
In a simple explication, it allows everyone to become retailers, make money from their underused
assets for example renting house or car, etc.
Airbnb and its impacts in hospitality
The most genuine way to illustrate the "sharing economy" type of business is Airbnb (Schor,
2014). Founded in 2008; Airbnb is a website for connecting people who has underused properties
for rent and people who are looking for a place for vacation rental. The Hotel
News Now website (2014) also gave a compliment that Airbnb rises unstoppable with online
booking net with exponential annual growth, and would "usurp the InterContinental Hotels
Group and Hilton Worldwide as the world's largest hotel chain – without owning a single hotel"
(Strong, 2015). Why it received many interesting by the travelers? This was a brand new concept in
2008, the time when people would consider more when spending

Causes Of Migrant Labor In The Philippines
Introduction Approximately 10–12 million Filipinos work as migrants abroad; the number of people
leaving the country to find work is so high that migration is a regular part of life in the Philippines
(Pardis, 121). Due to deeply embedded structural flows of capital and labor present in
postcolonial/neocolonial economic arrangements, the Philippines depend on migrant labor as a
significant export (Pardis, 123). The combination of neoliberal policies and globalization result in
push and pull forces across portions of societies and national borders that motivate migration in
search of employment or safety, such as increasing poverty and anemic development, causing the
Philippines to rely significantly on migrant labor to strengthen the domestic economy. (Pardis, 143).
The heavy reliance on migrant labor has created, in some instances, a situation of forced migration
that renders potential migrants at risk of being a trafficked person prone to exploitation as cheap
labor, bonded workers, or prostitutes (Saat, 137). Aspirant migrants depend on others to facilitate
their movement, making them susceptible to criminal intentions of those offering work opportunities
abroad and organizing travel requirements (Kempadoo, 74). The logistics of migration (recruitment,
transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of persons) do not constitute trafficking when carried
out formally and the person is fully informed of the conditions of work and understandings of
payments and obligations

Advantages Of Mass Migration To The British Colonies
Paragraph 1: Thesis There was a multitude of social, political, and economic factors that encouraged
the mass migration of people from the Old World to the 13 British colonies. New democratic
features, education, higher wages, employment opportunities, and religious tolerance were among
some of the promises that lured people to migrate and start a new life in America with more personal
choice and freedom. Paragraph 2: Economy Economic advantages were the main incentive for
immigrants to come to the colonies because they allowed people to have economic independence
and stability; America was a good investment. The economic situation in Great Britain was
deteriorating: wages were low, unemployment rates skyrocketed, and it was practically impossible
to move up from your social class because of the social hierarchy that existed. The poor that faced
poverty and unemployment in Great Britain, sought to find new jobs and homes; the American
Dream was born. The new system of indentured servants found in the colonies allowed for the less
fortunate to give up their freedom for a certain period of time in return for liberty and benefits, such
as land, when their contract "expired". Although this system had its flaws, such as maltreatment of
servants and forced indenture, many found themselves able to rebuild their lives completely. For
most, freedom meant being in control and owning land. Opportunities for farming and trading
allowed families to make profit from the raw goods such as

Contribution Of Immigration To America
Throughout our history, The United States of America has been a strong country. We've fought in
two world wars, helped third nation countries, and struggled to get our freedom. Our forefathers
based this country off the freedoms they wanted, the freedoms that England kept from them. These
freedoms appealed to numerous immigrants from foreign countries, causing a gigantic migration of
immigrants to the United States in the 1900s. This enormous migration of people has helped
strengthen our country the most out of the several other factors. Immigrants lead to the United
States' success by boosting our economy, assisted us in creating new inventions, and helping
industrialize our country by taking jobs that no one else wanted. Immigrants helped

International Migration in South America Essay
Mendel University in Brno
Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies
International Migration in South America
Economic Geography
Michal Birčiak
Obsah
International Migration in South America 1
Obsah 2
Introduction 4
History of international migration in South America 5 Migration in 2008, 2009 6
International migration from the South America 7
1.1Migration back home 7
Migration to the others states of OECD 9
1.2Migration to Japan 10
Main features 10
1.3Feminisation of migration 10
1.4Permanence of skilled migration 11
Economic aspects of international migration 12
International migration in Brazil and Argentina 13
1.5International Migration of Brazil 13
Migraton ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The agricultural expansion followed by economic expansion in the region were the main factors of
creation of the new working places and thus the reason to migrate to these countries.
After second World Word, Europe fell into vigorous economic transformation that started in the
nothnern and western states and later spred to southern Europe. These transformations had impact
on migrations of the population. People decide to stay in their home country instead of migrating to
the new one. In the same time the gap between degre of socio–economic development of the
European nations and that of the South American countries was widening. The impact of whole this
transformation was that migraton to the South America decreased and people prefered to move back
to the old continent.
After all we can distinguish Historical migration patterns of South America to three significant
periods:
1. until 1950, the countries of the entire South America continent were destinations for European

immigrants as was mentioned mainly from Southern part of the old continent.
2. starting around 1960 the significant part of the migrants came from countries of South america,
they move especially to the developed countries such as United States, Canada and Spain are.
3. over a past decades was developed moderate but steadily increasing trend of inter–regional
migration. Among countries, that received the migrans belonged Argentina, Venezula and

