Aquatab Temperature Experiment

Aquatab Temperature Experiment
The graph above shows the mean and median time for the reaction rate. The times were converted to
seconds for ease of use. The mean times are the average time that the Aquatab required to finish its
reaction. The mean times for the different temperatures show the overall trend and effect of the
temperature on reaction rate it allows for quick and accurate conclusions to be found. From the data
the conclusion was formed that temperature had a noticeable effect on reaction rate. The mean
values were as follows: 322s (cold 8–13⁰C), 82.56s (ambient 25–28⁰C) and 34.82s (hot 35–37⁰C).
Cold water had a noticeable time difference to ambient and hot temperatures, that being that cold
water clearly had the slowest reaction time (322s) out of the temperatures. ... Show more content on
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By setting an amount of tests that would be conducted we allowed for an even number of tests
between water temperatures. The amount of tests that were conducted were chosen with
considerations, these included: the amount of time given to complete the experiment, the work force
granted to complete the experiment and the equipment able to be supplied and used. This allowed
for the optimal amount of tests to be conducted and allowed for accurate data collection. This
experiment allowed for conclusions to be drawn and uses to be analysed. The use of this
experiments results and conclusions in society are: allows for the optimal temperature to be chosen
to purify water with the least time loss. This could be useful in survival situations and recreational
activities, where time is
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Homeostasis: A Change Of Body Temperature
The body must maintain a constant state of equality called homeostasis so that our body will operate
at its max potential. The definition for homeostasis is "The tendency of an organism or a cell to
regulate its internal conditions, usually by a system of feedback control, so as to stabilize health and
functioning, regardless of the outside changing conditions." (Biology–Online) So basically an
organism tries to no matter its external conditions maintain the optimal internal conditions so that its
internals don't take damage from the temperature and will remain at the normal and expected
operating temperature.To do this the animal must consume energy from inside its body so that it can
perform the act of maintaining homeostasis. This energy most often comes from ... Show more
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For instance, in the case temperature and homeostasis if a human's body can't actively calculate and
compensate for exterior temperatures then things like overheating or even hypothermia can occur. If
exterior temperatures are lower than the required internal temperature then over time a person's
internal temperature will fall leading to hypothermia and death, but homeostasis is supposed to
prevent that by using energy to maintain the correct body temperature. If there is even a one degree
change in celsius is can lead to harm for the body and usually signifies that there is something
wrong not to mention it shows just how sensitive the body and brain are to temperature changes.
When there are such temperature extremes and your body has to consume energy to control and
maintain homeostasis one of the first things to be affected is your brain. The brain is one of the most
important if not the most important organ in your

Effects of Temperature on Cell Membranes
Investigating the effect of temperature on plant cell membranes
The purpose of this activity is:
to practise experimental and investigative skills to investigate the effect of temperature on cell
membrane structures
Procedure
SAFETY: Always carry scalpels clasped to a tile and with the tip pointing away from you.
Beetroot cells contain pigments called betalains that give the tissue its dark purple–red colour. The
pigment is contained in the cell vacuole.
Investigation
a. Collect 3 or 4 beetroot cores from the beaker provided. Cut each core into 2 cm sections until you
have enough for one core for each temperature of water bath that you will be using. Put your 2 cm
sections into a test tube with plenty of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This means that the vacuole contents will more readily leak into the water in the test tube. The
higher the temperature, the greater the disruption to the plasma membranes and the more pigment
will leak out in 30 minutes.
2. The factors controlled in this test are the ones that are the same from one group to another – the
size of the beetroot cores (their surface area and volume), the advance treatment of the beetroot
cores, the volume of water in the test tubes, the pre–heating (or chilling) of the water in the test
tubes using the water baths, the length of time the cores spend in the water baths, the treatment of
the cores after heating. The experiment could be made more reliable by using more samples of
beetroot, and by maintaining the temperature with thermostatically–controlled water baths.
3. The higher the temperature, the greater the amount of pigment released from the

Automatic Temperature Control Fan
Abstract:
The automatic temperature control system is a very essential feature of a factory or an industry. In
most of the case the temperature plays a vital role in the process of manufacturing or the process
carried in that factory or industry.
The most common and simplest way of controlling temperature is by using a fan which is
automatically connected to a network such as it is switched on when the temperature of the
surroundings increases.
The change in temperature of the surroundings can be sensed with the help of thermistor or a
sensistor. These electronic components sense the temperature of the surroundings. When there is a
change in the temperatue tempetature then these electronic components start to conduct the electric
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From the above discussion it is concluded that for the having low output from the timer 555, the
voltage on the threshold input must exceed the control voltage or + 2/3 VCC. They also turn the
discharge transistor on. To force the output from the timer high, the voltage on the trigger input must
drop below +1/3 VCC. This also turns the discharge transistor off.
A voltage may be applied to the control input to change the levels at which the switching occurs.
When not in use, a 0.01 nano Farad capacitor should be connected between pin 5 and ground to
prevent noise coupled onto this pin from causing false triggering.
Connecting the reset (pin 4) to a logic low will place a high on the output of flip–flop. The discharge
transistor will go on and the power amplifier will output a low. This condition will continue until
reset is taken high. This allows synchronization or resetting of the circuit's operation. When not in
use, reset should be tied to +VCC.
Block diagram of 555IC:
: [pic] [pic]
Applications of temperature control devices:
Temperature measurement and monitoring is an integral part of Industrial processes to ensure
conformance to product quality standards.
The Industrial Temperature Monitoring System fully automates temperature monitoring and

recording. The system provides auditable records for effective temperature management. The unique
alarm handling system provides the alarm duration,

Determining The Coffee Temperature Experiment
Scenario/Problem:
Jane is a busy and forgetful person and whenever she makes a cup (250mL) of coffee she puts it
down and by the time she remembers about the coffee, the beverage is no longer at a temperature
that is considered appealing (hot).
The problem that is being investigated is how to prolong the starting temperature of the beverage
(coffee) for the longest period of time possible?
The coffee is contained within a glass beaker and is surrounded by a jacket of water that has a
different temperature that is contained in another vessel to create an effect on the coffee's
temperature.
Hypothesis:
The hypothesis is that the temperature of the coffee or fluid in the smaller beaker surrounded by
water that is hotter than then that of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Use one retort stand to hold the small beaker and move the stand to put the beaker in the middle of
the container, ensuring that it is not touching any surfaces of the container but still is as close to the
bottom of the container.
8. Operate one retort stand to grab the rubber stop of a thermometer and manoeuvre the stand so the
measuring (red) part of the thermometer is the middle of the small beaker and is not touching any
surfaces (it should be in mid air). Ensure that you are able to read the thermometer accurately. If you
are unable to read it then move the thermometer up slightly and try again. The maximum height that
the thermometer is able to go is slightly lower (1–2cm) than the 250mL marking on the beaker.
9. Use the other thermometer to measure the temperature of the jacket of water. Find a place on the
outer container that would be suitable to place the thermometer. A suitable place is an area of water
with space for the thermometer to go through without touching anything other than water. Use the
retort stand (like in Step 6) to grab the thermometer and put the thermometer head (big red bit) into
the water of the outer container.
10. Obtain the required amount hot water from a urn/kettle with another appropriately sized beaker
and wearing a heatproof glove and pour it into the outer

