Over the years, one of the key criticisms of many of the agencies co.docx
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Over the years, one of the key criticisms of many of the agencies consolidated into the Department of Homeland Security was that they were “stove pipes” and they did not share information, or help each other out. Information held by one agency was not shared with another. One of the findings following the September 11, 2001 attack was intelligence agencies did not share information with law enforcement. In the Introduction to Part 3 of the primary text, William Bratton (2012) states, “In today’s increasingly networked world, organizations must collaborate across traditional boundaries or run the risk of irrelevance and failure. No one agency can do it alone” (p. 191). Initial Post Identify one of the key issues with information sharing and collaboration identified in Part 3 of the primary text (See Attached) . What is the deficiency? How has the deficiency been addressed? Did the formation of the Department of Homeland Security resolve the information flow? Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources. Use APA format to cite your sources in text as well as at the end of your post in the list of references. .
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Over the years, one of the key criticisms of many of the agencies co.docx
Over the years, one of the key criticisms of many of the agencies consolidated into the Department of Homeland Security was that they were “stove pipes” and they did not share information, or help each other out. Information held by one agency was not shared with another. One of the findings following the September 11, 2001 attack was intelligence agencies did not share information with law enforcement. In the Introduction to Part 3 of the primary text, William Bratton (2012) states, “In today’s increasingly networked world, organizations must collaborate across traditional boundaries or run the risk of irrelevance and failure. No one agency can do it alone” (p. 191).
Initial Post
Identify one of the key issues with information sharing and collaboration identified in Part 3 of the primary text. What is the deficiency? How has the deficiency been addressed? Did the formation of the Department of Homeland Security resolve the information flow?
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources. Use APA format to cite your sources in text as well as at the end of your post in the list of references.
.
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement T.docx
Assignment 2: Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement Tool
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
.
Each question should be done on a separate word document, with refer
Each question should be done on a separate word document, with references.
Question 1
Revelations about the collection of vast amounts of data on telephone and computer use by the National Security Agency (NSA) have raised concerns about the threat to privacy. At the same time, many private companies collect extensive information on computer users. Read Craig Mundie (2014) "
Privacy
(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
pragmatism: A
(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
focus on data use, not data collection (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
." (right-click to open in new window)Â
Foreign Affairs,
Mar.-Apr. 2014. Retrieved from Columbia College online library,
Global Issues in Context
database. Look for a copy in
Files
Also, take a look at this one page brief by the
National Review (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
on the unmasking of U.S. Citizens. Does this review give you a reason for heartburn over not just the unmasking, but then leaking to the press? Click on the National Review link or see in course materials Unit 4. For background on the legal requirements of NSA unmasking and the 702 warrants see Hirsch and Maxey (March 24, 2017).
What are the arguments for changing the way we think about privacy in the modern world?
What concerns do you have about the extent to which government and corporations store and use information collected from citizens to spy on those same citizens? What benefits do you see?
References
Hirsch, S. and Maxey, L., (March 24, 2017). "Unmasking of U.S. Citizens in NSA Intercepts," The Cipher Brief. Retrieved from
https://www.thecipherbrief.com/article/exclusive/north-america/unmasking-us-citizens-found-nsa-intercepts-1091 (Links to an external site.)
Question 2
Watch the Frontline episode “Top Secret America: 9/11 to the Boston Bombings” that recounts a history of American intelligence efforts since 9/11. The program touches on many highly controversial intelligence issues including the justification for the Iraq War, the use of rendition and torture to gather intelligence, the use of drone weapons, broad surveillance of telephone and computer communications, widespread use of license plate and facial recognition technology, and camera surveillance. There has been a substantial investment in intelligence capabilities to conduct the War on Terror and prevent terrorist attacks. Is this effort relevant today?
Please address the following questions with brief answers (about 150 to 200 words):
Write using third person perspective
Justify using authoritative sources (peer review journals, published sources, FBI, etc.)
What questions does “Top Secret America” raise about U.S. intelligence gathering?
Is the gathering of intelligence infringing on civil liberties? Justify your answer.
Is the intelligence effort making America safe? Justify your answer.
Are these efforts relevant today?
Video
Frontline (2013). ...
Lewallen final
This document discusses congressional oversight of cybersecurity information sharing. It begins by defining congressional oversight and describing the tools Congress uses for oversight, such as hearings, investigations, and control over nominations and funding. It then discusses how information sharing has grown as a policy approach for cybersecurity and the challenges it poses for oversight. Specifically, information sharing limits Congress's role in overseeing policy and many oversight tools are less effective when applied to information sharing, which can disadvantage Congress and limit its ability to ensure policy goals are being met. The nature of cybersecurity problems and reliance on the private sector also influence the challenges of overseeing information sharing approaches.
Bashar H. Malkawi, The Forum on National Security Law
The National Security Law Brief is excited to publish the second issue of the Forum on National Security Law. This issue, completed with the help and support of the Volume IX editorial board, is a project designed to increase the Brief’s scope by providing an opportunity for practitioners and students alike to explore debates in national security law and policy through short, topical pieces.
Hello dr. aguiar and classmates,for this week’s forum we were as
The document discusses three potential capstone project topics related to security management. Topic 1 examines the positive and negative effects of implementing Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) at public schools. Topic 2 focuses on the essential need for U.S. maritime port security and the importance of compatibility between private and government security functions. Topic 3 addresses the required need for adequate training of private security professionals and how integrated training with law enforcement could advance security.
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 1.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By
Wednesday, July 15, 2015
, submit your report to the
M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Sox Pros And Cons
The document discusses the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which was passed in response to several major accounting scandals in order to improve financial disclosure and implement stronger internal controls for public companies. It established new or enhanced standards for all U.S. public company boards, management and public accounting firms regarding issues such as auditor independence, internal control assessment and corporate governance. The Act also created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board to oversee the audits of public companies and strengthens the standards for auditor independence.
Recommended
Over the years, one of the key criticisms of many of the agencies co.docx
Over the years, one of the key criticisms of many of the agencies consolidated into the Department of Homeland Security was that they were “stove pipes” and they did not share information, or help each other out. Information held by one agency was not shared with another. One of the findings following the September 11, 2001 attack was intelligence agencies did not share information with law enforcement. In the Introduction to Part 3 of the primary text, William Bratton (2012) states, “In today’s increasingly networked world, organizations must collaborate across traditional boundaries or run the risk of irrelevance and failure. No one agency can do it alone” (p. 191).
Initial Post
Identify one of the key issues with information sharing and collaboration identified in Part 3 of the primary text. What is the deficiency? How has the deficiency been addressed? Did the formation of the Department of Homeland Security resolve the information flow?
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources. Use APA format to cite your sources in text as well as at the end of your post in the list of references.
.
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement T.docx
Assignment 2: Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement Tool
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
.
Each question should be done on a separate word document, with refer
Each question should be done on a separate word document, with references.
Question 1
Revelations about the collection of vast amounts of data on telephone and computer use by the National Security Agency (NSA) have raised concerns about the threat to privacy. At the same time, many private companies collect extensive information on computer users. Read Craig Mundie (2014) "
Privacy
(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
pragmatism: A
(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
focus on data use, not data collection (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
." (right-click to open in new window)Â
Foreign Affairs,
Mar.-Apr. 2014. Retrieved from Columbia College online library,
Global Issues in Context
database. Look for a copy in
Files
Also, take a look at this one page brief by the
National Review (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
on the unmasking of U.S. Citizens. Does this review give you a reason for heartburn over not just the unmasking, but then leaking to the press? Click on the National Review link or see in course materials Unit 4. For background on the legal requirements of NSA unmasking and the 702 warrants see Hirsch and Maxey (March 24, 2017).
What are the arguments for changing the way we think about privacy in the modern world?
What concerns do you have about the extent to which government and corporations store and use information collected from citizens to spy on those same citizens? What benefits do you see?
References
Hirsch, S. and Maxey, L., (March 24, 2017). "Unmasking of U.S. Citizens in NSA Intercepts," The Cipher Brief. Retrieved from
https://www.thecipherbrief.com/article/exclusive/north-america/unmasking-us-citizens-found-nsa-intercepts-1091 (Links to an external site.)
Question 2
Watch the Frontline episode “Top Secret America: 9/11 to the Boston Bombings” that recounts a history of American intelligence efforts since 9/11. The program touches on many highly controversial intelligence issues including the justification for the Iraq War, the use of rendition and torture to gather intelligence, the use of drone weapons, broad surveillance of telephone and computer communications, widespread use of license plate and facial recognition technology, and camera surveillance. There has been a substantial investment in intelligence capabilities to conduct the War on Terror and prevent terrorist attacks. Is this effort relevant today?
Please address the following questions with brief answers (about 150 to 200 words):
Write using third person perspective
Justify using authoritative sources (peer review journals, published sources, FBI, etc.)
What questions does “Top Secret America” raise about U.S. intelligence gathering?
