Advertisements That Glorify Violence Against Women

Advertisements that Glorify Violence Against Women
Advertisers have countless subtle ways of presenting advertisements to sell products, but a lot of
these advertisements may go way beyond the selling of products. Advertisements with regard to
violent sexual scenes against women may actually be sending subliminal messages that violence is
okay. Looking at these advertisements, it is not hard to see that there is a deeper meaning behind
them than to just sell a product. With Sexual and violent Advertisements we may even be able to
make the statement that rape, sexual assault and violence is alive and thriving in our society.
Americans along with Europeans are being desensitized by the vast amount of violent
advertisements. Advertisements that convey startling portrayals of women being ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Unfortunately, a few angry viewers will not stop advertisers from using violent advertisements to
sell their products. In this next advertisement the viewer is shown the aftermath of what looks to be
a woman who was assaulted. A Victim of beauty shows a shocking glamorization of domestic abuse
that was shown in a Bulgarian magazine 12. The magazine sells clothing from H&M, Label and
Capasca. This startling image shows a woman in a red top with red lips, her hair and makeup done
to perfection while sporting a single black eye. Have advertisers in our society really lowered its
values to the emotional sadness of seeing victims of abuse just to sell clothing? The lower caption in
the ad translates from Bulgarian to, "Recommended Parental Controls: pictures are not
recommended for persons under 16 years. And for the faint hearted" ( ).This seems to challenge the
notion that only viewer who are too young to understand or people with heart problems will be
affected by viewing this image. Controversially, all people with a heart should be disturbed by this
image. Was the intention of the magazine to glamorize domestic violence or was it that being
beautiful is painful? Either way, seeing a black eye on a woman shows the obvious after effect of
violence that can invoke rage, fear and empathy in all people. The color red that is usually seen as a
powerful color, no longer exudes a strong and
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Gender Based Violence Against Women
GENDER BASED VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN: A CLOSER LOOK AT INDIA'S RAPE
PROBLEM
Background
When the sex of a girl or a woman drives the infliction of violence towards them, it is regarded as a
form of gender based violence (Heise et al., 2002). Violence against women, regardless of the form,
can occur in various stages of the woman's life (Murthy and Smith, 2010), and refers not only to
physical and sexual acts of violence, but also encompasses verbal abuse, emotional torture,
economic deprivation, and social disregard (Kapoor and Dhingra, 2013).
An official report by the World Health Organization estimates that globally, 1 in 3 women are
affected by physical and/or sexual violence by a partner and sexual violence by a non–partner, and
therefore deeming the issue as a global pandemic that require attention of all stakeholders.
Regionally, violence against women in South–East Asia is highest with a 37.7% prevalent rate, a
slightly higher number compared to the Eastern Mediterranean (37%) and African (36.6%) region
(World Health Organization, 2013).
Out of all forms of violence against women, rape is one of the most common and is also one the
most harshest. Rape is traditionally defined as any forced sexual intercourse without one's consent.
However, it has been extended now to other forms of contact involving sexual organs that is against
one's will (Ellis, 1991). Because a majority of rape cases involve a male perpetrator and a female
victim, it is considered a gender based

Violence And Sexual Assault And Violence Against Women
Intro–
Throughout history especially within recent years there has been a major rise of sexual assault and
violence against women. This is prevalent within college campuses, within work, the military,
within family households and nearly all parts of society there is no getting away from it. It is truly a
shame and a wretched part of society. However, this needs to be brought to light. This can no longer
be avoided and society needs to come together as a whole, in order to stop this. Throughout this
essay we are going to go over the statistical background of violence and sexual assault towards
women, sexual assault on college campuses, the emotional abuse of those affected, and why Victims
don't come forward. Then a step–by–step breakdown of how we can rid society from these
unacceptable acts of violence and sexual assault towards woman. Before exploring the deeper
aspects of violence and sexual assault towards woman, it's important to have a historical foundation
and statistics.
Background –statistics
Within the United states the National Sexual violation and resource center has conducted in–depth
statistics pertaining to sexual violence. These Statistics indicate that one in five woman will be
raped within their life time(NSVRC). If this isn't evident enough that that our society is having a
major problem, then compare it to one in 71 men are raped at some point in their life(NSVRC).
Although many of us believe that within our own sanctuaries at home and at work that they

History Of Domestic Violence Against Women
Violence against women has existed for centuries and women experience violence in many setting;
however, domestic violence is the most prevalent. Abela and Walker (2014) explain that the
women's right movement took place because women were maltreated and oppressed (78). They state
that the victimization of women was the reason why the second wave of the feminist movement
arose. They also explain that during this time, laws in the Untied States allow men to hit their wives
(Abela & Walker 79). Women from different cultures and different economic status have been
victims of domestic violence. In this paper, I will focus on domestic violence against women from
different cultures. I will present information about the history of domestic violence ... Show more
Lindsey also states that women who are low income and those who are unemployed tend to be the
ones more affected by domestic violence (307). Furthermore, Muro and Mein state that Hispanic
women tend to experience domestic violence in a high rate; culture plays a big part in violence
against women. Lindsey explains that women from African American descents are more exposed to
domestic violence than white women. Furthermore, Lindsey declares that wife battering is not taken
as a serious situation because it is believed to be part of a marriage life (307). She also explains that
domestic violence is not only physical, but also sexual and emotional abuse (307). According to
Lindsey, back in history, the "rule of thumb" allowed men to "bit his wife if she answer back to him"
(p 307). Furthermore, Lindsey declares that many women are being rape by their partners, but they
do not report it because there is no way to prove it (307). She also states that domestic abuse is the
main cause of injury in women in the United States (307). In addition, "one–third of all women who
are murdered die in the hands of husbands and boyfriends" (307). As we can see, Domestic violence
does not discriminate against culture or social status. Women from different ethnic groups
experience domestic violence. For example, Few relate a case of a 43 year old Black woman who
was beaten by her husband until her head was swollen. Few explains that this woman was afraid to
die because she was unrecognizable by the beating her husband has done to her. She called the
police, and was another woman who was able to escape from her abusive husband, but she end with
some mental and physical