Temperature And Solubility
At what temperature is more KCl able to dissolve: 40°C or 90°C?
90 C since with the KCl we found that the higher the temperature the more likely the substance is to
have greater solubility.
How is temperature related to the solubility of a salt? Explain your answer.
Solubility increases with temperature because the increase in kinetic energy allows the solvent
molecules to break apart the solute molecules that are held together by intermolecular attractions.
Which salt is more soluble, KCl or NH4Cl? Explain your answer.
NH4Cl since the data shows us that it requires less heat than KCl to fully dissolve.
Why is it important to not allow the test solutions to boil?
Because if it boils then some of the solvent will be lost

Temperature and Answer Essay
| 1. | | Passing an electric current through a certain substance produces oxygen and sulfur. This
substance cannot be a(n) Your Answer: | element. | | | An element cannot be broken down into other
elements. | | 2. | | Pick the chemical change that occurs when a lit match is held under a piece of
metal. Your Answer: | match burns | | | Chemical changes, which release heat and light, occur during
the combustion process. | | 3. | | Which identification is incorrect for the elements listed? Your
Answer: | Zn, zirconium | | | Zn is zinc; Zr is zirconium. | | 4. | | Which of the following statements is
false? Your Answer: | A theory can be proved correct if sufficient experimental data is acquired. | | |
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| | One mg/cm2 equals ______ kg/m2. Your Answer: | 10–2 | | | | | 22. | | What is the volume of a bar
of metal with the dimensions 2.0 m x 20.0 dm x 20.0 cm? Your Answer: | 8.0 x 102 dm3 | | | The
measurements have been converted to dm. | | 23. | | Which of the following objects is the most
dense? Your Answer: | an object with a volume of 2.5 L and a mass of 12.5 kg | | Correct Answer: |
an object with a volume of 3.91 x 10–24 nm3 and a mass of 7.93 x 10–14 ng | | | | The density is
0.50 g/mL. There is another choice that has a denser object. | | 24. | | Which of the following
numbers is incorrectly rounded off to three significant figures? Your Answer: | 1213 rounded to
1.213 x 103 | | | This has four significant figures. | | 25. | | The distance from Earth to the Moon is
approximately 240,000 miles. The Concorde SST has an airspeed of about 2.40 x 10 3 km/hr. If the
Concorde could fly to the Moon, how many hours would it take, ignoring gravity? Your Answer: |
1.6 x 102 hours | | | Using two significant figures, this is 6.7 days. | | 26. | | How many dozens of
particles of dust are in 2.45 grams if each dust particle has a mass of 2.51 x 10–4 grams? Your
Answer: | 813 dozen | | | There are about 9760 dust particles. | | 27. | | Zinc has a density of 446
lb/ft3. What is the density of zinc in g/cm3? Your Answer: | 7.14 g/cm3 | | | 1 lb = 453.6 g and 1 ft =
30.48 cm or 1

Temperature Enzyme Activity
The entirety of this experiment was to conclude if temperature had an effect on enzyme activity. The
experiment tested the perimeters of enzyme activity and to see whether or not the temperature had
an effect on the amount of substrate produced. Enzymes are especially well known for being
catalyst within a reaction (Royal Society of Chemistry). A catalyst is, in this case an enzyme, which
speeds up a reaction by lowering the activation energy required to start the reaction (Royal Society
of Chemistry). Previous research has shown that while the temperature rises reacting molecules
have more kinetic energy. The more kinetic energy each molecule has, the greater the chance of
reaching its point of highest catalytic activity (Royal Society of

Essay On Blowfly Temperature
Investigating the Effects of Temperature on the Rate of Respiration of Blowfly Larvae
This experiment was setup to investigate the effects of temperature on the rate of respiration of
blowfly larvae.
Background Knowledge
The maggots involved in this investigation were blowflies at the larval stage of development, and
they breathe through spiracles in the anterior and posterior segments. The respiratory tracts are not
as developed at this stage, as the organism is not capable of flight, and so it respires less oxygen
than an adult blowfly. They feed on dead organic matter. The respiration of an organism involves an
intricate use of enzymes, and so some knowledge about them is necessary. ... Show more content on
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However, recent studies point towards the induced–fit hypothesis, which means that the substrate
and the enzyme are not identical, yet in the presence of the substrate the active site changes slightly,
in order to make it a more "snug" fit. These theories pertain to a further point – the fact that an
enzyme is specific; the majority just have one possible type of substrate molecule. An increase in
temperature affects the rate of an enzyme–controlled reaction in two ways. First of all, the kinetic
energy of all of the molecules is increased, thus increasing their speed. If they move faster, they
have more chance of an enzyme colliding with a substrate molecule, and so reacting. This is known
as collision theory. The increase of rate can be determined by the Q10 law. This states that for every
10 degrees in temperature in an enzyme–controlled reaction, the rate of that reaction will double,
until 40 degrees is reached. After this point, the enzyme may start to denature. This is when a certain
factor affects the bonds holding the amino acids together, and they start to break, eventually
resulting in the enzyme unravelling. Generally this occurs between 40 and 60 degrees.
Equipment List
* Respirometer (already assembled)
* Blowfly larvae
* Balance
* Soda lime

* cotton wool
* 250ml

Temperature Increase In The Rainforest Ecosystem
1. During a summer day the air temperature goes through the most fluctuations. It is much easier for
the ambient air temperature to increase and decrease rapidly. It takes much longer for the much
denser ground to both heat up and cool down. During the day the sun's radiation heats up the air in
the atmosphere. This happens for many hours and causes large increases in temperature. The air
temperature increases as this occurs, whereas the ground takes much longer. Additionally when the
sun sets the temperature begins to drop. The air temperature drops rapidly, but the ground
temperature does not. This is due to the insulating properties that the ground possesses. Therefore it
can keep a certain temperature for longer and is more resistant to ... Show more content on
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Theses similar patterns do not mirror the patterns observed in the summer data. The primary reason
for this is due to the fact that the reduced amount of sun from a lower aspect and less time in the sky
means that both ecosystems don't have time to be affected. Both soil temperatures sit around the
same average since there is no real exposure to sun and both are insulated. The natural density of
dirt and other contributions to the soil insulate it from temperature changes. The air temperature in
both ecosystems fluctuates with the same patterns and are similar. The approaching winter means
that naturally temperatures will go down and the lack of sun is a large factor which causes a
normalizing effect on the ecosystems, it brings them down to similar