Is the gathering of intelligence infringing on civil liberties? Justify your answer.
Is the intelligence effort making America safe? Justify your answer.
Are these efforts relevant today?
Video
Frontline (2013). ...
Lewallen final
This document discusses congressional oversight of cybersecurity information sharing. It begins by defining congressional oversight and describing the tools Congress uses for oversight, such as hearings, investigations, and control over nominations and funding. It then discusses how information sharing has grown as a policy approach for cybersecurity and the challenges it poses for oversight. Specifically, information sharing limits Congress's role in overseeing policy and many oversight tools are less effective when applied to information sharing, which can disadvantage Congress and limit its ability to ensure policy goals are being met. The nature of cybersecurity problems and reliance on the private sector also influence the challenges of overseeing information sharing approaches.
Bashar H. Malkawi, The Forum on National Security Law
The National Security Law Brief is excited to publish the second issue of the Forum on National Security Law. This issue, completed with the help and support of the Volume IX editorial board, is a project designed to increase the Brief’s scope by providing an opportunity for practitioners and students alike to explore debates in national security law and policy through short, topical pieces.
Hello dr. aguiar and classmates,for this week’s forum we were as
The document discusses three potential capstone project topics related to security management. Topic 1 examines the positive and negative effects of implementing Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) at public schools. Topic 2 focuses on the essential need for U.S. maritime port security and the importance of compatibility between private and government security functions. Topic 3 addresses the required need for adequate training of private security professionals and how integrated training with law enforcement could advance security.
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 1.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By
Wednesday, July 15, 2015
, submit your report to the
M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Sox Pros And Cons
The document discusses the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which was passed in response to several major accounting scandals in order to improve financial disclosure and implement stronger internal controls for public companies. It established new or enhanced standards for all U.S. public company boards, management and public accounting firms regarding issues such as auditor independence, internal control assessment and corporate governance. The Act also created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board to oversee the audits of public companies and strengthens the standards for auditor independence.
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By
Wednesday, February 3, 2016
, submit your report to the
M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 1.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
.
Required Clinton , L (2011). Industry- Government Partnership.docx
Required
: Clinton , L (2011).
Industry- Government Partnership for Cyber Defense
,
Journal of Strategic Security
, Volume 4, Number 2 , Summer 2011
Larry Clinton describes government-industry partnership as similar to a parent-child relationship, wherein the parent (government) feels the need to exhibit some tough love on an uncooperative and immature child (the private sector). The analogy breaks down, however, when one realizes that in this case the "child" (industry) is actually far bigger, stronger, and has more resources than the supposed parent. Clinton argues it is the parent (government) in this case that is ultimately reliant on the child for cyber security. While industry cyber systems are vulnerable to attack-as are virtually all infrastructures historically- the market has produced an array of effective means to protect their cyber systems. The problem is the lack of proper implementation of cyber security best practices and relatively simple fixes, like software updates and security patches.
After reading the article, what do you think needs to be done and how do we get people to do it?
Will a traditional regulatory model work in this space, or does a newer model to address uniquely 21st century issues need to evolve?
Whom should the government regulate?
Conclude with a research or policy question for further research
.
(only 350 words )In the wake of the terrorist attacks in Sep.docx
(only 350 words )
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 9/11 Commission recommended that the U.S. Intelligence Community (USIC) find a way to improve information sharing of terrorism-related intelligence at all three levels of government (local, state, and federal). The USIC’s answer to this recommendation was the creation of intelligence
fusion centers
.
Since the creation of these intelligence fusion centers, there has been much controversy because of the large amounts of personal information secretly collected and shared within the U.S. intelligence and law enforcement communities. In addition, some critics argue that in the years since their creation, fusion centers and the law enforcement entities affiliated with them have moved away from their original purpose and instead have utilized federal grants and resources to fight local crime.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following:
In your opinion, how effective are U.S. fusion centers? Explain.
Do you feel that the creation of fusion centers has improved information sharing of terrorism-related information at all three levels of government? Why or why not?
Do you feel that fusion centers have ultimately moved away from their intended purpose? Why or why not?
Are fusion centers now being used as a local law enforcement tool to help fight local crime? Why or why not?
.
(only 350 words )In the wake of the terrorist attacks in Septe.docx
(only 350 words )
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 9/11 Commission recommended that the U.S. Intelligence Community (USIC) find a way to improve information sharing of terrorism-related intelligence at all three levels of government (local, state, and federal). The USIC’s answer to this recommendation was the creation of intelligence
fusion centers
.
Since the creation of these intelligence fusion centers, there has been much controversy because of the large amounts of personal information secretly collected and shared within the U.S. intelligence and law enforcement communities. In addition, some critics argue that in the years since their creation, fusion centers and the law enforcement entities affiliated with them have moved away from their original purpose and instead have utilized federal grants and resources to fight local crime.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following:
In your opinion, how effective are U.S. fusion centers? Explain.
Do you feel that the creation of fusion centers has improved information sharing of terrorism-related information at all three levels of government? Why or why not?
Do you feel that fusion centers have ultimately moved away from their intended purpose? Why or why not?
Are fusion centers now being used as a local law enforcement tool to help fight local crime? Why or why not?
.
Read the 10-page report titled Information Sharing, Dot Connecting.docx
Read the 10-page report titled
Information Sharing, Dot Connecting and Intelligence Failures: Revisiting Conventional Wisdom,
by Russell Travers (2009). To access the report, click on the following link, and then scroll down to the bottom of the page. At the bottom, click on the link with the same title as the report:
National Counterterrorism Center Web site
Travers argues that information sharing in general has improved significantly since the attacks of 9/11. He proceeds to deconstruct many popular arguments made by others claiming that intelligence gathering and information sharing, as practiced by entities in the United States today, are flawed. He also discusses legal, policy-based, and regulatory obstacles that impair reasonable intelligence and information collection and processing.
After reading this piece, complete the following:
Define (that is, "operationalize") the concepts of
intelligence
versus
information
.
Do differences in these terms matter?
How might either be easier—or more difficult—to share with other agencies?
Also consider if some levels of government or sectors of society might be more or less amenable to sharing information. (For example, private sector entities that own and operate critical infrastructure upon which the nation or communities rely might hesitate to share proprietary information that makes them less competitive, economically. Is their reluctance reasonable?)
Research, summarize, critically evaluate, and report at least 3 of the significant information-sharing problems and challenges (and key agencies) reported in the 9/11 Commission Report.
For each of these challenges, use or dispute at least 2 of Travers’ main arguments that he makes in his paper to explain or justify these challenges.
Make certain to connect Travers’ arguments to the report’s challenges that you select.
.
Sizing the Cyber Skills Gap
This document summarizes a white paper that evaluates claims of a global shortage of cybersecurity professionals, known as the "cyber skills gap". It discusses the origins of frequently cited estimates that there are 1 million open cybersecurity jobs worldwide. While many organizations report difficulty filling cybersecurity roles, the 1 million number originated from Cisco reports without clear sources. The document traces discussion of a cyber skills gap among US government agencies and non-profits beginning in the late 2000s. While a gap likely exists, the size and implications are worth examining given past exaggerations in the cybersecurity field.
Ac breaking cyber-sharinglogjam_web
Join the Atlantic Council's Cyber Statecraft Initiative on February 18 from 3:00 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. for a discussion on the challenges to information sharing and innovative ways to break the logjam.
HM501Unit 3 Discussion Question· Unit 3 Discussion Topic 1
HM501
Unit 3 Discussion Question
· Unit 3 Discussion Topic 1
Part 1:Discussion Topic/Please Respond
Current Topics
Please research some current events (Condo Collapse in Florida) or (American Troops withdrawing from Afghanistan) (whatever is current in the news) related to the course topics covered in Units 1–2 and post at least two of these events to the Discussion Board. Within your posting, describe how your chosen items tie to your course so far. You may use the Library or any other outside resource for your research. Be sure to use proper citation.
Part 2: Topic 1: Student Response #1 (Respond to Angela Spindle below)
Hello everyone.
These are the current events I chose. I believe both of them tie directly to things we have covered in the last two weeks.
Five Handguns Caught at Baltimore/Washington Checkpoints in June
So far this has brought the total for this year to just one less that the total for all of 2020. In each instance TSA found the guns using x-rays for carry-on bags during passenger check in. This ties to the course so far because TSA was created for homeland security, and this is an example of the work they do.
White House urges mayors to meet with state cybersecurity officials on ransomware.
The White House is asking for Mayors to be more proactive with their cybersecurity measures in light of all the recent ransomware attacks. This is tied to this course so far because we have covered homeland security policies, and even spent some time coming up with changes we would suggest to help. This article pushes that further by acknowledging that it is an ongoing issue that we must all stay on top of.
