because of a hurricane, your regular laboratory session was cancelled and the gram stain
procedure was performed on cultures incubated for a longer period of time. Examination of the
stain staphylococcus aureus slides revealed a great deal of color variability ranging from intese
blue to shades of pink. Account for this result.
Solution
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram positive, non motile bacteria. On Gram staining it will appear
purple to blue color since it will retain crystal violet dye. Again, Gram negative bacteria say for
example, E.coli will appear pink in color.
So, here due to longer period of incubation the culture has been contaminated with Gram
negative bacteria. Therefore showing color variability in Gram staining results..
BIO cell and molecular bio ANSWER ALL1 which of the fo.pdf
1. BIO: cell and molecular bio
ANSWER ALL
1 which of the follow is false?
A eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by aiding in the assembly
of general transcription factors and RNA polymerase at the promoter
B eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by recruiting proteins that
modify chromatin structure
C eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by recruiting a DNA
polymerase to the promoter.
2 although all of the steps involved in expressing a gene can in principle be regulated, for most
genes the initiation of __________ is the most important point of control.
3 the general transcription factors that assemble at a eukaryotic promoter are different, depending
on the specific gene being transcribed by polymerase II.
True or False?
4 Which of the following describes the lac operon in E. coli when lactose, but not glucose, is
present in the culture medium?
A) CAP, but not the lac repressor, is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is expressed.
B) CAP and the lac repressor are both bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is not expressed.
C) The lac repressor, but not CAP, is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is not expressed.
D) Neither CAP nor the lac repressor is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
2. operon is not expressed.
BIO: cell and molecular bio
ANSWER ALL
1 which of the follow is false?
A eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by aiding in the assembly
of general transcription factors and RNA polymerase at the promoter
B eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by recruiting proteins that
modify chromatin structure
C eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by recruiting a DNA
polymerase to the promoter.
2 although all of the steps involved in expressing a gene can in principle be regulated, for most
genes the initiation of __________ is the most important point of control.
3 the general transcription factors that assemble at a eukaryotic promoter are different, depending
on the specific gene being transcribed by polymerase II.
True or False?
4 Which of the following describes the lac operon in E. coli when lactose, but not glucose, is
present in the culture medium?
A) CAP, but not the lac repressor, is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is expressed.
B) CAP and the lac repressor are both bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is not expressed.
C) The lac repressor, but not CAP, is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is not expressed.
3. D) Neither CAP nor the lac repressor is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is not expressed.
ANSWER ALL
1 which of the follow is false?
A eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by aiding in the assembly
of general transcription factors and RNA polymerase at the promoter
B eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by recruiting proteins that
modify chromatin structure
C eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by recruiting a DNA
polymerase to the promoter.
2 although all of the steps involved in expressing a gene can in principle be regulated, for most
genes the initiation of __________ is the most important point of control.
3 the general transcription factors that assemble at a eukaryotic promoter are different, depending
on the specific gene being transcribed by polymerase II.
True or False?
4 Which of the following describes the lac operon in E. coli when lactose, but not glucose, is
present in the culture medium?
A) CAP, but not the lac repressor, is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is expressed.
B) CAP and the lac repressor are both bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is not expressed.
C) The lac repressor, but not CAP, is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is not expressed.
4. D) Neither CAP nor the lac repressor is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is not expressed.
1 which of the follow is false?
A eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by aiding in the assembly
of general transcription factors and RNA polymerase at the promoter
B eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by recruiting proteins that
modify chromatin structure
C eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by recruiting a DNA
polymerase to the promoter.
2 although all of the steps involved in expressing a gene can in principle be regulated, for most
genes the initiation of __________ is the most important point of control.
3 the general transcription factors that assemble at a eukaryotic promoter are different, depending
on the specific gene being transcribed by polymerase II.
True or False?
4 Which of the following describes the lac operon in E. coli when lactose, but not glucose, is
present in the culture medium?
A) CAP, but not the lac repressor, is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is expressed.
B) CAP and the lac repressor are both bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is not expressed.
C) The lac repressor, but not CAP, is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is not expressed.
D) Neither CAP nor the lac repressor is bound to the lac operon's regulatory DNA, and the lac
operon is not expressed.
5. Solution
1). B). B eukaryotic gene activator proteins stimulate transcription initiation by recruiting
proteins that modify chromatin structure
In eukaryotes, the gene activator proteins cause changes to the chromatin structure, which allow
the access of other factors necessary for transcription.
Genome, in its condensed form, it is not accessible to the transcription factors, and other factors
required for the DNA replication and recombination. This is overcome by the histone modifying
proteins modify these histone at different sites and make the genome accessible to all the
regulatory enzymes. These histone modifying enzymes act by different mechanisms such as
methylation, demethylation, acetylation, deamination, phosphorylation, etc.