Parenting Over Time

Parenting Over Time
Do you ever think that you're parents are favoring your sister over you? Or that they let your brother
do something that they don't let you? There is a reason for this. Parents raise the future of our
society and raise children to be good samaritans and humans. Parenting over time has taken great
changes, due to technology and discoveries. Phones and tracking has given parenting a different spin
on letting their children go and do more things. Parenting can be different for every family because
everyone has different rules and regulations. Though one thing that stays universal through time and
parenting is that parenting is different for girls than for boys. For the majority of parents, there are
different standards and rules for their daughters ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are different parenting techniques causes adults to treat boys and girls different bases off the
Self Determination Theory. To understand The Self Determination Theory Joyce Endendijk states
that, "parental control strategies can be defined as any strategy that a parent uses to alter, change, or
influence their child's behavior, thoughts, or feelings" (Endendijk, 2). The self determination is
caused by different types of parenting. The first type of parenting that alter the parenting ways for
gender is Coercive parenting, which refers to strategies of parenting that force a child to do
something, instead of giving them motivation to do it. The children are given external pressures,
harsh declining, and internal pressures, thought and feelings. Parents use guilt induction, shaming,
criticism, invalidation of the child's feelings, and do not act like they love them which greatly affects
the child. This type of parenting is given differently towards boys than to girls. Girls are given a
different way of their thoughts being change. For girls this parents gives the girl a negative effect for
not being a "perfect girl", or comparing their daughter to other girls. Likewise, for boys they are also
given different pressures to give them a negative internal feeling. Moreover, the Self Determination
Theory also describes the Autonomy–supportive strategies. In which they "provide the child with an
appropriate amount of control, a desired amount of choice, acknowledge the child's perspectives,
and provide the child with meaningful rationales when choice is constrained" (Endendijk, 2). In this
strategy, the parent gives their children more freedom, than control, but they still have discipline in
their parenting. This is widely based off of the parents connection with their children. In the
majority of scenarios mother tend to have a stronger
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My Experience On My Career
Daniel H Pink emphasizes that our world should move toward Motivation 3.0 and that we should
become more type I people than Type X. Pink suggest this because Motivation 3.0 and Type I both
go with the three nutrients we need to better our world; autonomy, mastery, and purpose. Autonomy
is a self–determination theory, Mastery is the desire to get better and better at something you like,
and finally purpose provides activation energy for living. Pink reaffirms "For type I, it's the main
motivator is the freedom, challenge, and purpose of the undertaking itself; any other gains are
welcome, but mainly as a bonus." (76) . I agree to the three elements in Motivation 3.0 and as well
as to Type I because of my experience in education toward my career confirms it. I've had
challenges threw my education and I know that I will continue to have them, but I also know that I
have some freedom in the work I have to do. All of this will help me in my career and a Preschool
Teacher.
As Pink argues about Type I and Type X people, I can say that at some point during my education I
can be Type X. According to Pink, "Type Xs, main motivation is external rewards, any deeper
satisfaction is welcome, but secondary. During my education I wanted to get to get rewarded if I did
my work, but as we all know that we get the best grade depending on the effort you put into your
work. So as I started seeing that I was not doing my best I knew that I was not going to reach my
goal and graduate to come

Agency Practice Approach And Critique Essay
Module 4: Agency Practice Approach and Critique
My field placement this year is with Careers in Transition (CIT) in the Lives in Transition (LIT)
program. LIT is a career–orientated program aimed towards women who have experienced domestic
and/or family violence at some point in their lives which has, in most cases, resulted in some form
of oppression in their journey towards self–sufficiency.
The primary objective of LIT is to help clients achieve gainful employment, and the program itself
is divided into 3 components. The first component is a counseling and information component that
gives an introduction to what domestic and family violence is, further delving into the feelings and
psychological effects that it has had on clients. In this component, clients get to explore and share
their own experiences and struggles in a safe environment alongside peers who can relate with a
qualified professional to facilitate this. The second component is a life skills and academic
component. During this stage of the program, clients are taught practical skills and how to apply
them in their everyday life, for example, math is introduced in the form of budgeting and balancing
monthly income with outflow of expenses. Parenting skills, prioritizing and time management skills,
nutrition and grocery shopping are some of the other things that are touched on, to name a few. The
third component is the job search for employment. This component is where the objective of LIT's
program is

Motivation, Self Determination Theory, And Expectancy Theory
"Successful people maintain a positive focus in life no matter what is going on around them. They
stay focused on their past successes rather than their past failures, and on the next action steps they
need to take to get them closer to the fulfillment of their goals rather than all the other distractions
that life presents to them" Jack (2001–2016). Motivational theories can help support an employee to
progress in the workplace; a few theories such as Extrinsic Motivation, Intrinsic Motivation,
Acquired Needs Theory, Self–Determination theory, and expectancy theory relate to my professional
life. I will explain if I agree/disagree with my PsyCap self–assessment and some developing
strategies to advance in my career using my strengths. Also, I will talk about how I can employ
goal–setting to increase motivation, and how my engagements at the workplace influence my job
performance.
I completely agree with my results from the PsyCap self–assessment. Efficacy was the highest on
my self–assessment. Efficiency can be defined as predicting results before any situation occurs. I
apply myself to the greatest ability to produce the best possible outcome. Learning from my
experiences over time helps with the capacity to create the best possible outcome. Acquired needs
theory relates to my everyday life in the workplace. There are many things I learn each day in my
position; over time I learn from these obstacles that foster the ability to be more knowledgeable
from my

Self Determination Theory Paper
Self Determination Theory
The article Self Determination Theory and Actualization of Human Potential discusses how people
have the ability to reach their full potential. We are born with the ability to organize ourselves into
becoming who we are capable of being. One of the theories that is thoroughly discussed is The Self
Determination Theory (STD) which is known as "Full Functioning" (Deci, Ryan, & Guay, 2013).
The theory suggest that we have the ability to develop goals, interest, and values (Deci, Ryan, &
Guay, 2013). Further, the article discusses the importance of basic psychology need, the importance
of motivation, and regulation. (Deci, Ryan, & Guay, 2013)
Needs
Needs can be individually different, but needs are universally required ... Show more content on
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For example, a person is a competitive sport they could be driven because it offers scholarships,
high payment, or recognition from their peers. A form of extrinsic motivation is external regulation
(Deci, Ryan, & Guay, 2013). This type of regulation is based on obtaining an object for doing
something (Deci, Ryan, & Guay, 2013). Extrinsic Motivation can be displayed through pressure,
threats, or rewards (Deci, Ryan, & Guay, 2013). For instance, if you take a child into a store and let
them get a toy every time they go, they will always expect a toy. Introjected Regulation is more self
as extrinsic motivation involves others (Deci, Ryan, & Guay, 2013). Introjected Regulation involves
a person self–assessing negatively (Deci, Ryan, & Guay, 2013). A person may become anxiety
driven, feel contrition or infamy (Deci, Ryan, & Guay, 2013). This results in self–punishment.
Identified Regulation is a chosen motivation by personal or professional value that created a pattern
of behavior (Deci, Ryan, & Guay, 2013). For example, if a person starts a new job they develop a
daily work routine. Or if a person is diagnosed with cancer they may become more health conscious.
One of the most important regulations is integrated regulation (Deci, Ryan, & Guay, 2013).
Integrated regulation is when a person finds an activity that reflects their