References
Five Handguns Caught at Baltimore/Washington Checkpoints in June. (n.d.). Retrieved from GTSC Homeland Security Today: https://www.hstoday.us/subject-matter-areas/airport-aviation-security/five-handguns-caught-at-baltimore-washington-checkpoints-in-june/
Grieg, J. (n.d.). White House urges mayors to meet with state cybersecurity officials on ransomware. Retrieved from ZD Net: https://www.zdnet.com/article/white-house-urges-mayors-to-meet-with-state-cybersecurity-officials-on-ransomware/?&web_view=true
Topic 1: Student Response #2 (Respond to Donald DerryBerry below)
Dr. Kapperman and classmates –
The McDonald’s Corporation sustained a data breach when it was discovered that unauthorized activity was being performed on an internal server from outside sources (Haddon, 2021). The crime affected some data from the U.S., South Korea, and Taiwan operations. Employee and customer personal information was compromised, but no financial data was compromised. I use this is as an example of a cybercrime being committed to a U.S. based company with International operations. This type of crime demonstrates the importance of cyber-protection within the private sector on their internal networks as referenced in our textbook (Bullock, et al., 2018).
The second current event I chose is the withdrawal of U.S. forces from Afghani ...
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 911 Com.docx
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 9/11 Commission recommended that the U.S. Intelligence Community (USIC) find a way to improve information sharing of terrorism-related intelligence at all three levels of government (local, state, and federal). The USIC’s answer to this recommendation was the creation of intelligence
fusion centers
.
Since the creation of these intelligence fusion centers, there has been much controversy because of the large amounts of personal information secretly collected and shared within the U.S. intelligence and law enforcement communities. In addition, some critics argue that in the years since their creation, fusion centers and the law enforcement entities affiliated with them have moved away from their original purpose and instead have utilized federal grants and resources to fight local crime.
Assignment Guidelines
In 5–6 paragraphs, address the following:
In your opinion, how effective are U.S. fusion centers? Explain.
Do you feel that the creation of fusion centers has improved information sharing of terrorism-related information at all three levels of government? Why or why not?
Do you feel that fusion centers have ultimately moved away from their intended purpose? Why or why not?
Are fusion centers now being used as a local law enforcement tool to help fight local crime? Why or why not?
Post a new topic to the Discussion Board that contains your responses to the above questions.
Comment on at least 2 other students' posts.
.
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 911 Com.docx
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 9/11 Commission recommended that the U.S. Intelligence Community (USIC) find a way to improve information sharing of terrorism-related intelligence at all three levels of government (local, state, and federal). The USIC’s answer to this recommendation was the creation of intelligence
fusion centers
.
Since the creation of these intelligence fusion centers, there has been much controversy because of the large amounts of personal information secretly collected and shared within the U.S. intelligence and law enforcement communities. In addition, some critics argue that in the years since their creation, fusion centers and the law enforcement entities affiliated with them have moved away from their original purpose and instead have utilized federal grants and resources to fight local crime.
Assignment Guidelines
In 5–6 paragraphs, address the following:
In your opinion, how effective are U.S. fusion centers? Explain.
Do you feel that the creation of fusion centers has improved information sharing of terrorism-related information at all three levels of government? Why or why not?
Do you feel that fusion centers have ultimately moved away from their intended purpose? Why or why not?
Are fusion centers now being used as a local law enforcement tool to help fight local crime? Why or why not?
Post a new topic to the Discussion Board that contains your responses to the above questions.
Comment on at least 2 other students' posts.
In your own words, please post a response to the Discussion Board and comment on at least two other postings. You will be graded on the quality of your postings.
For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials.
Unit Materials
.
Larry KeaslerAs part of the nation’s 16 Critical Infrastructure .docx
The Defense Industrial Base (DIB) Sector directly supports the U.S. military through the production of materials and services. The Department of Defense is responsible for leading collaboration efforts between agencies like the Department of Energy and private sector partners to identify and manage risks to critical DIB infrastructure. The private sector provides support through research, manufacturing, and logistics across 10 segments including missile, aircraft, and electronics production. While the types of materials produced differs from other sectors, the DIB is defined by its customer of the Department of Defense and vulnerability assessments consider impacts to national security.
Cyber Legislation
This document summarizes and analyzes a paper about recent efforts in the US Congress to pass legislation addressing cybersecurity and data protection. It argues that corporations lobbying for such legislation are cynically shaping laws to shift responsibility for data protection from companies to the public, benefiting corporations without risk. By conflating cybercrime and cyberterrorism, corporations position protecting private interests as protecting national security, gaining influence over the legislative process. However, this does little to safeguard individual rights while protecting corporate interests at public expense.
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforceme.docx
Assignment 2: Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement Tool
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Community Policing
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By the due date assigned
, submit your report to the
Submissions Area
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
...
250 words agree or disagreeFusion CentersFollowing the 91.docx
250 words agree or disagree
Fusion Centers
Following the 9/11 attacks and the subsequent reform of the intelligence community and law enforcement agencies, the Department of Homeland Security created fusion centers throughout the country in order to facilitate information sharing for tribal, local, state, and federal government agencies (Khan, 2012). According to Khan (2012), the centers “have ‘not produced useful intelligence to support federal counterterrorism efforts’ and have ‘too often wasted money and stepped on American civil liberties’” (Khan, 2012). However, these figures and statements should be corroborated with the multiple intelligence overseeing committees within the Senate and Congress to inform the public of the real information at hand. Yet, Senator Levin states that these centers “’may provide valuable services in fields other than terrorism’ like criminal investigations, public safety or disaster response” (Khan, 2012). Overall, these centers have access to classified information and when other analysts upload their products and reports in SIPR and JWICS systems, then it enables others to search through these products through Intelink.com on the classified systems.
Intelligence Reform
The National Security Act of 1947 established different agencies and positions regarding the military and intelligence community. Throughout the years, different policies and laws have been enacted to ensure that intelligence agencies follow established procedures and all laws so they do not run into issues or violate these laws. Following the 9/11 attacks, the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act was signed and “is the most recent legislative action to reform the community’s performance and management. While the IRTPA has contributed to intelligence improvements, such as increased sharing of data on terrorism, most in and around the intelligence community would assert that managing the intelligence enterprise is still a work in progress” (Strickland & Whitlock, 2012). National intelligence managers were created in order to facilitate integration of “intelligence strategies that support national security outcomes” (Strickland & Whitlock, 2012). Another significant change is that the person holding the position of the Director of National Intelligence keep an important relationship with the President due to the President being a consumer of intelligence (Strickland & Whitlock, 2012).
Three Philosophical Lessons
There are 3 philosophical lessons concerning intelligence that include Simpson’s Paradox, Skyrms’ Resiliency Theory, and Casual Inference. Simpson’s Paradox “has immediate consequences for the development of optimal strategies for the sharing of data, and for the targeted deployment of intelligence-gathering resources” (Mole, 2012). Overall, it is best to share the data different entities have to be able to better plan and coordinate efforts to where it is most likely to get the best out of. Skyrms’ Resiliency Theory d.
Indicators and WarningsSearching for and recognizing indicat.docx
Indicators and Warnings
Searching for and recognizing indicators of potential terrorist activity require a great deal of focus, determination, and patience, especially given the extensive amount of information that must be reviewed. At best, indicators can prevent terrorist attacks. At worst, indicators can be inaccurate or irrelevant. Indicators of potential terrorist activity are wide ranging and may include exhibiting violence against persons or property, purchasing high-performance automatic weapons, and displaying civil disobedience (Global Security, 2009). Warnings are notifications sent to government officials and/or the public about potentially imminent terrorist threats. Undoubtedly, warnings can save lives. However, if warnings are based on inaccurate or irrelevant information they also can heighten security and create fear without reason.
Reference: Global Security (2009).
Combating terrorism
. Retrieved from
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/army/fm/7-98/F798_4.htm
readings:
Course Text:
McEntire, D. A. (2019).
Introduction to homeland security: Understanding terrorism with emergency management
(2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.
Chapter 8, "Preventing Terrorist Attacks: Root Causes, Law, Intelligence, and Counterterrorism" (pp. 161 -166)
Article:
Carter, D. L. & Carter, J. G. (2009). The intelligence fusion process for state, local, and tribal law enforcement.
Criminal Justice and Behavior, 36
(12), 1323–1339.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article:
Dahl, E. J. (2005). Warning of terror: Explaining the failure of intelligence against terrorism.
The Journal of Strategic Studies, 28
(1), 31-55.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article:
Department of Homeland Security. (2009).
Homeland security: Progress in implementing 9/11 Commission recommendations
. Retrieved from
http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/9-11-commission-update-report-7-22-10.pdf
Article:
Kean, T. H., Hamilton, L. H., Ben-Veniste, R., Fielding, F. F., Gorelick, J.S., Gorton, S. et al. (2005).
Final report on 9/11 Commission recommendations
.
9/11 Public Discourse Project,
1-5
.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article:
Mahnken, T. (2005). Spies and bureaucrats: Getting intel right.
