RAM is a form of computer memory that allows for fast reading and writing of data. RAM stores instructions and data currently being used by the operating system and applications. Flash memory retains data even when power is removed, and includes technologies like USB flash drives and SD cards. Various optical media like CDs and DVDs can only be read by computers, while hard disks and flash drives allow for both reading and writing of data. Input devices like keyboards and mice allow users to control computers, while output devices like printers and plotters produce hard copies of documents and graphics.

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2. RAM-RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY
 RAM is a form of computer data storage which
stores frequently used program instructions to
increase the general speed of a system.
 A random-access memory device allows data items to
be read or written in almost the same amount of time
irrespective of the physical location of data inside the
memory.
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3. SD RAM –SYNCHRONOUS DYNAMIC RAM
 This tends to increase the number of
instructions that the processor can perform
in a given time.
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4. FLASH MEMORY
 A kind of memory that retains data in the
absence of a power supply.
 Flash memory is an electronic (solid-state)
non-volatile computer storage medium that
can be electrically erased and
reprogrammed.
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5. HARD DISKS
 A rigid non-removable magnetic disk with
a large data storage capacity.
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6. OPTICAL MEDIA
 Optical media - such as the
compact disk (CD) - are storage media that
hold content in digital form and that are
written and read by a laser;
these media include all the various CD and
DVD variations, as well as optical jukeboxes
and autochangers.
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7. CD–ROM -COMPACT DISC READ ONLY MEMORY
 A CD-ROM is a pre-pressed
optical compact disc which contains data.
 Computers can read CD-ROMs, but
cannot write to CD-ROMs, which are not
writable or erasable.
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8. DVD- DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC
 The medium can store any kind of digital
data and is widely used for software and
other computer files as well as video
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9. FLASH DRIVES
 is a data storage device that
includes flash memory with an
integrated USB interface. USB flash drives
are typically removable and rewritable,
and physically much smaller than
an optical disc.
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10. KEYBOARD
 a panel of keys that operate a computer.
 the main input device for computers.
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11. MOUSE
 A pointing device (hand control) that
detects two-dimensional motion relative to
a surface.
Color-coded PS/2 connection
ports; purple for keyboard and
green for mouse
With the arrival of the IBM
PS/2 personal-computer series
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12. PRINTERS
 A printer is a peripheral which makes a persistent
human-readable representation of graphics or text
on paper or similar physical media.
 A printer is an external hardware output device
that takes the electronic data stored on a
computer or other device and generates a hard
copy of it.
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13. PLOTTERS
 A plotter is a printer that interprets commands from
a computer to make line drawings on paper with
one or more automated pens. Unlike a
regular printer , the plotter can draw continuous
point-to-point lines directly from vector
graphics files or commands.
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