Domestic Violence And Violence Against Women
Introduction "Domestic violence is a type of abuse by one or both partners in marriage, friends,
family, dating or cohabitation" (Aziz & Mahmoud, 2010). There are many forms of abuse from
verbal and emotional to physical that often escalates over time in intensity for the victim. Data from
the criminal justice system, hospital patient medical records and mental health records, police
reports, surveys and social services reports of thousands of women revealed that many are injured
and killed as a result of violence from someone close to them. "The US Office on Violence Against
Women (OVW) defines domestic violence as a pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that
is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner
regardless of race, age, sexual orientation, religion, or gender" (Robertson & Murachver, 2009).
Researchers and the criminal justice system have not been able to agree on a clear definition to
domestic violence which can range from physical injury, stalking, verbal abuse and humiliation,
denial of shelter and access to money, and intimidation through aggressive behaviors. The definition
of domestic violence may vary but the results from physical injury, mental and emotional trauma,
and sometimes even death can last a life time. Domestic violence became a realization and a serious
concern in the mid 1970's for many Americans. "This realization is due to the women advocating on
behalf of the battered women movement"

Domestic Violence Against Women And Girls
"Denmark will continue its work to ensure fundamental human rights, to support and help survivors
of violence, to explain why violence against women and girls is not acceptable, and to ensure that
perpetrators are prosecuted and punished." This was spoken by the Minister for Equality and
Ecclesiastical Affairs and the Minister for Development Cooperation in Denmark. The country of
Denmark is a small nation that faces the problem of domestic violence. To comprehend the issue of
domestic violence against women in Denmark, it is important to understand the background of the
country.
First and foremost, Denmark is located on a peninsula north of Germany and borders the Baltic and
the North Seas. Denmark, smaller than Vermont and New Hampshire combined, is quoted by many
as the happiest country around.
As a further matter, the government's constitution was finalized on June 5th, 1953. They are under is
called a constitutional monarchy. They have their queen, who represents the executive branch, the
prime minister who is the head of the government, and the cabinet. In the legislature, there is
"unicameral parliament, also known as Folketing, and lastly, the supreme court who represents the
judicial branch. The political parties they have are called Venstre who would be known in the United
States as the liberals, Social Democratic, Konservative, Socialist People's, Social Liberal, Unity
List, Danish People's and lastly the New Alliance. To vote in Denmark, you must be eighteen

Afghanistan's Violence Against Women
Jaleea West
Being a woman in Afghanistan has to be one of the most difficult things in the world to be. Why
would you not want to be anything than what you were meant to be? I'll tell you why, mistreatment,
rape, being beaten, disrespected, and treated like you are nothing, being a woman should never
mean being less than a human being.
The violence toward women in Afghanistan is only growing, a U.N. report stated that there has
recently been an increase in violence and mistreatment toward women. In 2012, there were more
than 300 girls brutally killed and 560 injured by their husbands or parents. Wow. Those numbers are
pretty ridiculous. Woman are killed for nothing, completely innocent. Comparing this to America
there would have been consequences taken place to ensure safety in our country: charges filed,
prison time, or even death penalties to name a few, especially concerning young girls and women.
Something so simple that we in America are granted like having a say so in your life could cause
you to lose it in Afghanistan. Could you imagine someone setting rules for you to follow 24 hours a
day, 7 days a week, and if the smallest thing goes wrong, your life is over? I cannot. ... Show more
Afghan women suffer from the highest levels of maternal mortality in the world (death of a woman
while pregnant), this is a huge problem that needs to go public and overcame. In addition to that, on
average women from afghanistan have six children. Health Care surveys in Afghanistan have
revealed that more than 30 to 40 per cent of the population does not have access to health care; even
if they could provide the health services they are not accessible to women in rural areas and poor
women. These conditions have gotten out of hand and something needs to be done about it,
everyone should receive the proper health

The Issue Of Violence Against Women
'Will it be believed, a hundred years hence that such a state of things existed.' (Lawson, 1891) These
are the words of Louisa Lawson speaking out about the criminal abuse inflicted onto women within
their own homes. Sadly, over one hundred years on, violence perpetuated onto women unfortunately
continues to exist; causing for women and children in our advanced society to continue living in fear
within their own homes. For some, this violence may ultimately lead to their death.
There are numerous factors and reasons as to why violence against women is still an issue in
modern society; more specifically, within Australia. Including the Australian government, many
nations' governments are currently working through how this concerning issue can be prevented.
For this particular project, the aim to research these key ideas, thus concluding what ways the issue
of violence against women can be prevented in Australia.
2. What constitutes as violence against women:
Firstly, in order to be able to prevent violence against women in Australia, it is crucial that we are
able to understand what it really is. Oxford's online dictionary defines violence as behaviour
involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something. However,
numerous sources used for research explained that that violence against women cannot necessarily
be defined as physical abuse, but can also be constituted as physical, emotional, verbal,
psychological, sexual and financial abuse.

Definition Of Violence Against Women Essay
According to the World Health Organization, The United Nations defines violence against women
as "any act of gender–based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or
mental harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation
of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life ("WHO Fact Sheet," 2016, para. 1)." There
are many terms used to describe violence. The term domestic violence usually refers to interpersonal
violence in a domestic setting such as family or intimate relationships. This can occur between man
and woman, parent and child, siblings and same sex partners (Flood & Fergus, n.d). There are nine
different types of violence perpetrated against women. These include physical, sexual, emotional,
psychological, verbal, spiritual, cultural, financial and abuse ("Violence prevention initiative,"
2015). Violence against women can happen anywhere such as in the home, the work place, at
school, in jails and prisons, in stores, in medical facilities and even in churches or places of worship.
There is no place that is exempt from violence as you expect there should be. Domestic violence
affects people of all race, religion, financial backgrounds and educational levels ("US Department of
Justice," 2016). Young children who experience domestic violence in their lives are more likely to
be abusive in their own relationships, but most do not (Flood & Fergus, n.d).
Domestic violence has a huge impact