Public Interest, 159
, 22-42.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article:
The Library of Congress. (2002).
Legislation related to the attacks of September 11, 2001
. Retrieved from
http://thomas.loc.gov/home/terrorleg.htm
To prepare for this Discussion:
Review the article "The Intelligence Fusion Process for State, Local, and Tribal Law Enforcement." Think about how the fusion process is important for identifying indicators and warnings.
Review the online article "How to Forecast and Preempt al-Qaeda's Catastrophic Terrorist Warfare." Focus on examples of attack indicators and consider their importance for preventing terrorist attacks.
Review the article "Warning of Te.
HY1020When answering the written response questions please follo.docx
HY1020
When answering the written response questions please follow these requirements:
· Your answer to each question should contain a minimum 200-word response.
· Spelling and grammar will impact your grade.
· Make certain to proofread each response carefully before clicking on the submit button. General encyclopedias are not acceptable sources. Examples include, but are not limited to, Wikipedia, Encarta, and World Book.
· Make certain that all of your sources (including your textbook) are referenced at the end of your response and that the information within your response is cited to show the difference between your ideas and your sources.
Reference
Levack, B., Muir, E., & Veldman, M. (2011). The west: Encounters & transformations, vol II (Rev: 3). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Longman
Unit V Assessment
Question 1
Choose and identify one propaganda poster from two different warring nations. Describe the message each poster is trying to convey. Which is more effective, and why?
Your response should be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Question 2
Identify and discuss three of Wilson’s Fourteen Points. Were these points fair to all parties or willingly accepted?
Your response should be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Question 3
Assume the perspective of a newly recruited teenager in the war. Choose and identify your side; describe your experience including pressures/motivations to enlist, expectations, and experience on or near the front lines.
Your response should be at least 500 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Surveillance, Secrecy, and the
Search for Meaningful
Accountability
Su d h a Se t t y *
One o f the most intractable problems in the debate around maintaining
the rule o f law while combating the threat o f terrorism is the question o f
secrecy and transparency. In peacetime, important tenets to the nile o f law
include transparency o f the law, limits on government power, and consistency
o f the law as applied to individuals in the polity. Yet the post-9/11 decision
making by the Bush and Obama administrations has been characterized by
excessive secrecy that stymies most efforts to hold the government
accountable fo r its abuses. Executive branch policy with regard to detention,
interrogation, targeted killing, and surveillance are kept secret, and that
secrecy has been largely validated by a complia.
1Running head CYBERWARCYBER WAR9Outstanding title.docx
1
Running head: CYBERWAR
CYBER WAR
9
Outstanding title page formatting
Cyber War
Name
University
Professor
04/28/2018
Introduction Cyber War
Cyber warfare refers to a computer or network-based conflict that disrupts the activities of a state or
organization by deliberate attacking critical infrastructures. Cyber attacks can also be described as an attack by hostile groups such as terrorist or hacker groups aimed, at furthering the goals of a given nation. To have a better understanding, cyber warfare can take different forms such as; viruses that can take down water supplies, military systems, transportation systems, hacking and theft of critical data from government and private institutions. This paper will focus on assessing various mechanism applied in different articles to counter cybersecurity and protect critical infrastructure. Further, by analyzing the results and experience in Xia, Becerra-Fernandez, Gudi, & Rocha-Mier (2011), the essay will also show how
the findings can be utilized in real life scenario.
1. What do the articles have in common?
According to Clemente (2011), the advancement of interconnection between different infrastructures sectors has boosted by the escalation of cyberspace. The author points out that the security
implications are inevitable especially in this era of cyberspace and infrastructure. The main idea in the article involves around the definition of ‘critical’ infrastructure to enable effective prioritization and protection of nodes and connection points. FEMA (2013
), points out that the United States well being relies upon secure critical infrastructure that forms American society. According to Saadawi, & Jordan
, (2011), there is need to establish an international cyber union that will help overcome cybersecurity challenges in securing cyberinfrastructure. This article considers the practical considerations that are associated with EINSTEIN 3 and how this can be used to ensure effective protection of critical infrastructure networks. Having evaluated the main argument of these articles, they all share the aspect of understanding cybersecurity and different ways ensuring infrastructure protection.
2. What are the differences in their assessment of cybersecurity and critical infrastructure protection?
The above articles portray some distinction in their evaluation of cyber war and protection of vital infrastructure. The first article by Clemente (2011), tries to examine how cybersecurity challenges can be overcome by understanding various components in society. The article offers more theoretical approaches to counterattack cybersecurity and protection of critical infrastructures. The second article by FEMA (2013
) is more detailed and comprehensive on the issue of cybersecurity and protection of critical infrastructures in the society. For instance, it offers a plan that will require a federal agency (SSA) to lead a coordinated process for vital infrastructure security within criti ...
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement T.docx
Assignment 2: Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement Tool
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
*Wrote in third party. NO Opinions..
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Please respond to at least 2 other students. Responses should be a m.docx
Please respond to at least 2 other students. Responses should be a minimum of 150 words and include direct questions.
AARON BECKER
Here’s the thing, in my Week 1 Forum I addressed a major concern of mine. This concern surfaced after the investigation into the 9/11 attacks. Since the change in national security efforts over the last 17 years, the perspectives portrayed by the 9/11 Commission have guided our Nation’s Intelligence Community (IC) and the strategies and legislation put into place to prevent another chaotic event. Basically, this class confirmed what we all have learned by now: 9/11 could have been prevented. Unfortunately, the truth of the matter is more enhanced technology, better information exchange, and advanced training are some issues which ushered in a blatant attack under the radar.
The United States Government does deserve some credit. There have been nearly 20 years of research, special panels, investigative committees, funding grants, training guidelines, new government entities, and so much more which have helped to contribute to a more effective fight against terror. In fact, much of the change has begun to focus on terror prevention, rather than a centralized approach on how to respond to attacks.
This forum asks us to state whether or not our opinions have changed since we began this course to now. I have to say, my opinion has changed somewhat for the better. When I first began this journey into the study of Homeland and National Security, I had no idea the changes that had taken place since 9/11. In regards to my specific area of interest, I have gained more knowledge about what is actually going on. I believe the government has been making a concerted effort to ensure that law enforcement agencies are privy to pertinent matters of national security. When I know it seems the most valuable information will never be trusted in the hands of those without Top Secret clearances, I cannot help but feel this may be a barrier between responding to attacks and the ability to prevent them in the first place.
My first post mentioned the idea that law enforcement training academies have been uprooted, and the training has seen a trend toward national security efforts (Flores, 2012). In fact, when I went through the academy over 2 years ago, I recall some training about criminal profiling and crime statistics that would reveal certain aspects of those who make terrorist watch lists. Additionally, local projects such as Business Partners Against Terrorism (BPAT) have been implemented and altered into national models. These models have been spread throughout the nation as Fusion Centers, which act as central hubs for information exchange between law enforcement and security agencies at all levels of the government (Schaible & Sheffield, 2012).
References
Flores, Y. (2012). Homeland security: The community college role in law enforcement training and readiness. Journal of Homeland Security Education, 1(1), 41. ...
write a 5-page, single-spaced (minimum) paper in which you examine a.docx
write a 5-page, single-spaced (minimum) paper in which you examine a form of a tangible gender communication (
an artifact
) i.e.
TV episode, newspaper article, movie, song/music video, photograph, magazine, exhibit, advertisement, social media group or exchange, interview etc.
It is your responsibility to choose an artifact that is content rich for analysis.
.
Write a 5-page paper using APA format (Not including title or re.docx
Write a 5-page paper using APA format (Not including title or reference pages) with at least four references. Two references must be peer-reviewed sources.
Summarize each of the seven approaches in the conflict resolution spectrum.
1. Resolution Triage Assessment
2. Early Resolution Meetings
3. Facilitated Roundtable Conversations
4. Mediation
5. Conflict Coaching
6. Early Neutral Evaluation
7. Team Conferencing
What are the benefits and risks of each approach?
.
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Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By
Wednesday, February 3, 2016
, submit your report to the
M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 1.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
.
Required Clinton , L (2011). Industry- Government Partnership.docx
Required
: Clinton , L (2011).
Industry- Government Partnership for Cyber Defense
,
Journal of Strategic Security
, Volume 4, Number 2 , Summer 2011
Larry Clinton describes government-industry partnership as similar to a parent-child relationship, wherein the parent (government) feels the need to exhibit some tough love on an uncooperative and immature child (the private sector). The analogy breaks down, however, when one realizes that in this case the "child" (industry) is actually far bigger, stronger, and has more resources than the supposed parent. Clinton argues it is the parent (government) in this case that is ultimately reliant on the child for cyber security. While industry cyber systems are vulnerable to attack-as are virtually all infrastructures historically- the market has produced an array of effective means to protect their cyber systems. The problem is the lack of proper implementation of cyber security best practices and relatively simple fixes, like software updates and security patches.