Optimum Temperature Of Amylase
This experiment was needed to determine the optimal temperature at which the enzyme amylase
best functions. Since an increase in temperature speeds up the movement in molecules, the substrate
is supposed to come in contact with the active site of the enzyme more quickly and frequently until
the heat becomes an obstacle by denaturing the structure of these enzymes and thus changing its
function.
There were a total of four different temperatures at which amylase activity was observed (Table 1).
In order to ensure that temperature was the only manipulated variable, four test tubes were prepared
with the same contents. Each tube contained about 2mL of the 1% starch solution, 4mL of deionized
water, 1mL of a 6.8 pH buffer. After 10 minutes of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was predicted that as temperature increases, the chemical reaction would accelerate mainly
because the increased temperature would speed up the motion of molecules. "Microorganisms are
efficient degraders of starch, chitin, and the polysaccharides in plant cell walls" (Warren, 183). For a
variety of biological purposes, plants break down long polysaccharide (starch) molecules into
disaccharide (maltose) molecules and monosaccharide (glucose) molecules. There is no reason to
assume that amylase is the only enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of starch (Paleg, 904). As the
results show, the reaction that consumes starch and produces maltose would eventually go to
completion; however, with the addition of the enzyme amylase, the reaction should significantly
speed up. It was also determined via this experiment that the addition of amylase is not the only
variable that influenced the speed of this reaction; temperature also played a huge role. The
evidence gathered in the experiment supported the hypothesis and matched the prediction: there was
a great increase in amylase activity in higher temperature experiments up until the enzymes begin to
denature. There were two ways to gather data that would prove the change in the reaction rate in
presence of the amylase enzyme: the appearance of maltose or the disappearance of starch. The
second test was used for this specific

The Effect Of Temperature On Catechol Oxidase
Abstract: The Effects of Temperature on Catechol Oxidase. Lania Ellis, 2014, 102 Student Center
Dr. San Marcos, TX 78666.
Temperature can affect the reaction of catechol oxidase by speeding up or slowing down the
reaction. I was able to see what happened to the absorbance after changing the temperature of the
catechol oxidase solution. I did this by heating and cooling the solutions to measure the absorbances
in hot, cold, warm, and room temperature. Then the data was compared to see how the temperature
effected the solution. The catechol oxidase solutions reacted best in room temperature (twenty–three
degrees Celsius) and the worst in the cold (zero degrees Celsius). I concluded that temperature
really does affect the way catechol oxidase reacts. Introduction: Starting out with some background
information, I know that enzymes are biological catalysts. The enzyme that I used for this
experiment was potato juice. Enzymes make reaction rates go faster. They lower activation energy,
making chemical reactions. Temperature has an effect on canola cultivars. The higher temperature
decreased stem diameter, but room temperature had thicker stems. So I believe the same will happen
for the catechol oxidase; the solution will react faster at room temperature. Other enzymes can also
have different effects such as the enzyme in cattle serum. The enzyme lost activity in room
temperature. With that being said room temperature can also be detrimental with specific enzymes.
Fungus also

The Effect Of Temperature On Our Cognition
Introduction
When a person describes someone, as being "warm" one understands it as a person who is friendly
and not as someone who is physically warm. Using temperature as a way to describe a person has
been understood as a metaphor, however studies have revealed that there is a connection between
the association of warmth and feelings of social belonging (Ijzerman et al., 2012).
The belief that our physical world has an influence on our cognition is called the embodiment theory
(Chen, Poon & Dewell, 2014). In this theory it is believed that our surroundings shape of
psychological feelings (Chen et al., 2014). Hence, why we use temperature as a way to expressing
feelings. The following studies have conducted different types of ... Show more content on
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Participants were divided into two different groups and would have two different food–drink types.
They were then led to a computer where they would play a ball–tossing exercise game. The
participants believed that they were playing with two other players online, however the game was
programmed with no real players. One group was only passed the ball twice in 30 throws while the
other group received the ball frequently. Finally, the participants were handed a survey that
measured which foods they desired more and it was found that the socially excluded group desired
warm food (Zhong & Leonardelli, 2008).
The following study read these results and hypothesized that perhaps a person feeling a room to be
colder because their body temperature actually becomes colder. This study followed the exact same
procedure as the ball–tossing game Zhong and Leonardelli (2008) presented, however the
participants temperature would be recorded this time. For this experiment 41 participants were
recruited from VU University. The participants were also divided into two groups where one would
be thrown the ball only twice and the other an evenly distributed amount of times. A device that was
located on their index finger measured all participants' temperature continuously, which along the
way revealed that the participants body temperature went down in the exclusion group (Ijzerman et
al., 2012).
From Ijzerman et al.(2012) observations they hypothesized that if warmth was introduced

The Temperature of Poetry
The Temperature of Poetry
Poetry is one of the stranger parts of the literary world. A poem can be anything, from a three–lined
poem known as a haiku to a giant epic poem like the "The Odyssey." They can be rhyming or non–
rhyming, long or short, sensible or nonsensical. Even lyrics in songs can be considered poetry,
seeing as how they are rhyming and flow so well. The parameters for a poem are wide, the
requirements few; but no matter what kind of poem you read, from Homer to Doctor Seuss to John
Mayer, symbolism is the driving force behind it all. Symbolism is the basis for almost every piece of
poetry written so far, barring some of the works of Doctor Seuss. One recurring piece of symbolism
found throughout the literary world is the use of temperature. The warmth of the sun or a comforting
smile, the cold of night or a dark hospital room, temperature plays a part in many poems and plays
its part well. But the part it plays can vary from writer to writer, poem to poem. The three major
uses of temperatures though are to show the warmth of memory versus the harsh cold of reality, the
warmth of comfort, and how warmth is used to show life and vitality while cold is used to signify
harshness and cruelty.
The first two poems to discuss are "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" by William Wordsworth and
"Disabled" by Wilfred Owen. These two poems are very different in their subject, but their usage of
temperature in the form of memory gives them a common denominator. Both speak of

Graph's Effect On Water Temperature
Graph 1 suggests that, during the 2002–03 El Niño event, the water temperature at 50 and at 100
meters below sea surface remained similar from July 18 to September 29 of 2002; however, the
water temperature at 100 meters below the surface was slightly colder. After that date range, the
water temperature at 100 meters below the surface decreased by ≈5 °C while the temperature at 50
meters below the surface remained constant throughout the entire length of time. The water
temperature at 200 meters below the surface remained colder than at 50 and 100 meters below sea
level and continued to decrease at a gentle slope from July 18 to December 5, by ≈5 °C. A
temperature increase of ≈2 °C was observed from December 5 to January 16.
As indicated by Graph 2, the water temperatures at 50 and 100 meters below sea level differed by
≈4±1 °C from each other, and decreased at similar slopes. The temperature at 100 meters below sea
level remained colder than that at a 50–meter deepth. The water temperature at 200 meters below
sea level remained ≈10±2 °C lower than that of the other two depth temperatures. From August 1 to
August 15, the temperatures at 50, 100, and 200–meter depths remained mostly constant with no
more than ≈1°C variations. A second consistency between the three depths was that all three graphs
have positive slopes, from September 12 to September 26, which became negative from September
26 to October 10. In this time range, the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The water temperature at 200 meters below sea level ranged between 18 and 20 °C throughout the
entire time range. The water temperatures at the three depths had an approximately constant
temperature from October 24 to November

