· Please use exemplar 1 template for disaster risk assessment· P.docx

· Please use exemplar 1 template for disaster risk assessment
· Please use exemplar 2 template for risk reduction strategies
· Please use the organization paragraph given “Goldstone
Walking Tours” in the screenshot and use their community
profile, regional map and town map attached here for the
assessment.

Community Profile: Community profile: Goldstone
Historical background
Goldstone was established in 1889 as part of the broader push
within regional Australia for more
gold fields. The early excavation of gold was undertaken with
intensive manual labour, reaching a
peak in 1923, when the town’s population grew to 15,000. Other
industries gradually became
established from the 1930s, including timber production,
agriculture and the pastoral industry.
While the gold production fell to a low in the 1970s, more
recent advances in gold extraction
methods have revitalised this industry and production is again
increasing, albeit not at the same
rates as earlier in the century. This diversity in economic base
has led to a gradual increase in
population throughout the 20th century so that in 2014 the
population in Goldstone and its
surrounding district (6,856 km2
) is 31,675 persons.
Environment
Location
Goldstone is located in Central Queensland about 316 km inland
from the coast. The local
government area covers 2,987 sq kilometres (or 0.095% of the
total area of Queensland).
Topography
The urban areas of Goldstone have developed primarily over a
flood plain adjacent to a river. The
south east part of town is slightly more elevated than the
remaining urban area. The Goldstone
town is predominantly low standing sloping slightly in the
direction of the north east.

The topography of the surrounding region consists mainly of
low hills resulting from active erosion
by a detailed, dendritic drainage pattern. Locally, especially
where the basement rocks are
dominated by softer shales, the flanks of the streams are flat
and covered by a thin veneer of fine
sand and silt.
The vegetation can be described as ‘grassy tree areas’, with
extensive grass established among
scattered eucalypt trees of maximum 20 metres height. The
vegetation of mainly semi -prone
‘paperbark’ trees is also quite open, which presented no
problem in past years for substantial local
clearing from the areas to be mined.
Climate and weather
Goldstone is situated within a dry tropics region, which extends
approximately 56,000 square
kilometres .The climate may be described as being ‘moderate,
sub-tropical’, with maximum
summer daily temperatures occasionally as high as 38°C, winter
as low as 5°C. Most of the year is
dry, rain falling mainly within the period late-November to
early-March. Occasional extreme rainy
seasons occur and severe storms can affect the community in the
wetter summer months. Such
storms may produce a complex hazard of heavy rain and land
floods with associated soil erosion
and riverbank erosion and depositing of sediments.
Community
Demography
Population by age and sex: Table 1 provides an overview of the
estimated resident population by
age in Goldstone as of 30 June 2014.
0-14 years 15-24 years 25-44 years 45-64 years 65+ years

Goldstone 20% 10% 19% 29% 22%
Table 1 Estimated resident population by age
Over the past decade, there has been a gradual aging of the
population, in line with the national
aging, whereby there is 22% of residents aged 65 and older, an
increase of 17% since 2004. As
such the mean age is now 44.8 years, up from 40.5 years in
2004.
The rate of growth has slowed over the past decade. However,
the projected population for
Goldstone in 2024 is 37,560 and in 2034 a projected population
of 43,780 persons. These figures
are based on the continuing high price of gold as well as an
expansion of the food related
industries as Goldstone’s surrounding area is prime agriculture
land and there is a projected
shortage in food production in the coming decades.
The current breakdown of the population according to sex is
similar to Australian averages with
51.8% females and 48.2% males. There is a higher proportion of
women in the older age brackets
that is consistent with the slightly longer life expectancy of
women.
The Indigenous population of Goldstone is 2.8%, slightly lower
than the Australian average of 3.6%.
This equates to 887 persons, the majority of whom identify as
Aboriginal (812), while 35 identify
as Torres Strait Islander or both.
Goldstone has been the region of settlement for a number of
migrants for more than 40 years.
There is a strong Vietnamese community, primarily involved in
commerce within the town, as well
as strong Mediterranean and Eastern European communities,
primarily involved in the agriculture
and pastoral industries. In the past decade, a small number of
Middle Eastern refugees have

settled in Goldstone. The total number of population in
Goldstone who were born overseas is
6081 (19.2%). The following table provides an overview of the
population born in English speaking
(ESB) countries and non-English speaking countries (NESB).
Born in Australia Born in ESB
countries
Born in NESB
countries
Goldstone 82.9% 11.5% 5.5%
National 73.9% 11.9% 10.5%
Table 2 Country of birth, Goldstone region 2014
The family composition is similar to Australian averages with
35.5% of total families consisting of a
couple family with children (defined as under 15 years of age or
as dependent students aged 15-24
years); 47.2% couple family with no children (includes same-
sex couples); 16.3% one-parent family;
1% other family arrangements.
Goldstone has a relatively easy-going lifestyle, warm weather
during the autumn and relatively
undisturbed natural surroundings. The local tourism board sees
potential to attract touring
exhibitions and entertainment as being most important towards
increasing and widening the
tourism season.
Economy
The mean total personal income for Goldstone region is $415
per week which is considerably
lower than the national average of $587. However, this is offset
by cheaper housing prices, such
that the median mortgage repayment in Goldstone is $1347 (cf
$1850 national average) and
cheaper rentals ($260 per week cf $350 per week for a 3