After reading the article, what do you think needs to be done and how do we get people to do it?
Will a traditional regulatory model work in this space, or does a newer model to address uniquely 21st century issues need to evolve?
Whom should the government regulate?
Conclude with a research or policy question for further research
.
(only 350 words )In the wake of the terrorist attacks in Sep.docx
(only 350 words )
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 9/11 Commission recommended that the U.S. Intelligence Community (USIC) find a way to improve information sharing of terrorism-related intelligence at all three levels of government (local, state, and federal). The USIC’s answer to this recommendation was the creation of intelligence
fusion centers
.
Since the creation of these intelligence fusion centers, there has been much controversy because of the large amounts of personal information secretly collected and shared within the U.S. intelligence and law enforcement communities. In addition, some critics argue that in the years since their creation, fusion centers and the law enforcement entities affiliated with them have moved away from their original purpose and instead have utilized federal grants and resources to fight local crime.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following:
In your opinion, how effective are U.S. fusion centers? Explain.
Do you feel that the creation of fusion centers has improved information sharing of terrorism-related information at all three levels of government? Why or why not?
Do you feel that fusion centers have ultimately moved away from their intended purpose? Why or why not?
Are fusion centers now being used as a local law enforcement tool to help fight local crime? Why or why not?
.
(only 350 words )In the wake of the terrorist attacks in Septe.docx
(only 350 words )
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 9/11 Commission recommended that the U.S. Intelligence Community (USIC) find a way to improve information sharing of terrorism-related intelligence at all three levels of government (local, state, and federal). The USIC’s answer to this recommendation was the creation of intelligence
fusion centers
.
Since the creation of these intelligence fusion centers, there has been much controversy because of the large amounts of personal information secretly collected and shared within the U.S. intelligence and law enforcement communities. In addition, some critics argue that in the years since their creation, fusion centers and the law enforcement entities affiliated with them have moved away from their original purpose and instead have utilized federal grants and resources to fight local crime.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following:
In your opinion, how effective are U.S. fusion centers? Explain.
Do you feel that the creation of fusion centers has improved information sharing of terrorism-related information at all three levels of government? Why or why not?
Do you feel that fusion centers have ultimately moved away from their intended purpose? Why or why not?
Are fusion centers now being used as a local law enforcement tool to help fight local crime? Why or why not?
.
Read the 10-page report titled Information Sharing, Dot Connecting.docx
Read the 10-page report titled
Information Sharing, Dot Connecting and Intelligence Failures: Revisiting Conventional Wisdom,
by Russell Travers (2009). To access the report, click on the following link, and then scroll down to the bottom of the page. At the bottom, click on the link with the same title as the report:
National Counterterrorism Center Web site
Travers argues that information sharing in general has improved significantly since the attacks of 9/11. He proceeds to deconstruct many popular arguments made by others claiming that intelligence gathering and information sharing, as practiced by entities in the United States today, are flawed. He also discusses legal, policy-based, and regulatory obstacles that impair reasonable intelligence and information collection and processing.
After reading this piece, complete the following:
Define (that is, "operationalize") the concepts of
intelligence
versus
information
.
Do differences in these terms matter?
How might either be easier—or more difficult—to share with other agencies?
Also consider if some levels of government or sectors of society might be more or less amenable to sharing information. (For example, private sector entities that own and operate critical infrastructure upon which the nation or communities rely might hesitate to share proprietary information that makes them less competitive, economically. Is their reluctance reasonable?)
Research, summarize, critically evaluate, and report at least 3 of the significant information-sharing problems and challenges (and key agencies) reported in the 9/11 Commission Report.
For each of these challenges, use or dispute at least 2 of Travers’ main arguments that he makes in his paper to explain or justify these challenges.
Make certain to connect Travers’ arguments to the report’s challenges that you select.
.
Sizing the Cyber Skills Gap
This document summarizes a white paper that evaluates claims of a global shortage of cybersecurity professionals, known as the "cyber skills gap". It discusses the origins of frequently cited estimates that there are 1 million open cybersecurity jobs worldwide. While many organizations report difficulty filling cybersecurity roles, the 1 million number originated from Cisco reports without clear sources. The document traces discussion of a cyber skills gap among US government agencies and non-profits beginning in the late 2000s. While a gap likely exists, the size and implications are worth examining given past exaggerations in the cybersecurity field.
Ac breaking cyber-sharinglogjam_web
Join the Atlantic Council's Cyber Statecraft Initiative on February 18 from 3:00 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. for a discussion on the challenges to information sharing and innovative ways to break the logjam.
HM501Unit 3 Discussion Question· Unit 3 Discussion Topic 1
HM501
Unit 3 Discussion Question
· Unit 3 Discussion Topic 1
Part 1:Discussion Topic/Please Respond
Current Topics
Please research some current events (Condo Collapse in Florida) or (American Troops withdrawing from Afghanistan) (whatever is current in the news) related to the course topics covered in Units 1–2 and post at least two of these events to the Discussion Board. Within your posting, describe how your chosen items tie to your course so far. You may use the Library or any other outside resource for your research. Be sure to use proper citation.
Part 2: Topic 1: Student Response #1 (Respond to Angela Spindle below)
Hello everyone.
These are the current events I chose. I believe both of them tie directly to things we have covered in the last two weeks.
Five Handguns Caught at Baltimore/Washington Checkpoints in June
So far this has brought the total for this year to just one less that the total for all of 2020. In each instance TSA found the guns using x-rays for carry-on bags during passenger check in. This ties to the course so far because TSA was created for homeland security, and this is an example of the work they do.
White House urges mayors to meet with state cybersecurity officials on ransomware.
The White House is asking for Mayors to be more proactive with their cybersecurity measures in light of all the recent ransomware attacks. This is tied to this course so far because we have covered homeland security policies, and even spent some time coming up with changes we would suggest to help. This article pushes that further by acknowledging that it is an ongoing issue that we must all stay on top of.
References
Five Handguns Caught at Baltimore/Washington Checkpoints in June. (n.d.). Retrieved from GTSC Homeland Security Today: https://www.hstoday.us/subject-matter-areas/airport-aviation-security/five-handguns-caught-at-baltimore-washington-checkpoints-in-june/
Grieg, J. (n.d.). White House urges mayors to meet with state cybersecurity officials on ransomware. Retrieved from ZD Net: https://www.zdnet.com/article/white-house-urges-mayors-to-meet-with-state-cybersecurity-officials-on-ransomware/?&web_view=true
Topic 1: Student Response #2 (Respond to Donald DerryBerry below)
Dr. Kapperman and classmates –
The McDonald’s Corporation sustained a data breach when it was discovered that unauthorized activity was being performed on an internal server from outside sources (Haddon, 2021). The crime affected some data from the U.S., South Korea, and Taiwan operations. Employee and customer personal information was compromised, but no financial data was compromised. I use this is as an example of a cybercrime being committed to a U.S. based company with International operations. This type of crime demonstrates the importance of cyber-protection within the private sector on their internal networks as referenced in our textbook (Bullock, et al., 2018).
The second current event I chose is the withdrawal of U.S. forces from Afghani ...
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 911 Com.docx
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 9/11 Commission recommended that the U.S. Intelligence Community (USIC) find a way to improve information sharing of terrorism-related intelligence at all three levels of government (local, state, and federal). The USIC’s answer to this recommendation was the creation of intelligence
fusion centers
.
Since the creation of these intelligence fusion centers, there has been much controversy because of the large amounts of personal information secretly collected and shared within the U.S. intelligence and law enforcement communities. In addition, some critics argue that in the years since their creation, fusion centers and the law enforcement entities affiliated with them have moved away from their original purpose and instead have utilized federal grants and resources to fight local crime.
Assignment Guidelines
In 5–6 paragraphs, address the following:
In your opinion, how effective are U.S. fusion centers? Explain.
Do you feel that the creation of fusion centers has improved information sharing of terrorism-related information at all three levels of government? Why or why not?
Do you feel that fusion centers have ultimately moved away from their intended purpose? Why or why not?
Are fusion centers now being used as a local law enforcement tool to help fight local crime? Why or why not?
Post a new topic to the Discussion Board that contains your responses to the above questions.
Comment on at least 2 other students' posts.
.
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 911 Com.docx
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 9/11 Commission recommended that the U.S. Intelligence Community (USIC) find a way to improve information sharing of terrorism-related intelligence at all three levels of government (local, state, and federal). The USIC’s answer to this recommendation was the creation of intelligence
fusion centers
.
Since the creation of these intelligence fusion centers, there has been much controversy because of the large amounts of personal information secretly collected and shared within the U.S. intelligence and law enforcement communities. In addition, some critics argue that in the years since their creation, fusion centers and the law enforcement entities affiliated with them have moved away from their original purpose and instead have utilized federal grants and resources to fight local crime.
Assignment Guidelines
In 5–6 paragraphs, address the following:
In your opinion, how effective are U.S. fusion centers? Explain.