Temperature Essay
Name: ___________Naomi Scharf___________________________ Date:
3/17/11________________________
Student Exploration: Boyle's Law and Charles' Law
Vocabulary: absolute zero, Boyle's law, Charles' law, Kelvin scale, pressure
Prior Knowledge Question (Do this BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
A small helium tank measures about two feet (60 cm) high. Yet it can fill over 50 balloons! How can
such a small tank contain enough helium to fill so many balloons?
_The tank is compressing the helium into a denser state but when it is put in the balloons it expands
and takes up more space.
__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________ ...
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Predict: If the added mass on the lid was 50 kg, a total mass of 60 kg would exert pressure on the
gas inside the container. What would be the volume of the gas? __.42 ______________
7. Test: Test your prediction using the Gizmo. What is the volume of the gas? __.42___________
Was your prediction correct? ____yes_________
8. Create a graph: Select the GRAPH tab. Set the mass slider to 0 kg, and click Record to plot a
point on the graph. Plot a point for each possible mass to create a graph showing the relationship
between pressure and volume.
When your graph is completed, click the camera icon () to take a snapshot. Paste the image into a
blank word–processing document, and label the graph "Volume vs. Pressure."
A. What is the shape of the graph? __a curved, decreased line
_______________________________________
B. How does this graph illustrate Boyle's law? As more pressure is added the volume decreases and

the graph shows this because it is decreasing as well. _________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
9. Apply: Think about a small helium tank that can fill 50 balloons. What must be true about the
helium in the tank compared to the helium in the balloons?
___The helium in the tank must be more dense than the helium in the balloons.
______________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Heat and Temperature
Introduction to Heat and Temperature
Gonzalo Leon
Strayer University
2012/01/27
Introduction to Heat and Temperature
Relation between the Study of Heat and Kinetic Theory
Kinetic theory can be describes as a scientific theory of the movement of an object. Kinetic theory
relates to capacity of a subject to do work on another object due to their motion. Kinetic theory of
matter explains that the same is compose of tiny pieces of, atoms or molecules in continues motion.
The theory states that the actions of matter inside an object and the actions heat generates. Kinetic
theory explains as well the temperature transition by the means of transmission, where thermal
powers shows to be conducted throughout matter, heating up cooler ... Show more content on
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Changes in heat capacity affect people in everyday life, from everyday activities like the amount of
time it takes to cook to the construction of a bridge. Heat capacities are usually measured and
tabulated in a different form of conditions for a multiple number of examples. Knowing the stage or
property of the heat, (solid, liquid or vapor) of the substance during pressure, temperature and
common desire composition is an important tool to remember before figuring up its heat. Heat
capacity could be determined by the capacity of the temperature of an object multiplied by the mass
as well as the chemical composition, temperature, and pressure of a substance (Science.com)
Heat Sources Heat source is anything that produces heat, there are plenty examples of heat sources,
the sun, a volcano, light from planets and moon, friction, nuclear heat, etc. Heat sources are use for
a different variety of reasons. We utilize heat sources to adjust the temperature of our work, living
spaces, as well as to start the engine of a vehicle (Webster online dictionary). Heat sources have
assisted and aided on the development of the world by supporting and allowing us utilize machinery
and other devices for the agricultural process, farming process, construction and areal as well as
others. These heat sources have been an essential element on the development of not only the nation
but the

Chickpeas Temperature Experiment
According to Figure 1, the production of carbon dioxide changed based on the temperature the
chickpeas were placed in. It seemed that the chickpeas placed into the ice bucket at 5°C produced
the most carbon dioxide; however, this is not the case since the figure is only showing measuring
the amount of ppm's recorded by the carbon dioxide sensor. To get an accurate determination if
temperature affected cellular respiration of chickpeas, finding the slopes of the lines was necessary
which was done in Table 1. This is done by using the mathematical formula m=(y2–y1)/(x2–x1)
with the "y" being the y–coordinate and "x" being the x–coordinate. To be consistent the coordinate
points at the 10 second and 240 second mark were used to find the slope ... Show more content on
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The chickpeas in the hottest temperature tested produced the most amount of carbon dioxide
meaning that the cellular respiration rate of the chickpeas was increased. The coldest temperature
tested also produced the least amount of carbon dioxide meaning cellular respiration decreased in
those chickpeas. For the most part the experiment ran more smoothly than expected. A few time
during testing the test chamber was knock over but these accident had a minimal effect on the final
outcome. There were sudden jumps when testing the runs in Figure 1, but the jumps were never
major enough to cause a retrial. These jumps can be attributed to the fact that the carbon dioxide
production was taken every 10 seconds in the 240 second experiment so anything outside
disturbance during that time was reflected in the data. Overall the data completely supports the
hypothesis. The 42°C run produced the highest slope, the 5°C run produced the lowest slope, and
the room temperature (22°) run was in between the two other slopes. The 5°C run did have the most
amount of ppm's recorded, but this means nothing in the long run since the slope was still the lowest
meaning it produced the least amount of carbon dioxide over the 4 minutes. The results obtained
corresponded with other students in the class who also tested the relationship between cellular
respiration and temperature as well as the studies discussed in the introduction

The Effect of Temperature on Membrane
Practical 2.1– The Effect of Temperature on Membranes
Objective
To investigate the effect of temperature on membrane structure
Introduction
Beetroot Pigments
Beetroots contain Betalains which are the red pigments present in the cell vacuole. Betalains are
soluble in water and they contain nitrogen. Betalains extracted from beetroot is commonly used as
food dye because it is not known to cause any allergic reactions.
Beetroot
Picture taken from http://tipdeck/how–to–cook–beet–root
Structure of Betalain
Picture taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Betanin.png
Cell Membrane
Cell membrane is the barrier that separates the inner environment of the cell from the outer
environment. The membrane is selectively permeable. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The results increase steadily between 0°C and 45°C. There is a steep increase between 45°C and
65°C. This is the point when the proteins in the cell membranes are denatured causing gaps to form
in the membrane, thus allowing more red pigment from the beetroot to diffuse into the distilled
water.
An increase in temperature increases the kinetic energy of betalain molecules thus increasing rate of
diffusion of the red pigment from the cytoplasm into the distilled water. The denatured proteins and
an increase in the fluidity of the phospholipid causes the substance contained in the membrane to
leak out.
There is a small increase in the spectrophotometer reading between the temperatures 0C–23C. This
is because the membrane structure becomes more rigid and less red pigments leak out of the
membrane.
Validity and Reliability
The experiment is repeated twice and an average is obtained. This ensures the consistency of the
measurement as the reading is triplicated, thus reducing anomalies. It can be seen that the reading
obtained were around the same value. This proves that the results are reliable.
The results obtained support the hypothesis at the beginning of the experiment. Apart from that, the

experiment is conducted according to the instructions given. This increases the validity of the
experiment.
Source of Error
Although the experiment