bedroom house).
Unemployment has remained relatively consistent for more than
a decade, at around 8%. While
significantly higher than the national average of 5.9%, this
reflects the seasonal nature of much of
the agricultural work in this region. What is encouraging is that
employment has remained steady
while the population has increased throughout a period of
relatively economic instability
nationally and internationally. Employment by industry is
outlined in Table 3.
Industry Goldstone (%) National (%)
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 8.8 2.7
Mining 2.1 2.6
Manufacturing 11.5 8.4
Electricity, gas, water and waste services 0.9 1.2
Construction 9.1 9.0
Wholesale trade 3.1 3.6
Retail trade 12.0 10.7
Accommodation and food services 6.8 7.0
Transport, postal and warehousing 4.6 5.3
Information media and telecommunications 0.7 1.2
Financial and insurance services 1.2 2.7
Rental, hiring and real estate services 1.4 1.8
Professional, scientific and technical services 3.3 6.5
Administrative and support services 2.7 3.2
Public administering and safety 5.4 6.7
Education and training 7.8 7.9
Health care and social assistance 11.1 11.9
Arts and recreation services 0.8 1.4
Other services 4.1 3.9
Total 100% 100%
Table 3 Breakdown of employment by sector, Goldstone 2014
Tourism
Tourism is relatively light year round, but during the winter
months grey nomads flock to

Goldstone for its rich mining history. The peak of tourism is
during the months of July – August,
the weakest months being December – January. The local
tourism board views the winter months
as most important to the local economy with potential for
expansion. Given the distance from any
local attractions outside of the gold mine Goldstone does
relatively well to attract the tourists to
this region. The main accommodation for tourists is the caravan
park situated adjacent to the Golf
Course in the north of town and beside the river.
Housing
In 2014, 70.6% of all households consist of one-family
households; 1.2% contained multiple family
households; 2.8% contained group households; and 24.4% lone
person households. This is mostly
consistent with Australian averages, with slightly lower rates of
multifamily and group households
than seen nationally. The gradual population rises seen in
Goldstone has meant housing has been
able to keep up with population growth such that occupancies
are consistently high. Table 4
outlines the types of occupied private dwellings by dwelling
structure for 2014.
Separate
house
Semi-
detached
Apartment Caravan Other Total
Goldstone 91.1% 1.9% 4.4% 1.8% 0.8% 100%
Table 4 Occupied private dwellings by dwelling structure,
Goldstone 2014

The relatively stable employment within the region has meant a
higher than national average of
occupants are able to own their own homes: 38.5% (cf 29%
national ownership) of occupied
private dwellings are fully owned by residents; 31.5% (cf 34.5
national average) are being
purchased; 26.5% (cf 33.2 national average) are rented
premises; and there are 0.7% of dwellings
where tenure has not been specified.
Many of the dwellings in Goldstone are one storey, constructed
over a timber frame with block or
brick external walls and metal roofs. The remainder of the roofs
in Goldstone are tiled although
many older buildings having fibro roofing. The majority of
roofs are high pitched although some
pockets contain flat roofs. There are no high rise apartments and
only a small number of visitor
accommodation constructions. A significant percentage of the
building stock is over 40 years old
and was constructed prior to the introduction of improved wind-
rated building codes. Light
industry facilities where they exist usually have steel frames
and iron roofing and cladding. Newer
buildings have fared reasonably well during major storms in
recent times. Older structures,
however, have been more susceptible to damage.
Education
Goldstone is serviced by 3 early childhood and day-care
centres, a State Primary School, Catholic
Primary School and a State High School.
There is no university located in the region, although one of the
regional universities has located a
study centre within Goldstone that caters for its distance
students in the region. Table 5 outlines
the highest level of schooling completed in Goldstone regional
area.

Year 8 or below Year 9 or 10 or
equivalent
Year 11 or 12 or
equivalent
Goldstone 10.4% 41.0% 39.3%
Table 5 Highest level of schooling completed, Goldstone 2014.
Bachelor degree
or higher
Advanced
diploma or
diploma
Certificate Persons with a
qualification
Goldstone 7.6% 6.0% 22.5% 47.8%
Table 6 Post schooling qualifications completed, Goldstone
2014.
Table 6 outlines the level of post-schooling qualifications in the
region. Somewhat more men than
women have post-schooling qualifications. This data is
displayed in Table 7.
Goldstone (%) National (%)
Males
15-24 years 30.8 33.5
25-44 years 57.1 67.4
45-64 years 55.4 63.0
65 years and older 50.4 55.3
Total Males 51.2 58.1
Females
15-24 years 35.7 35.6
25-44 years 54.0 64.5
45-64 years 45.3 50.2