Globalization Is A For The Mass Movement Of Labor
Globalization currently constitutes for the mass movement of labor especially from developing to
developed nations. However, some aspects of globalization have resulted to the formation of
structures that have resulted to exploitation and domination of labor force (Mohanty, 2013). Notably,
when movement of labor is involved, issues about gender inequality arises and other aspects such as
sexism, and racism as facets of colonialism in the current global economic era. For instance, women
from developing countries are normally involved with the provision of childcare, health care, and
domestic services to developed countries that have high income countries. Even though most of
these women migrate at their own discretion, some of them have been subjected to human
trafficking to serve as domestic workers in foreign countries (Pyle, 2006).
According to Pyle (2006) trafficking occurs when a person is physically forced to migrate
unwillingly. In this case, the labor market has resulted to the formation of brokerage firms from
"sending countries" that serve the purpose of recruiting workers. The recruited workers are normally
promised better employment prospects abroad, only to be subjected to work on undesired jobs (Pyle,
2006). Most of the women are brokered into different labor market segments depending on their
nationality. Such structures have formed cartels that control options and rights for workers (Pyle,
2006). Accordingly, colonialism in the global economy arises from the

Economic Determinism And Ambition In The Migration Series...
Economic Determinism and Ambition in the Migration Series by Jacob Lawrence
The Migration series by Jacob Lawrence is a sequence of sixty paintings (with captions) portraying
the mass movement of African Americans from the rural South to cities in the North and West
during the beginning of the twentieth century. The artist was the child of African American migrants,
and he grew up during the 1930s in
Harlem, where he took art classes. In planning the series, Lawrence did a lot of library research on
the history and causes of the migration. Reading the series from beginning to end, the viewer can
see that he puts the fruits of his learning into the scenes and captions. This paper explores how the
series represents the causes of the Great
Migration. I argue that Lawrence shows several economic factors, such as difficult farming
conditions in the South and greater job opportunities in the North, as providing the basis for the
mass movement, but I also think that he shows hope and ambition as playing an important role.
First it might be helpful to discuss what historians say about the causes of the
Great Migration. Often they describe economic factors labeled "push" and "pull," as explained in an
encyclopedia article: "The pull of labor shortages in northern industry
De Souza 2 and the lack of white male labor combined with the push of the devastation of the cotton
crops so many blacks labored on by flood and boll weevils to create conditions for migration"
(Adams 504). This is

Migrations In International Migration
International Migration is not new. There are many countries in poverty where people seek
opportunities far from home. Jason Pribilsky in "La Chulla Vida", and Deborah Boehm in "Intimate
Migrations", showed us migrants from two countries, Mexico and Ecuador. There is a story behind
every migration, and the experiences the migrants go through have some similarities and
differences. One of the major factors driving migrants is the state of the economy. Ecuadorian
migrants were coming to the United States since the 1970s, but the intention was only to work a
couple of years and return home. Starting from the 1990s, the economic situation forced widespread
poverty and thousands of people went to find work in New York (Pribilsky 2007, P.8). The Mexican
migration started as early as the 1800s, but there was a mass of migrants returning home. Mass
migration from Mexico heightened in the 1990s, especially after the Peso Crisis of 1994 (Depalma
A. 1994). From the moment the migrants decide to cross the border, they are put into danger. Many
migrants encounter problems in reaching the border and return home, some migrants die, especially
while traveling as cargo in the sea from Ecuador. Most migrants from Mexico who successfully
crossed owned debt to cayotes (Boehm 2012, 91). The migrants from Ecuador deal with the debt
from chulqueros (loan sharks) back home (Pribilsky 2007, 163). Once the migrants make it to the
U.S., it still does not guarantee them to find a job right away,