Postschool Tutoring Experience
My experiences with an afterschool tutoring program offered me the opportunity for me to
implement theories and concepts in a real world situation. One experience stands out from the rest,
due to the progress I made developing resiliency in the child by using Deci and Ryan's, Self–
Determination Theory. One Monday, a student needed my assistance understanding a new concept
that he had learned in math class. I began the session by asking to see Andy's notes from class. As
we progressed through the notes, Andy began to grasp a better understanding of the material. He
then successfully completed three of the four assigned math problems with little to no help from
myself. But it was the fourth and final problem that gave him a hard time, after ... Show more
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Thus, I wanted to create an open and friendly atmosphere when interacting with Andy. For example,
I would always start the conversation by asking him how was his day and I would tell him about my
day. Also, I would make it a point to always ask if he needed any help studying for a test or if he
needed my assistance on any projects. I invited him on occasion, when it seemed that he was lonely,
to play ping pong. I feel the most confident in my application of relatedness. Andy began to have
conversations with me, most of them involving his schooling in some compacity. I can accurately
assert that Andy is my

Reflection Paper On Flying High Performance Jets
"Beyond the elementary definition of motivation, there is little agreement on the precise meaning of
a concept that is absolutely central to sport psychology" (Cashmore, p. 175). I'll be honest. I'm
fascinated by the study of motivation and I often reflect wondering why I do the things I do today
and what drove me in the past to do what I did. I figured that if I could discover what drove me then,
perhaps I could establish a more efficient and productive path to my future and also help others do
the same.
I lost a lot of friends in the business of flying high performance jets. I'm often motivated by the
choir of my dead friends to seek answers to the mystery of the human brain and why we make
errors. Errors are what kill most ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We did it because we loved flying jets, period dot. Waving the flag is like tossing pompoms in the
air at a football game. They look good and get everyone's arousal moving upwards, but that was not
what was driving the core of the players. Elite athletes love their sport. They have a passionate drive
to succeed with competence, autonomy, and relatedness. We were all like a hungry rabbits chasing a
carrot and willing to die for it. Once someone discovers their purpose and then running toward it
with all their might, effort, and a solid action plan, absolutely nothing can stop someone like that
who would die in pursuit of that passion.
The purpose of my discussion is to explore, through reflection, the motivation that drove my past in
order to see if I can shed some light on the topic to enhance and supplement my motivational
interviewing (MI) techniques that I have learned this week. I want to take this same spirit of
motivation that is autonomous, internal, inspiring, and lasting to my family, friends, and future
clients who are seeking to perform in sports or other performance related endeavors with
competence, relatedness, and autonomy.
I believe the authors of Chapter 3 and 4 plus Dr. Woolsey's Positive Coaching workshop paper and
his Self–determination Theory slide show were excellent sources to help guide me and get the juices
flowing in this process of taking my passion to transform someone into having the same type of
motivation to chase their

The self determination theory was created to help leaders such as teachers, business owners and
leaders. This was created to help them utilize strategies to help their fellow students and coworkers
have the determination and motivation to better themselves everyday. In the SDT it states that self
determination comes from within, by interest, curiosity, care, and abiding values(cite). This was a
study based on human motivation and personality. Throughout my paper, I will be discussing the
psychological point of view of autonomy, competence, and relatedness and how I can transform it
into a business. Psychology plays a huge role in this study to explain where human motivation
comes from. According to STD, social and culture experience has a ... Show more content on
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Helping them feel as if they are in control will help them develop a sense of self–satisfaction and
self–motivation because their proving to themselves that they can succeed at something. This will
also offer them a sense of drive to push themselves harder so they will succeed. I would also help
children with learning disabilities come to me to help them with their home work. Letting them
choose first in what they are best at will also help them feel some self accusation and that they are in
control. This program that I will offer to children with low self–esteem and self–motivation will cost
nothing but my time which is where my program will be different. I want to offer a program that is
free to children with learning disabilities because I know the struggle of finding someone who
actually care about ME instead of the amount of money my parents will be supplying to them.
Children who struggle with learning disabilities tend to relate their failing grades internally that thy
are failures and I want to help these students understand that they are far more beyond their grades. I
would try and help them boost their self–confidence by having them set certain goals for themselves
that I know they will be able to reach. Self–confidence plays a huge role in

Theory Of Self Development In Scent Of A Woman By Charlie...
Introduction and Summary
In Scent of a woman (1992), Charlie Simms, who is in the developmental period between late
adolescence and early adulthood, is living a time for growth, continuously experiencing and learning
new things. On the other hands, Frank Slade, a blind retired Lieutenant Colonel in the US army, is in
his late adulthood, losing things what he valued the most in his life. The relationship between a
young man who just began to pursue his dream life and an old man who tried to end his life,
changed each other's life meanings. In terms of the characteristics of late adolescence and early
adulthood, Charlie's character displays various features of adolescence such as peer pressure or
moral developmental status. However, the developmental and psychological factors of Frank, who
hopes to die, will be discussed further. Frank's situation that he lost everything he valued the most
including authority, honor and his vision as well, will be applied to one of Erikson's three stages in
self–development, which is ego integrity versus despair and adaptation methods of lifespan
developmental theory. Also, the association between social relationships and well–being and three
factors of self–determination theory which are autonomy, competence, relatedness will be sued to
demonstrate how Frank and Charlie's relationship did work.
Erikson's Theory of Self–Development
According to Erikson's theory of self–development, people experience the stage of ego integrity
versus despair in

