Architecture Set In Motion Essay

Architecture Set In Motion Essay
1. Bouffrand: Salon de la Princess, hotel de Soubise, Paris, France, begun 1730's
Salon de la Princess, is a many sided cylindrical interior room and is part of the Rococo style that
incorporates minimal architectural features and light airy decor, that develops into a profession of
interior design. Rococo is the revolt against complicated Baroque that decorated the interior of
Versailles, in revolt against the palace and after the death of Louis XIV, French women who had city
houses in Paris inspired a new lightened airy style of decor and architecture. As seen in the Salon de
la Princess, the structure of the room has virtually been covered up by white walls of wood and
mirrors, and it only contains hints ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, with the inspiration of the French landscape painter Claude, the landscape at this
Palladian estate is completely manmade, with hills, lakes, trees, meant to look as nature had created
it, and as in Claude's' landscapes it can be divided up into three layers, incorporating a dark
foreground, light middle ground and light hazy background. Stooped in classical Roman tradition
the garden is a place to break the rules, and Stourhead has architectural samples from all over the
world incorporated into the landscape as temples, grottoes, and classical statues together with a
Chinese bridge, and Turkish tent, which set a president from 1750 on where naughty architectural
elements present themselves in architectural structures. This eclectic style is the bases of 19th and
20th century American suburbs, including new ones being built around the outskirts of Richmond,
Virginia today, while also emerging in 20th century architects as Wright, who in the Robbie
House(1900s) combined inspirations from many different cultures past and present.
3. Pritchard and Darby: Iron Bridge, Coalbrookdale, England, 1770s
Iron
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Earthquake Resistance Building
Earthquake Resistant Building Construction – 1
A short Research Paper on Affordable Solution for Earthquake Resistant Building Construction in
Haiti by
Dawang Sherpa
Submitted to
Southern Alberta Institute of Technology–SAIT
Calgary, Alberta
February 24, 2010
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Some Concepts on Earthquake Resistant Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3
3.1 Adobe Buildings with Earthquake Resistant Components
3.2 Rice Straw/Wheat Straw Buildings
3.3 Bamboo & Wooden Houses
3.4 Masonry Buildings with Earthquake–Resistant Components
3.5 Other Practices
4. Recommendations
5. Conclusion
References
Earthquake Casualties
Reasons for Buildings' Failure during Earthquake
Earthquake–Resistant Building Technologies
3. Low ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Secondary effects like fire; blockage on services such as water supply, electricity and transportation;
and communication disruption are sometimes even more disastrous. Manmade infrastructures are
however the major contributor of casualties during earthquake devastations. These structures
therefore should be carefully designed and constructed.
For examples, the improper placement of partition wall, chimney, staircase, and how water supply,
electrical systems are arranged, are responsible for killing people and in facilitating structural
damage to property.
2.2 Reason for Buildings' Failure during Earthquake
Vertical and horizontal shaking from earthquakes and inertia of buildings that causes frequent
changes in building's weight, and the use of poor quality materials and massive structures are some
of the reasons for building failures. Greater the mass of building, more lateral force is exerted on

buildings, and this alone is the major component behind building damages. When there are no
strong joint–components like walls, beam, column, roofs, slabs, in buildings, the buildings move
independently on their own direction, and velocity of their movements are dictated by the buildings'
weight and orientation, and all these result in separation of a building. The separation of building
components and failure to support designed force is actually a building failure.
2.3