Violence Against Women Act (VAWA)
Is the policy workable? In certain respects, the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) is indeed
workable and achieves some of its intended goals. VAWA was originally designed to make
communities and homes safer for women, as well as to protect women's civil rights. According to
Modi, Palmer, and Armstrong (2014), since the implementation of VAWA in 1994, the rate of
domestic violence directed towards women declined by 53% between 1993 and 2008. The overall
estimated number of victims of intimate partner violence in the U.S dropped immensely, from 2.4
million in 1994 to 907,000 in 2010 (Modi, Palmer & Armstrong, 2014). To remain sustainable,
VAWA (2013) continues to provide grant funding for programs that aim to reduce and prevent
domestic violence, sexual assault, and rape. VAWA (2013) also aims to fund culturally and
linguistically relevant services. One of the major provisions of VAWA (2013) includes improved
protections for immigrant victims by strengthening the International Marriage Broker Regulation
Act of 2005 (Civic Impulse, 2015). Unfortunately, as with every policy, VAWA (2013) has several
flaws that must be addressed. For instance, U visas, which give immigrant ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In 2012, VAWA was not re–authorized because its provisions generated disagreement in congress
(Modi, Palmer & Armstrong, 2014). Several organizations were in opposition of VAWA (2012) and
are against the provisions of VAWA (2013) as well. These organizations include, Independent
Women's Forum, Freedom Works, Concerned Women for America and The Heritage Foundation.
According to Newman (2013), Senator Grassley opposed the goals of VAWA (2013), suggesting that
VAWA is not supposed to expand immigration law or provide provisions for those who arrive to the
U.S unlawfully. This may increase or promote anti–immigration sentiments in the

The White Ribbon : Violence Against Women
Many women are experiencing violence against them, whether it be physical, mental, or verbal.
According to Kirk, Terry, Lokuge, and Watterson, "Violence against women (VAW) is a major issue
worldwide, with an estimated 35% of women, or roughly 1 in 3, experiencing either physical and/or
sexual intimate partner violence or non–partner sexual violence in their lifetime" (p. 2). There have
been many groups that have been created to combat violence against women. The group I will be
focusing on is White Ribbon group. The White Ribbon are the defenders of women. The White
Ribbon has created the world's largest movement of men and boys who share a few common goals.
Those goals are ending violence against women and girls, promoting gender equity, building healthy
relationships, and redefining society's view of masculinity. According to the White Ribbon website,
in 1991, they asked supporters to wear white ribbons, signifying their pledge to the group. Each
member had to pledge to never commit, condone, or remain silent about violence against women
and girls (whiteribbon.ca). Their vision is to change the current definition of masculinity into one
that symbolizes the best qualities of not just being a man, but by being human. "Men are part of the
solution and part of a future that is safe and equitable for all people," says the White Ribbon. This
website, based in Canada, addresses violence against women and girls. The layout of the website is
fairly simple to navigate. On the

Domestic Violence Against Women And Children
Women aren't the only victims of domestic violence. Society must recognise, support and protect all
victims of domestic violence.
Good morning everyone.
Victoria's CSA chief statistician Fiona Dowsley states domestic violence reports in Victoria have
topped 70,000 cases in the last year. With these results it would be assumed that they would be
directly related to women. Since the recent illegalisation of domestic violence results show that
women and children aren't the only victims.
Domestic violence is an issue that has been around for centuries, but in the effort to eliminate
violence against women and children, many other victims of domestic violence have been
overlooked and/or forgotten. During my dad's time in the police, they averaged around 26 domestic
violence calls a day.
Domestic violence against people other than women isn't as uncommon as you may have thought,
think about this; one in six men have experienced domestic abuse since the age of 16, this is
equivalent to an estimated 2.6 million male victims, victims that the media doesn't give the
recognition that they need in order to receive help and protection and eliminate stigma.
In Mildura there are two shelters for female victims of domestic violence. If a male victim decides
to leave their home for their own safety the nearest men's shelters are in Adelaide or Melbourne.
This is at least a 4 hour car trip to seek help, help that should be provided locally. Even though they
too are victims their needs are

The Violence Against Women Act (1919)
Violence against women is "any act of gender–based violence that results in, or is likely to result in,
physical, sexual or mental harm or suffering to women". The violence against women could be
considered to always be an issue since from the beginning women were lower than men. But over
time it got worse and men could beat and just overall control women and it all goes unpunished. Its
impact can be physical, sexual and cause mental issues for women and girls, even including death.
In the US, women started to work outside of the house and began to be taken seriously and as a
result, in 1919, the women's voting act let women have the right to vote and have equality for
women. The Violence Against Women Act was also a major law that helps

Violence Against Women 's Violence
Violence Against Women
Women have always been thought of as the weaker sex. Women have been through a lot through the
ages and we have come a long way. From just being seen as someone to cook and clean and look
after the children, women are now running billion dollar companies, and running for president.
However, violence towards women is still a worldwide problem. While not all violence is directed
at women, they share the brunt of violence through physical, emotional and even financial means.
Physical Violence
When we think of violence the first thing that comes to mind is to harm someone through physical
means. All women regardless of age, class, ethnicity, sexual orientation, etc. are subject to male
violence. From a low–income mom ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Emotional abuse endured in one relationship can prevent a woman from ever wanting to be
vulnerable in a relationship again. Walls are built up in order to avoid emotional attachment. It takes
a special man to come in and with time and patience bring them down, only once complete trust and
understanding has taken place. Even once a woman may become free of her abuser stalking is real
and can wreak havoc for her. Imagine not being able to go to the grocery store without having to
watch behind your shoulder each step of the way. Or having to sleep with one eye open, never quite
letting yourself relax. "Many women are criminally harassed by partners, since violence by an
intimate partner does not necessarily end when the relationship ends" (Rosenberg & Duffy, 2010,
p.171). The emotional turmoil for a woman and her children is undeniable and no one can live like
this. A co–worker was in a relationship like this, she was constantly watching for him as she drove
home, or went out for the night with a friend. If he saw her she would be bombarded with text
messages accusing her of anything he could think of. When it was him who had been unfaithful in
the relationship and moved out with the next door neighbor. Even so he had control issues and he
didn't want her, but he didn't want anyone else to have her either. They have two young
impressionable daughters and they have seen