The Curriculum For The Class
Perhaps when writing the curriculum for the class you could consider some of these ideas, it is
important to reach out to each of the students and make them feel comfortable and want to take
interest in what they are learning. According to Interest Theory it is important for students to find
value in what they are learning. Some examples of this include; when a student is able to apply what
they have learned to everyday occurrences, being able to gain gratification from achievements, and
even feel the recognition of a practiced skill as useful. Attribution Theory implies that as a teacher it
is important to create an environment where many different cultures and viewpoints are valid and
offered. Calvin makes a point by saying that sometimes his ideas are "too big" so that no one cares.
So if you encourage this out of the box thinking and give Calvin opportunities to show he knows
what he is talking about Calvin will take more interest in what he is learning. Tying in Self
Determination Theory into the curriculum. Calvin would then be intrinsically motivated when you
give him the opportunity to test his knowledge with a topic that interests him. As the teacher, you
can offer a variety of tasks, which will make it difficult for him to attribute his "failure" to one
specific type of lesson plan or lecture. Which ties into Goal Theory, and suggesting letting students
have some control in the class. For instance; letting the students have a choice of what they can read.
If you

The Theory Of Self Determination
Through the years psychologist have had deep discussion on human potential and what it derives
from. Due to this discussion the early humanistic psychologists were able to develop the theory of
self–determination, which has provided us with great insight on what drives/motivates us as
individuals. Using the theory of self–determination we are able to see how this form of motivation
provide the skills a person needs such as competence, relatedness, and autonomy to thrive,
especially in regards to students with disabilities. Keywords: self–determination, competence,
relatedness, autonomy, and student with disabilities
In psychology there has been great discussion on human potential and whether it is inherited based
on a person's surroundings or if it derives internally. According to both Maslow and Rogers, they felt
that "a person has an inherent tendency toward growth and development, which will lead them to
actualize their human potential and in turn become the best they can be" (p.109). To get a better
understanding of human potential we have to look further into to the history of self–actualization
and self–determination and what these terms mean. It is also important for one to know why self–
determination is important and how it plays a part in students with emotional, behavioral and
learning disorders. By looking at each of these factors we will be able to learn what self–
determination is and how it plays an important role in each of our lives.
The notion of

Self-Determination Theory in Action Essay
Self–determination theory (SDT) is a theory of motivation that allows students to be more
autonomous with their learning and achieve greater challenges academically. There are several
factors that influence a student's ability to self–regulate their learning which leads to improved
academic performance and overall well–being. Students need to be autonomous, competent, and feel
as if they can relate to others. First of all, it is important for teachers to create a learning
environment where students learn to be intrinsically motivated. Intrinsic motivation occurs when
students willingly participate in an activity because they find enjoyment in the activity. When
students become intrinsically motivated they are willing to take ... Show more content on
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This occurs when students not only recognize the value or importance in a particular activity, but are
also able to understand how their actions can impact those around them. Competence is equally as
important as autonomy and relatedness in developing self–determination. Teachers can help students
feel competent by presenting academically achievable challenges within a students zone of proximal
development, the specific range between a students independent work level and their assisted work
level. When students are able to complete tasks that are set before them independently their self–
esteem grows and they become more confident. The last area that needs to be met for students to
become completely self–determined is relatedness. When a teacher works hard to relate to a student
and build a relationship that is built on trust, then the students are more likely to become engaged in
their learning and show integrity within the classroom community through identified and integrated
regulation as the main motivating factors. It is important for a student to feel as if their actions are
worthwhile and appreciated within the classroom. Instead of talking about how smart a student is
and complimenting natural ability, it is more important to compliment a students work ethic and
motivation. The best way to support students developing self–determination is to create a classroom
environment that allow students to guide their own learning. Give your students the

Essay On Self Determination Theory
The purpose of this study is to determine how the motivation of student in online learning affect
student learning satisfaction using self–determination theory of motivation of graduate students of
technology management program at the department of polytechnic studies of Southeast Missouri
State University. Self–motivation is a necessary factor in both online and face to face classes. It is
more important for online classes because there is no second person available in front of a student as
in face to face classes. Eccless and Wigfield (2002) in their research Motivational Beliefs, Values,
And Goals stated that motivation plays an important role in student's achievement. Student's desired
achievement will lead to students learning satisfaction. Motivation is seen as one of the most
important factors affecting learning (Schunk, 2007). The further section of this paper discusses the
self–determination theory of motivation, an instrument to measure motivation, students learning
satisfaction, effects of motivation on satisfaction and the summary.
Self–determination theory (SDT)
According to Deci and Ryan (1985), Self–determination theory focus on an individual's knowledge
of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which are the factors to raise the most volitional and
most important practices of motivation and engagement for activities, including enhanced
performance, persistence, and creativity. In this theory, academic motivation is divided into 3
categories; intrinsic,

Self Determination Theory : The Theory Of Motivation
The self–determination theory is the general theory of motivation that states people need to feel
autonomous and in control of the decisions they make for themselves about themselves. Our
objective within this report is to show that by allowing individuals to make the decision for behavior
change, there is a greater probability of long term success for that change than if the decision is
made from an outside source. We examined several studies that used the self–determination theory
to motivate change for improved health. We then looked at how successful those studies were in
creating change long term.
The self–determination theory uses goal–directed behaviors but it makes distinctions between the
content of the goals and the regulatory processes through which the outcomes are reached. It also
uses the notion of innate psychological needs as the basis for this differentiation. The theory is based
off of people's instinctive motivation towards competence, autonomy, and relatedness.1 Individuals
have these basic tendencies and once these needs are fulfilled, the theory suggests that they can
reach their full potential for growth and development. Ongoing satisfaction of basic tendencies and
support from the social environment are both required to function effectively.2
There are two different types of motivation that the theory encompasses: autonomous motivation
and controlled motivation. Autonomous motivation is when individuals choose a behavior due to the
fact that

Introduction
In every culture and community throughout the world people dedicate themselves on behalf of
others and for the greater benefit of society (SnyderandOmoto2008). In Europe 23% of the
population over fifteen years of age engage in volunteering (StudyonVolunteeringEU2010).
Hartenian (2007) defines volunteering as regularly performing an activity without remuneration and
out of free will for the benefit of people outside the individual's own household and family.
Volunteerism is invaluable not only for today's society but for the volunteers themselves
(Lindenmeier2008). Non–profit organisations (NPOs) dependence on limited resources necessitates
relying on a substantial volunteer workforce (GrubeandPiliavin 2000). The recent shift from
traditional lifelong volunteering to sporadic and episodic volunteering has resulted in greater
challenges for attracting volunteers and motivating them to stay within an organisation for continued
long–term engagements (Wilson,2012). Therefore it is paramount for volunteering organizations to
adapt their coordination practices to facilitate the retention of their volunteers and avoid high
turnover costs, reduced organisational morale and decreased ability to serve the public
(Musick&Wilson,2008).
This writer has chosen to undertake a critical analysis of the self–determination theory (SDT) of
motivation and its practical application to volunteerism within a formal structure. SDT was chosen
as the distinction between autonomous