65 years and older 36.2 36.9
Total Females 44.5 50.5
Table 7 Breakdown of post-schooling qualifications by age and
gender, Goldstone 2014.
Community facilities and organisations
– Child care centres, schools, and other educational facilities
including a university study
centre;
– Two nursing homes, hostels and a retirement village;
– a shopping centre;
– churches and community centre; and
– social and recreational facilities such as clubs and sporting
venues.
Transport
The size and relative isolation of Goldstone has long been seen
as an impediment to attracting
tourism and industry to the region. The Goldstone train station
and highway access are the
lifeblood of the town and greater region. The regional location
of Goldstone has contributed to a
higher than national average of car ownership. This is
associated with few public transport options
within Goldstone itself and almost no public transport in the
surrounding district. As such, the
number of vehicles per occupied private dwelling in the
Goldstone region is outlined in Table 8.
No motor
vehicles
1 motor
vehicle
2 motor
vehicles

3 or more
motor
vehicles
Total
Goldstone 4.8% 36.7% 37.6% 20.9% 100%
Table 8 Number of motor vehicles per occupied private
dwelling, Goldstone 2014.
With the gold mine’s expansion in recent decades the use of the
road system has increased, and
though this has had limited effect on local traffic it has meant
the road system has had to undergo
routine maintenance.
Internet
The level of internet connection to households in Goldstone is
slightly lower than the national
average, with 70.9% of households having either Broadband or
Dial-up connection, compared to
78.3% nationally.
Essential services
A wide range of facilities, are considered important to the local
community, at stages before,
during and after a disaster event. The loss of dislocation of
these critical facilities would greatly
impact upon the local community.
Some critical facilities, both important to the local economy and
the region, include the following:
– Police and emergency services facilities (police station;
ambulance station; fire station; and
SES);
– Medical facilities (Goldstone Hospital; one doctor’s surgery;
three pharmacies)
– Fuel storage and supply.

Critical infrastructure
Transport
Roads and bridges
The following creek crossings and roads are critical to the
operation of the state-controlled road
network. During major rain events, these crossings are likely to
be impacted by floodwaters
resulting in lengthy road closures. Other creek crossings do
flood as well, but do not often result in
lengthy outages. All of the affected roads service the mining
and agricultural industries and have
relatively high traffic volumes.
Airport
The main commercial airport for the region is the Goldstone
Airport, on the Frederick Highway,
south of the town. The airport is owned and operated by the
Goldstone Regional Council. Regular
daily commuter services operate between Goldstone and
Brisbane.
Rail
The Great Western rail line (electrified as far as Goldstone)
passes through the Council area with a
major station at Goldstone and there is a critical spur line to the
Goldstone mine, which is often
affected by floods.
Water Supply
Dams
Stewart Dam, situated on the Nogoa River, 19km upstream of
Goldstone on the Humboldt River
and is a zoned rock filled embankment dam with a central clay
core and lined with rock. The dam
was completed in 1965. The dam supplies water for the
Goldstone Irrigation Area, Goldstone Mine
and for the town water supply. The Dam was not designed as a

flood mitigation dam but does
provide a small measure of protection under normal conditions.
Treatment and reticulation
Potable water for Goldstone is sourced by pipeline from Stewart
Dam and treated at a plant
located on the south west side of town. Treated water is pumped
to a two tower reservoirs at the
north and south of the town and gravity fed through
underground trunk mains and reticulation
conduits constructed of PVC, asbestos cement and concrete-
lined iron.
Sewerage
Residents in urban Goldstone have a reticulated underground
sewerage system, properties in rural
areas have septic tank systems. A sewage treatment plant is
located on the outskirts of town to
the north.
Power
Sub transmission, Distribution and Low voltage power
reticulation from various subs, and
extensive SWER lines throughout Council area; one substation
is located in Goldstone and
numerous ground- and pole-mounted transformers are in place
throughout the region. There are
275kV and 152kV transmission lines carried on steel towers,
maintained and operated by StarLink
throughout the Council area as part of the State and National
grid. Reticulation of the power
supply is operated by Marathon Energy.
Communications
Telephone
In Goldstone, the telephone network infrastructure is primarily
constructed aboveground and is
predominantly copper wire. Testra operates one telephone
exchange in the town centre. Recent
improvements in mobile telephony systems have enabled

extended mobile telephone coverage to
some outlying areas, but many smaller settlements are still
devoid of coverage. Many isolated
rural properties rely on solar - powered telephone systems,
utilising a battery back-up, which is
vulnerable to failure in extended periods of inclement weather.
Similar problems have been
experienced with the failure of batteries and generators at
exchanges.
Television, broadcast radio and internet
The whole area is covered by broadcast radio, via ABC and
commercial radio. The area is
reasonably well served by free to air broadcast television, and
subscription satellite television is
becoming more popular in all parts of the Region. High speed
internet connection is available in
the larger centres, with wireless service available in the areas
covered by the 3G mobile
telephone network, but dial-up or satellite-based access is still
required in the more remote areas
of the Region.
Hazardous sites
The local council identifies and licences sites throughout
Goldstone, where hazardous materials,
thought to be of potential risk to the community including
flammable liquids and material as well
as bulk storage of agricultural and industrial chemicals, are
stored. The council licence premises
storing flammable and combustible liquids as defined in
AS1940, which is reviewed and updated
annually.
The mine site is located on higher ground to the west of the
town. Historical underground and
open cut workings resulted in a large pit which has, over the

years, collected approximately 5
gigalitres of highly polluted acid metalliferous drainage (AMD).
AMD is generated when sulfidic
rocks that have been brought to the surface during mining
operations are exposed to water and
oxygen in the surface environment. These sulfides react with
water and oxygen to form
sulfuric acid – which in turn dissolves extreme concentrations
of salts and metals, including
potentially copper, arsenic, nickel, cadmium, zinc, aluminium,
iron and many more. Runoff from
the mine has resulted in significant pollution in the streams to
the east of the mine. Additionally,
after several unusually heavy rainfall events out of season, the
pit is close to being full.
Otherwise, except at peak floods, the current mining resource
area lies
Town Map:

