The Knights And Squires Were Silent

The Knights And Squires Were Silent
The year was 1499, four years after England had battled with the majestic kingdom of Avalon.
England claimed victory after nine chaotic and tedious years of brutal fighting against their
formidable antagonist. King Joel, the ruler of England, had the most cunning and skillful army in the
world and overtook Avalon's army with ease. King Joel and his wife had two sons, named Haman
and Phil. England was finally at peace and King Joel's wife bore him another son, named Isaac.
"God has spoken to me," King Joel proudly exclaimed at his Christmas feast, "My son is destined to
be the ruler of England. He will be indomitable and will reign over other lands for long periods of
time. His kingdom will be unstoppable."
The knights and squires ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Just as King Joel said, Isaac was crowned king. On the day of the crowning of the new king, the
people of England threw a big celebration. The main celebration was held in the castle of England.
The elated knights laughed with joy, the rich peasants ate with satisfaction, and the elegant queen
was in her room preparing for her important announcement. She slowly walked into the hall. She
was covered in purple silk and radiant gold bracelets and necklaces. Her beauty shined like light
from heaven, her chocolate covered hair dangled lazily, and her eyes reflected off of the knight's
radiant armor. The knights stood with awe at this beauty that walked before their eyes. The knights
murmured secretly once they sat back down. The queen sat in her chair, took a deep breath, and
began. "People of England," proclaimed the queen, "It is said in writing and words that my son will
rule and conquer. That he will be a righteous man to his people, and will treat all with respect. I
present my son, heir to King Joel the Great." The talented musicians played their brass horns and
from the hall came Isaac. Isaac bowed to his mother and kneeled before her. The queen took the
decorated crown, which was detailed with precious metals and ornamented with valuable and
colorful gems, from a velvet pillow. With a tear running down her pale face she simply placed the
crown upon her son's head and made him king. Everyone erupted with joy,
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The Restoration Under Charles II Essay
The Restoration Under Charles II Generally, the English people had a great celebration when
Charles II returned to the throne in May of 1660.1 Many believed that restoring the monarchy was
the only way to secure constitutional rights. In fact, there was an expectation that bringing back the
king would return life to the way it was before 1642 and the rule of Cromwell. Charles II was
responsible for improving the government for the people. However, despite some achievements, the
king was not very successful in creating a stronger and more effective monarchy. He was dependent
on his advisors and other parts of the government from the very beginning of his reign. There were
constant conflicts between the king and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This council consisted of English men who held public office or owned extensive amounts of land.
Smaller committees within the council made all the major decisions.3 The king looked to the Privy
Council for help in solving the country's problems. Clarendon's main objective for the council was
to lessen the power of Parliament. Since the king relied a large deal on the council for making
decisions, Parliament did not meet as often.4 Clarendon also knew that the militia was a major part
of government, but he wanted to keep the army small. He knew that a large army would make the
people nervous about an absolutist monarchy. A small militia kept the country safe from a possible
foreign attack.5 There was one main issue that Clarendon and Charles disagreed on very strongly:
religious tolerance. Clarendon believed in using coercive acts to eliminate dissenters. However,
Charles did not want to persecute people with different religious beliefs if they were not causing
problems for England. In April of 1660, he put these ideas into effect with the Breda Declaration.
This declaration was the first of many signs that Charles was impartial to Catholics. Parliament,
however, sided with Clarendon on this conflict. In 1661, Parliament passed the Act of Uniformity.
The act ended all tolerance for Presbyterianism and forced all of its followers to agree to everything
in the Anglicans' Book of Common Prayer. Parliament also refused to accept the king's

The Negative Effects Of Inbreeding Within The Spanish...
Effects of Inbreeding Within the Spanish Habsburgs Dynasty Inbreeding is an extremely
controversial topic of debate that has been around since biblical times. The most extreme form of
inbreeding is incest, which is primarily between first cousins and second–first cousins. Humans
practice inbreeding for many different reasons, including royalty, religion, culture, socioeconomic
class, geographic isolation, and small populations. Possibly the most dramatic instance of incest for
reasons of royalty was within Habsburg Dynasty. The Habsburg Dynasty was one of the most
powerful dynasties in Medieval and Renaissance Europe, beginning in the early 12th century. The
group controlled huge portions of Europe, including Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Italy, France,
and Spain, maintaining control by marrying only within their dynasty. Most marriages within the
dynasty were consanguineous, meaning marriage between close blood relatives, taking place
between first cousins, double–first cousins, and uncles/nieces. Although their inbreeding originally
led to their rise in power, it consequently led to their eventual demise. By the end of the 17th
century, the negative effects of their marital practices became obvious through that the dynasty had
distinctive physical mutations, including a protruding lip, high infant mortality rate, and many health
problems. By 1700, the Habsburgs were sterile, therefore, unable to produce an heir. Another effect
of these marriages was that infant and

British Politics During The Lifetime Of Newton
a. What were British politics during the lifetime of Newton? Before Isaac Newton was born, King
Charles I was driven out of London by mobs and had to seek refuge in Nottingham, which was just a
few miles away from Woolsthorpe, Newton's soon–to–be hometown (Guillen, 1995, p. 13). While
King Charles I was there, he declared war over who/what was going to govern England–Parliament
or the royal sovereign (Gullien, 1995, p.13). However, this war was more like a war between
"heaven and earth" because kings and queens were supposedly selected by God himself and
peasants were just "mere mortals" who "inhabited the earthly realm" (Gullien, 1995, p. 13–14).
Parliament wanted King Charles I to relinquish his control over church and state because the
religious intolerance and the heavy taxes. Sadly, Newton's father was called out to be a part of King
Charles I army and died before Issac Newton was born (Gullien, 1995, p.14). While Newton was a
young child, England's civil war was still raging (Gullien, 1995, p. 16). His hometown of
Woolsthorpe had been captured. Nevertheless, Newton went to school like every other child.
However, Newton's world was soon turned upside down, when he heard the news that the Puritan–
dominated Parliament had defeated the king's armies and had beheaded King Charles I (Gullien,
1995, p. 16). Newton did not like Parliamentarians. Later on, during Newton's teen years,
Parliament created strict rules of behavior. For example, they outlawed almost all manner of