The Effect Of Temperature On A Chemical Reaction
Leonardo Cufone
Aim: to determine the effect of temperature on a chemical reaction.
Hypothesis: If the temperature (I.V.) of materials in the reaction are increased, the reaction time
(D.V.) will decrease.
Variables: In this experiment, the temperature (in degrees Celsius) of the chemicals is the
independent variable. To change the temperature, the materials are placed in a bath of water being
heated by a hotplate.
The reaction time (in seconds) is the dependent variable of this experiment. This will be changed by
the temperature of the chemicals, and as it is affected by the independent variable it is considered
the dependent variable.
The volume of chemicals (in mL) is the controlled variable of the experiment. As it will be the same
in each trial and will not be changed, it is considered the controlled variable. Another controlled
variable is the equipment that is used. For each trial the same equipment is always used, and
therefore is also a controlled variable. The type of chemicals themselves are also controlled as for
each trial they are the only chemicals used.
Safety: There are two potential hazards in this experiment.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) has risks as it is a corrosive compound. Corrosive compounds, including
HCl, can cause injuries such as burning and eating away skin and eyes. To prevent such injuries, do
not come into physical contact with HCl. Wear safety glasses, safety gloves and lab clothing.
Sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) is risky as it is a toxic

Temperature, Temperature And Gas Solubility
Temperature
Temperature is a measurement of the average kinetic energy (or speed) of atoms or molecules (Khan
Academy, 2017). The most typical units of temperature include degrees Celsius (oC), its American
equivalent Fahrenheit (F) or Kelvin (K).
At standard temperature, 0oC corresponds to 273 K. However, 0K is commonly referred to as the
'absolute zero degree' where all molecular motion would cease.
Temperature and gas solubility:
Generally, increasing temperature would cause a comparable rise in the solubility of liquid and solid
solutes in liquid solvents.
A specific example includes the crystallisation of a concentrated mannitol solution at low
temperatures and the redissolving of those solid crystals as upon heating. However, ... Show more
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The particles in liquids, on the other hand, although still close within the proximity of one another,
are in random arrangements, having slightly more space to move. As the particles are still held
close, liquids also exhibit high densities. Water, however, is a prominent exception, being different
as it is denser as a liquid than a solid. Upon freezing, the water particles separate slightly, forming
crystal lattices with space between each particle that allow icebergs and ice cubes to stay afloat the
water (BBC, 2017).
Water, nevertheless, is much denser than air as gas particles have considerable space between one
and another. Water molecules, therefore, exert greater pressure on a diver's body as he descend into
the ocean than air particles would on a pilot ascending into the sky. This serves to justify why the
change in pressure is much greater for a given depth in water than for the same rise in air.
Volume
Volume can be defined as the quantity of three–dimensional space occupied by a liquid, solid or gas
and is one of the most commonly used measurements worldwide. Several of the most typical unites
of volume include litres, millilitres, cubic metres, cubic centimetres and gallons (Helmenstine,
2017). For instance, a 10–metre high rectangular tank with a base that is 4 metres in length and 6
metres in width would be able to hold 10 metres x 4 metres x 6 metres = 240 cubic

The Integrated Circuit Using LM35 Temperature Sensor...
Introduction:
The control and monitor of accurate and reliable measurement of temperature is necessary in
various fields such as industrial , environmental, agriculture , food, biotechnology and clinical
sectors etc. furthermore, research labs, clean rooms, and nuclear reactors are the environments
which require continuous temperature monitoring a due to their highly dependence on temperature
levels. The role of sensors and the errors which may affect the measurement of temperature are
critical for temperature measuring devices. The sensor choice may play a large role in on the cost
effectiveness of the system. Every temperature measurement application is according to their
different requirements and the effect of noise on the resolution ... Show more content on
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They can be used to detect liquid, gases or solids over a wide range of temperatures.
Non –contact temperature sensor:
Convection and radiation is used in these types of temperature sensors to monitor change in
temperature. They can be used to detect gases and liquids that emit radiant energy as heat rises and
cold settles to the bottom in convection currents or detect radiant energy being transmitted from an
object in the form of infrared radiation.
Two basic types of contact or non–contact temperature sensors can be divided into following groups
of sensors i.e. electromechanical, resistive and electronic.
Thermostat:
It is contact type electro–mechanical temperature sensor or switch which basically consists of two
different metals such as nickel copper ,tungsten or aluminium etc., that are bonded together through
riveting, brazing or welding to form a Bi–metallic strip. The different linear expansion rates of two
different metals produce a mechanical bending moment when strip is subjected to heat. It shows
bending moment in opposite direction when subjected to cold environment. The metal with large
coefficient of expansion is at the outer side of the curve formed during heating and vice versa.
The bi–metallic strip can be used as an electrical switch or a

Can Temperature Ever Be Lower Than Dewpoint Temperature?...
1. Can temperature ever be lower than dewpoint temperature? why or why not?
Air Temperature is a measurement of the average kinetic energy of the particles in the air, or how
hot or cold the air is. Dewpoint is the temperature at which water vapor begins to condense out of
the air and form dew, and a measure of how much moisture is in the air. If the temperature reaches
the dewpoint then dew will begin to form. If the temperature is at the dewpoint and the temperature
falls, the dewpoint must fall as well.
2. What are clouds made of?
A cloud is a collection of water droplets that have condensed on dust particles suspended in the air.
3. Why do you think the idea of supersaturation led meteorologists to try "cloud seeding"? (You may
need to research was cloud seeding is, if you don't already know) ... Show more content on
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It can be artificially attained by increasing the kinetic energy of some solutions to allow more solute
to dissolve into the solvent; then if a disturbance is created (either by a seed crystal, or an impurity
in the solution) the excess solute will fall out of solution. A similar effect can be seen by carefully
cooling distilled water, such as in a water bottle, down past the freezing point, carefully removing it
from the freezer, and then tapping the container to cause the whole thing to freeze at once.
Cloud seeding was an attempt to control the amount precipitation that would form (or fall out of
solution) in the atmosphere by releasing condensation nuclei in hopes of forcing more water
molecules to condense on them in large enough numbers to create