Exemplar Template 1- Risk assessment
Part A
TASK / ACTIVITY RISK ASSESSMENT FORM
What is the task/job being assessed?
Student Practicum- (NAME)
Risk Assessment Number:
(allocated when registered)
Date assessment conducted:
Site:
Team Leader:
Investigating team members:
Legislative references (such as State Legislation or Codes of
Practice):

Other references:
List of events/steps in the activity or identified hazard/s
Describe the hazard and possible risk
Risk
Inherent Risk Ranking/Score
Control measures
Risk
Residual Risk Ranking/Score
Controls Implemented?
Consequence
Likelihood
Consequence
Likelihood
Yes
No
1.
1.1
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2.
1.2

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1.3
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4.
1.4
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5.
1.5

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6.
2.1
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7.
2.2
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8.
2.3

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9.
2.4
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10.
2.5
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11.
3.1

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12.
3.2
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13.
3.3
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14.
3.4

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15.
3.5
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16.
4.1
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17.
4.2
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18.

4.3
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19.
4.4
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20.
4.5
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21.
5.1

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22.
5.2
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23.
5.3
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24.
5.4

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25.
5.5
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Note: You only need to list the top 5 risks and hazards you
have identified.
RISK MATRIX CHART AS PER AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009
RISK MANAGEMENT
An obligation holder must decide on the appropriateness of risk
treatment measures. Obligation holders must start at the top of
the hierarchy illustrated below and select measures from the
highest order possible.
Firstly try to
Eliminate the hazard.

Secondly if this is not possible the risk must be minimised by
measures considered in the following order:
·
Substituting: Substitute with a less hazardous material,
process or equipment.
·
Isolating: Isolate the hazard.
·
Redesigning: Redesign equipment or work process.
·
Administrative: Introduce administrative controls such
as policies, procedures, signs and training to reduce the hazard.
·
Personal Protective Equipment: Provide equipment or
clothing designed to protect the worker.
RISK MATRIX CHART
Likelihood
How likely could it happen
Assess the likelihood and consequences to estimate the risks
associated.
Consequences: How severely could the hazard hurt someone?
Insignificant
First Aid Injury
Minor
Medical treatment

No lost time
Moderate
Serious bodily injury requiring hospital treatment
Major
Disability or extensive bodily injury
Acute or Catastrophic
Fatality
Almost Certain
is expected to occur at most times
LOW
5
MOD
10
HIGH
15
HIGH
20
HIGH
25
Likely
will probably occur at most times
LOW
4
MOD
8
HIGH
12
HIGH
16
HIGH
20
Possible
might occur at
some time
LOW
3

MOD
6
MOD
9
HIGH
12
HIGH
15
Unlikely
could occur at
some time
LOW
2
LOW
4
MOD
6
HIGH
8
HIGH
10
Rare
may occur in rare circumstances
LOW
1
LOW
2
LOW
3
MOD
4
MOD
5
RISK ASSESSMENT CALCULATOR
The five step risk management process

Step 1 Identify the hazard / risks associated with the work
(find out what could cause harm).
Step 2 Assess and prioritise the risks (understand the nature
of the harm that could be caused by the hazard, how serious the
harm could be and the likelihood of it happening).
Step 3 Decide on risk treatment measures including risk
treatment hierarchy.
Step 4 Implement risk treatment measures to treat the risks.
Step 5 Evaluate the effectiveness of the control measures
(Electrical Safety Risk Management Code of
Practice 2010).
Legend
Hierarchy of risk controls
HIGH
HIGH RISK – Highest management decision required urgently.
ELIMINATE
SUBSTITUTE
ISOLATE
MINIMISE BY REDESIGN
ADMINISTRATE
PPE
· Treat the hazard/risk at the source.
· Replace the hazard/risk with an alternative that has a lower
risk.
· Remove or separate people from the source of the risk.
· Change the physical characteristics of the Plant or workplace
to remove or reduce the risk.

· Use policies, procedures, signs and training to treat the risk.
· Provide equipment or clothing designed to protect the worker.
MOD
Moderate risk – Follow management instructions.
LOW
Low risk – OK for now. Review if situation or procedures
change.
CQUniversity - Risk Score Calculator
Risk Assessment Action Plan
Description of the task being assessed?
Date of Assessment:
Note: List the risk assessment control measures in this section
that have not been implemented as part of the original
assessment, however these outstanding controls require the
supervisor’s action/authorisation for the task to be conducted
safely. If these control measures are not agreed to by the
supervisor then the risk task process is to be re-evaluated and
new controls agreed upon to reduce the risk to an acceptable
level.
Head of School / Supervisor sign off:
Action Plan / Item
Action By
Completion Date
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Comments:
Supervisor’s authorisation: I have reviewed the risk assessment
and agree that the risks as evaluated have been reduced to a
level that is as low as reasonably practicable.