The Great Fire Of London
17th Century Blaze
Beginning on September 2, 1666, a monstrous inferno incinerated nearly eighty–percent of London
within four days. This calamity caused thousands of frightened people to become homeless. The
Great Fire of London portrays the harsh reality of a devastating catastrophe: the burning of an entire
city and the steps taken towards the recreation of a thriving empire.
The Great Fire of London began in the primordial hours of the morning in the house of King Charles
II's baker on Pudding Lane adjacent to the London Bridge ("Great Fire of..." 1). Tomas Farynor, the
King's baker, was the man believed to have been the fuel source of the catastrophe. The maid's
carelessness to completely turn off the ovens had caused the fire to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This decreased the fatalities that were caused by the horrific disease("The Great Fire..." 2). It was
not an uncommon occurrence for these fires to happen in London. The lack of fire safety became
detrimental to the security throughout the city. The London Bridge was the only structure not
destroyed by the inferno. A prior fire of 1633 to The Great Fire of London cleared a path at its North
end that halted the fire in 1666. Many buildings perished, though the London Bridge survived.
Churches that were made of stone were not completely destroyed and now are seen as smoking ruins
(Schofield 1). The people of the town did not have much to remember even after attempts were
made to control the fire.
Numerous tactics were deployed to contain the flames. A common procedure to stop the spreading
fire was to destroy the households where the path of the flame was coming, creating "fire breaks".
By the time these demolitions were ordered, the fire had already spread throughout the town. Mayor
Bludworth hesitated to take these precautions due to his concern about the financial repercussions
the city would be left to fund ("The Great Fire ..." 1). If Bludworth had taken these precautions, the
city may have never encountered this treacherous fire. The lack of this certain procedure was put
aside and caused the Great Fire of London to be one of the biggest tragedies in

Modern Art : Traditional Art Then And Now
Traditional Art then and now
When thinking of traditional art I tend to imagine the grandiose oil paintings or gestural sculptures
of figures displayed in the various national galleries I have visited, this to me, is what I think of
being 'traditional' in terms of art. A more general description of traditional art is; "Art that is a part of
the culture of a group of people, skills and knowledge of which are passed down through
generations from master craftsmen to apprentices." (www.yourdictonary.com, 14/11/2017). whereas
I do to a extent agree with this statement, I am however conscious that in the current day the term
'traditional art' is used in opposition with digital art. So therefore in the digital era traditional art can
be seen as an art form that is created with a physical and tangible medium, usually painting or
sculpture, as opposed to art created using digital means. Art has been around since the dawn of man,
as a form of expression, a way to make sense of the world. From the primitive animal paintings in
caves to the beautifully intricate and highly skilled oil paintings by artist like Titian and Rembrandt
during the high Renaissance. Oil paintings have always had a tangibility to them, they exist in the
world as a physical object, one that is displayed usually with great intention. In galleries they are
held in high esteem as objects of value and prestige. Nonetheless traditionally art was usually in
generality displayed two different types of places,

How Did William Penn Impact Society
William Penn, an English entrepreneur, had an unforeseen impact on the history of the United States
of America. Penn had been already a champion for democracy, religious freedom, and anti–slavery
movements. Through his good relations with both the common people of England and the Indians of
Pennsylvania, Penn was able to secure an entire state for many years to come. So that people could
escape persecution for their religious beliefs, have more freedom, and have a good relationship with
the Indians.
Penn was born on October 14, 1644 at Tower Hill, London, the first of three children of English
Admiral Sir William Penn, and Margaret Jasper. Penn had two wives, Hannah Callowhill Penn
(1696–1718), Gulielma Maria Springett (1672–1694), he had twelve children in total. In 1660–1662,
Penn enrolled in the University of Oxford, where he rejected Anglicanism and was expelled. In
1665, Charles II passed the Conventicle Act, this forbidden gatherings for worship of more than five
people, apart from serving the Anglican Church. If you didn't follow it you would be arrested,
trailed, and will be guilty, with the punishment of death. In 1665–1666, there was the Great Plague
of London it was the last major outbreak of bubonic plague in Britain, killing nearly a quarter of
London's population. In 1666, Penn was sent to Ireland by his father to manage the family estates. In
1670 Penn was arrested, and put in jail for preaching after the recently Conventicle Act was passed.
In 1689 the the

The Film Restoration : The 1960-70 Time Period In London...
The film Restoration depicts the 1960–70 time period in London England. During the film, the
protagonist Merivel is confined to aiding the ill until he is called upon by King Charles II. As Meriel
fulfills his duties as a physician with the king he lives a lavish lifestyle, but also struggles with many
conflicts. His work as a physician required him to work on patients that have fallen ill to the bubonic
plague. As well as the plague, the tragic Great Fire of London is also referenced in the film. As we
evaluate the films interpretations of the restoration time period, we can develop views based on
historical evidence as to if this is an accurate reference to the time period. Also if it should be used
in classrooms to help educate students about this influential period in time. Medicine was a major
aspect of the Restoration time period that the film focused on. The depiction of the plague greatly
represents the real events. The people affected by the bubonic plague were always seen sweating.
People affected would begin to sweat so their bodies could drain their system of the bacteria.
Another technique of healing the plague in the film was blood letting. This was also commonly used
to aid the body in removing bacteria, but this technique was used to speed up the natural process.
The approximate death toll of the plague in London is 20 to 60 percent of the population during the
Restoration time period. The dark tone of the film is expressed through with the tremendous

How Did King Charles II Absolutism
Absolute Monarch Essay King Charles II of England was born on May 29 1630 in London under the
house of Stuart. He quickly rose to power on April 8 1661 at the young age of 30. He would inherit
England, Scotland, and Ireland from his father, King Charles I. King Charles II demonstrated
absolutism when he gained control of the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam around 1664 when
England was in war with Holland. With such a huge accomplishment, it brought a lot of hope and
promise to England. He also showed more absolutism when he Issued the Declaration of Breda
which promised "amnesty and freedom of conscience" and also when he vanished parliament
vowing that there would be no more chatter about some change or succession. King Charles II
affected Politics, Economy and Society in many different ways. He was known to affect Politics
when he totally dissolved parliament around 1679, ruling as an absolute monarch. He affected the
Economy when he came up with the Declaration of Berda, allowing a forgiving act for those who
had been accused of certain offenses which led to a decrease in trade activity due to a number of
citizen's concerns. He is also widely known for a small age of ... Show more content on
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With this happening, it restored the monarchy that was thought to have ended when his father, King
Charles I was killed. If I were a citizen in King Charles' II realm/reign I would have supported him
with everything he did. I would support him because he did everything to ensure that the land he
ruled was strong and that he would have done anything to have saved the land he ruled. When he
gained control of the Dutch settlement it gave the area he ruled more strength and promise. He also
dissolved parliament showing that he was a strong, capable leader and that citizens were either with
him or against

Inbreeding In The Habsburg Dynasty
Inbreeding is an extremely controversial topic of debate that has been around since biblical times.
The most extreme form of inbreeding is incest, which is primarily between first cousins and second–
first cousins. Inbreeding is practiced for many different reasons including royalty, religion, culture,
socioeconomic class, geographic isolation, and small populations. Possibly the most dramatic
instance of incest for reasons of royalty was within Habsburg Dynasty. The Habsburg Dynasty was
one of the most powerful dynasties in Medieval and Renaissance Europe, beginning in the early
12th century. The group controlled huge portions of Europe including Switzerland, Austria,
Hungary, Italy, France, and Spain, maintaining control by marrying only within their dynasty. Most
marriages within the dynasty were consanguineous, meaning marriage between close blood
relatives, taking place between first cousins, double–first cousins, and uncles/nieces. Although their
inbreeding originally led to their rise in power, it consequently led to their eventual demise. By the
end of the 17th century, the negative effects of their marital practices became obvious through that
the dynasty had distinctive physical mutations including a protruding lip, high infant mortality rate,
and many health problems. By 1700, the Habsburgs were sterile, therefore unable to produce a heir.
Another effect of these marriages was that infant and child mortality rose to about 50% within the
Spanish Habsburgs. There