Illegal Immigration And The United States
Amnesty is the most reasonable thing to do and best choice for the 13 million illegal immigrants
currently residing in the United States furthermore, for the United States economy. The correctional
prerequisites against migrants were added to enactment to protect it from feedback that acquittal is
absolution without outcome. Immigration makes a difference among everybody, and Congress ought
to be doing everything in its energy to make it as simple as feasible for settlers to live and work
lawfully what 's more, openly in the United States.
The United States is known not a standout amongst the most tolerating immigration on the planet. It
has added to the nation 's populace social change and also development. Nonetheless, the
arrangement stays to be a contention due to the point that is illegal immigration. By Department of
Homeland security in 2010, there are more than 9 million unlawful migrants dwelling among the
400+ million Americans. From that point forward, the number has developed to 10+ million
individuals. The U.S. Congress has constantly looked to discover the answer for unlawful migration,
with amnesty being an alternative. In the event that sanctioned, an amnesty will give unapproved
outsiders a way to legitimization and inevitably citizenship. Basically, with the immigration
approach being challenged in Congress, an answer for illegal migration by means of reprieve ought
to be considered as it might advantage the nation 's work power and economy, control the

An Age Of Mass Migration And International Terrorism
In an age of mass migration and international terrorism, the intersection of liberty and equality while
also pursuing domestic security and efficiency is a major concern. The ability to untangle these
forces is critical to national identities and to resolving contradictions between these principles in
order to strengthen the values of justice. The values of liberty, equality, security and efficiency have
different weights, but all of these have come to characterize the modern state, have guided the
formation of domestic public policy and continue to constitute the criteria by which policy success
is judged. This paper aims to outline the national policy objectives and the value–oriented solutions
of societal problems like the ones mentioned above. Since September 11 2001, the type of terrorist
attacks which have emerged have begun to have major ramifications on how states are able to aspire
to the ideals of liberty, equality, security and efficiency. States have changed the way they conduct
policy and focus on efforts to face the challenge of how efforts to increase security may have
curtailed citizens' liberties (Haubrich, 400). The anti–terrorism strategies and tactics that democratic
states have employed in order to neutralize terrorist threats have varied widely. Some have been
reactive, others proactive or preventative. However, all measures have been concerned about the
trust citizens have in those in power and the legitimacy of their rule as well as protecting

What Are The Pros And Cons Of Immigration
Immigration is the movement through which an individual permanently moves from their place of
residence from one country to another. Immigration is a topic which divides political parties and
general debate. Whilst some people see the positives of immigration, such as the filling of skill gaps
in low and highly skilled jobs, others see the negatives of immigration, such as the strain on services
such as the NHS, schools and housing.
Firstly, there are clear benefits to immigration. Different communities have moved to Great Britain
from as early as 250AD, such as the Indian, Irish, African and Jewish communities. Immigration has
a long history. However, high levels of immigration started during the period of 1946–1948. This
was around the end of the second world war, when there were labour shortages in Britain and the
rest of Europe. The government had to look for immigrants to fill these shortage gaps. In
particular157,000 Polish citizens allowed to settle in the UK partly because of ties and connections
made during the war years.
The government was unable to recruit enough people from Europe to fill these labour shortages and
so turned towards west India. Many men from the West Indies had fought for the 'mother country'
and had moved back to civilian life in their home country where there were few work opportunities.
Their sense of patriotism, coupled with the need of work, steered them back towards the UK. On the
22nd of June 1948, the ship Windrush docked at Tilbury in

A Research Study On The 24 August 1958
On the 24 July 1958 Tijlka (Thea) Van De Kuyt arrived in Fremantle, Australia with her mother,
father, younger brother and two younger sisters. As Nonja Peter states "Australian immigration has
always been driven by the need to attract enough labour for the developing economy and
recruitment policy, procedures and bi–lateral agreements, continue to heed this imperative." World
War 2 caused a massive shift in migration to Australia, where many families and young individuals
came to Australia looking for a better life and an opportunity to find employment where they could
not in their home country. Through the case study of Thea Dukic in relation to wider migration in
the mid to late 1950s we will see that there was still a stigma of white ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
On the passenger manifests Thea's family is listed as going to camp accommodation when they
arrived in the country, this camp being Bonegilla. Bonegilla was a very common migrant camp
during the time that Thea migrated to Australia, opened by the Immigration Department in 1947
Bonegilla aimed to develop the labour deficiencies of Australia post war but its major purpose was
to "house non–british migrants", throughout its life as a migration camp Bonegilla saw "more than
three thousand people" pass through until its closure in 1971. From here Thea stayed at the
Maribyrnong Immigration Detention Centre and then moved to St Albans where she has lived and
worked since she was 17.
The nineteen fifties in Australia features such as "mass immigration and full employment––continue
to shape contemporary Australia. In the case of immigration, the decade marked the beginnings of a
slow transition from a defensively White Australia to a multicultural nation" but White Australia
was not completely degraded yet. Settling in Australia was not always the easiest thing to do as a
migrant, as Thea points out, she

Mass Migrations During The Harlem Renaissance

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Marisela Stone

More from Marisela Stone (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Mass Migrations During The Harlem Renaissance