Supervisor’s Name (Print)
Signature
Date
ORIGINAL document to be filed by the Work Unit.
Electronic Copy of the completed document to be sent to the
CQUniversity Safety Unit (Building 41/G.10) to be stored on
the CQUniversity Risk Assessment database.
Risk Assessment Recommendations and Strategy
Date of Assessment:
level.
Hazard

Recommendation and Strategy (Brief heading to unpack in Part
B below)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Comments:
Supervisor’s authorisation: I have reviewed the risk assessment
and agree that the risks as evaluated have been reduced to a
level that is as low as reasonably practicable.

Signature
Date
Note: You only need to list the top 5 risks and hazards you have
identified.
Part B
Address
Date
To: The General Manager
RE: Disaster Risk Reduction Strategies for Organisation
Example –
The following report discusses the disaster risk reduction
strategies that will assist your organisation in setting a strategic
direction to meet relevant WHS legislation and improve the
wellbeing and resilience of the organisation. I recommend and

authorise that this report be reviewed to assist in formalising
action for reducing the disaster-related hazard risk.
List your hazards and the strategies recommended to control for
these hazards, the partner organisation will want to know this
from your letter.
Kind regards,
Name
Please note: this layout below is a
suggestion only. You are free to use the structure,
including headings and subheadings that best suit you.
Please remove this message before submitting
Part B of this report must describe the strategies (plural)
targeting the
top 5 disaster hazards you identified above in your risk
assessment, i.e., floods, cyclones, bushfires, severe weather
events, etc. Give a brief description of each prevailing disaster
hazard, undertake your SWOT analysis of each hazard, and then
describe the strategies you propose for controlling each hazard.
1.1
Introduction
This document provides Assessment 1 Part A & B tips and
demonstrates how a report should look formatted in American

Psychological Association (APA) style. The Library has a guide
to APA 7th Edition referencing that you should follow for your
citations and references. Just follow the formatting and
referencing instructions.
Your first section is the introduction, which typically states the
purpose of the report/paper and what it will cover. The
introduction should be concise, generally consuming little more
than 10% of your word count.
Introduction – include a description of the assessment
questions, the chosen organisation, and how a disaster’s hazards
will impact the organisation.
1.2
Organisation Profile
Description of where the organisation is based (maps and
diagrams are useful), statistics/overview of the population
covered by the organisation), other supporting services covering
the area. Each of these can be a sub-heading in itself (see sub-
headings below for ideas).
1.2.1Community Context
1.2.2Geography
1.2.3Climate and weather
1.2.4Population
1.2.5Industry
1.3
Identification of disasters likely to impact the
area/organisation
Hazards, Emergencies and Disasters – What are hazards,
emergencies and disasters (research this and reference the
sources using CQU APA).
Hazards – what are the hazards that impact the organisation
during a disaster.
Disaster Risk Reduction – Describe it (research and reference
your sources).

1.4
Organisation Disaster Risk Assessment
Risk Assessment – Describe it and include the relevant tools for
measuring it (there are other tools that are in use other than
what I have provided here). Figures must also be referenced to a
source using the examples provided in the CQU APA
referencing guide.
1.5
Impacts/risk analysis for the organisation
Risk Identification and analysis - Prioritise your risk for further
action (this is where the risk matrix scores will be your guide).
You can put this in a table if you like. Consider doing this in
landscape, it is much easier to develop considering how many
columns you will have and much easier for me to read. Now you
can put a column in for strategies/recommendations.
1.6
Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction Strategies (based
on analysis/organisational capacity)
1.6.1
Strategies for identified Hazard 1 (Format as landscape
if needed)

Note: You only need to write about the top 5 risks and hazards
you have identified in Part A.
Strategies
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
Strategies for identified Hazard 2
Strategies
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats

Strategies
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats

Strategies
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
1.7 Conclusion
Your conclusion should be no more than 5% of your total word

count; it is a brief summary, this is what I said, and as it
introduces nothing new, it should have no citations. Remember,
you are saying what you have said, not reporting others’
findings anymore. Briefly, i.e. one to two paragraphs, describe
the importance of this risk assessment to the organisation, what
you have achieved and what the information can be used
towards assisting your partner organisation in the event of a
disaster.
After the conclusion comes the reference list, which must start
on a new page, the reference list must be strictly alphabetised
and formatted per APA 7th Edition. Consider using an
electronic referencing program if you are not already
(Mendeley, Endnote).
References
Poor grammar and spelling can be avoided with new apps like
Grammarly, so consider these as you are permitted to use these
for academic writing.
Exemplar Template 2- Risk Reduction strategy:
Student details
Community-Based Organisation details
Name:
Shannon Delport
Name:
Goldstone
Student number:
123456789
Address:
Goldstone Road
Contact telephone:
123456789
Contact telephone:
987654321