How Is Princess Diana A Hero
Many consider Princess Diana to have been the most favored members of the British Monarch
(biography.com editors 1). She is the former wife of Prince Charles, and the mother to Princes
William and Harry. Her charitable work with children in impoverished countries has formed her
reputation as a role model for the people of Britain and the rest of the world. She traveled across the
world helping those who are sick and injured. Her work in Africa with the children injured by
landmines brought her into the global spotlight (Wexford 3). Princess Diana was more than just a
public figure and royal, she was a loving person who brought light to social issues and cared for
those who could not fend for themselves. A hero as defined in Webster's Dictionary is a person who
"a person admired for achievements or noble qualities" or "one who shows great courage."
However, a hero is more than a person's achievements. A hero is a person who is philanthropic,
generous, and kind. Heros fight for those who can not fight for themselves, and do not judge those
who they are fighting for. They are charitable in ways other than donating money, they give their
time and effort in order to make the lives of others more pleasant. Heros display bravery. They are
willing to go into a dangerous situation to help others that have been affected. Social pressures and
judgements do not affect a hero's willingness to help others, they are willing to push through what
others say in order to complete the tasks

Discussing Christopher Wren 's Cathedral
Diala Tadros
MRS. Doyle
HUM 102–301
10/15/16
Research paper
St. Paul Cathedral
Introduction: This semester my paper will be discussing Christopher Wren's building "St. Paul's
Cathedral", and why St. Paul's Cathedral is considered to be the most important and famous
masterpiece of England's architecture? The St. Paul Cathedral of Sir Christopher Wren was chosen
because it is famously interpreted in the baroque style in England, and dominated English
architecture. St. Paul's cathedral is one of the most famous important building because it was built
on an earlier church that was severely damaged in the Great Fire of London." It is considered as one
of the best symbol of English baroque architecture". It was rebuilt and designed by Christopher
Wren, who also rebuilt over fifty churches that were damaged in Great Fire of London. It is one of
the tallest buildings of London. St. Paul's is the most brilliant building that I've heard that it was
done by a acclaimed artist in London after it was destroyed, and rebuild again.
Concession: Looking at the most ten famous building in London none of them will take your
attention as St. Paul Cathedral that took forty years to build after it was destroyed. Also, it was
designed and built by one of the most famous English architects in the history "Sir Christopher
Wren". "It is said to be at the highest point of the city London. Its dome is elegant as framed by the
spires of Wren's city churches."
Main Body #1: First in this main

The British Government : Constitutional Monarchy
The current British government is a constitutional monarchy, where the monarch is the Head of
State, but only Parliament has the ability to make laws. This distribution of power originated during
the reign of the Stuarts. While absolute monarchs ruled the rest of Europe, the English Parliament
slowly forced the kings and queens to relinquish much of their power. However, limits on the power
of the monarchy were in place far before the Stuart dynasty. In 1215, King John signed the Magna
Carta and agreed to consult the Great Council, which later became Parliament, before raising taxes,
effectively giving Parliament the power of the purse. The conditions of the Magna Carta came into
conflict during the Stuart monarchy. Before the Stuarts, the Tudor family had good relations with
Parliament. When Henry VIII wanted to break away from the Catholic Church, Parliament passed
the Act of Supremacy and because of the many wars, he had to consult Parliament regularly to raise
taxes. After the Tudors, there were six Stuart monarchs, reigning from 1603 to 1714. James I did not
associate well with Parliament, unlike his Tudor predecessors. James, like many absolute rulers at
the time, believed he had a God given divine right to rule and thus did not appreciate Parliament's
role in his government. James and Parliament were in constant conflict over taxes and who had the
right to levy them. Parliament passed the Great Protestation, declaring it had freedom of speech and
superiority in

Hickory Dickory Dock Analysis
Hickory Dickory Dock
Nursery rhymes are poems that have an underline meaning. Nursery rhymes were used in a way to
relay a hidden message that spoke out against the British government. However, guardians and
educators communicated the significance of nursery rhymes to children at a youthful age, asserting
that they are critical for them to build up an urge for dialect, syllables, and rhythm. Individuals
would think that nursery rhymes were sweet and innocent, but in–between those lines was a hidden
message that was derogatory. Nursery rhymes originated in Britain roughly around the seventeenth
hundreds. Many nursery rhymes were popular poems like 'Hickory Dickory Dock." Be that as it
may, does "Hickory Dickory Dock" have a mischievous significance behind its snappy tune?
"Hickory Dickory Dock" is a straightforward nursery rhyme about a mouse and a clock. However, it
presumably alludes to one of Britain's minimum rulers who showed up on the political scene in the
seventeenth century. This nursery rhyme initially published in 1743; yet, is thought to allude to
previous events in the earlier century. England was a republic between the execution of King
Charles I in 1649 and the reclamation of the government, under King Charles II, in 1660. Richard
was given power because his brother died which led him to take his throne. As a result, Richard
Cromwell went on for nine months as Lord Protector before offering his resignation. Richard was
permitted to leave the nation for

We have always lived in the Castle
In the story We have always lived in the Castle, by Shirley Jackson, the reader is presented with
only one perspective and that is Mary Katherine "Merricat" Blackwood's point of view. While many
aspect were present, the one that really stood out was that the Blackwood family does not appreciate
change. Everything is preserved: objects, food, routines, rooms, etc. So, it is clear that when facing
situations that cause change, both Mary Katherine and Constance Blackwood, the two sisters who
survived the murder of the family, would react a certain way. Merricat's reaction is seen through
different stages from non–verbal, to verbal, to violent. On the other hand, Constance seemed to
welcome change for the most part ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That step was mostly seen when Merricat talked about her dislike of cousin Charles. She had, on
multiple occasions, said that "Charles is a ghost" (p.69), that he would soon go away, and that he is
causing uncle Julian to become more sick. The last straw was when Mary Katherine had asked
Charles directly "Please will you go way?" (p.80) and his reply was no. The third step appeared
when Charles kept threatening Merricat that he would win Constance over. She was worried about
losing her sister's affection, so, this young girl decided to scare Charles away. She started listing off
poisonous foods and their effect on the human body. On top of that, she trashed his bedroom to the
point where it became unrecognizable. Her last act of violence towards Charles was when she
started a fire in his bedroom which had successfully gotten her rid of him. She had said: "There
would be nothing of Charles in there now, even his pipe must have been consumed [by the fire]"
(p.102). In this scene, Merricat had repeatedly said that the fire that she had started was Charles' fire.
This sentence alone represented her disconnection to the fire that she had started, nothing was her
fault, she merely took a measure to get rid of a nuisance. This concept was mostly visible when
Merricat said " I wondered if I could go up the stairs and shut the door to our father's room and keep
the fire inside, belonging entirely to