Temperature Of Water Investigation
The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effect of the temperature of the water on the
reaction of the tablet. There was a difference between the tablet in the cold water and the tablet in
warm water. The tablet in cold water took 32.17 seconds to completely dissolve, and it took the
tablet in warm water 26.67 seconds to completely dissolve. The hypothesis is that if one puts a
tablet in cold water and one in warm water, then the water in cold water will take a longer time to
dissolve and the tablet in the warm water will dissolve faster was supported. I got this result because
the added energy in the hot water causes water molecules to move faster which make the tablet
dissolve faster, and the tablet in colder water took a longer time because the cold water is
condensed. This experiment relied on the temperature of the water how cold and how hot the water
is. Perhaps this experiment could be improved by seeing the temperature of the water and how ...
There was a significant difference between the crushed tablet and the whole tablet. The crushed
tablet tokk 20.5 second to completely reacted and the whole talet took 27.23 seconds to completely
reacted. The hypothesis is that if one takes a tablet and splits it in a half and takes one side and
crushes it up into many tiny pieces, and leaves the other hole and put them both in water then the
crushed tablet will take a shorter time to reaction and the whole tablet will take awhile to reaction
because the crushed one has more surface area which will make it reaction faster. This hypothesis
was supported. This experiment relied on the tablet of how much do we put in the water. Perhaps
this experiment could be improved by complete cutting the tablet in a half maybe measuring the
table sides and seeing if their even. Additional investigation we can do next time is to see if the
water impacts the rate of the

Florida Temperature Climate
Bradenton, Florida temperatures climates are similar to those of the tropics. Looking at the
climatological chart above we can see that the second day of each month of August, September,
October, March, May and July temperatures can range from eighty one degrees to a record high of
ninety six degrees, with low temperatures falling to sixty two degrees in May. In the slightly cooler
months of December, January, February, April and June temperatures did not exceed seventy nine
degrees, nor fall below fifty three degrees, therefore, making it feel more like spring. The coolest
temperature occurs in the month of November with only a record high of sixty seven degrees, while
a low temperature of forty six degrees resembles a more fall like temperature.

Unit 4 Heat And Temperature
Unit 4: Heat and Temperature
Topic A: Illustrate and explain how human needs have led to technologies for obtaining and
controlling thermal energy and to increased use of energy resources.
Investigate and interpret examples of heat–related technologies and energy used in the past (e.g.
domestic and industrial purposes)
Steam engines were the first engine type to see use in industrial purposes. A fire heats water which
turns to steam and the steam then has the ability to move things. They were first invented by
Thomas Newcomen in 1705, and James Watt (a Scottish inventor) made big improvements to steam
engines in 1769. Steam engines powered all early cars, steamboats and factories.
Trace linkages between human needs and development of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Describe the effect of heat on the motion of particles, and explain changes of state using the particle
model of matter.
There are four basic components for thermal energy (heat): 1. All matter is made up of tiny particles
called atoms. These can only be seen with special microscopes. 2. The atoms are always moving –
they all have kinetic energy. 3. The particles have space between them. Different states of matter
have different amounts of space. 4. Adding heat (energy) to matter makes the particles move more
quickly. Since faster moving things have more kinetic energy, adding heat increases the energy of
the particle. 5. Cooling it down decreases the amount of kinetic energy and slows the movement
down.
Distinguish between heat and temperature, and explain temperature using the concept of kinetic
energy and the particle model of matter.
Temperature: the average kinetic energy of individual atoms and molecules
Heat Energy: The collection of random molecules in action.
Compare heat transmission in different materials (e.g., conduction of heat in different solids,
absorption of radiant heat by different

Effect Of Temperature On Hypothermia
1.) The mid–latitude summer, mid–latitude winter, and high latitude data sets show evidence of
some mixing. This was determined by observing how some deeper depths have a warmer
temperature than depths that are not as deep. For example, on the high latitude temperature graph,
the temperature is 0°C at a depth of 250 m. However, at deeper depths the temperature is warmer;
one can assume that mixing took place.
2.) The mid–latitude winter water temperature and high latitude water temperature are both very
low. The water temperatures in these two latitudes range from 0°C–10.2°C, which could potentially
cause hypothermia. To prevent hypothermia, a dry suit would need to be worn. Dry suits are more
suited for colder water since the wearer does not

Grow Temperature Research Paper
Discussion
This study depicted that common wombat burrows provide a constant temperature 1–2m from the
entrance within four different habitats – open field, forested, short ground cover and sandy bank –
during both summer and autumn. However, noticeable differences in the temperatures between the
seasons were observed. Although, this was expected as the insulating properties of the soil stop
daily, but not seasonal, fluctuations in temperature from a depth of approximately 0.30cm
(Reichman & Smith 1990), with the main factors that did influence burrow temperatures being time
of day, elevation during summer and aspect during autumn. There are few studies in the literature
that display the influences of elevation and aspect on burrow temperatures so these may present
novel findings that might impact burrow location or use. The general outcome that burrow
temperatures remain constant while temperatures outside the burrow fluctuate, however, is
supported in many studies of different species. Shimmin et al ... Show more content on
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These stable temperatures within the burrow coincide with many previous studies conducted on
other burrowing animals, with all studies agreeing that the temperatures are constant daily but have
a gradual seasonal change. This presents strong evidence that burrows maintain a consistent
microhabitat that is effective in providing shelter from weather extremes, thereby allowing burrows
to be regarded as an appropriate mechanism of thermal tolerance. The influence temperature has on
wombat behaviour cannot be fully addressed due to the declining wombat population at the study
site, however, it may be attributed to the small ambient temperature ranges that were experienced
not having a significant impact on wombat presence in this

Temperature Change Lab Report
| Chemistry Lab Report | Constructing Heating/Cooling Curve | | Salman Ishaq 12–E | 1/27/2013 |
|
BACKGROUND
As energy flows from a liquid, its temperature drops. The entropy, or random ordering of its
particles, also decreases until a specific ordering of the particles results in a phase change to a solid.
If energy is being released or absorbed by a substance remaining at the same temperature, this is
evidence that a dramatic change in entropy, such as a phase change, is occurring. Because all of the
particles of a pure substance are identical, they all freeze at the same temperature, and the
temperature will not change until the phase change is complete. If a substance is impure, the
impurities will not lose energy in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
8. Set up the container for the hot–water bath. Attach two ring clamps, one above the other, to the
second ring stand beneath the test tube assembly. Place a wire gauze with ceramic center on the
lower ring. Set a third 600 mL beaker, which should be empty, on the gauze and raise the beaker
toward the test–tube assembly until it surrounds nearly one–half of the tube's length. The beaker will
pass through the ring clamp without gauze, and the test tube should not touch the bottom or sides of
the beaker. The top clamp keeps the beaker from tipping when the beaker is filled with the hot
water.
PART 2–MELTING A SOLID: QUICK TEST
9. Check the temperature of the water for the hot–water bath. When it is 85°C, turn off the burner or
hot plate. If the temperature is already greater than 85°C, shut off the burner or hot plate, and add a
few pieces of ice to bring the temperature down to 85°C. Then, using beaker tongs remove the
beaker of hot water from the burner. Using tongs or hot mitts carefully pour the water into the empty
beaker until the water level is well above the level of the solid inside the test tube. Set the empty
beaker on the counter. You will use it again in step 20.
10. Begin timing. The second the water is poured, one member of the lab group should begin
timing, while the other reads the initial temperatures of the bath with one thermometer and sample
with the other thermometer.