Exercise And Behavior Adoption For Many Reasons
This course has provided a new perspective on exercise and behavior adoption for many reasons.
The first and prominent realization I had was during the behavior change project. This assignment
allowed me to take a step back, and assess where I stand physically and mentally. I noticed that I
lacked discipline in my diet and exercise routines. That being said, I did exercise periodically prior
to this moment, but I knew that I was capable of accomplishing more and using my time more
wisely. The fact that this assignment allowed me to directly apply what we learned in class in my
life is appealing to me. There have been many theories and terms that we have covered, but items
such as the self–determination theory, social support, and the stimulus–response theory stood out,
probably due to incorporating them in my behavior change.
The self–determination theory has been made prevalent in my life as I have seen it hold true in my
personal goals, and I have used it to help motivate others to accomplish plans of interest. It is hard
for me to have a great influence on my family, due to being six hours away for college, but recently
my mother and I have been discussing exercise possibilities over the phone. She knows that she
should exercise, but has found it difficult to begin the change from being sedentary to physically
active. The self–determination theory has three main components; autonomy, competence, and
relatedness (Lox, 2014). I was able to use these factors to help

The Pros And Cons Of Commercial Whalinging
After careful consideration on the topic of whaling I believe, that there should be no exemption
made for Norway or Japan in regards to commercial whaling. There are currently exemptions to the
bans for Inuit, which can be seen as a cultural exemption, though reliance on whaling for food is
also a large factor here. To me, this also makes the difference. While there would be no immediate
threat to the whale's populations, the practice is perceived as cruel and outrages many people. At the
same time, I am uncomfortable to forbid something just because people dislike it. Therefore I would
personally be most satisfied with a middle ground solution, for example centralizing the whaling so
that no single nation, but an international authority would supply the quota of whale meat to the
nations in question. Actually resolving this matter seems highly controversial though, since anybody
willing to contribute to the discussion, has strong opinions on it. Using oceangoing trawler factories
to cross half the globe does not present the continuation of a traditional practice but rather the
commercialization of a cultural activity. While I belive the cultural activity needs consideration to
allow nations leeway, I don't belive a nation has the inherent right to take from the planet as they
please.
I wouldn't say that the whaling ban touches on national sovereignty all too much. Firstly, most of the
large scale whaling would take place in international waters and I don't believe a

The Heart Of The Self Determination Theory
According to Deci, Ryan, and Guay (2013) some people believe humans are empty organisms;
however, is it assumed by the meta–theory that we are inherently active and inclined by nature
toward inner organization. This means that even as children we all inherit an instinct to organize and
support our inner self in order to grow successfully. Through the meta–theory, self–determination
theory was built (Deci et al, 2013). The heart of the self–determination theory is based around three
autonomous behaviors. These three behaviors are intrinsically motivated behavior, extrinsically
motivated behavior, and emotion motivated behavior (Deci et al, 2013). Along with the three
motivated behaviors, self–determination theory also states that humans have three basic
physiological needs; they are competence, autonomy, and relatedness (Deci et al, 2013).
Competence is defined as the understanding and desire to interact effectively in one's environment
(Deci et al, 2013). Some people question whether or not competence is a "need" but research say it
is because its satisfaction is directly related to psychological wellness (Deci et al, 2013). Autonomy
is the necessity of experiencing a sense of choice as one behaves (Deci et al, 2013). According to
Deci and the other authors (2013), autonomy is needed from the beginning of birth until the time we
take our last breath. The third and final need is relatedness and it is the need for secure emotional
bonds between groups in order to feel

Infertility: A Study Of Inequality
This study tested 22 adults, 16 women and 6 men, ages ranged from 22–45 years' old who had
experienced infertility at one time. The subjects were interviewed face–to–face in a comfortable
environment. The interviews lasted approximately 60–90 minutes and all interviews focused on the
same topics and discussion points. The results of the interview were split into three main categories;
competence, or the ability to do something efficiently, autonomy, freedom from external control, and
relatedness. In terms of competence, the subjects being interviewed tended to agree that sex stopped
being intimate and started being about a goal that they set. Sex was now about success or failure and
if the couple was not able to conceive it was considered ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first three studies showed that features of game controls related to autonomy, meaning, people
felt a sense of independence when they were able to choose the way they play the game, whether
that is a change of controls or game mode completely. The fourth study showed a correlation
between multiplayer online games and relatedness, meaning, those who play online with people
regardless of location feel a sense of belonging. Overall this study found that based on the SDT
model, people can be motivated in terms of competence, autonomy, and relatedness. The researchers
of this study asked participants questions while they were waiting in line at the food pantry. The
questions took about 7–10 minutes and were decided upon based on extensive research. The field
experiment was conducted in the busy conditions found at community food pantries, and included
10 food distributions at each of six sites. Participants were able to choose their own food and recipes
that they felt would help them the most which was guided by the Self Determination Theory. When
comparing the results of the tailored recipe versus the controlled vegetables used the majority of
participants

Luban 's Critique Of Walzer Conception Of Legitimacy
In this paper, I will argue that Luban's critique of Walzer conception of legitimacy is misguided. I
will first present Walzer's argument for interventions using the "legalist paradigm," in particular his
conception of self–determination and how the principle of non–intervention may be set aside in
exceptional circumstances. I will then present Luban's critique of Walzer and his argument for
developing an account of Just War directly in terms of human rights, before concluding with my
own critique of Luban's argument.
To begin, it will be useful to outline the legalist paradigm, as Walzer conceives it. This paradigm
refers to six propositions:
There exists an international society of independent states
2. This international society has a law that establishes the rights of its members – above all, the
rights of territorial integrity and political sovereignty.
3. Any use of force or imminent threat of force by one state against the political sovereignty or
territorial integrity of another constitutes aggression and is a criminal act.
4. Aggression justifies two kinds of violent response: a war of self–defense by the victim and a war
of law enforcement by the victim and any other member of international society.
5. Nothing but aggression can justify war.
6. Once the aggressor state has been militarily repulsed, it can also be punished.
What all these propositions seek to uphold is the sovereignty of states and their ability to self–
determine their own futures. Aggression is