Essay Historians' Changing Opinions of Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was a well known military dictator. He helped the Parliamentarians win the First
Civil War and was named Lord Protector. He died in 1658 but many people still remember him as
one of the best leaders in history although others believe he was a harsh tyrant and always wanted
too much power for himself. Throughout the years, numerous historians have changed their views
on whether he was a good leader or not. This work will look at three interpretations from different
people on who Cromwell was and what he was like and compare them.
Winstanley said, "Cromwell was the English monster who tried to destroy our monarchy." William
Winstanley, a writer and diarist, was a strong Royalist. He was also known as "The Man Who Saved
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These facts are well documented and not just Winstanley's opinion.
At the time of this statement, Cromwell was already dead so Winstanley did not to have to worry
about what he could do to him. In some ways, Winstanley is the well qualified to make a statement
as he actually lived at the same time as Cromwell where the other two people making statements did
not and relied on evidence to make their judgements. Of course the fact he has different beliefs
would influence his viewpoint.
Rosebery said about Cromwell, "He was the strong raiser and sustainer of the power of the Empire
of England."
Lord Rosebery, 1899, was the Prime Minister from 1894 to 1895, the leader of the Liberal party and
a supporter of the British Empire. He was a well–read, educated man and a member of the nobility.
As a member of the nobility with an Earldom, Rosebery would be more similar in some ways to a
Royalist. However he was also a well educated person and leader of the Liberal party so would
possibly have a more balanced point of view.
His statement was written two centuries after Cromwell and is based on historic evidence and his
ability to read books but not from first hand experience. This means he has other peoples' biased
reports to read and these could change they way he thinks about Cromwell without it perhaps being
true.
The Boer War was happening around the same time as Rosebery made this statement and

Summary Of Bacon's Rebellion
Lauren Miller
CIS History –3
Common Assignment #1
10/26/15
Bacon's Rebellion
Nathanial Bacon was a young, bold, active, and powerful individual (Beverly). Bacon was born in
England, taught at Cambridge, and later moved to Virginia with his wife, Elizabeth, in 1974 (Tarter).
Bacon graduated from the University of Cambridge and studied the law. Elizabeth's father, the Sir
Edward Duke of Suffolk, opposed their marriage. Her disinheritance by her father contributed to
Bacon's decision to migrate to North America. When they moved they got two plantations paid for
by his father. Bacon owned the two plantations along the Jamestown northern frontier. By his social
position and financial means, Bacon was brought up in the governor's council in ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Berkeley saw Bacon's action as a direct challenge to his own authority. The governor didn't like his
choices, and now refused to grant him anything. However the council, fearing the awful
consequences of disrupting an unhappy individual who was ready armed and had the governor,
council, and assembly entirely in their power, told the governor to accept his request. With much
hesitancy the governor signed it, and put the power of war and peace into Bacon's hands. This was
not a good decision to make considering Bacon just came to the council and threatened them to
grant his wishes. He then immediately marched off, achieving his end, which was in effect power to
acquire a trust of the Indian trade for himself and his friends. The governor, having failed to raise an
army against Bacon to fight his men, had no choice but to flee to the Eastern shore. He then
gathered enough strength to return to Jamestown, where he proclaimed Bacon and his men. Berkley
had called for new elections to the Burgesses for better aid of the Native American problem. Bacon
was not serving his business in the House of Burgesses; instead he was at his plantation miles away.
By then the governor had a small party with him. He aided them with clothes, arms and
ammunitions, in order to cross the bay and oppose the rebel. Bacon feared that he could not fight
against them then decided set fire to the town to solve

St. Paul 's Cathedral
London is a city that is steeped in rich history and has many cultural influences that have affected
everything from the way that Londoners speak down to the architecture. One of the most influential
buildings in this time is one that dominated the London skyline as a reference point for 300 years up
until the 1960's, and that is Wren's St. Paul's Cathedral. This building has been recorded to be in
existence on its site as early as the 604, but it could have been around as early as the 400's. St. Paul's
has endured many things throughout its time, but none as disastrous as the Great Fire in 1666. This
event, which almost destroyed the whole town of London, but the entire church as well, created a
design opportunity for the aspiring architect Christopher Wren. With a huge path of destruction
carved out for the fire, the city was looking for an architect to help them restore their city, but with a
new style. Wren was provided with the chance to do over 50 churches in London, which St. Paul's is
his most prominent and remembered design. It is his design that is what decorates the London
skyline and extends up 365 feet into the sky, and is one of the greatest examples of acoustics inside
of a building. This essays goal is to explore the effect of the Great Fire in the design of this buildings
current look, as well as explore the various designs of the domes and the interesting phenomenon
which is the Whispering Gallery.
St. Paul's Cathedral is an extremely old cathedral which

Were the Difficulties Faced by Charles Ii Due More to...
Were the difficulties faced by Charles II due more to financial concerns than foreign policy in the
years 1667–1678?
Charles II faced a vast amount of difficulties during his reign, but particularly during the period of
1667–1678. He suffered financial difficulties, foreign policy issues and religious problems. Finance
became an obvious problem due to his lack of funds, however his foreign policy was constantly
needing money, and a combination of both left Charles with many difficulties.
A substantial difficulty that Charles II faced was that of finance. Finance was a major issue between
crown and parliament, especially in–between the years 1665 to 1667. The Crown's income had
dropped by £200,000, and MPs believed that the problems ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Almost echoing the problems faced with finance was Charles Foreign policy. Charles planned an
attack on the Dutch in 1672 with help from the French. This required finance and with the payment
of loans, Crown only had an income of £400,000. So, Charles declared the crown bankrupt, making
it harder to secure future loans but making parliament give him £1.2 million to fund the attack on
the Dutch. This shows the foreign policy being the reason for the difficulties faced by Charles, as a
lot of the financial concerns were due to the need to fund wars.
From 1670 Charles had a new alliance with France and he wanted a third war against the Dutch to
avenge the humiliation from the second one. Between the years 1673 – 1674 saw the Dutch war go
badly and it proved costly. This again showed Charles as facing difficulties from the foreign policy
as he was too proud to let the war lie, and therefore again need more funding, relying on finance.
Charles was forced to sign the treaty of Westminster in 1674, which was to end the conflict and
England kept New York, whilst the Dutch kept Surinam. In 1675 Parliament only voted £300,000
for the Navy, but due to continuing French success against the Dutch, parliament then voted
£600,000. This again shows how the foreign policy was affecting the financial situation, which then
continues to drive Charles and Parliament away.
The secret treaty also