The Violence Against Women Act
Introduction
Intimate Partner Violence is a serious public health problem in the United States. On average, 24
people every minute, and 3 in 10 women and 1 in 10 men are victim to some form of rape, physical
violence, or stalking by an intimate partner (CDC). Victims of IPV may suffer from a variety of
different physical and psychological symptoms. They may suffer physical injuries, some minor, like
cuts, scratches and bruises, and some more serious, that can lead to disability or death. They may
also suffer from emotional harm, leading to depression, anxiety or PTSD. Victims of IPV may also
try and cope with their trauma in unhealthy ways, such as participating in risky sex or substance
abuse (CDC). In order to help address this crises, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1995, the Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) was created within the Department of
Justice to oversee the allocation of federal grants made available under VAWA. These grants were
intended to prevent domestic violence, improve collaboration between law enforcement and judicial
personal, and better address the needs of special populations such as the elderly and the disabled. In
total, the OVW has authorized over 5 billion dollars in grants to state, local governments, non–profit
organizations and universities (Sacco, 2014).
Since its initial passage in 1994, VAWA has been amended and reauthorized several times. In 2000,
VAWA added stricter federal domestic violence and stealing penalties and introduced protection
policy for abused illegal immigrants. In 2005, further enhanced penalties for repeat stalking
offenders and additional protection for battered illegal immigrants were included in the
reauthorization. And in 2013, VAWA was again reauthorized and enhanced measures were put into
place to combat sex trafficking.
Criticisms of VAWA
In an analysis of the effectiveness of VAWA, there are both arguments to be made in favor and
against its continued reauthorization. There are five primary criticisms of VAWA.
1)
Opponents of VAWA argue that the act makes law

Forms Of Violence Against Women
Forms of Violence Against Women
Introduction
In Pakistan, women live in a confined world that is structured by family, tribal, and religious
customs. As such, women are subjected to not only violence but also discrimination on a daily basis.
This has been brought about by the interpretation of Islam, the main religion in the country, which
views women as persons needing maximum protection. This consequently leads to their oppression
emotionally, physically, and mentally. They face various forms of discrimination, inequality, and
violence in almost each and every aspect of life.
In Pakistan, brutality on females is not conceived as a dangerous, grave violation of human rights.
Instead, it is regarded as one of the many normal aspects of life. Pakistani women live in fear since
they are expected to remain obedient and submissive to social traditions and norms. Most of the
cases of ferocity that are directed towards women take place in homes, workplaces, and political
podiums. Based on the above situation, this paper identifies and discusses exhaustively different
forms and causes of viciousness against women in Pakistan. It also examines some of the
widespread impacts of the same to the victims, society, and country at large. Finally, it explores the
immediate possible remedies and lasting solutions to this problem.
Firstly, violence against women takes different dimensions. In other words, there are many forms of
violence and discrimination against women and girls which

Intimate Partner Violence Against Women
Introduction This section will discuss the topic intimate partner violence against women as
discussed by other scholars and authors. Various books will be analyzed to understand the topic
better. The section will also explain the main issues independently analyzing different literature and
will also discuss the similarities and differences. The issue has emanated a lot of public concern as
more young women continue to suffer in silence with the fear of speaking out against their partners.
Some women, however, are courageous and have opted to speak about the issue in public without
fear of being judged or criticized. Careful analysis of the different books will help to determine the
different perspectives that different authors understand ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Children who are particularly exposed to intimate partner violence since birth tend to practice it
more than those that experience it occasionally. Low self–esteem can also be a cause that leads to
IPV. Some people feel that they are looked down upon, and they find violence as the only means
that they can show domination. They use violence to oppress others and make them feel worthless.
Through this, they either assault their partners verbally, physically or sexually. Depression can also
be attributed to IPV as some partners suffer from it and make violence the only way that they can
relieve themselves. After engaging in violence, they may tend to feel better, and they do not care
about the effect their actions have on their partner. The other issue of IPV is the effects that it has on
individuals. There have been several reported cases of people that have suffered from IPV, and the
effects are not pleasing. One of the effects that are associated with IPV is physical trauma where a
person suffers from bruises, broken hands, legs, jaws, or loss of teeth (Chan, 2012). When IPV takes
place, the person doing it does not care about their partner and hits them with anything that they can
come across. They may use sticks, knives, or kick them or fight them with their fists (Varcarolis,
&Hatler, 2013). Whichever method is used usually result in physical trauma for the person. Death is
also an effect of IPV as people may suffer be

The Issue Of Violence Against Women
Violence against women includes many kinds of harmful physical, emotional, and sexual behaviors
against women and girls that are most often displayed by a family member, or at times by strangers.
Violence against women is a growing worldwide issue yet it's still a hidden problem. Most of us
have a hard time imagining the concept of violence against women. The freedom from threat of
harassment, battering, and sexual assault is hard to grips. Violence is a deep part of our culture and
our everyday lives. The problem of violence against women rages all over the world and is a crisis
in almost all societies. In the past, this problem was called domestic violence but has recently
changed to violence against women. The term domestic violence does not demonstrate that almost
all cases of domestic abuse are men injuring women. How important is the issue of violence against
women to the citizen of American? Many people simply do acknowledge the impact and importance
that it has on the female population in the United States. Although there are many other important
concerns to focus on, this issue is often overlooked and pushed to the side. Picking this topic was
important to me, because I dealt with domestic abuse for many years from a former partner. Before
experiencing such a difficult hardship I didn't have much knowledge on this topic. Most women
don't believe they could be ever be a victim of domestic abuse. According to www.feminsit.com
Battering is the leading cause of

Domestic Violence Against Women Act
Legislation Types The Congress of the United States in 1994, as part of the Crime Bill, passed law
allowing the federal government to take part in the battle against domestic violence. This new law,
named the VAWA, acknowledged that "violence against women is a crime with far–reaching,
harmful consequences for families, children and society" (Domestic and Sexual Violence Data
Collection, A Report to Congress under the Violence Against Women Act, 1 [NIJ Research Report
1996]). To fight this violent crime problem, VAWA made federal domestic violence crimes to be act
against by the Department of Justice. Reliable with this federal inventiveness, the Crime Bill also
modified the Gun Control Act to embrace domestic violence–related crimes. Congress reiterated its
commitment to fight domestic violence crimes by the performing in the fall of 1996 of extra federal
domestic violence crimes in both VAWA and the Gun Control Act. The federal government has
largely lacked authority over several domestic violence crimes. However domestic violence remains
primarily a matter of state and local jurisdiction.
Federal Legislation The Violence against Women Act (VAWA) delineated funding programs to
avoid violence against women and set a national domestic violence hotline. Also, new protections
were given to victims of domestic abuse, such as confidentiality of new address and modifications
to migration regulations that permit an abused partner to apply for permanent residency. This act