Do you feel that the creation of fusion centers has improved information sharing of terrorism-related information at all three levels of government? Why or why not?
Do you feel that fusion centers have ultimately moved away from their intended purpose? Why or why not?
Are fusion centers now being used as a local law enforcement tool to help fight local crime? Why or why not?
Post a new topic to the Discussion Board that contains your responses to the above questions.
Comment on at least 2 other students' posts.
In your own words, please post a response to the Discussion Board and comment on at least two other postings. You will be graded on the quality of your postings.
For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials.
Unit Materials
.
Larry KeaslerAs part of the nation’s 16 Critical Infrastructure .docx
The Defense Industrial Base (DIB) Sector directly supports the U.S. military through the production of materials and services. The Department of Defense is responsible for leading collaboration efforts between agencies like the Department of Energy and private sector partners to identify and manage risks to critical DIB infrastructure. The private sector provides support through research, manufacturing, and logistics across 10 segments including missile, aircraft, and electronics production. While the types of materials produced differs from other sectors, the DIB is defined by its customer of the Department of Defense and vulnerability assessments consider impacts to national security.
Cyber Legislation
This document summarizes and analyzes a paper about recent efforts in the US Congress to pass legislation addressing cybersecurity and data protection. It argues that corporations lobbying for such legislation are cynically shaping laws to shift responsibility for data protection from companies to the public, benefiting corporations without risk. By conflating cybercrime and cyberterrorism, corporations position protecting private interests as protecting national security, gaining influence over the legislative process. However, this does little to safeguard individual rights while protecting corporate interests at public expense.
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforceme.docx
Assignment 2: Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement Tool
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Community Policing
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By the due date assigned
, submit your report to the
Submissions Area
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
...
250 words agree or disagreeFusion CentersFollowing the 91.docx
250 words agree or disagree
Fusion Centers
Following the 9/11 attacks and the subsequent reform of the intelligence community and law enforcement agencies, the Department of Homeland Security created fusion centers throughout the country in order to facilitate information sharing for tribal, local, state, and federal government agencies (Khan, 2012). According to Khan (2012), the centers “have ‘not produced useful intelligence to support federal counterterrorism efforts’ and have ‘too often wasted money and stepped on American civil liberties’” (Khan, 2012). However, these figures and statements should be corroborated with the multiple intelligence overseeing committees within the Senate and Congress to inform the public of the real information at hand. Yet, Senator Levin states that these centers “’may provide valuable services in fields other than terrorism’ like criminal investigations, public safety or disaster response” (Khan, 2012). Overall, these centers have access to classified information and when other analysts upload their products and reports in SIPR and JWICS systems, then it enables others to search through these products through Intelink.com on the classified systems.
Intelligence Reform
The National Security Act of 1947 established different agencies and positions regarding the military and intelligence community. Throughout the years, different policies and laws have been enacted to ensure that intelligence agencies follow established procedures and all laws so they do not run into issues or violate these laws. Following the 9/11 attacks, the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act was signed and “is the most recent legislative action to reform the community’s performance and management. While the IRTPA has contributed to intelligence improvements, such as increased sharing of data on terrorism, most in and around the intelligence community would assert that managing the intelligence enterprise is still a work in progress” (Strickland & Whitlock, 2012). National intelligence managers were created in order to facilitate integration of “intelligence strategies that support national security outcomes” (Strickland & Whitlock, 2012). Another significant change is that the person holding the position of the Director of National Intelligence keep an important relationship with the President due to the President being a consumer of intelligence (Strickland & Whitlock, 2012).
Three Philosophical Lessons
There are 3 philosophical lessons concerning intelligence that include Simpson’s Paradox, Skyrms’ Resiliency Theory, and Casual Inference. Simpson’s Paradox “has immediate consequences for the development of optimal strategies for the sharing of data, and for the targeted deployment of intelligence-gathering resources” (Mole, 2012). Overall, it is best to share the data different entities have to be able to better plan and coordinate efforts to where it is most likely to get the best out of. Skyrms’ Resiliency Theory d.
Indicators and WarningsSearching for and recognizing indicat.docx
Indicators and Warnings
Searching for and recognizing indicators of potential terrorist activity require a great deal of focus, determination, and patience, especially given the extensive amount of information that must be reviewed. At best, indicators can prevent terrorist attacks. At worst, indicators can be inaccurate or irrelevant. Indicators of potential terrorist activity are wide ranging and may include exhibiting violence against persons or property, purchasing high-performance automatic weapons, and displaying civil disobedience (Global Security, 2009). Warnings are notifications sent to government officials and/or the public about potentially imminent terrorist threats. Undoubtedly, warnings can save lives. However, if warnings are based on inaccurate or irrelevant information they also can heighten security and create fear without reason.
Reference: Global Security (2009).
Combating terrorism
. Retrieved from
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/army/fm/7-98/F798_4.htm
readings:
Course Text:
McEntire, D. A. (2019).
Introduction to homeland security: Understanding terrorism with emergency management
(2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.
Chapter 8, "Preventing Terrorist Attacks: Root Causes, Law, Intelligence, and Counterterrorism" (pp. 161 -166)
Article:
Carter, D. L. & Carter, J. G. (2009). The intelligence fusion process for state, local, and tribal law enforcement.
Criminal Justice and Behavior, 36
(12), 1323–1339.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article:
Dahl, E. J. (2005). Warning of terror: Explaining the failure of intelligence against terrorism.
The Journal of Strategic Studies, 28
(1), 31-55.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article:
Department of Homeland Security. (2009).
Homeland security: Progress in implementing 9/11 Commission recommendations
. Retrieved from
http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/9-11-commission-update-report-7-22-10.pdf
Article:
Kean, T. H., Hamilton, L. H., Ben-Veniste, R., Fielding, F. F., Gorelick, J.S., Gorton, S. et al. (2005).
Final report on 9/11 Commission recommendations
.
9/11 Public Discourse Project,
1-5
.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article:
Mahnken, T. (2005). Spies and bureaucrats: Getting intel right.
Public Interest, 159
, 22-42.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article:
The Library of Congress. (2002).
Legislation related to the attacks of September 11, 2001
. Retrieved from
http://thomas.loc.gov/home/terrorleg.htm
To prepare for this Discussion:
Review the article "The Intelligence Fusion Process for State, Local, and Tribal Law Enforcement." Think about how the fusion process is important for identifying indicators and warnings.
Review the online article "How to Forecast and Preempt al-Qaeda's Catastrophic Terrorist Warfare." Focus on examples of attack indicators and consider their importance for preventing terrorist attacks.
Review the article "Warning of Te.
HY1020When answering the written response questions please follo.docx
HY1020
When answering the written response questions please follow these requirements:
· Your answer to each question should contain a minimum 200-word response.
· Spelling and grammar will impact your grade.
· Make certain to proofread each response carefully before clicking on the submit button. General encyclopedias are not acceptable sources. Examples include, but are not limited to, Wikipedia, Encarta, and World Book.
· Make certain that all of your sources (including your textbook) are referenced at the end of your response and that the information within your response is cited to show the difference between your ideas and your sources.
Reference
Levack, B., Muir, E., & Veldman, M. (2011). The west: Encounters & transformations, vol II (Rev: 3). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Longman
Unit V Assessment
Question 1
Choose and identify one propaganda poster from two different warring nations. Describe the message each poster is trying to convey. Which is more effective, and why?
Your response should be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Question 2
Identify and discuss three of Wilson’s Fourteen Points. Were these points fair to all parties or willingly accepted?
Your response should be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Question 3
Assume the perspective of a newly recruited teenager in the war. Choose and identify your side; describe your experience including pressures/motivations to enlist, expectations, and experience on or near the front lines.
Your response should be at least 500 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Surveillance, Secrecy, and the
Search for Meaningful
Accountability
Su d h a Se t t y *
One o f the most intractable problems in the debate around maintaining
the rule o f law while combating the threat o f terrorism is the question o f
secrecy and transparency. In peacetime, important tenets to the nile o f law
include transparency o f the law, limits on government power, and consistency
o f the law as applied to individuals in the polity. Yet the post-9/11 decision
making by the Bush and Obama administrations has been characterized by
excessive secrecy that stymies most efforts to hold the government
accountable fo r its abuses. Executive branch policy with regard to detention,
interrogation, targeted killing, and surveillance are kept secret, and that
secrecy has been largely validated by a complia.
1Running head CYBERWARCYBER WAR9Outstanding title.docx
1
Running head: CYBERWAR
CYBER WAR
9
Outstanding title page formatting
Cyber War
Name
University
Professor
04/28/2018
Introduction Cyber War
Cyber warfare refers to a computer or network-based conflict that disrupts the activities of a state or
organization by deliberate attacking critical infrastructures. Cyber attacks can also be described as an attack by hostile groups such as terrorist or hacker groups aimed, at furthering the goals of a given nation. To have a better understanding, cyber warfare can take different forms such as; viruses that can take down water supplies, military systems, transportation systems, hacking and theft of critical data from government and private institutions. This paper will focus on assessing various mechanism applied in different articles to counter cybersecurity and protect critical infrastructure. Further, by analyzing the results and experience in Xia, Becerra-Fernandez, Gudi, & Rocha-Mier (2011), the essay will also show how
the findings can be utilized in real life scenario.