London Fire Research Paper
The city of London was a place of prosperity, a city that connected many people to others from
around the world was a little more dangerous than people were lead on to believe. On 1666 a bakery
caught fire during the night and fire spread quickly throughout the city of London. Lasting multiple
days the it was one of the most destruction fires in the history of the world. The fire of London
destroyed countless acers of land, but upon the destruction it allowed for reconstruction of the city,
showed how it affected the world and who was being blamed for the fire. A time that would lead to
great improvements that would be lasting effects even to this day.
The great fire of London was one of the most destructive fires in history, destroying more ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the time period design of cities and how they were built and what they were built of always
had some risk to it, the cities of the time they were closely packed built of wood and other
flammable materials. Which was the exact reason London and everything around it was burned to
the ground the way it was. After the fire was put out it was time to make some changes and that is
when the "Rebuilding Act of 1667 outlawed timber buildings; all structures were to be built of brick
or stone" ("The Great Fire of London" 3). This law put in place would change the world for when
old cities were taken down and rebuilt this rebuilding act would dictate what they were made of and
how the buildings were placed. It moved the world a step closer becoming what it is today moving
away for old traditions and ways of building. It created in a sense a building revolution for large
cities around the world. With all the damage that was done people were low on money and lost
almost anything they could not get out of their homes in time. Now and days people turn to a system
called insurance to regain lost money. So people were looking for a way to get back on their feet but
"the fire destroyed more than 13,000 homes at a time when insurance did not exist" (Davies n.page).
Which the idea of insurance at the time

Essay On The Restoration Period
The period from 1660 to 1700 is known as the Restoration period. It was a period when King
Charles II of England marked the beginning of a new era both in social life and the literature of
England upon his return from exile. He revived a theatrical genre known as 'Comedies of Manners'
which was lewd and hilarious. 'The Way of the world' depicts real picture of the restoration period
connected to amoral and exploitative manners of the people. Therefore, this essay will be analyzed
based on how the play acts as a social mirror of the restoration period in England during Congreve's
time. First of all, the play is a dramatic representation of varieties of love that prevailed in England
during the restoration period. Marriage was just a mere game of love. There were betrayals on
marriage without love yet the fake relation continued for various reasons. Mirabell, the ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
People were concerned about money and its security rather than considering marriage a sacred
ceremony knitted with love and loyalty. Mirabell's love for Millamant does not make him lose his
sight and attention of Millamant's fortune for she is the heir to 6,000 pound .Mirabell and Millamant
need Lady Wishfort's approval for their marriage or else Millamant would lose half of her
inheritance which is under Lady Wishfort's control. Mr. Fainall also marries Mrs. Fainall for the
sake of money he could acquire from her. According to Siwach (n.d), the fact that Mr. Fainall
married for money can be hardly held against him in his society, but to marry for money to finance
for love affair is more difficult to accept. Thus, it is comprehensible that love without money is an
impossible dream, although money corrupts what love is. Nonetheless, the fact of acquiring money
dealt a business over fake marriage and mostly an agreement of a secure future and also in providing
good reputation to

Princess Catherine Research Paper
Her sons are not children anymore, and they have been opening up more about her death and the
influence/tole it made on them. Harry it impacted his life by making him want to help as many
people if not more than his mother. William it impacted him in much of the same way. He is an Air
Ambulance Pilot for the East Anglian Air, in addition to undertaking a number of charities much like
his mother. He is a large activist for conservation and preserving the environment. "Let us not tell
our children the sad tale of how we watched as the last elephants, rhinos and tigers died out, but the
inspiring story of how we turned the tide and preserved them for all humanity"(The Home of the
Royal Family) William focus much of his charity on the Armed Forces. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
She is still missed today by millions and the world is lucky that her son Harry is continuing her
legacy. Harry was a soldier in the military. and helped people that way as well as continuing his
mother's charity work. Even though Harry will most likely never be king, he has and will continue
to impact this earth. He was once, unfortunately, nicknamed the 'spare' but, he has found his way
now and a purpose. Every year in Orlando they have Invictus Games. They're like the Olympics for
soldiers, especially those who were injured. He goes to Disney World and rides the rides. He
remembers when Diana took them to Disney world and they road space mountain at least a dozen
times. He was excited about the prospect of getting a picture with Mickey mouse. He says that
adults suck the life out of you, but when you are around children it's like they revive you. They
share their energy with you.
Harry says Diand has an influence in his work no matter if he realizes it or

Film Restoration
"Restoration": A Film Critique Restoration is a film directed by Michael Hoffman and adapted from
the Rose Tremain novel of the same title. The peculiar English tale takes place in the seventeenth
century, when King Charles II took control of the country, replacing Oliver Cromwell. Along with
King Charles's reign came the period of Restoration known for its return to man and hedonists
lifestyles, which replaced Cromwell's strict Puritan rule. The film beings with a fictional aspiring
doctor, who King Charles calls on to cure on of his beloved spaniels, becomes entranced by the
King's web of lies and persuasion and, eventually, is coerced into marrying one of the King's
mistresses. Robert Downey Jr. plays the asinine doctor, Robert Merivel,

Types Of Courtly Performance During The Modern Court
In the early modern court, the illusion of power could be just as important as power itself. If
courtiers participated in the various performances of the court, they had the potential to gain
significant amounts of influence and prestige. These types of courtly performances were shared by
monarchs, courtiers and lesser figures albeit in sometimes very distinct manners. This performance
of the court consisted of various different aspects, including: associating with influential individuals,
royal ceremonies, courtliness, and bodily performance. One type of courtly performance, which was
primarily a concern of the courtiers and lesser court figures, was the association and ingratiation of
one's self with influential court figures in order to gain status and respect. This was a performance in
that courtiers were, in a way, required to form relationships on the basis of status and in the court
friends were primarily a tool to advance one's standing in the court. A prime example of this is
William Chiffinch the Page of the Backstairs of Charles II's court. A man of humble origins,
Chiffinch was able to rise to a position of significant power and influence through his connection to
a powerful individual, the king. "Like many of Charles II's household servants... Chiffinch had
begun this intimacy with the king before the Restoration. He and his elder brother, Thomas, had
been introduced to the Prince of Wales and Charles I's Oxford camp by Bishop Duppa of Salisbury"
(Allen