The Conflict Of The Civil Republic Of Yugoslavia
1. Introduction
Whilst both Palestine have distinct cases for statehood, there cases have also many similarities.
Kosovo struggle for statehood has been going on since the collapse of Soviet Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia in 1992. Whilst the Palestinian campaign for statehood has endured since 1948.
Examining both of their cases under the theories of statehood and recognition, neither country
emerges with a conclusive case for statehood. However, Palestine has the objectively easier case. In
order to assess each case for statehood, first one must analyse the different eligibility for statehood
under the right to self–determination. Next, one must evaluate the cases for statehood in respect to
the different theories of statehood. Following that, one should evaluate each entity's case for
recognition. Having completed the above process, it will become clear whether either state or both
states have a strong case for statehood.
2. Self–Determination
For states to recognise an entity's status as a state, they must place great importance on whether the
entity has the right to self–determination. This right initially arose in the context of de–colonisation
after World War II as a demand for a people's equal rights to be independent and represented in front
of the international community. The right to self–determination is the right to 'freely determine their
political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development'. It has carried
over in some manner,

Self Determination Theory
Self–determination Theory emphasizes seeking the best and healthiest way to grow. Self–
determination theory consists of autonomy, competence and relatedness, and when these needs are
met by someone, they feel motivated for action and feel positive emotions toward themselves and
their goals. (Intrinsic motivation). Autonomy is the feeling of freedom of choice, and ability to make
decisions for self. Competence is how capable one feels, being confident in their actions, and
relatedness means the connection that one feels towards and with others. For students in an
educational environment, they are more likely to succeed and do better if they have an intrinsic
motivational approach to their studies. One thing that can be changed or encouraged ... Show more
When we think business, we think more of a business man. There was an assumption that men are
better than women at mathematical skills, when that is not the case. Women actually tend to
underestimate their mathematical skills on surveys when they know they are being compared to
other male students. Jobs such as engineers, computer manufacturers, mathematicians are viewed
more of a male job and they all involve strength in mathematics. Classes that focus on the area of
one of those jobs, will likely consist more of men than female. The environmental stressor in this
situation being that if more men are in the field, it must mean they are slightly better and that those
job skills come more naturally to them. Therefore, when surveyed among other male students,
women fell under the pressure of these social factors, but when tested, they are just as smart as men
in regards to their math

Autonomy Support And Self-Determination Theory
Through the collection of research, it has been noted that training and development (T&D) has a
positive connection with intrinsic aspects of human needs within the workplace. Autonomy support
and the self–determination theory (SDT) were found to be the most common concepts in relation to
training and development and intrinsic human needs. Autonomy support (or autonomy–supportive
teaching) relates to "the interpersonal behavior teachers provide during instruction to identify,
nurture, and build students' inner motivational resources" (Deci, 1975; Reeve, Deci, & Ryan, 2004).
Self–determination theory is a theory of motivation that suggests that people tend to be driven
toward growth and "distinguishes between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations" ... Show more
These tips refer to autonomy–supportive teaching to medical interns, but some of the tips outlined in
the paper could also be applied more broadly in routine training and development within business
organizations. For example, having a person's internal state guide their behavior – this helps create a
state of self–determined motivation (autonomy), individuals that let their own internal state guide
their behavior are more attentive in a work environment. Another relevant tip is positive feedback,
which can be incorporated when an individual reaches the desired outcome (competence) and this
action is confirmed and acknowledged from a higher figure or co–worker. Finally, providing
emotional support (relatedness), enhances intrinsic motivation among individuals (Deci & Ryan,
2000b). These tips provide valuable insight on how to apply training and development in a positive
way, while at the same time, fulfilling the psychological needs associated with more positive
behavior in the workplace. This also supports the need for autonomy–supportive teaching within
training and development programs. By outlining three tips from this study, a clear example is given
of how to incorporate intrinsic motivation support that backs up the three psychological needs for
self–determination. Conversely, the relationship between training and development and intrinsic
need satisfaction is

The Role Of Autonomy In Sports
Review of Literature A sampling of sport participants was surveyed using a 2x2 achievement goal
framework with the intent of gaining an understanding of coach's support for autonomy and how it
complied with the basic psychological and motivational needs that an athlete might exhibit. Those
motivational needs would be divided into four major categories which are components of two major
halves, those four parts being, mastery avoidance goals, mastery performance goals, performance
approach goals, and performance avoidance goals (Weston, 2011). The investigators used a standard
deviation (M= 14.67, SD= 1.05). The results were collected, evaluated, then shared which
highlighted that the majority of those surveyed played multiple sports and those sports included but
weren't limited to, soccer, volleyball, basketball, swimming, and tennis. The results of this study
showed the investigators that, intrinsic motivational factors were ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
More times than not the motives that these athletes possess, allow them to bridge any cultural or
racial gap that might exist between their team mates, and or community which will ultimately allow
said athlete or individual to raise their motivational climate, which in turn leads them to some form
of success. That form of success again is predicated on whether or not that athlete believes in a
higher power. For example, it has been proven that one motivational climate can be adversely
affected by several different motivational factors, but investigators have yet been able to classify
which factor or variable is most important. Some researchers might propose that belief plays the
biggest part, in comparison to anything else because, if an athlete is truly exercising his or her faith
would he or she not cast all other concerns, variables, and other motives to the side and truly focus
on doing the work for the

How Does The Painters Job Score On The Core Job...
1. How does the painters job score on the core job characteristics before and after the changes were
made? How can the positive impact of the job redesign be explained? Job core characteristics fall
into five categories, which, are as follows: skill variety, task identity task significance, autonomy,
and job feedback. Skill variety is how many different activities a job has. I would say before and
after the changes skill variety was low. Task identity is to the degree a job is completed. Basically it
is how far along a person takes a job from the beginning to the end of a process. For the painter's
task identity, I would say it was moderate before and after the changes. Task significance is how
important the job is to the company or society in general. For the painters I would say the before and
after the changes task significance was moderate. Autonomy is the amount of freedom and
independence an employee has over a particular job. Before the changes the painter had very low
autonomy, nut after the changes I would say it was high. Last is job feedback, which is how much
information the employee receives on how well they did their job. I would say job feedback was
pretty high before and after the changes were made. The positive impact of job redesign can be seen
in autonomy redesign. Before the changes the room was too hot and the hook speed was too fast.
However, after the company let the employees place fans where they want and control the hook
speed the autonomy score