Email:
[email protected]
Representative’s name:
Shannon Delport
Representative’s position/role:
Head of Human Resources, Supervisor
During this partnership, I agree to act in an ethical manner at all
times, in accordance with the rules of the partner organisation.
If advised that any particular information is privileged, I agree
to maintain confidentiality of that information. I understand
that the partner organisation is in no way required to implement
any of the strategies I recommend.
I confirm that I am eligible to represent my organisation. I
agree to provide information to the student about relevant facets
of the organisation to assess disaster risks and develop
appropriate risk reduction strategies. I understand that my
organisation is in no way required to implement any of the
recommended strategies.
Student signature:
S Delport
Representative signature:
S Delport
Date: 24/06/2022
Date: 24/06/2022
DSMG29001 Disaster Risk Reduction
TASK / ACTIVITY RISK ASSESSMENT FORM
What is the task/job being assessed?
Risk Assessment
Risk Assessment Number:

(allocated when registered)
123
Date assessment conducted:
[Date]
Site:
Goldstone
Team Leader:
[Name, Title]
Investigating team members:
[Name, Title i.e. persons identifying these hazards]
Legislative references (such as State Legislation or Codes of
Practice):
Workplace Health & Safety Act 2011
Other references:
[e.g. Position description, Competencies documents, procedures
manuals, Handbooks, etc.]
List of events/steps in the activity or identified hazard/s
Describe the hazard and possible risk
Risk
Inherent Risk Ranking/Score
Control measures
Risk
Residual Risk Ranking/Score
Controls Implemented?
Consequence
Likelihood
Consequence
Likelihood
Yes

No
26. Fall/trips
1.1 Fall or trip due to foot being in foot brace (recent injury)
with limited range of motion/weakened muscles
Moderate
Possible
9
Take care & slow down looking for possible trip or fall hazards
Take ramp not steps where possible
Avoid water areas, look for wet floor signs
Minor
Unlikely
4
YES
|_|
27. Travel
2.1 Injury in car accident to either self or client
Acute
Possible
15
Drive with due care & attention
Not going with client during travel
Acute
Unlikely
10
YES
|_|
28. Emotional Impact from conversation/involvement with
clients/staff
3.1 Depression/anxiety or emotional upset
Minor
Possible
6

Talk to staff or chaplain if needed
Staff assistant program
Insignificant
Unlikely
2
Yes
|_|
29. RSI from excessive hand massage to clients
4.1 RSI injury, agitation of previous RSI injury
Minor
Unlikely
4
Limit hand massages given to clients
Appropriate warm up of hand muscles
Rest periods
Insignificant
Rare
1
YES
|_|
30. Injury to self or client with manual handling technique
5.1 Body injury to self or client due to various incorrect
manual handling, wheelchair use or transfer technique
Major
Possible
12
Manual handling training including wheelchair
operation/maintenance & transfer technique
Extra and regular updated training as needed

Not doing manual handling while in foot brace to prevent
possible injury
Seeking assistance from staff when needed for various manual
handling tasks
Insignificant
Rare
1
YES
|_|
31. Illness/infection transfer between staff/volunteers/clients
6.1 Spread of infection/other contaminants
Acute
Possible
15
Vaccinations up to date
Hand hygiene training
Apply correct personal hygiene techniques
Use PPE if appropriate
Nutrition
Moderate
Possible
9
YES
|_|
risk assessment form- student practicum Page 2 of 8
Updated: 25 June 2013
RISK MATRIX CHART AS PER AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009
RISK MANAGEMENT
An obligation holder must decide on the appropriateness of risk

treatment measures. Obligation holders must start at the top of
the hierarchy illustrated below and select measures from the
highest order possible.
Firstly try to
Eliminate the hazard.
Secondly if this is not possible the risk must be minimised by
measures considered in the following order:
·
Substituting: Substitute with a less hazardous material,
process or equipment.
·
Isolating: Isolate the hazard.
·
Redesigning: Redesign equipment or work process.
·
Administrative: Introduce administrative controls such
as policies, procedures, signs and training to reduce the hazard.
·
Personal Protective Equipment: Provide equipment or
clothing designed to protect the worker.
RISK MATRIX CHART
Likelihood
How likely could it happen
Assess the likelihood and consequences to estimate the risks
associated.
Consequences: How severely could the hazard hurt someone?

Insignificant
First Aid Injury
Minor
Medical treatment
No lost time
Moderate
Serious bodily injury requiring hospital treatment
Major
Disability or extensive bodily injury
Acute or Catastrophic
Fatality
Almost Certain
is expected to occur at most times
LOW
5
MOD
10
HIGH
15
HIGH
20
HIGH
25
Likely
will probably occur at most times
LOW
4
MOD
8
HIGH
12
HIGH
16
HIGH

20
Possible
might occur at
some time
LOW
3
MOD
6
MOD
9
HIGH
12
HIGH
15
Unlikely
could occur at
some time
LOW
2
LOW
4
MOD
6
HIGH
8
HIGH
10
Rare
may occur in rare circumstances
LOW
1
LOW
2
LOW
3
MOD

4
MOD
5
RISK ASSESSMENT CALCULATOR
The five step risk management process
Step 1 Identify the hazard / risks associated with the work
(find out what could cause harm).
Step 2 Assess and prioritise the risks (understand the nature
of the harm that could be caused by the hazard, how serious the
harm could be and the likelihood of it happening).
Step 3 Decide on risk treatment measures including risk
treatment hierarchy.
Step 4 Implement risk treatment measures to treat the risks.
Step 5 Evaluate the effectiveness of the control measures
(Electrical Safety Risk Management Code of
Practice 2010).
Legend
Hierarchy of risk controls
HIGH
HIGH RISK – Highest management decision required urgently.