Great Fire Of London Research Paper
The Great Fire of London Disasters are common when the right precautions are forgotten. When a
disaster happens, the technology used to extinguish the disaster is modernized. The Great Fire of
London was a disaster that could have been prevented. The Great Fire caused the people of London
to grieve because they lost so much, but also to learn from their mistakes to prevent it from
happening in the future. After the fire, documenters documented the path that the fire traveled. The
fire was started in a bakery that was located on Pudding Lane ("The Great Fire of London."). From
the bakery, the fire ignited straw from the Star Inn across the street. From this, the fire then spread to
Thames Street. This is the start of the fire that was soon ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The fire started on September 2, 1666. Thomas Farrinor, a baker, did not put the fire completely out
in his oven the night of September 1, 1666. Thomas managed to save his family along with a servant
from the fire, but failed to save a bakery assistant ("Great Fire of London Begins"). There had not
been rain for weeks prior to the Great Fire, so everything was very hot and dry ("The Great Fire of
London."). Most of the houses were made out of oak timber and in the poorer houses; the walls were
covered in tar, which made it easier for the fire to destroy them. The houses were overcrowded and
were all filled with flammable things that caused everything to either explode or catch on fire
("Great Fire of London Begins"). Trying to use buckets to put the fire out was something that they
soon realized was not going to work. After they realized this, everyone started to panic. People were
trying to escape the fire by boat on the River Thames. Samuel Pepys told the people of London that
King Charles II had ordered for all the houses in the path of the fire to be destroyed creating a
'firebreak'. The king personally joined in the people in an attempt to put out the fire, but it continued
to spread wildly. Another attempt was taken to stop the fire by blowing houses up with gunpowder
to make an even bigger firebreak, but ended up causing more fright and panic because rumors were
spread that a French invasion was beginning to happen. Half of the city of London was in flames by
Tuesday, September 5, 1666 ("The Great Fire of London." ). The Great Fire spread from Sunday,
September 2, 1666 to Wednesday, September 5, 1666. The fire spread the most on Tuesday and
Wednesday (@Sean_Munger).A man named Robert Hubert claimed that he was the man who started
the fire and was hung. After his death, they realized it was impossible for him to have been the one
to start the fire because he was not in London until the second day of

Rhetorical Devices In King Charles II
Savile uses ethos, metaphors, and similes to persuade the readers to adopt his supportive and
compassionate tone towards King Charles II. Saville employs rhetorical devices to portray his want
for his readers to acknowledge his supportive and compassionate tone towards King Charles II. He
uses the metaphor "dissimulation is a jewel of the crown", to portray the belief that being untruthful
is apart of wearing the crown and being King. This is also an example of ethos. Savile is trying to
make his audience believe that King Charles is only being deceitful because it is apart of his duty as
King. This is a display of his compassion towards King Charles II. Saville also states that "As a
sword is sooner broken upon a feather bed than upon a table,

THE GREAT FIRE OF LONDON OF 1666
THE GREAT FIRE OF LONDON OF 1666 The Great Fire of London of 1666 that was started by
Thomas Farrinor's bakery caused the destruction of 80 percent of London and led to the creation of
insurance and firefighting companies. The fire marked a time of rebirth for the British capital since
the city had to rebuild entirely. The fire was quite an interesting event owing the fact that it caused
such an extreme amount of destruction and took the lives of only six people. Londoners remember
the seventeenth century as a time of desolation, but the events that occurred have impacted the
world today. With the creation of insurance and firefighting, not only are people protected, but their
property also. As a rule, builders in seventeenth–century ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Farrinor immediately ran upstairs and when he reached the top, he saw flames, but the flames were
not near his ovens, or even close to a pile of wood near the ovens (Shields 80–81). The family then
searched for an escape route out of the house (Alagna 4). Unable to exit downstairs due to a blocked
path, the Farrinor family fled to the roof. The family begged their maid to follow them but she was
more afraid of heights than the fire. She stayed in the house and was the first person to die in the
Great Fire. The family, however, continued across rooftops until they were safe from the fire
(Shields 81). Subsequently, the flames were halfway across London Bridge soon after the fire was
started. Two groups of buildings, separated by a clearance, sat on London Bridge (Alagna 19).
Pieces of the burning buildings fell into the river causing the water to turn into smoke and steam
(Hanson 53). The sights and sounds of the London Bridge burning and falling in the water, created a
dark perception for onlookers. The previously mentioned clearance in the London Bridge was a
successful firebreak in an earlier fire, and it was successful again in the Great Fire. London was
lucky that only one–third of London Bridge burned (Alagna 19). Furthermore, the fire continued to
spread rapidly. Huge pieces of wood fell, burning and blazing, forming bridges for the fire to spread
to other buildings. Every house became fuel to the fire, so it could grow

The Tell Tale Heart and A Confession Found In A Prison In...
Compare and Contrast The Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe and A
Confession Found In A Prison In The Time Of Charles II by Charles
Dickens
====================================================================
We have looked at two different short stories by two different authors. The first story is called 'The
Tell–Tale Heart' by Edgar
Allan Poe and the second is called 'A Confession found in a prison in the time of Charles II' by
Charles Dickens. I have found out that that they both have a murder theme in common. There are
also other similar themes between the two poems such as early confessions.
The plot in 'The Tell–Tale Heart' is about a mad man that has the motive to kill an old man because
of the look of his eye. We ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The boy could also be a problem in the future. We know quite quickly that all is not well for both
narrators because they both hint of the outcome, and confess early. In 'A confession found in a
prison in the time of Charles II' the narrator says 'I will set down the naked truth without disguise'
showing that he will reveal the whole story. He also says 'My name is written in the black–book of
death,' which shows that he is line for execution for something that he has done wrong. The same
sort of theme applies for 'The Tell–Tale
Heart' when the narrator quotes 'How calmly I can tell you the whole story.' This shows that
something is going to be confessed in the near future. Both authors use short sentences at the
beginnings of their stories.
They use this writing technique to build tension. This is shown better in the 'The Tell–Tale Heart,'
line 15 where he starts of the paragraph with three sentences in the first line. 'Now this is the point.
You fancy me mad. Madmen know nothing.'
In 'The Tell–Tale Heart,' the only relationship is between the old man and the narrator. They seemed
to be good friends at the beginning of the story, as the narrator claims to 'Love the old man.' 'He had
never wronged me' shows that the old man had never done anything to offend the narrator or to turn
the narrator against him. This shows that the
relationship

John Locke, a British Philosopher, Studied the Knowledge...
John Locke (b. 1632, d. 1704) was a British philosopher, Oxford academic and medical researcher.
Locke's monumental An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) is one of the first great
defenses of empiricism and concerns itself with determining the limits of human understanding in
respect to a wide spectrum of topics. It thus tells us in some detail what one can legitimately claim
to know and what one cannot. Locke's association with Anthony Ashley Cooper (later the First Earl
of Shaftesbury) led him to become successively a government official charged with collecting
information about trade and colonies, economic writer, opposition political activist, and finally a
revolutionary whose cause ultimately triumphed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Among
Locke's political works he is most famous for The Second Treatise of Government in which he
argues that sovereignty resides in the people and explains the nature of legitimate government in
terms of natural rights and the social contract. He is also famous for calling for the separation of
Church and State in his Letter Concerning Toleration. Much of Locke's work is characterized by
opposition to authoritarianism. This is apparent both on the level of the individual person and on the
level of institutions such as government and church. For the individual, Locke wants each of us to
use reason to search after truth rather than simply accept the opinion of authorities or be subject to
superstition. He wants us to