Professional Studies : Strategic Human Resource Management
Final Written Paper and Final Course Project for Master of Professional Studies
Strategic Human Resource Management
Courtney LeCompte
University of Denver University College
November 11, 2014
Faculty: Cecile Morris, PhD
Director: Patricia Greer, MBA
Dean: Michael McGuire, MLS
Abstract With over 1500 employees, Youth for Christ is considered a large non–profit organization.
The last several years have been a challenge for Youth for Christ. A dwindling economy has led to
decreased donations, budget cuts, and downsizing of staff. Budget cuts have affected all areas of the
organization and have led to lower motivation, decreased retention, and higher turnover levels. To
better understand the state of Youth for Christ and provide recommendations for improvement, it is
important to understand the background of the organization, any academic models that can be
applied to the organization to improve current challenges, and recommendations of implementation.
Part 1 Background of Youth for Christ Youth for Christ is an organization that has 175 chapters
nationally and one national headquarters, located in Englewood, Colorado. With all chapters
combined, the organization employs over 1500 individuals. About 10 percent are administrative
staff, managers, leadership teams, and employees that work at the corporate headquarters. At the
national headquarters, around $15 million dollars in donations are brought in annually, but these
figures continue to

A Comparison of the Dream in Death of a Salesman, Ellis...
The Dream in Death of a Salesman, Ellis Island, and America and I
The American dream is as varied as the people who populate America. The play The Death of a
Salesman by Arthur Miller, the poem "Ellis Island" by Joseph Bruchac, and the poem "America and
I" by Anzia Yezierska illustrate different perspectives of the American dream. All three authors show
some lines of thought on what the freedom inherent in the American dream means. The authors
clarify distinct ideas on the means to achieving the American dream. The authors also elucidate
some different goals striven for in the dream for a better life. Diverse ideas on how freedom plays
into the American dream, what actions are needed to achieve the American dream, ... Show more
14–15). Besides the freedom of opportunity, the freedom of self–determination, the ability to decide
your own fate, is shown to be inherent in the American dream. In The Death of a Salesman Biff
determines his own destiny and thereby achieves the American dream. Rather than becoming a
salesman as his father had hoped, Biff decided to work with his hands–the lifestyle which he new he
could enjoy. The poem " Ellis Island" said that the American dream is not achieved with the self–
determination of Americans, but rather, it is achieved by the theft of self–determination from Native
Americans. The line, "When the earth became owned", tells the reader that Americans only enjoy
success because they took America, the land of success, from its original residents, the Native
Americans (Bruchac l. 22). The poem "America and I" mentions the freedom gained once people are
liberated from constant hunger. It says, "For the first time in America, I'd cease to be a slave of the
belly. I'd be a creator, a giver, a human being" (Yezierska l. 16–17). When freed from the constant
need to find food, men can put their efforts towards achieving their dreams. In addition to showing
the relations of freedom to the American dream, the authors gave ideas on how the American dream
is achieved.
The authors showed two factors in successfully realizing the American dream: its method and its
requirements. The theories on

The Skeptic Theory of Morality in International Relations...
Introduction: Nuclear bombing of Nagasaki and Hiroshima, not answering the call for help in
Rwanda, allowing Germany to take over Czechoslovakia, supporting the creation of the state of
Israel, giving out loans (with interest) to developing countries, and the creation of the United
Nations are all forms of international interference and cooperation amongst states. When looking at
these examples and many more, it begs the question, does morality play a role in international
affairs of a state? George Kennan, a prominent Skeptic, would argue that in international politics
"other criteria, sadder, more limited, more practical, must be allowed to prevail." In this essay, I will
first present the Skeptic argument that morality either ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These societies would then form into hierarchical civilizations leading to the modern state where
laws and rules can not only be made but enforced to make peace and order is kept within the state.
(Forde, 15) In the international arena, there is no hierarchical rule to keep states in line or behaved;
meaning that the international system is constantly in anarchy, aka the state of nature. This lack of
rule enforcement puts states in a constant state of war, in a constant state where they need to stay on
guard and in a tactical advantage otherwise the safety and well being of their state will be in
jeopardy. In this scenario, the state's number one priority is to protect itself and act in its self interest
when need be, despite if it would typically be deemed immoral. (Donnelly 20) Machiavelli would
go so far that it is within every right for more powerful states to conquer and subjugate weaker states
because if another was to conquer that weaker state, they may have the advantage over you and
destroy your state. Preemptive strikes, imperialism, and unprovoked wars are fully justified to
Machiavelli because you either conquer or wait till your enemy attacks you. To some skeptics,
acting in self interest is the only form of morality in the state of nature. (Forde, 9) Thucydides
creates a moral argument that there is no justice between states of unequal power, and it is actually
immoral for weaker states to resist

Which Came First : The Chicken Or The Egg? Essay
Which came first: The chicken or the egg? Everything must have started from something. Societies
and civilizations do not appear out of nowhere, there has to have been a starting point, but where is
the line drawn? The idea of national self–determination seems simple and straightforward at first:
the people should have the right to determine their political status and to choose their own sovereign
state. However, problems arise when the questions of "who are the people", "where does this land
come from", and "how does one claim ownership" are asked. If there is a nation, then how did the
current, separate sovereign state come to be? While the idea of national self–determination is
beneficial to those living in a nation–state, the prerequisites required to make it available to many is
too difficult to attain.
What is national self –determination and where did it originate? In order to answer this critical
question, one must understand the concepts of nations, states, and nation–states. The two terms
nations and states are often used as synonyms, when in fact, they are two completely distinct
concepts. As introduced in our text, Introduction to politics and government, complied by Eline de
Rooij, a state is defined as an independent, "self–governing political community" that has the power
to create rules that are "binding on the population" (de Rooij, 2016, p. 26). The three elements of a
state include territory, a population, and sovereignty (which will be discussed in

The Relationship Between Self Determination And Academic...
A comparison between the characteristics of students with high self–determination and risky
outcomes of students with learning disabilities and ADHD reveal a connection. On one hand, those
with high self–determination show class engagement, motivation, and positive self–esteem
(Linnenbrink–Garcia & Patall). On the other hand, those with disabilities show disengagement or
dropout, demotivation or amotivation, and low self–esteem (American Psychological Association,
2013; Cortiella & Horowitz, 2012). This suggests that students with disabilities may be showing
deficits in self–determination, as they are displaying the opposite outcomes as those to be expected
in students with high self–determination (i.e., low connectedness and low sense of belonging).
Several studies have examined levels of self–determination, as well as factors that may lead to
higher or lower self–determination, in samples of students with learning disabilities or ADHD. For
example, a study by Zheng, Erickson, Kingston, and Noonan (2012) examined the relationship
between self–determination and academic achievement, concluding that differing levels of self–
determination could be used as a reliable predictor for achievement in students with learning
disabilities. Additionally, a study by Field, Sarver, and Shaw (2003) found that several
environmental factors may contribute to students' development of self–determination in special
education classrooms. One major factor they found was referred to as