The Effect Of Temperature On The Air Temperature
Results
Subterranean Temperature Neither the sheltered microclimates occupied by the terrestrial isopods or
the ambient environment reached a lethal temperature in the Clark Fork riparian zone during the
October to November 2015 study period, however, subterranean lows varied significantly from
ambient temperatures. During the period of stable daily weather fluctuations of mid to late October
subterranean daily mean temperatures varied insignificantly from ambient temperatures (p = 0.75).
Further deviation in the mean occurred with an increase in the intensity of temperature swings late
in the observation period. Subterranean lows varied significantly by approximately 3°C from
ambient lows during the mid to late October uniform temperature period (p = 0.02). The sheltered
temperature remained on average 2.5°C warmer than the ambient air temperature later in the season.
Ambient lows exceeded the subterranean low on two abnormally warm days in late October (Figure
2). Overall, the subterranean microclimate remained significantly warmer than the ambient
temperature (p = 0.0001). The sheltered temperatures were largely warmer between 11/4 and 11/10
showing an increase in the rate of temperature decrease relative to the ambient temperatures.
However, the rate of temperature decline across the sample period did not vary significantly
between the two climates (p = 0.37).
Subterranean Temperature Variability Temperature variation

Fermentation : The Effect Of Temperature Essay
Fermentation: The Effect of Temperature
Introduction
Fermentation is a metabolic pathway that allows a cell to perform cellular tasks by shifting the
energy in the glucose bonds to the bonds in ATP in the presence of less oxygen. Fermentation occurs
to allow the process of Glycolysis to continue to produce ATP for the cell. In the process of
fermentation, NADH is oxidized. Pyruvate directly gains the electrons from NADH, instead of the
electrons going to the electron transport chain. To better understand fermentation, one could
compare cellular respiration with fermentation. Cellular respiration is a longer process that includes
Glycolysis, pyruvate processing, the citric acid cycle, and the Electron transport chain. However, if
oxygen levels needed are not present, Glycolysis produces pyruvate which yields diverse products
in fermentation. Variables can effect fermentation, such as temperature. Temperature can cause
kinetic energy in reactions. If the temperature was high, reactions in fermentation can speed up
because molecules have excited electrons. However if the temperature is at an extreme, molecules
such as proteins can denature. Brownian movement can be exemplified in a solution subjected to
kinetic energy because movement of molecules are irregular, disorganized, and agitated. The
process of fermentation is significant due to its importance and impact on living organisms.
Observing the reactants and products of fermentation can lead to a better understanding

Temperature Break Lab
TJ
November 7, 2017
Period 3
Heat Fracture on Rocks
Background
Heat fracture is when an increase in volume is observed, due to an increase in temperature. Simply
meaning that while a material is being heated, the rise in temperature causes it to take up more
space. Heat fracture doesn't only deal with high temperatures, it also deals with the effects of
cooling on a material. If cooling occurs then the opposite of expansion occurs as well, the material
will begin to shrink or decrease in size. Continuous heating and cooling will eventually lead to
stress and that makes the material break or fracture. When the material going through this type of
weathering is considered being fractured, it means it's dealing with cracking or breaking of the ...
It was believed that if the amount of time that the rock went through heating and cooling increased,
then the weight of the rock would decrease because while the rock goes through more heating and
cooling eventually it will fracture causing the weight to decrease. This is called heat fracture. The
data gathered did prove the hypothesis to be correct. For the longer trials with more minutes, the
rock's weight did decrease more rather than the shorter amount of trials. For example, the one
minute trial barely had a 0.6g difference proving our hypothesis correct, while the 15 minute trial
had a significant change in the rock's weight due to the longer time experiment. The graph seemed
to gradually increase according to the longer trials. The only outlier was the last trial because it had
such a small change compared to the other trials, although all trials did support the original

The Celsius Scale Of Temperature
Anders Celsius was born in 1701 in Uppsala, Sweden. He created the Celsius scale of temperature
in 1742. When he created the Celsius scale, 0 degrees was the boiling point of water and 100
degrees the freezing point. The Celsius system stayed this way until Jean Pierre Cristin, a french
man, flipped the Celsius system to how it is today. That is with 100 degrees being boiling point and
0 degrees being the freezing point. Anders Celsius died in 1744. He was 42 years old. Celsius had
made a great step in scientific work with the Celsius scale. When the Celsius scale was first
invented, fixed temperature points were unheard of, meaning that no one understood that one
temperature was the boiling or freezing point of every cup of water. ... Show more content on
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The transportation industry wants to know how to melt ice on the road faster. The food industry
wants to keep things frozen longer during transportation. The freezing and melting point of a liquid
or solid, depending, may seem like it would be the same science, but it is not. Small differences can
be observed. One point is that you can not heat an object above melting point without it melting. It
is, however, possible to cool some liquids to a temperature below their freezing point without them
turning solid. This process is called supercooling. Supercooling a liquid is possible because particles
in a solid become packed in a normal structure that is a characteristic of a certain substance. Some
solids form easily. Other solid substances do not form easily. Because it is hard to heat metals to a
temperature above melting point,and easy to cool them to a point below freezing, melting point
becomes a distinguishing factor of the metals.
The boiling point of a liquid is when a liquid is heated to such a temperature that the vapor pressure
is enough so that bubbles form inside the liquid. At the boiling point liquid begins to turn to gas. A
liquid will boil until all of the liquid has evaporated. The normal boiling point of water, as stated
earlier, is 100°C. But, as altitude increases, the boiling point is lowered.
Adding salt to a frozen matter is to upset the balance between freezing and melting. The salt causes
fewer molecules to

Melting Temperature Lab Report
The purpose of this experiment is to observe what happens when heat is taken away from pdB and
added to it, and to determine the melting/freezing points of the pdB. Our group did this by heating
up the pdB in a bunsen burner until it completely phase changed into liquid. Then, we placed the
test tube containing liquid pdB in cool tap water recording the temperatures of both the water and
the pdB every 30 seconds until they were within 3°C of each other. After, we placed a test tube
containing frozen solid pdB in hot tap water recording the temperatures of the pdB and the water
every 30 seconds until they were within 3°C of each other. To finish the experiment, we graphed our
data in one graph. The graph showed, and also what we observed in the lab, that when the water and
the pdB were close to being within 3°C of each other, there were signs ... Show more content on
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This means that the solid pdB and the liquid pdB phase changed at 330 to 420 seconds because
during a phase change, the temperature of the substance always remains constant, thus why melting
point and freezing point is the same temperature. Although temperature remains constant in a phase
change, it does not necessarily indicate one; the water day #1 curve had the temperature (x)
remained constant the whole experiment, but there was no phase change when we observed it in the
lab. The graph makes us able to estimate the time when the pdB and the water reach temperature
equilibrium, which is when two different temperature substances touch each other and the hotter one
(heat source) releases its heat into the cooler one (heat sink) until the temperatures become the same
(the total heat released from from heat source should equal the total heat gained by the heat sink).
When the temperature of the two day #1 curves or the two day #2 curves intersect is when they have
reached temperature equilibrium; their temperatures will be the