ELIMINATE
SUBSTITUTE
ISOLATE
MINIMISE BY REDESIGN
ADMINISTRATE
PPE
· Treat the hazard/risk at the source.
· Replace the hazard/risk with an alternative that has a lower
risk.
· Remove or separate people from the source of the risk.
· Change the physical characteristics of the Plant or workplace
to remove or reduce the risk.
· Use policies, procedures, signs and training to treat the risk.
· Provide equipment or clothing designed to protect the worker.
MOD
Moderate risk – Follow management instructions.
LOW
Low risk – OK for now. Review if situation or procedures
change.
CQUniversity - Risk Score Calculator
Risk Assessment Action Plan
Activities involved in Individual companionship.
Date of Assessment:

level.
Action Plan / Item
Action By
Completion Date
9. Didn’t supply vaccination history.
Written request
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

15.
16.
Comments:
Supervisor’s authorisation: Risk assessment reviewed and
believe that the risks as evaluated have been reduced to a level
that is as low as reasonably practicable.
Signed copy previously emailed
[Date]
Signature
Date

risk assessment form- student practicum Page 8 of 8
Updated: 25 June 2013
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Poster Presentation
· One slide for pictures and brief details
· Second slide for detailed explanation
· Please use the given template as an example for the poster.
Topic: Northern California Wildfires October 2017

Example Template for the poster:
image3.png
image1.png
image2.png
Assessment 3: Forum Posts and Responses
This is an
INDIVIDUAL assessment. In Weeks 2-6 you will be
required to submit a discussion forum post of 150-200 words in
relation to a specific question posed for each week. You are
also required to comment on someone else's post between 50-
100 words. You may post as many responses and comments as
you please. The more, the merrier. These questions are:
1. Why have individual behaviour change approaches to public
health dominated over the past 50 years and what have been the
consequences on this domination for those who work from a
communitarian basis such as First Nations Peoples?
2. How has complex adaptive thinking influenced public health
intervention planning?
3. Can complex social/public health project initiatives be
effectively modeled with a single logic model? Why or why
not? Considering First Nations Peoples, how would you
approach a task like this?

4. A community development approach is an effective approach
when working with First Nations people to plan and implement
Public Health interventions partly because it ensures that the
communities have ownership and oversight of decisions
regarding the public health intervention. Reflecting on unit
content and other literature, why are ownership and oversight of
decisions important factors in ensuring the success of
interventions in these communities?
5. Critical realism influences project planning, implementation
and evaluation, describe how it influences healthy setting
approaches to Public Health?
For this assessment, you will need to copy your best responses
(one of your responses and one of of your comments)[For the
comment you are responding to include:
your classmate’s name] for each of these SIX questions in ONE
document. This one document should include:
I have uploaded 5 separate files of questions answer 1 to 5 from
other classmates to reply to their responses
Your response to the questions 1,2,3,4 & 5.
For questions 1,2,3,4,5 & 6, someone else's post and your
comment to that post. For more information please look
here.
***DUE WEEK 6, 23 December 2022 ***
The marking rubric can be found
here.
Re: Week 5 Question 4
by
Mansi Umeshkumar Sharma - Friday, 2 December 2022,
7:44 AM

Community development is a profoundly strategic approach for
improving First Nations people. This gives dynamic groups an
opportunity to successfully express their ownership of their
community.
The social circumstances of the First Nations population are
impacted by the erosion of social values, inequities, racism, and
discrimination, which has a negative impact on their health.
Therefore, if a health intervention programme is not carefully
monitored in such areas, it may not be productive. The
identification of community needs, adaptation to those needs,
and modification of the policy to give an improved service
option to the target respondents are all aided by ownership and
supervision of decisions, which are essential elements in
guaranteeing the successfulness of interventions in these
communities (Kruk et al., 2018). It provides the opportunity for
service providers to adapt to different cultural norms and ensure
that cultural awareness influences workforce hiring, retraining,
and performance (Javanparast et al., 2018). Thus, ownership and
oversight of the decision-making process aids in achieving
diverse goals in a wide range of healthcare settings with the
essential, beneficial purpose of enhancing treatment availability
for disadvantaged communities.
References
Kruk, M.E., Gage, A.D., Arsenault, C., Jordan, K., Leslie, H.H.,
Roder-DeWan, S., Adeyi, O., Barker, P., Daelmans, B.,
Doubova, S.V. and English, M., 2018. High-quality health
systems in the Sustainable Development Goals era: time for a
revolution. The Lancet global health, 6(11), pp.e1196-e1252.