Male Violence And Aggression Against Women
Statement of the Project's Research Question and Importance
The topic of this research is male violence and aggression against women in the United States. My
research question is "Is male violence against women dependent upon location and setting?" I am
studying different forms of male violence or aggression against women because I want to discover
the locations and settings in which females are most vulnerable and most oftentimes victimized.
This knowledge will ultimately enable policymakers and advocates to better understand where and
why these atrocities take place, as well as in what ways they affect American women. I believe an
increased awareness amongst men and women alike will initiate changes in protecting women, as
well as make ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Statistics such as this are publicized so that policies can be developed and these victims can have
greater advocacy, such as the 1991Violence Against Women Act in the United States (Goodman
1993). The informational document developed by the WHO as well as a report discussing the
current research being done on male violence against women states the most common forms of
violence against women, the severe fatal and non–fatal health consequences of violence, and the
factors that increase a woman's risk of being a victim of violence (Garcia–Moreno 1993 and
Goodman 1993).
More recently, studies looking at abuse against women in the U.S., such as the 1996 National
Violence Against Women (NVAW) Survey, seek to understand both women's and men's experiences
with violence. The survey along with a report from the National Institute of Health (NIH)'s National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism discovered violence against women has grown
exponentially in the past 20 years, especially in the area of intimate partner violence and sexual
assault (Tjaden 2000 and Abbey). More specifically, the research done by the NIH focused primarily
on male violence while under the influence of drugs and alcohol, suggesting that a majority of
violent acts involve drugs and alcohol in settings where they are commonly found, such as college
campuses and perhaps on dates. Other studies focus more on verbal harassment in the workplace
Many researchers share frustrations over

Interpersonal Violence Against Women
We as a societal whole must come together to end the interpersonal violence against women not just
at home but in the world. Waiting to patch up the problem after the abuse happens is not how we
will stop the violence to begin with you have to start at the source of the problem to fix it. In a world
dominated by patriarchy it is seen as weak to speak out against the violence of women if you are a
male. Even in Hollywood, we see so many images of rape, abuse, and violence against women as
completely normal but when the abuse occurs to animals it is an outrage. We have to move from
bandaging the wound to curing the disease of interpersonal violence against women. One problem
that our society deals with is our media induced fear or the wrong

The Violence Against Women Act Of 1994
Jafreicy Amparo
Professor Flanagan
POL 323: Public Policy Analysis
July 28, 2016
The Violence Against Women Act of 1994
John Kingdon's "Garbage Can" model argues that the policymaking process consists of three
streams problems, politics, and policies that flow independently from one another. When these three
streams meet it creates a window of opportunity and public policy is a result. The Violence Against
Women Act of 1994 (VAWA) is an example of the Kingdon "Garbage Can model". The VAWA was
passed as part of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 in recognition of the
severity of crimes associated with domestic violence and sexual assault. It was the first federal
legislation that addressed violence uniquely targeted at women and their children.
The Violence Against Women's Act of 1994 provided $1.6 billion towards the prosecution and
investigation of violent crimes against women and it also did a series of things that helped to
improve criminal justice response to violence against women. The act strengthened federal penalties
for repeat sex offenders and created "rape shield" laws that prevented offenders from using a victim
past sexual experience in a trial of sexual assault. The VAWA required that protection orders be
enforced and recognized everywhere in the United States. It increased the rates of prosecution,
conviction and sentencing of offenders and funded the training for 500,000 law enforcement each
year to ensure that the police who respond

Economic and Political Context Long before its enactment on September 13, 1994, the foundation
for the Violence Against Women Act was being constructed. More than 140 years ago, members of
the U.S. government were working to end the injustice of violence against women when, in 1871,
Alabama was the first state to make it illegal for a man to beat his wife (U.S. Department of Justice,
2010). In 1967, one of the first domestic violence shelters in the country opened its doors in Maine;
and from that time until 1994, progress slowly but steadily continued. Within the next 10 years, the
first emergency rape hotline opened in the nation's capital, and Pennsylvania alone established the
first state coalitions against sexual assault and domestic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When U.S. Attorney General Benjamin Civiletti formed the Department of Justice Task Force on
Family Violence, it was the first time the department had examined the extent and effects of
domestic violence in America. In the resulting report, the group provided recommendations "to
improve the nation's law enforcement, criminal justice and community response to offenses that,
previously, were considered 'family matters'" (U.S. Department of Justice, 2010). Soon after, the
Family Violence Prevention Services Act was passed by Congress, using the first federal monies
explicitly allocated for programs serving battered women and their children (U.S. Department of
Justice, 2010). The country was progressively changing the way Americans viewed domestic and
sexual violence by bringing it to the nation's attention.
In 1994, after a three–year Senate Judiciary Committee investigation into the causes and effects of
violence against women, then Senator Joe Biden stated "Through this process, I have become
convinced that violence against women reflects as much a failure of our nation's collective moral
imagination as is does the failure of our nation's laws and regulations", adding that "we are helpless
to change the course of this violence unless, and until, we achieve a national consensus that it
deserves our profound public outrage" (U.S. Department of

Violence Against Women Act Analysis
New law will securely and adequately address the issues of more casualties
The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) is the foundation of our country's reaction to household
and sexual viciousness. A solid bipartisan bill to reauthorize VAWA (S. 47) went in the Senate on
February 12, 2013 (78–22) and in the House of Representatives on February 28, 2013 (286–138).
President Obama marked the bill into law on March 7, 2013.
NNEDV's announcement on VAWA marking.
NNEDV's announcement on VAWA section.
YOUR calls had any kind of effect! This is our aggregate triumph for survivors. Need to make one
more call? Visit our Legislative Action Center to discover how you can thank your Senators and
Representatives for voting in favor of VAWA.
What will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
VAWA 2013 incorporates numerous vital changes to these award programs, including permitting
state abusive behavior at home coalitions to be the lead candidate on the Grants to Encourage Arrest
program; guaranteeing that particular partners, including abusive behavior at home coalitions,
assume an important part in creating state STOP arranges; and giving a formal procedure to the
Office on Violence Against Women to get coalition and other key aggressive behavior at home and
rape group info.
The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) is compelling and imperative:
VAWA makes and backings far reaching, financially savvy reactions to the pervasive and deceptive
violations of abusive behavior at home, rape, dating viciousness and stalking. Since its authorization
in 1994, VAWA programs, managed by the Departments of Justice (DOJ) and Health and Human
Services (HHS), have drastically enhanced government, tribal, state, and nearby reactions to these
wrongdoings.
There has been as much as a 51% expansion in reporting by ladies and a 37% increment in reporting
by