St Paul Cathedral Research Paper
Main Body #3: Next in this paragraph I will be discussing the history of St. Paul Cathedral. This
building has a long history events starting in 1561.Before the Great Fire the St. Paul's Cathedral was
called the "old St. Paul's", one of the largest Christian cathedrals in Europe. This 19th century
(middle ages) building was 178 meters long, and 149 meters high, till it was struck in 1561 by
lightning. The Greek cross design was made after the London Great Fire. Wren started to be more
smart and thoughtful between the 16th to 17th century of English cathedral design. The great model
was remarkable for two reasons, the classical style of Italian renaissance, and the centrally planned
designs. The "Warrant" design. It was created in the 16th ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Paul. The exterior of saint Paul consists throughout of two orders, the lower Corinthian, the upper
composite. On the north and south border, the uppermost form is hardly a curtain–wall, not
comparable with height of the hallway and cover up the flying buttresses that backing the clerestory
of the nave. The post along the top was added against the choice of Wren, who desperately
mentioned it that ladies expect nothing well work without the edging, The west front has a lower
portico of twelve columns' and an uppermost one of eight columns. The cathedral beaux arts
architecture is characterized by rounded domes and arches. The church body is made of granite
stone from St. Cloud, in shape of Greek cross. It has three front entrances rest under a monumental

Walter Fitzalan Personality
Born about the year 1108 and growing up at Oswestry, Walter FitzAlan knew wealth, privilege, and
warfare. And he was quick to capitalize on his background. In his late twenties, Walter joined forces
with some of the most powerful Norman figures in England, engaging a series of battles in which
the throne of England was at stake. On one side was the claimant Stephen of Blois, and opposing
him Matilda (called "Maud"), the daughter of recently deceased King Henry I. In these contests,
Walter FitzAlan linked up with Scotland's King David and also with one of King Henry's sons
named Reginald Dunstanville, a half–brother of Maud [10]. Although their cause on behalf of Maud
was eventually lost, firm relationships between Walter FitzAlan, Reginald ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
David granted Walter the lands of "Kerkert" and "Strathgryffe" (much of the land of Renfrewshire)
and it was here, in Paisley, that Walter established his home. He built a structure called Blackhall
Manor that served him and his descendants for generations [12]. Blackhall served as an ancestral
home for subsequent generations of his family who served as hereditary stewards of Scotland. In the
centuries to follow these hereditary stewards ascended to the Scottish throne as kings, adopting the
surname Stewart for themselves and ultimately forming the Stuart dynasty that ruled Scotland,
Ireland, and England during the 17th century [13]. Thus Blackhall Manor can be thought a cradle of
kings, as the Stuart dynasty of Scotland and England find their beginnings in Walter FitzAlan at
Blackhall. Also at Paisley, Walter endowed a Cluniac monastery in Paisley in Renfrewshire,
importing monks from Shropshire, which monastery grew into Paisley Abbey in Walter's lifetime. In
later years Walter would be buried

How Did Charles II Impact The English Bill Of Rights
The provisions of the English Bill of Rights provided protection against past actions taken by
Charles I and James II. The provisions of the English Bill of rights influenced future governments,
such as the United States of America. In other words, the English Bill of Rights helped create the
world we live in today. Charles I defaulted on the agreement of martial law because of its limitations
on royal power. He decided that since he could not work with Parliament, Charles would not
summon to meet. Charles I pursued a course of personal rule, which would force him to find ways to
collect taxes without cooperation of Parliament. His religious policy was catastrophic. After eleven
years of frustration, Parliament became determined to deal the king his due. They decided that the
king had gone too far, and England slipped into civil war. Parliament was victorious in the first
phase of the civil war. In the end, Parliament ended the first phase of the civil war with the capture
of King Charles I. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
James tried to undermine the constitution and declared the throne of England empty. The English
Bill of Rights declared Parliament's right to make laws, levy taxes, and made it impossible for kings
to oppose or do without the consent of Parliament. However, the English Bill of Rights did not settle
the religious problem that played a large role in England's troubles in the seventeenth century. Over
the next century, Parliament gradually proved to be the real authority in the English constitutional
monarchy. The English revolutions of the seventeenth century, however, prompted very different
responses from the English society. Overall, the English Bill of Rights insured to support the
demands for constitutional government, the rule of law, and the protection of

The Stuart Monarchy And The Tudor Monarchy
The Stuart monarchy is equally matched to the Tudor Monarchy in tumultuous affairs. The Stuart
monarchy began with James I who succeeded the throne from Elizabeth I. However, the eventual
successor that would experience the highest degree of failures would be his son, Charles I. Charles's
reign can be considered one of the biggest failures in the Stuart monarch. Under Charles I, the
relationship between the crown and Parliament would further descend. Although it does appear that
Charles inherited the conflict with Parliament from his father, he does nothing to improve the
relationship. Moreover, his reign resulted in further dissension between the crown and Parliament.
During Charles's reign a few key components were becoming more and more visible. Components
that were detrimental to the crown. Religion, Finances, and Politics were beyond divided. In religion
many began to oppose Charles because of his wife Henrietta. She was a devout Roman Catholic,
and this affected Charles severely. Parliament contained many members who were highly Protestant.
They wanted to reduce Roman Catholic influence in politics, and having a Catholic queen
threatened this. Charles vehemently avoid all attempts to persuade him to convert to a Roman
Catholic. Charles openly supported the Church of England, but his claims fell on deaf ears, mostly
in part to his own wife and mother. The people feared Charles's attempts towards religious toleration
because it further exacerbated fears that the Roman

The Economic Causes Of The First Anglo-Dutch War
In the seventeenth century, overseas trade was vital for the European countries as the circulation of
currency and commodities allowed nations to function. Rommelse claims in his article that this
interdependence of nations caused by necessary trading lead to a rise in economic influence in
politics which in turn lead to economic conflicts becoming wars between nations. I agree with his
point, and believe this fact is best exemplified in Anglo–Dutch relations. The first two Anglo–Dutch
Wars were dominated by economic conflict, but after the treaty of Breda in 1667, economic interests
showed a less prevalent effect in Anglo–Dutch political relationships and the third Anglo–Dutch war
was unique as its cause was purely political. The English Civil War began the conflict that would
lead to the first Anglo–Dutch war. The Parliamentary forces were largely protestant, and the
parliamentary forces reached out for an alliance with the Dutch Republic to form a bond with the
only protestant nation. Rommelse states that the Dutch republic realized that an alliance with
England would allow for English aggression in claiming previously Dutch–only trading routes. This
fact is further supported by an article written by J.E. Farnell. The protestant forces now in control of
England were angry at the rejection of an alliance, and in 1651 passed the Navigation Acts with the
sole purpose of hurting Dutch trade with the rest of Europe. By limiting who could carry English
goods or