Javanparast, S., Windle, A., Freeman, T. and Baum, F., 2018.
Community health worker programs to improve healthcare
access and equity: are they only relevant to low-and middle-
income countries?. International Journal of Health Policy and
Management, 7(10), p.943.
PermalinkShow parentReply
by
Sharankumar Balabadra - Tuesday, 13 December 2022,
11:51 AM
Critical realism is a philosophical approach that emphasizes the
importance of considering the underlying structures and
mechanisms that shape social phenomena, including public
health approaches to promoting healthy settings. In the context
of public health, critical realism can influence project planning,
implementation, and evaluation by promoting a more nuanced
and evidence-based understanding of the factors that contribute
to health outcomes in different populations and settings.
One key way that critical realism can influence healthy setting
approaches to public health is by encouraging a more
comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to understanding
and addressing health challenges. By considering the social,
economic, political, and environmental factors that contribute to
health outcomes, critical realism can help public health
practitioners and policymakers to develop more effective
interventions that address the root causes of health problems,
rather than just treating the symptoms.
Another important way that critical realism can influence
healthy setting approaches to public health is by promoting a
more transparent and accountable approach to decision-making.

By emphasizing the need to carefully assess the evidence and
consider the potential consequences of different actions, critical
realism can help public health practitioners and policymakers to
make more informed and responsible decisions that are more
likely to lead to positive health outcomes.
Overall, critical realism can play a valuable role in promoting
healthy setting approaches to public health by encouraging a
more holistic, evidence-based, and accountable approach to
addressing health challenges. By taking into account the
complex social and environmental factors that shape health
outcomes, critical realism can help to guide the development of
more effective interventions and policies that can improve the
health of communities and populations.
by
Naveen ALA - Sunday, 4 December 2022, 10:19 AM
The single logic model can change view of entire project of
public health because it could be the most effective way to
involve the society and run them to maintain a good health
condition and also making a healthy society. Where as many
individuals in the society not have any aware ness how to
maintain a good health, by knowing them benefits in a logical
way can make society healthy .For example following traffic
rules strictly can make our society accident free , as it is one of
the complex social health as implementing some rewards to
people who helps society to make it healthy, so people show
interest in participating.
where as single logical model Annalise the benefits and
drawbacks of the public health project can change the entire

structure of the project, the first nation also have an observation
on the society and their health they gather information and
make group and discuss about project and outcome with a good
idea to the entire structure of the project .
But, the application of single logic model in the public health
project has a low rate of success in a complex way as it is
compared with different or multiple logic model in our society.
it requires many changes that are done by the first nation
people, so the theme of the first nation people is to discuss in
group and out come with different thought of each person and
finalize the multiple logic models.
by
Sana Abdul Sattar - Sunday, 4 December 2022, 5:11 PM
Complex adaptive systems thinking is an approach that
challenges simple assumptions of cause and effect and instead
views health care and other systems as a dynamic process. One
in which the interactions and relationships of various
components simultaneously affect and are shaped by the system.
The complex adaptive systems lens suggests substitute
approaches that better reflect health systems' complex and
changing nature and fabricate different opportunities to
acknowledge and evolve health services. Understanding the
complex phenomena of adaptive systems such as path
dependence, emergent behavior, scale-free networks, feedback
loops, and phase transitions is important for better planning,
implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of implementation
approaches. Across health services. The growing number of
publications on public health, using some aspects of complex
adaptive systems, has been applied in epidemiology to the study

of unpredictable diseases such as cancer (Bell and Koithan
2006), HIV/AIDS (Perrin et al. 2010) or influenza and other
infectious diseases (Longini et al. 2007; Epstein 2009; Hooten
et al. 2010; Perlroth et al. 2010). Some studies also use complex
adaptive systems theories to describe and explain the effects of
the physical, social and economic environment on health.
188 words
Re:PBHL20004_2223:Week 2 Question 1
by Mei-Lan Liu
I agree with you on this issue. It is totally different between the
health issues 50 years ago and those after 50 years. Nowadays,
cancer and many chronic diseases such as cardiovascular
diseases have become the consistent threat for those in
developed countries. People often have to work for long hours
and face fierce competition.As a
result, they tend to have high risks of having physical and
mental disorders. in my own country, Taiwan, cerebrovascular
and hypertension related diseases like strokes
have ranked in the top 10 causes of peoples' death in recent
years. Strokes have led to a heavy burden of family as well as
society. Depression and other psychological
disorders also become the hot issue that needs more community
support in addition to family care. Like WHO defines the health
as "complete state of physical, mental and
social well-being, and not merely the absence of diseases" from
the person mentioned above, long-term care service has been the
popular issue of public health in Taiwan. It cooperates
healthcare system and community to form a broad social
network that includes hospitals, local long-term care health
centers, home care organizations, care givers, social workers,
community team members, non-profit organizations. etc.
Peoples heath is not limited to the recovery of
diseases.Moreover, it expands to society

and even global concern. Climate change, global warming and
many natural disasters like flooding have been the major and
emergency issues of global public health that need international
efforts to support and make efficient strategies to resolve these
global.

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