Military Violence Against Women
A: It is universally accepted that violence against women in areas of armed conflict is an abuse of
basic human rights. However, despite efforts led by the United Nations and the governments of
different countries plagued by this issue, little has been done to resolve this atrocity. There are many
different categories that the aforementioned can be placed into, but perhaps the most abhorrent
violation of human rights is the use of systemic abuse of women in wartime as a strategy to win a
conflict. An example of such a strategy is the systematic mass rape of a society's women, with the
goal in mind of separating families, demoralizing civilians, and infecting them with various
STDs.Often times, such women are cast out from their homes and societies because of their
"impurity." Especially during a time when there is already a dearth of resources and medical help
due to the intensity of the armed conflict taking place, this cultural practice of neglecting sexually
abused women contributes heavily to the suffering of women from this ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
An early example of such a step is the Treaty of Amity and Commerce, ratified in 1785, which
stated that even during armed conflict,"Women shall not be molested." More recent examples of
such resolutions is resolution 1820, passed by the United Nations Security Council in 2008, which
demanded that "all parties to armed conflict immediately take appropriate measures to protect
civilians, including women and girls, from all forms of sexual violence... upholding the principle of
command responsibility, training troops on the categorical prohibition of all forms of sexual
violence against civilians... vetting armed and security forces to take account of past actions of rape
and other forms of sexual violence, and evacuation of women and children under imminent threat of
sexual violence to safety." Such

The Importance Of Violence Against Women
Violence against women is common across culture, religion, class and ethnicity. Ironically, the most
prevalent form of violence against women worldwide is intimate partner violence or violence
caused by a person the woman has known her intimate relationship (Sarkar, 2010). It's also striking
to acknowledge that as many as 38% of murders of women (femicide) are caused by the women's
intimate partner in any corner of the world (Scharff Peterson & Schroeder, 2017).
In the world, there are international frameworks have been ratified and passed by member countries
to protect women and women's rights. They are the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and its
two covenants (i.e. the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International
Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights), the United Nations Declaration on the
Elimination of Violence against Women (CEDAW); the CEDAW Committee General Comment No.
19; the EU Istanbul Convention on Violence Against Women. Besides, there are many other regional
declarations and national laws have been approved to prevent and control violence against women.
However, violence against women, family violence against women, intimate partner violence
against women has been found common in societies.
The United Nations General Assembly defines violence against women as "acts or gender based
violence that result in physical suffering to women, including threat of such acts coercion or
arbitrary deprivation of liberty

The Issue Of Domestic Violence Against Women
Over the last 50 years the world has made huge strides against the issue of domestic violence
against women. While this may seem like a great moral victory for us as a society we have a long
way to go before the issue is under control. The very image of a man striking a woman immediately
strikes a chord with most of us, causing great discomfort. If we switch the roles however the same
proverbial chord lies there dormant. In fact when a man is struck in a movie by a woman it is often
displayed as an act of empowerment by the woman and he is depicted as deserving of the violence.
In an article written last year in the Austin Journal of Psychiatry Behavior Sciences, author Guy
Balice asserts, "As the media continues to perpetuate representations of DV as trivial and comical, it
will be further normalized and desensitized in the public view. In addition, misrepresentation of DV
as romantic and attractive translates that violence against women is acceptable. Minimizing the
gravity of DV can lead to troubling outcomes such as underreporting of DV; this can impact the
amount of individuals seeking treatment and result in victims of DV being unacknowledged and
underserved." While he directs his article towards women, his theory applies to domestic violence
portrayal against men in the media as well. In the movie, This Christmas, Regina Bell's character
tricks her husband into showering while she spreads baby oil all over the floor. While in the shower
she coerces him out and

The final decade of the 20th century yielded many changes as the result of third–wave feminism. In
1993, the United Nations enacted the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women
which called religious and cultural customs an excuse for gender–based violence (Goldscheid,
2008). In the early '90s, the Surgeon General referred to domestic violence as a threat to the health
of Americans and in a similar move, the American Medical Association created a campaign targeted
at ending domestic violence (Eisler, 1992). Taking its first formal stance on the issue, the outcry of
the people lead the United States to pass the Violence Against Women Act in 1994. Like the
majority of social movements, the third wave of feminism originated from the actions actions of
grassroots organizations. In regards to support for the Violence Against Women Act, most of these
groups were composed of victims of gender–based crime such as major interest groups like the
National Network to End Domestic Violence, the National Organization for Women, Written by then
Senator Joe Biden, the Violence Against Women Act was passed as part of the massive Violent
Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. The first of its kind, the bill encompassed a
number of protections to women that were victims of gender–based crime. In order to implement the
act, the agency known as The Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) was created as part of the
Department of Justice. The office's main objective is

Domestic Violence Against Indigenous Women
In the article "Domestic violence against indigenous women is everybody's problem" domestic
violence is depicted as a serious social problem that involves "unspeakable acts of violence" that
leaves victims experiencing fear and despair (Taylor 2014). More specifically, the social
construction of domestic violence will be discussed with an emphasis on Aboriginal women and a
typology of intimate partner violence. The social construction of domestic violence has serious
implications for victims of domestic abuse because there is a failure to address the processes that
perpetuate the violence. Instead, domestic violence is addressed through the illusion of social
support. What is evident is that domestic violence is a social problem that requires comprehensive
services, particularly for indigenous women, to address the complexity of the interaction between
the individual's social location and the causes that lead to the violence.
The article constructs domestic violence as an issue of gender, race and socioeconomic status.
Women are identified as the "majority" of victims (Taylor 2014). Consequently, the article
conceptually represents domestic violence as events of intimate terrorism where one partner
violently terrorizes the other partner to gain complete control over the relationship, which is entirely
perpetrated by men (Johnson 2012). With that said, Johnson (2012) points out that majority of
domestic violence is situational couple violence, where both the man and the