Organizational Commitment
Organizational Commitment and Communication Paper Week 3
COM/530
10/27/2011
Introduction A look at an organization's communication and leadership styles can say a lot about the
organization as a whole. Google has a relaxed atmosphere, where management allows workers to
create their own schedules; and fosters creativity by allowing and encouraging their workers to
explore side projects (Google Culture, 2011). What would happen if the leadership style were to
change? This is one of the elements this paper will explore. A look will also be taken at: sources of
power within the organization, the employee's commitment to Google, how communication within
Google relates to the worker, other motivational theories which would work at Google ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Google has on site gymnasiums, chefs, laundry service, and shuttles (Google culture, 2011). By
providing for employees, Google works towards establishing an emotional attachment. Open
communication is encouraged and ideas are rewarded showing employees they have value in the
eyes of Google. This communication is necessary to create a sense of freedom at work and allow for
an open exchange of ideas.
Different Motivational Theories Google could benefit from the use of self–determination theory as
they look to empower their employees. This theory suggests workers want to feel they have free will
in choosing their work activities and take joy in what they do without feeling it has become an
obligation (Robbins, 2011). Communication plays an integral part in the application of this theory.
Workers need to know they have choices within the work they do and that managers are available
for discussion of changing roles or work activities. Google is a corporation that wants it employees
to interact at all levels and across teams. This environment may be excellent for reinforcement
theory, as this theory looks to reward positive actions immediately to ensure they are repeated and
also to punish negative actions to ensure they are not repeated (Robbins, 2011). If open
communication is encouraged

The Theory That Best Explains Jimmy 's Life On A Micro Level
Micro Level The theory that best explains Jimmy's life on a micro level, is Resiliency theory.
Resilience is described as "the capacity of a dynamic system to adapt successfully to disturbances
that threaten the viability, the function, or the development of that system" (Southwick, Bonanno,
Masten, Panter–Brick & Yehuda, 2014, p.4). This means that resilience can be shown by the
person's capacity to adjust himself to new and difficult situations. In Jimmy's case, during his life, he
had to adapt himself to different environmental conditions.
Jimmy was raised in Japan, but he came back to the United States. That means he had to experience
a new culture and traditions. Jimmy lost his family at some point in his life, therefore, he had
FORMULATION PAPER 6
to learn how to live without their company and support. Also, he was forced to go to the internment
camps and experience difficult living conditions. After, he went through that, he lived as a homeless
man. It is notable that Jimmy had to live in difficult environments and he had to adjust himself to
every single one of those scenarios in order to survive. He had to learn how to live in each different
environment and confront each obstacle in his life. In addition, Jimmy showed resilience by being
independent, even though he was homeless, he used his art as a way to survive and was able to live
as an independent person. He used his strengths to handle his personal situations and remain strong.
For example,

Job Enrichment Essay
Job Enrichment in the Nursing Profession
Employee motivation and job satisfaction are intertwined in ways that have implications for
organizational performance. Motivation has been explained as a goal oriented behaviour involving a
course of action leading to the attaining of a reward (Armstrong, 2006) and as the energy that
compels individuals to act persistently toward some goal (Berman, Bowman, West & Wart, 2010).
Within the framework of the present study, the consideration of satisfaction and motivation together
lead to the concept of job enrichment – initiatives for impacting employees ' experiences of job
satisfaction such that their experience and performance are improved.
The concept of job enrichment emerges from Herzberg 's theory, as employees ' higher order needs
should be the focus of organizational leaders interested in improving motivation. These include
giving employees more control, responsibility, and permission to use their own discretion in order to
get good results (Raza and Nawaz, 2011; Uduji, 2013). When this method is being applied,
employees are more often entrusted with responsibility, given opportunities to experience a sense of
achievement, opportunities for growth, appropriate recognition, a higher level of professional
autonomy, more importance, more control, and the ability to influence the work place circumstances
and practices (Yasdani, Yaghoubi, Giri, 2011). These characteristics suggest a very specific
characteristic of human nature

Self Determination Theory And Theory
The article provided talks extensively on the areas of the Self–Determination Theory, its stages and
the basic psychological needs, and its implications. The main purpose of this article is to inform the
audience of the Self–Determination Theory, while also giving clues as to what provides for higher
development. The article also gives many different studies to back–up the data supported by the
authors. The article describes that people are effected by the motivation that is used to generate their
behavior. Basically, this means that, although two people could be doing the very same activity,
what is motivating them, or how they are motivated, can have more of a lasting impact than the
activity itself. The article also implies that, "people have an inherent tendency toward growth and
development, and that this tendency will, under the right circumstances ... lead people toward
actualizing their human potential, which means to become all that they are capable of being (Deci,
Ryan, Guay. Pg 109)." Also, the purpose of understanding the Self–Determination Theory is also
rooted in the ideas that it will, "promote their full functioning (Deci, Ryan, Guay. Pg 110)." This
idea of full–functioning is interchangeable self–actualization as, "full functioning involves
individuals having access to and using all of their capacities for experience, connection, and
proactivity (Deci, Ryan, Guay. Pg 110)." The Self–Determination Theory, "proposes that all human
beings have three

A Strategic Framework For Managing Self
aEarned Sovereignty Revisited: Creating a Strategic Framework For Managing Self – By Paul R.
Williams, Abigail J. Avoryie, & Carlie J. Armstrong.
The major aim of this article by Paul R. Williams et, al. is an attempt to create a strategic framework
that allows parties to reach their own resolutions to the self–determination question in a way that
minimizes violence and instability
The authors stated that the "International community has failed to create an effective framework for
managing the issue of self–determination and this has paved way for an increase of self–
determination based movements which has led to an uncontrollable sovereignty–based conflicts
characterized by extreme violence."
From their findings, they discovered that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He argues that statehood is inherently social and that external politics, determine state birth. In other
words, his stance was that yearning states require the recognition of most of the world 's states to
authenticate their legitimacy; "They need friends in high places."
The authors investigation started with a critique of the prevailing Domestic–Level Explanations
offered by IR scholars, as the reason for the twentieth–century flux in state birth. He ascertained that
this model relies on a bottom–up causal mechanism which concentrates solely on local politics, thus
rendering it frail and anaemic. He emphasised the need for an Alternative Model
Thus, he ascertained that there is empirical evidence that supports his stance that the international
system is characterized as a social group. Thus, secessionist states could only gain recognition when
the existing states in the international community verifies their right to statehood.
Coggins adopted an objective approach in his analysis. He didn't totally refute the view that the
success of secessionist movements may hinge on domestic factors, but rather that domestic politics
only plays a little role. His stance was that the balance of forces, interests and recognition plays a
bigger role in determining the acceptance of a new state in the international community. The
acceptance and recognition of Kosovo, South Sudan and Croatia and the lack of