1. What do the articles have in common?
According to Clemente (2011), the advancement of interconnection between different infrastructures sectors has boosted by the escalation of cyberspace. The author points out that the security
implications are inevitable especially in this era of cyberspace and infrastructure. The main idea in the article involves around the definition of ‘critical’ infrastructure to enable effective prioritization and protection of nodes and connection points. FEMA (2013
), points out that the United States well being relies upon secure critical infrastructure that forms American society. According to Saadawi, & Jordan
, (2011), there is need to establish an international cyber union that will help overcome cybersecurity challenges in securing cyberinfrastructure. This article considers the practical considerations that are associated with EINSTEIN 3 and how this can be used to ensure effective protection of critical infrastructure networks. Having evaluated the main argument of these articles, they all share the aspect of understanding cybersecurity and different ways ensuring infrastructure protection.
2. What are the differences in their assessment of cybersecurity and critical infrastructure protection?
The above articles portray some distinction in their evaluation of cyber war and protection of vital infrastructure. The first article by Clemente (2011), tries to examine how cybersecurity challenges can be overcome by understanding various components in society. The article offers more theoretical approaches to counterattack cybersecurity and protection of critical infrastructures. The second article by FEMA (2013
) is more detailed and comprehensive on the issue of cybersecurity and protection of critical infrastructures in the society. For instance, it offers a plan that will require a federal agency (SSA) to lead a coordinated process for vital infrastructure security within criti ...
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement T.docx
Assignment 2: Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement Tool
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
*Wrote in third party. NO Opinions..
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Please respond to at least 2 other students. Responses should be a m.docx
Please respond to at least 2 other students. Responses should be a minimum of 150 words and include direct questions.
AARON BECKER
Here’s the thing, in my Week 1 Forum I addressed a major concern of mine. This concern surfaced after the investigation into the 9/11 attacks. Since the change in national security efforts over the last 17 years, the perspectives portrayed by the 9/11 Commission have guided our Nation’s Intelligence Community (IC) and the strategies and legislation put into place to prevent another chaotic event. Basically, this class confirmed what we all have learned by now: 9/11 could have been prevented. Unfortunately, the truth of the matter is more enhanced technology, better information exchange, and advanced training are some issues which ushered in a blatant attack under the radar.
The United States Government does deserve some credit. There have been nearly 20 years of research, special panels, investigative committees, funding grants, training guidelines, new government entities, and so much more which have helped to contribute to a more effective fight against terror. In fact, much of the change has begun to focus on terror prevention, rather than a centralized approach on how to respond to attacks.
This forum asks us to state whether or not our opinions have changed since we began this course to now. I have to say, my opinion has changed somewhat for the better. When I first began this journey into the study of Homeland and National Security, I had no idea the changes that had taken place since 9/11. In regards to my specific area of interest, I have gained more knowledge about what is actually going on. I believe the government has been making a concerted effort to ensure that law enforcement agencies are privy to pertinent matters of national security. When I know it seems the most valuable information will never be trusted in the hands of those without Top Secret clearances, I cannot help but feel this may be a barrier between responding to attacks and the ability to prevent them in the first place.
My first post mentioned the idea that law enforcement training academies have been uprooted, and the training has seen a trend toward national security efforts (Flores, 2012). In fact, when I went through the academy over 2 years ago, I recall some training about criminal profiling and crime statistics that would reveal certain aspects of those who make terrorist watch lists. Additionally, local projects such as Business Partners Against Terrorism (BPAT) have been implemented and altered into national models. These models have been spread throughout the nation as Fusion Centers, which act as central hubs for information exchange between law enforcement and security agencies at all levels of the government (Schaible & Sheffield, 2012).
References
Flores, Y. (2012). Homeland security: The community college role in law enforcement training and readiness. Journal of Homeland Security Education, 1(1), 41. ...
Similar to Over the years, one of the key criticisms of many of the agencies co.docx (20)
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 1.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 1.docx
Required Clinton , L (2011). Industry- Government Partnership.docx
Required Clinton , L (2011). Industry- Government Partnership.docx
(only 350 words )In the wake of the terrorist attacks in Sep.docx
(only 350 words )In the wake of the terrorist attacks in Sep.docx
(only 350 words )In the wake of the terrorist attacks in Septe.docx
(only 350 words )In the wake of the terrorist attacks in Septe.docx
Read the 10-page report titled Information Sharing, Dot Connecting.docx
Read the 10-page report titled Information Sharing, Dot Connecting.docx
HM501Unit 3 Discussion Question· Unit 3 Discussion Topic 1
HM501Unit 3 Discussion Question· Unit 3 Discussion Topic 1
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 911 Com.docx
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 911 Com.docx
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 911 Com.docx
In the wake of the terrorist attacks in September 2001, the 911 Com.docx
Larry KeaslerAs part of the nation’s 16 Critical Infrastructure .docx
Larry KeaslerAs part of the nation’s 16 Critical Infrastructure .docx
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforceme.docx
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforceme.docx
250 words agree or disagreeFusion CentersFollowing the 91.docx
250 words agree or disagreeFusion CentersFollowing the 91.docx
Indicators and WarningsSearching for and recognizing indicat.docx
Indicators and WarningsSearching for and recognizing indicat.docx
HY1020When answering the written response questions please follo.docx
HY1020When answering the written response questions please follo.docx
1Running head CYBERWARCYBER WAR9Outstanding title.docx
1Running head CYBERWARCYBER WAR9Outstanding title.docx
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement T.docx
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement T.docx
Please respond to at least 2 other students. Responses should be a m.docx
Please respond to at least 2 other students. Responses should be a m.docx
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Propose a strategy for improving the outcomes of a population health improvement initiative, or for ensuring that all outcomes are being addressed, based on the best available evidence.
Competency 3: Evaluate outcomes of evidence-based interventions.
Propose an evaluation strategy for the outcomes of personalized patient care plan and determine what aspects of the approach could be applied to similar situations and patients.
Competency 4: Evaluate the value and relative weight of available evidence upon which to make a clinical decision.
Identify the level of evidence and describe the value and relevance it brings to personalized care for your patient.
Competency 5: Synthesize evidence-based practice and academic research to communicate effective solutions.
Write clearly and logically, with correct grammar and mechanics.
Integrate relevant and credible sources of evidence to support assertions, correctly formatting citations and references using APA style.
Scenario
The charge nurse in your clinic has contacted you to assume primary care for a patient and develop a plan for follow-up care. The plan should be personalized for him based on evidence-based research provided by a community expert as well as your own research on the condition. You will also be challenged to determine which aspects of the traumatic brain injury (TBI) approach could be applied to similar situations and patients.
Your Role
You are a nurse who has been requested to provide primary patient care, including a follow-up care plan. You will revisit the interview with the community TBI expert and prepare a personalized health pl.
Write a 4-6 page annotated bibliography where you identify peer-.docx
Write a 4-6 page annotated bibliography where you identify peer-reviewed publications that promote the use of a selected technology to enhance quality and safety standards in nursing.
Before you begin to develop the assessment you are encouraged to complete the Annotated Bibliography Formative Assessment. Completing this activity will help you succeed with the assessment and counts towards course engagement.
Rapid changes in information technology go hand-in-hand with progress in quality health care delivery, nursing practice, and interdisciplinary team collaboration. The following are only a few examples of how the health care field uses technology to provide care to patients across multiple settings:
Patient monitoring devices.
Robotics.
Electronic medical records.
Data management resources.
Ready access to current science.
Technology is essential to the advancement of the nursing profession, maintaining quality care outcomes, patient safety, and research.
This assessment will give you the opportunity to deepen your knowledge of how technology can enhance quality and safety standards in nursing. You will prepare an annotated bibliography on technology in nursing. A well-prepared annotated bibliography is a comprehensive commentary on the content of scholarly publications and other sources of evidence about a selected nursing-related technology. A bibliography of this type provides a vehicle for workplace discussion to address gaps in nursing practice and to improve patient care outcomes. As nurses become more accountable in their practice, they are being called upon to expand their role of caregiver and advocate to include fostering research and scholarship to advance nursing practice. An annotated bibliography stimulates innovative thinking to find solutions and approaches to effectively and efficiently address these issues.
Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:
Competency 3: Evaluate the impact of patient care technologies on desired outcomes.
Analyze current evidence on the impact of a selected patient care technology on patient safety, quality of care, and the interdisciplinary team.
Integrate current evidence about the impact of a selected patient care technology on patient safety, quality of care, and the interdisciplinary team into a recommendation.