Technology And Sexual Violence Against Women
Course: Research Strategies
Task: Literature Review
Due Date: 19th September 2014
Word Limit: 2200 words
ICT and Sexual Violence Sexual violence against women is not a new phenomenon; it is as old as
history. Sexual violence entails any unintentional sexual act in which the victim is coerced,
threatened, or compelled to engage against their will (Taylor & Quayle, 2003). This is a matter that
has historically attracted a great deal of attention from scholars and authorities owing to its growing
prevalence and disastrous consequences to the victim, including physical, sexual, and psychological
harm. The attention has even been greater in recent times since the phenomenon has taken a new
form. With advancements in information and communication technologies (ICTs), new ways of
perpetrating sexual violence against women have emerged (Eneman, Gillespie & Bernd, 2010).
ICTs denote the array of technologies that help humans fulfill their information and communication
needs. This entails the heterogeneous set of devices, applications, and services used in the
production and distribution of information (Coleman, 2005). Over the years, ICTs have evolved
tremendously, and now include the Internet, social networks, and mobile devices. Whereas this
evolution has positively transformed the generation and circulation of information, the negatives
cannot be overlooked. These technologies have now created new ways to perpetrate traditional
crimes, including sexual violence

Domestic Violence Against Women Essay
The United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women (1993) defines
violence against women as "any act of gender–based violence that results in, or is likely to result in,
physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts,
coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life." (UN
General Assembly 1993).
It is violence in private life that comprises domestic violence against women. Also called Intimate
Partner Abuse and Family Violence, it is a global issue that cuts across all geographic, social,
cultural and ethnic boundaries. But it was only in the last decade of the 20th century that it got
recognition as a serious public health ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The life expectancy at birth for the population is 66 years, infant mortality is 62 per 1000 live births
and the maternal mortality is 260 deaths per 100,000 live births ( UNDP 2011).
In addition to the globally prevalent forms of domestic violence , women in Pakistan also suffer
from forms of violence carried out in the name of tradition, culture and religion.
Honour killing is an old tradition which involves a male member of the family killing a female
relative if she is suspected of tarnishing the family's honour. In most cases the executor is the
husband, the father or a brother( Minallah and Durrani, 2009).
Stove burning is a form of dowry killing prevalent in the province of Punjab, mostly in the urban
areas. Married women are burned by the husband or his family as a punishment for not providing a
rich dowry, not producing a son, not allowing the husband another wife or as a result of long
running disputes. Acid throwing, particularly on the face, may be committed to avenge refusal of
sexual advances and alleged disloyalty by a wife or female partner. It is done to punish the wife for
bringing dishonor to the husband.
Marriage( Nikaah) to Koran( The holy Book of Muslims) is an old custom where a girl is forced
into celibacy to keep the family wealth intact. It is more prevalent in the Sindh province among the
wealthy feudal lords ( waderas).

Domestic Violence And Violence Against Women
The dictionary definition of domestic violence is, "Violent confrontation between family or
household members involving physical harm, sexual assault, or fear of physical harm". Domestic
violence takes place in many forms, including physical assault, threats, sexual abuse, intimidation,
etc. Domestic violence destroys the meaning behind a home and the feeling of a safe environment.
No one man, woman, or child deserves to be abused. The abuser is the one who should take
responsibility of the violence occurring, not the victim. The reason I say this is because most of the
time the victim of the relationship is looked down upon and blamed because "they asked for it".
One of the most frequent human rights violations in the world is violence against women. There is a
large amount of evidence that women are subjected to domestic violence significantly more often
than men. The situation can become worse if she is economically or socially dependent on the
abuser, which is the case in most situations. Violence against women should not only be considered
a human rights violation, but also a form of discrimination against women.
The United States takes precautions and creates laws against domestic violence for women;
however, the social views on domestic violence vary, in many places outside the West, the concept
in general is very poorly understood. This is because in most of these countries, the relation between
the husband and wife is not considered one of equals, but instead one

Media Violence Against Women Essay
Media Violence Against Women
In the United States, as well as throughout the majority of the world, people are bombarded with
information on a daily basis. The majority of the information that it seen or heard is a direct result of
someone aiming the information at the masses. Whether it is a company that would like us to buy
it's product, or a newspaper that would have us believe a certain "fact" that they are reporting,
someone has decided how the information will be presented. This notion brings me to the issue of
how our society perpetuates violence against women through the use of the media and television
shows. I would argue that, because we are socialized on a daily basis to believe certain ideas, this
same process ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Yet,
often it is aimed toward a particular group of people, mainly women. It is primarily how these
images are presented that leads me to believe that they are contributing to a larger problem.
One example of this problem is the recent broadcasting of crimes within schools. In her article,
Collective Silence for Collective Violence in Feminista.com, Dorothy Lemmey questions the gender
neutral terminology that is used when news agencies report these incidences. "In Kentucky, a 14
year old drew a gun and killed 3 'students'...all the dead are female, killed by boys." She examines
the idea that we are much more apt to blame the "obvious" problems such as " 'the breakdown of
family values', gun control, pervasive violence, adolescent hormones....and even a lack of bonding
at infancy." However, when this story was reported there was no mention of the sex of any of the
victims or how the victims knew their killers. She goes on to point out that it is more likely that
violence toward women will not change while we are still in a mind frame of denial. This article
made a very good point. How can we possibly address a problem when, for whatever reason, the
media refuses to give all of the facts. It is, in essence, hiding the true motives of a particularly
heinous crime, and not calling it what it is....Violence against women.
It would also appear that the media plays a significant role in how women view the violence that is