Helicopter Parenting And Its Influence On Children 's Life
Helicopter parenting has gained increasing awareness in popular media, academic literature, and the
general population. For example, recently, several popular parenting books have raised awareness
about parental over–involvement and how it may be associated with negative outcomes. The term
"helicopter parent" was first used in a famous parenting book, Parents & Teenagers by Dr. Haim
Ginott in 1969, by teenagers who described their parents as "hovering over them", like a helicopter.
This term refers to a parenting style that is over–focused on children; being involved in a child's life
in ways that are over controlling and overprotective. Lester–Smith defines "helicopter" or
overprotective parents as having a "heightened surveillance of their children's lives" (September 14,
2015), so that children are never allowed to experience risk. This term is commonly applied to
parents of college aged or high school students who believe that their children are not capable of
doing tasks alone, so they might call a professor about their child's poor grades or manage their
child's class schedule for them. Schiffrin et al. (2013) emphasize children's need for autonomy and
explain how this need increases over time "as they strive to become independent young adults" (p.
529). Therefore, parents are recommended to "adjust their level of involvement and control to their
child's developmental level" (Schiffrin et al., 2013, p. 529). However, many parents do not make this
adjustment, and this

The Theory Of Self Determination
In the chapter three of Drive, Pink put forward the theory of "Type X and Type Y". Edward Deci and
Richard Ryan also defined it as the theory of Self–Determination. They argue that all humans have
three needs of competence, autonomy and relatedness. They believed that individuals will be
motivated and enjoy when the three factors be balanced provided. 1. Autonomy is one important
factor of Motivation 3.0. Unlike Motivation 2.0, the leaders of a company or organization do not
need to supervise employees or holding a stick to punish any bad staff. On the contrary, motivation–
3.0 encourages the managers of business to rid of traditional measures and endow more autonomy to
employees and give them more freedom.2. Mastery is the second factor ... Show more content on
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It may increase when through hard working and practical. In other words, intelligence are not innate,
it's something you can develop after born. (2) Mastery is a pain. Nothing people obtain without
paying some cost. So getting intelligence, some skills or knowledge is not like playing games or
having fun. This law tells people that it is not easy to get the mastery, people have to experience
hard working. Mastery is not something that can be achieved easily, overnight. It takes what Pink
calls "grit", which is "perseverance and passion for long–term goals". (3)Mastery is an asymptote.
This law is not so easy to be understood at first. It means mastery is an objective in front of you
always; you can approach it and really get close to it. But it is always out of reach. It sounds a little
frustrating, but it can help people make progress and move forward all the time. During the process
of closing to the mastery, you get your rewards and your enjoyment (Pink, 2009). Purpose is the
third factor of Motivation 3.0, but it is the basis for the other two factors. Pink believes that an
individual before doing any task must have purpose or objective. The employees must know why
they do some task and what they can get from doing it. If the purpose is meaningful and profitable,
then the employees will obtain more motivation to effectively finish their task. In conclusion,
Whether personal fulfillment or academic success, we all need change to Type I from Type X. In my
opinion

The Theory Of Self Determination Essay
The idea of national self–determination is beneficial to those living in a nation–state, however, the
prerequisites required to make it available to many is too difficult to attain. Nation–states are said to
be the ideal regime: a system by the people, for the people. However, things in theories do not
always work out in practice. In this paper, I will explore concepts regarding self–determination
through its definitions, origins, theories, and practices, following with a number of complications
that restrict practical use and potential reasons of why the idea of self–determination may be
impractical to use on a global scale.
What is national self –determination and where did it originate? In order to answer this critical
question, one must understand the concepts of nations, states, and nation–states. The two terms
nations and states are often used as synonyms, when in fact, they are two completely distinct
concepts. As introduced in our text, Introduction to politics and government, by Eric Mintz, David
Close, Osvaldo Croci (2016), a state is defined as an independent, "self–governing political
community" that has the power to create rules that are "binding on the population" (p. 26). The three
elements of a state include territory, a population, and sovereignty (which will be discussed in
greater detail later). These are defining elements of; a state must have territory (land for its
community), a population residing within that territory (no matter how few), it must

Components of the Self Determination Theory Essay
Do I have to? I don't want to do the dishes. Sound familiar? People are motivated to engage in
activities throughout life and in the workplace that fulfill their basic needs, and avoid activities that
do not meet their needs. Research by Deci and Ryan (1985) supports the self– determination theory
as a formal theory that defines intrinsic and varied extrinsic sources of motivation and a description
of the respective roles of intrinsic and types of extrinsic motivation in cognitive and social
development and in individual differences. Extrinsic motivators come in various forms, creating
positive and some negative results when meeting individual basic psychological needs of autonomy,
competence and relatedness.
Needs
Autonomy
La Guardia ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All meet the needs of competence, relatedness and autonomy to achieve more.
Written
Written notes, e–mails, or a thank you letter from the supervisor on a job well done, is a tangible
reminder of their appreciation. The employee can post it on their wall in their office and look at it to
motivate them to strive to achieve the common goal. A note from the teacher in a child's folder
complimenting on their behavior, motivates the child to continue the behavior pattern in class.
Written acknowledgment meets the needs of competence, relatedness and autonomy to achieve
more.
Reward
A reward is a high extrinsic motivator. The reward can be monetary, gift certificate, day off with
pay, a two hour lunch, or working for two hours on anything but work. All entice performance and
competition in the workplace. A gold star, being the teacher's helper for a day, no daily house chores
for a week, and money, are all extrinsic awards in life children strive for. Reward acknowledgment
meets the needs of competence, relatedness and autonomy to achieve more.
Public Recognition
Award ceremonies, an employee's name published in the paper, or an announcement of recognition
in a board meeting, are all representative of public recognition to motivate employees. A name
announced at a school assembly, sporting event, or team competition, are all representative of public
recognition to motivate children

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