Competency 4: Recommend the use of a technology to enhance quality and safety standards for patients.
Describe organizational factors influencing the selection of a technology in the health care setting.
Justify the implementation and use of a selected technology in a health care setting.
Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication to facilitate use of health information and patient care technologies.
Create a clear, well-organized, and professional annotated bibliography that is .
Write a 400-600 word report using Chicago style. Choose one historic.docx
This document provides instructions for a report on a historic event or figure from the French Revolution. Students are asked to choose one topic covered from this period in French history, provide some background context, and explain the importance or contribution to the larger French Revolutionary movement. The report must be between 400-600 words, follow Chicago citation style, and be double-spaced in 12 point Times New Roman font.
Write a 400-word essay discussing how diversity and inclusion can be.docx
Write a 400-word essay discussing how diversity and inclusion can be a real asset on an interprofessional team and how you plan to use that approach with teams in which you associate. Include a conversation regarding what you plan to do in regard to generative practices with your team. Include at least two sources beyond our textbook. Use APA guidelines for all your in-text citations and reference listings.
Weiss, D., Tilin, F., & Morgan, M. (2018). The interprofessional health care team: Leadership and development (2nd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
.
Write a 4-7 page analysis of your care setting that supports develop.docx
Write a 4-7 page analysis of your care setting that supports development of a strategic plan and includes both the discovery and dream phases of an appreciative inquiry (AI) project and a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis of the care setting.
Introduction
Identifying analysis techniques for assessing competitive advantage is important for building health care strategy. Sustaining health care competitive advantage requires that leaders understand environmental demands to assist with minimizing weakness and threats from the external environment. This assessment provides you with an opportunity to examine your health care environment to determine whether what is being accomplished in your organization, department, team, community project, or other care setting is making a positive difference.
Note:
You will use the results of this analysis to develop a strategic plan in Assessment 2.
Preparation
You have been asked to conduct an analysis of your care setting that will result in two potential pathways toward a strategic plan to improve health care quality and safety in your organization, department, team, community project, or other care setting. To accomplish this, you will take two approaches to the analysis:
Complete the discovery and dream phases of an appreciative inquiry (AI) project.
Conduct a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis.
To help ensure that your analysis is well-received, the requester has suggested that you:
Present your analysis results in four parts:
Part 1: Appreciative Inquiry Discovery and Dream.
Part 2: SWOT Analysis.
Part 3: Comparison of Approaches.
Part 4: Analysis of Relevant Leadership Characteristics and Skills.
Your analysis should be 4–7 pages in length.
Note:
Remember, you can submit all, or a portion, of your draft plan to Smarthinking for feedback before you submit the final version for this assessment. However, be mindful of the turnaround time for receiving feedback, if you plan on using this free service.
As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment.
One key aspect to being an effective leader, manager, or administrator is an awareness of your leadership strengths, weaknesses, and style.
How would you assess your general leadership, communication, and relationship-building skills?
How would describe your leadership style?
Imagine the future for a care setting that is your place of practice or one in which you would like to work.
What aspirational goals can you envision that would lead to improvement.
Write a 4-page response (APA 7, double-space) summarizing what you h.docx
Write a 4-page response (APA 7, double-space) summarizing what you have learned from ONE of the identified leaders about their leadership and why these points are important to you personally.
Describe the leader/writer’s 1) life, 2) his or her historical time, and most importantly 3) what you think made him or her a great leader (or thought leader). Use any one of the following neoclassical leaders:
Abraham Maslow.
Chester Bernard,
Frederick Herzberg,
Henry Mintzberg,
Margaret Wheatley,
Mary Follet,
Peter Drucker,
Robert Greenleaf,
William Deming.
Please cite your references if you are using quotes (remember that I want to see your understanding of the quote, not just the quote – use quotes minimally). Suggestion: one quotation (citation) per page.
.
Write a 4–6-page report for a senior leader that communicates .docx
Write a 4–6-page report for a senior leader that communicates your evaluation of current organizational or interprofessional team performance, with respect to prescribed benchmarks set forth by government laws and policies at the local, state, and federal levels. In addition, advocate for ethical action to address benchmark underperformance and explain the potential for improving the overall quality of care and performance, as reflected on a performance dashboard.
In the era of health care reform, many of the laws and policies set forth by government at the local, state, and federal levels have specific performance benchmarks related to care delivery outcomes that organizations must achieve. It is critical for organizational success that the interprofessional care team is able to understand reports and dashboards that display the metrics related to performance and compliance benchmarks.
Maintaining standards and promoting quality in modern health care are crucial, not only for the care of patients, but also for the continuing success and financial viability of health care organizations. In the era of health care reform, health care leaders must understand what quality care entails and how quality in health care connects to the standards set forth by relevant federal, state, and local laws and policies. An understanding of relevant benchmarks that result from these laws and policies, and how they relate to quality care and regulatory standards, is also vitally important.
Health care is a dynamic, complex, and heavily regulated industry. For this reason, you will be expected to constantly scan the external environment for emerging laws, new regulations, and changing industry standards. You may discover that as new policies are enacted into law, ambiguity in interpretation of various facets of the law may occur. Sometimes, new laws conflict with preexisting laws and regulations, or unexpected implementation issues arise, which may warrant further clarification from lawmakers. Adding partisan politics and social media to the mix can further complicate understanding of the process and buy-in from stakeholders.
Assessment Instructions
Note
: Your evaluation of dashboard metrics for this assessment is the foundation on which all subsequent assessments are based. Therefore, you must complete this assessment first.
Write a report for a senior leader that communicates your evaluation of current organizational or interprofessional team performance with respect to prescribed benchmarks set forth by government laws and policies at the local, state, and federal levels. In addition, advocate for ethical action to address benchmark underperformance and explain the potential for improving the overall quality of care and performance, as reflected on a performance dashboard.
Review the performance dashboard metrics, as well as relevant local, state, and federal laws and policies. Consider the metrics that are falling short of the prescribed benchmar.
write a 4-paragraph summary which places your specific topic (Racism.docx
write a 4-paragraph summary which places your specific topic (Racism) in the context of world history. It should go in chronological order from the most ancient past to the current era. It should start big (describe the region or empires that your place or people were part of), and then zoom in to focus on your specific place or people. Your summary should contain information at least 1 academic source. It should not contain any personal opinions.
.
Write a 4–6-page analysis of a leader you either interviewed persona.docx
Write a 4–6-page analysis of a leader you either interviewed personally or researched thoroughly. In your analysis, address specific ways the leader demonstrates effective leadership.Effective leaders realize that employees should be recognized for a job well done. While some people prefer public praise and others prefer personal recognition, most employees want to be recognized in some way. Kouzes and Posner (2017) state that effective leaders begin their leadership development by first learning to lead themselves. Effective leadership begins from within and expands outward to affect others. This development cascades into effective leadership.By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:
Competency 1: Evaluate the purpose and relevance of leadership.
Analyze how a leader reflects the definition of leadership.
Evaluate leadership style, characteristics, or themes in relation to the purpose and relevance of effective leadership.
Competency 2: Evaluate how leadership strengths apply in the workplace and within the community.
Analyze how a leader models leadership.
Analyze how a leader inspires a shared vision.
Analyze how a leader looks for new opportunities that may require experimentation or taking risks.
Analyze how a leader empowers and recognizes the contributions of others.
Reference
Kouzes, J. M., & Posner, B. Z. (2017).
The leadership challenge: How to make extraordinary things happen in organizations
(6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Assessment Example
Assessment 5 Example
.
Suggested Resources
The resources provided here are optional. You may use other resources of your choice to prepare for this assessment; however, you will need to ensure that they are appropriate, credible, and valid. The
BUS-FP3012 – Fundamentals of Leadership
Library Guide can help direct your research, and the Supplemental Resources and Research Resources, both linked from the left navigation menu in your courseroom, provide additional resources to help support you.
Capella Resources
For a list of key leaders you might consider for Option B of your assessment, see the
Option B Leaders List [DOC]
.
Bookstore Resources
These resources are available from the
Capella University Bookstore
.
Kouzes, J. M., & Posner, B. Z. (2017).
The leadership challenge: How to make extraordinary things happen in organizations
(6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Chapter 13, "Leadership Is Everyone's Business."
Preparation
Throughout your career, you could undoubtedly benefit from analyzing leadership and management characteristics of other leaders and managers you consider effective and successful. This assessment provides an opportunity and framework to do that in the context of effective leadership.
To complete this assessment, you have two options. You may choose to base your assessment on a leader you know personally or on a lead.
Write a 450- to 700-word essay to describe the relationship betwee.docx
Write a 450- to 700-word essay to describe the relationship between classical and operant conditioning. Explain their elements and how they differ from one another. Additionally, provide an example for how learning can occur through each mode of conditioning. Explain how Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner contributed to the study of learning and conditioning.
.
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