Domestic Violence Against Women
In the most recent data available from 2015, it was disclosed that nearly 92,000 Canadians had
report to the police an incident related to domestic violence; of this number, 80% of them were
women (Burczycka, 2017). It is then no surprise that intimate partnership violence has been found
to be one of the major causes of violence against women in Canada (Ministry of the Status of
Women, 2015). Many agencies focus on supporting directly the female victims and providing them
with secured shelters and safe spaces to rebuild themselves after leaving their abusive relationship
(Shelter Safe, 2017). However, a need to address domestic violence from the roots arose in
Ontario1982, when the community identified a gap in the offer of programs ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
As for Michele Paddon, creator of the Women's program currently delivered by Changing Ways, she
describes in her book abuse as the use of "[...] words, actions or behaviours – on purpose and
repeatedly – with the intention of gaining control over that person" (Paddon, 2015). She also
establishes three different dimensions of domestic violence, based on the work of Michael P.
Johnson: common couple violence (CCV), intimate terrorism and violent resistance (VR).
Common couple violence occurs often in one specific instance when one partner uses physical
violence against their partner; however, it is not linked to a pattern of abusive behaviours and
generally does not escalate into a cycle of power and control (Paddon, 2015). Intimate terrorism
refers to more than physical assault and includes – but is not limited to – emotional abuse as well, as
part of the numerous tactics use to control their partner. Victims of intimate terrorism tend to modify
their behaviours out of fear for their partner, which is considered a strong indicator for the
counsellors working with abused women (Paddon, 2015). In contrast, violent resistance is often
thought in term of self–defense, a term that does not exist in the judicial system in Canada. VR is
therefore referring to any violent act inflicted

Violence Against Women In India
Violence against women is not a problem of today; it is rooted decades before. It is present all over
the world .The condition is getting worse day by day. It is crossing all the borders and races.
Violence against women is a very serious and sensitive issue as it is one of the most pervasive of
human rights violation denying fundamental rights to almost half of population (females and
girls).Domestic violence is much more drastic than violence outside because home is a place where
individual seeks love, security, safety and shelter but we can't deny the fact that it is also a place that
imperils lives. Violence includes harassment, maltreatment, brutality, cruelty, physical injury or
attempting to place a woman in fear of injury or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Violence is used as a weapon to exert power over others. It's a misconception that violence against
female is generated by males only. In reality it is of both types inter–sex and intra–sex. Even mother
who bears equal labor pains during birth of her children discriminates between her son and daughter.
In India where domestic violence persists in want of dowry females also play their role in
victimizing women. Husband is not the only accused in bride burning cases participation of females
like mother–in–law and sister–in–law are also included. Another great cause of domestic violence in
India is want of male child. Researches indicate that 30%of the abuse starts during pregnancy;
during which a woman needs special care and attention; they are deprived of basic amenities like
medicines and healthy diet even during pregnancy. Nearly about two third of females are anaemic
which leads to death of mother or child during child birth. Early marriages, forced marriages, honor
killing , acid throwing, trafficking, rape, sexual abuse, female foeticide and female infanticide ,
neglect of women health problems , compelling and humiliating women, alcoholism of the husband
are some of the other forms of violence against women in India. Forced prostitution due to poverty
is also very common in some Indian states. Husband's infedility is also a major cause of
psychological violence in most of the cases. Wife battering is very common and there

Domestic Violence Against Men and Women
Domestic Violence against Men and Women
Sandra Marable
Kaplan University
CM–220
Professor Freiteg
May 20, 2013
Whenever the thought of domestic violence comes to mind, more than often the visual picture is a
women or a child. However, there is another side that has been ignored because it is pushed under
the rug. The unfortunate fact is that men are the victims of domestic violence at least as often as
women are. While the very idea of men is being beaten by their wives or partners runs contrary to
many of our deeply ingrained beliefs about men and women, female or male violence against men is
a well–documented phenomenon almost completely ignored by both the media and society (Watson
2013). The majority of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Guilt most often what keeps the victim, at the hands of their abuser, that internal turmoil that the
victim goes through with leaving the since of feeling responsible, the feeling of leaving the
relationship and the household, this alone is the underlying reasons behind not leaving, not wanting
to separate the household. Self–blame can not be avoided for some of those who believe that they
just have not done enough, the only thing that will help is time, distance and healing and too not get
into another relationship until they are completely ready. It is estimated that about 3.2 million men
are victims of assault by their partner each year in the United States.
However, most of these assaults are relatively minor, such as hitting, smacking, pushing, and
shoving, others are much more serious. . It has raised serious questions about "implementation of
arrest policies, equivalency of intimate partner aggression across genders, and management of
female domestic violence offenders. This study compares demographic characteristics, criminal
history variables, and the past domestic violence history of men and women arrested for domestic
assault against a heterosexual intimate partner. Using victim reported information and data collected
by local criminal justice agencies, we

Pornography Abuse And Violence Against Women
There are obvious problems with society today regarding the presence of sexual violence and rape.
The cause of these crimes is difficult to isolate, as it is also difficult material for researchers to
complete studies on. We need a better definition of abuse, and it needs to be stated that the
intelligence and mental instability can affect a man's actions. There can be a place in relationships
for pornography as well, where women are consenting and desire to explore different material, not
necessarily being dehumanized. While Fight the New Drug and Samantha Grey, the author of, "A
Letter to Men: Porn is Not Just Women's Problem," both present claims that pornography
consumption leads to violence against women, and plea for society to reject pornography, there are
unanswered questions and overlooked aspects that leave their argument unconvincing. A guideline
of what defines abuse and violence needs to be established to properly examine pornography
material. The texts presented high percentages of violence existing in the pornography films that
were used to formulate data. However, there are no specifics regarding what violence is. Did the
standards include elements of dirty talk, kink, spanking, or BDSM? Fight the New Drug states that
"In other words, in porn, people are getting beaten up and they're smiling about it." There is a
significant difference in a woman being exposed to potentially arousing scenarios that affect our
sympathetic nervous system such as restraint

Violence Against Women And Girls
According to Center for Disease and Prevention, violence is a public health problem in the United
States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2010). Violence affects people of all
ages ranging from infants, children, elderly to the disabled. For my health promotion activity, I
choose Gender– based violence which is any act of violence against women and girls. Violence
against women and girls has been a global issue that needs to be addressed. The issue of gender
based violence is not only a public health is in the United States it is a public health and social
problem that affects women and girls around the world, a hidden epidemic. As a woman and a
health care professional I believe that violence against anybody, including women and girls should
not be accepted, it is a violation of human right and liberty. Violence against women and girls is any
action that is gender based that result in physical, emotional, sexual harm or suffering to women and
girls. These actions could take place in the community, public or private, it could be cultural or
religious related. The result of violence against women is alarming and could be life threatening.
Violence against women includes different forms of violence, such as rape, female genital
mutilation, forced marriage, child marriage, exploitation of women and girls during and after wars
or conflicts and natural disasters, incest, honor killings, trafficking, physical, verbal or emotional
abuse, non–partner

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