Is There Air Temperature On The Moon
1. Describe and give examples of the various ways that heat can be transported in the atmosphere.
There are a variety of ways that heat can be transported in the atmosphere. The first method is
conduction. According to Ahrens (2015) conduction is referred to when heat shift from one
molecule to another (p. 33). A reoccurred example of conduction we see every day is when we cook.
You put a pan on the stove and turn on the stove top. The heat from the burner transfers to the cold
pan to heat the pan. The next method is convection. Ahrens (2015) stated, "the transfer of heat by
the mass movement of a fluid (such as water and air) is called convection" (p. 33). An example of
convection is the operation of a convection oven. The heat of oven rises ... Show more content on
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According to Ahrens (2015), the earth's atmosphere contains nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2), with
small amounts of water vapor (H2O) and carbon dioxide (C¬2) (p. 4). Scientists believe the process
for formation of today's earth's atmosphere started billions of years ago. Ahrens (2015) stated the
earth's first atmosphere was comprised of hydrogen and helium as well as methane and ammonia
but is believed to have escaped into space due to the heat of the earth (p. 5). The assumption here is
that a second atmosphere was created due to the excessive heat from volcanoes and steam vents
comprised of mainly water vapor and carbon dioxide with trace amounts of nitrogen (Ahrens, 2015,
p. 5). As the earth started to form its rivers, lakes, and oceans the water began to absorb mass
amounts of the carbon dioxide converting the atmosphere into a nitrogen and oxygen rich
atmosphere (Ahrens, 2015, p. 5).
4. Many people will blow on a bowl of hot soup to try to cool it. In your view, what are the two
most important heat transport processes cooling the soup? In my view, the two most important heat
transport processes cooling the soup are conduction and convection. For conduction, heat will
always rise to seek colder a cold region. This is why you see steam or vapor coming off of a bowl of
soup. For convection, we are applying the same elements of conduction, however we are adding
current or wind to displace the heat which will rise

Thermoregulation And Temperature Essay
Introduction:
The surface temperature of a larger individual will increase more during exercise than that of a
smaller individual. The purpose of this experiment is to demonstrate the idea that body size may
possibly have a direct correlation with the change of temperature within the body. It'll give insight to
the question: Does body size really have an effect of the change of temperature? In order to test this
theroy there needs to be a clear understanding of the components in the body that contribute to
temperature. Those components are thermoregulation and thermoreceptors. Thermoregulation is the
process that allows all humans to maintain their core internal temperature, this is designed to keep
the body regulated as well as allowing the

The Effect Of Temperature On The Enzyme Peroxidase
The Effect of Temperature on the Enzyme Peroxidase The objective of this experiment is to explore
the effect of temperature on the enzyme peroxidase. To comprehend the effect that temperature can
have on enzymes, specifically peroxidase, one must understand what enzymes are and what their
function is. Enzymes are proteins that are found in cells that function as catalyst (Ms. Chang's
Enzyme Notes). What is meant by this is that enzymes increase the speed of chemical reactions
without changing the chemical equilibrium between reactants and products or becoming consumed
or permanently modified by the reaction through lowering the activation energy barrier (Enzymes).
Enzymes are necessary in order to sustain life because without them, the chemical reactions that
take place in our cells would occur far too slowly (Ms. Chang's Enzyme Notes). In order to generate
chemical reactions, enzymes must bind to a substrate. A substrate is a specific reactant that an
enzyme acts upon in order to generate product. A substrate binds to the active site on the enzyme,
which is a groove or cavity on the surface of the enzyme in which the substrate flawlessly fits.
Active sites are typically composed of amino acids from various portions of the polypeptide chains
that are drawn together in the tertiary structure of the folded protein (Enzymes). Each type of
enzyme can only bind with specific substrates, because it is critical that the substrate and the active
site of the enzyme align

Arctic Temperature
Temperatures in the Artic
Over the last several years, researchers in the Arctic have begun closely monitoring the temperature
and the alarming effect it seems to be having on the climate. According to researchers, the Arctic is
having abnormally high air temperatures and sea surface temperatures, which are causing the
melting of the ice leading to record breaking lows of ice. To the north, the Arctic is almost 100% ice
and snow. The southern parts of the Arctic are where you can find more vegetation along with dense
forests. The Arctic Research Program for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
director, Jeremy Mathis, "stated that the increase in temperature has caused a significant drop in the
amount of ice that is on the surface ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most of them can agree on the idea that the finger can be pointed towards humans themselves.
Emissions from cars and factories along with landfills, greenhouse gases and companies continuing
to find a cheaper, non–environmentally friendly way to make their products, can be to blame for the
overall change in climate all over the world in the last century. The Arctic just happens to be one of
the most important places that climate change can happen, given that the melting of ice will cause a
rise in sea levels that will affect the entire

Indirect Clorimetry And Temperature
1. A calorimeter is an instrument that we can use for direct and indirect calorimetry, which can give
us volume measurements of CO2 and O2 that our lungs exhale and inhale during a certain time
frame. Direct calorimetry can be defined as a method where the body gauges the quantity of energy
it has produced and its body rate through direct measurement of the heat that is produced in the
body. Indirect calorimetry can be defined as a method of measuring the body's respiratory gases that
will give us an estimate of the body energy expenditure.
2. The respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) is typically the ratio between oxygen and carbon dioxide
telling us the amount of carbon dioxide that is being produced in the body's metabolism and how
much oxygen ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Oxygen consumption is expressed in these units due to the requirements of needed energy for
individuals and athletes vary by their size. By being able to use these units it gives us much more
accurate results in comparison towards different various body sizes.
11. Some causes that can lead the body to experience fatigue in 15 to 30 seconds can be an
accumulation of hydrogen ions which can restrict actin and myosin binding and glycolysis . Some
causes for 2 to 4 hour can be a deficiency in muscle and liver glycogen and a decreased rate of ATP
creation in the muscle due to blood glucose.
PCr depletion, ATP decreasing, muscle glycogen depletion, possibly lactic acid accummulation ––>
increased muscle acidosis (increased H+), Failure of muscle fiber's contractile mechanism 2)
glycogen depletion, increased muscle temperature, loss of water (dehydration) and electrolytes (high
body T)
12. One mechanism where lactate can be utilized as an energy source is it can be taken in by
mitochondria and then be directly oxidized. A second mechanism can be in it being transported in a
lactate shuttle towards other cells so it can be oxidized. Finally the third mechanism can be the
lactate being transported through the blood towards the liver so it can then be reconverted from
lactate to pyruvic

Aquatab Temperature Experiment

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