Princess Diana Influences
Princess Diana was known as the "people's princess" who stunned the world with her ability to
conquer any hurdles life threw at her. She also was known for showing the people that she cared.
Her sudden death left the world in shock, and many people say her touching story changed their life.
Princess Diana is an influential person because of her ability to overcome hardship, her
unconventional royal duties, her widely recognized charitable work, and the impact of her death.
Throughout the years of Princess Diana's life she showed her capability to overcome hardship, and
work through her pain to become someone the world would never forget. Her life began on July 1,
1961, in her quiet hometown of Sandringham, England. Diana learned at an early age how to deal
with her rough family life. Her struggles began when her parents divorced when she was a small
child, further lessening her relationship with her parents. Her and her four other siblings helped each
other through that tough time.
Prince Charles first became interested in Princess Diana when she was 16, this is where their love
interest began. At the time he was dating her older sister, Lady Sarah. A few years later she and
Prince Charles begin talking. After becoming friends, and eventually lovers Prince Charles and
Diana Spencer (her maiden name) marry on July 29, 1981 now being formally known as Diana,
Princess of Wales. About a year after their marriage they have their first child together on June 21,
1982. The child's

Research Paper : Aphra Behn
Maia Davis
Orlando/4A
English 2302
Research Paper: Aphra Behn
In a time when very few authors – let alone female authors – could support themselves through their
craft, Aphra Behn was a well known and highly regarded writer in London. She wrote many plays
for the London stage, penned poetry, and wrote what some consider the first English novel (though
others consider it a novella or a somewhat long short story). Much of her work decries the unequal
treatment of women in her era, and she suffered the consequences of these claims by enduring harsh
criticism and even arrest.
Aphra Behn, one of the most influential dramatists of the late seventeenth century, was also a
celebrated poet and novelist. Her contemporary reputation was founded primarily on her
"scandalous" plays, which she claimed would not have been criticized for impropriety had a man
written them. Behn 's assertion of her unique role in English literary history is confirmed not only by
the extraordinary circumstances of her writings, but by those of her life history as well.
Not much is known about the early life of Aphra Behn; one scholar describes the author as having "a
lethal combination of obscurity, secrecy and staginess, which makes her an uneasy fit for any
narrative, speculative or factual" (Todd 1). Best estimates place Behn 's birth in Kent, on December
14th of 1640. She was born to Elizabeth Denham and Bartholomew Johnson; it is believed that her
father was a barber. Because her mother cared for

Charles II Dbq Essay
"The reign of Charles II and the revolution against his brother James show that England in the later
seventeenth century was ready to be Tory and Anglican but not Roman Catholic and Francophile."
Discuss.
It is not wrong to assume that the consequence of the reigns of Charles and James II was to lead
England to be Tory –for some time, at least– and Anglican rather than Francophile and Catholic.
Both Charles and James II had sympathies for Catholicism, and England had had a tense and
problematic relationship with Roman Catholicism since the reign of Henry VIII. This tendency and
the relationship of Charles with Louis XIV contributed greatly to the ever–increasing hostility
towards France and Catholicism.
At first, Charles was willing to implement ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Danby was pro–Dutch, anti–French, and anti–Catholic who sought to strengthen the Commons'
loyalty to the King. To accomplish his objectives, he concentrated his efforts in the House of
Commons. The Commons were divided into the Court party, which supported the King, and the
Country party, which normally opposed the Crown. Later, the Court party was called Tory, and the
Country party, Whig. He sought the loyalty of the Court party by giving them pensions, offices, and
payments in cash.
To worsen the situation of Catholics, rumors about a Popish Plot started to be spread. Oates and
Tonge, the ones who invented the plot, affirmed that a group of Jesuits were planning to kill the
King and place in his place his Catholic brother, James. Thereupon these declarations, a wave of
false accusations against Catholics were made, and many were punished and killed. The Commons
passed a bill hardening the Test Act. In response to this supposed Popish Plot, the Whigs started a
plot to prevent James from becoming the new King when Charles died. When this conspiracy was
brought to light, it ruined the Whig

Analysis Of Las Meninas
Las Meninas RLR
Jonathon Brown uses more of a historical approach to Las Meninas and reflects on the artist
intentions instead of the painting itself. He of course describes the Characters and tells the reader
that Antonio Palomino could identify pretty much all the characters since 1724. He says the
foreground the child Margarita Maria, Next to her are two maids of honor, or the meninas. One
meninan is Maria Agustina Sarmiento, who is giving a glass of water to the princess. The other maid
is Isabel de Velasco. In the middle ground, we see Marcela de Ulloa he has an unidentified
bodyguard next to him. To the right corner of the painting are Mari Barbola and Nicolas Pertusato
they are the dwarfs. There is a large canvas to the left and the painter is behind it. In the mirror in
the back of the painting shows the King and Queen, it is King Philip IV and Mariana of Austria.
There is an open door in the painting were Jose de Nieto is standing, that is the aposenrador of the
queen (Brown, 88).
Now Jonathon Brown thinks the setting and characters do not have much importance on what the
painting really means. Of course, he says that the painting is to show respect to the Court and the
King and Queen and show just how important they but this cannot tell us much about the painting
itself. The painting is to show the artist himself as noble as the people of the court as well. It's trying
to depict a picture that shows the value of the artist himself "royal epiphany" (Brown, 92) all

King Charles Ii
Kayla Sigman
English
Mr. Sell
B9
8 January 2013
King Charles II
When we think of a King we have a Royal figure in mind that is chosen or while others are not, to
rule their country, an extravagant non–ordinary person. What about the King of England, Scotland,
and Ireland. That was King Charles II, an extra ordinary person that the people loved, especially the
women. Charles the Second was a man of high stature who accomplished good deeds and was a
very merry monarch behind the scenes. Exactly who was Charles II? He was born May 29, 1630.
Charles II was the eldest son of King Charles I of England and Queen Henrietta Maria. Preparations
were made for the young prince to be baptized in July. The baptism of a prince is an ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Louise de Keroualle attempted to persuade Charles to become a Catholic, a suicidal move in
strongly Protestant England; Charles was canny enough to resist, despite his own Catholic leanings
(Jokinen). On his deathbed in 1685, the King begged his brother and successor, James 'Do not let
poor Nelly starve.' James generously paid Nell's debts and gave her an allowance, but it was not for
long. After Nell's death she became something of a legend, as a good–natured charmer, and an
ordinary girl from the slums who was probably the only mistress of King Charles who truly loved
him (Abbott). He is known as the Merry Monarch in reference to both the liveliness and hedonism
of his court as well as the relief to return to normality after ten years of puritan rule (Jokinen).
Charles II was definitely a lady's man considering he had no children with his wife, Catherine.
Charles II made changes in England that affected the entire world so to speak. Charles created a
council of five men who were to be his ministers and a liaison with Parliament (Abbott). They were
members of Parliament and the beginning of what would eventually become the cabinet of
parliamentary government – that portion of the government that would perform government
functions in the place of the monarch (Abbott). Charles was extremely tolerant of those who had
condemned his father to death (Jokinen). He was also tolerant in religious

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