The British Architects Of The 20th Century
INTRODUCTION
Born on September 8, 1914, Sir Denys Louis Lasdun is considered among the most distinguished
British architects of the 20th century. He is credited with having contributed to London's urban
landscape. Among the works for which he is best known are the Royal National Theatre at London's
South Banks of the Thames, the European Investment Bank in Luxembourg, the Royal College of
Physicians in Regent 's Park and the University of East Anglia. The others of Lasdun's buildings
were a building at 32 Newton Road, Paddington, Hallfield Primary School, Usk Street Housing,
Keeling House and the Sports Centre at the University of Liverpool. Considering how eminent these
landmark buildings are in London's landscape, it is apparent that Lasdun was a much–sough
architect, especially by the British government as well as the local authorities. Lasdun's architecture
falls under the Brutalist architecture of the United Kingdom under which many prominent 20th
century British and European architects worked. Among the architects that worked under Brutalism
and had great influence on Lasdun's architecture were Le Corbusier, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and
Nicholas Hawksmoor. Lasdun's fame as a world class architect could be largely attributed to the fact
that his architecture spanned the whole era of modernism in British art.
It is often asserted that Lasdun's architecture was derived from and driven by his boredom with the
sameness or identicalness of English architecture and the

My Dream House Architectural Model
Dream House Architectural Model
Foam Custom Built Model
Criteria A : Investigating
Generally, I revere everything in life, it illustrates a clear explanation of whom I want to become in
the future. The grade 10 students were introduced to the MYP personal project and with this in
mind, I had many vital ideas executed, but confused to choose a product that contributes to my
interests. I love learning and discovering new things. After many cups of coffee, I obtained an idea
or goal to create a three–dimensional foam architectural model of my dream house. My family built
our own house in India last year and for viewing the stages of building a house became one of my
interest. I always wondered how the workers/builders managed to get the house in perfect shape as
the engineer contemplated. For instance, how can a bunch of line sketches or drawings on a piece of
paper transform into a three–dimensional figure on land; when both the engineer and construction
worker dont have any relationship in common. I have many questions that are still unanswered.
Based on this personal, I will build a model of my dream house as a (final) product. This personal
project is important because it will enhance my organizational skills, creativity and time
management. Throughout this project, I will create blueprints for both main/first floors and
interior/exterior elevation. I want to succeed in this project

Design Concept : Requirements And Needs
DESIGN CONCEPT
Requirements & needs
Designing a building that evokes attraction and curiosity among public, the aim is to create interest
in the stem cell research while introducing the technology to South Africa.
The location of the building should be on an active node where people will be able to observe the
building.
The facility will be inviting to the public with exhibition space, public square, auditorium for
medical conferences and house a cafe' for the visitors and serve as a brake hub for scientist to cross
exchange ideas. Opening the building for public use allows for transparency in the facility but yet it
should be kept in mind to still maintain a controlled sterile environment.
Urbanism
The use of brownfield sites opens up new land within urban environments, but what if we can find
an alternative to these sites for smaller developments. Bridges and roadways are much needed for
movement within a city, but waste vast amounts of habitable land and space. Is it possible to claim
back sum of the land that this network of movement in our cities consume.
Figure 1: The site
Selecting the site to occupy the land underneath a road way using the leftover space that we cannot
see or even know exist like Medical researchers have to uncover stem cells found in bone marrow
and manipulate them. The site can duplicate this process by ground works uncover the site and
disrupting the existing structure of the bridge. This allows the designer to

Energy Of Architecture, Final Exam, Section 2
Energy in Architecture, Final Exam, Section 2, Responsive Essay.
Energy is understood as the driving forces to generate, maintain and evolve architecture. Such
driving forces exist in different scopes and scales. It is in the scope of technology under the law of
physics, being the integration of power input through the time in the form such as energy provided
by building service machinery for the environmental comfort. It is also in the scope of economy,
being the accumulated capital, a sort of excessive energy in society which could be used for the
development of the system, our physical world, in the form of architecture. It is in the scale of a
local and temporary problem, such as the question of built or burn. It can also be found in a global
scale, as a thermodynamic balance formed through the rising and dropping of entropy in the live
generating and live continuing sequences. As an architect, it is important to be mindful of all the
possible issue of energy in the design process, and try to integrate the energy concerns in the all the
aspect of design, construction, maintaining and evolving.
The topic of the emergence of architecture could be the first concern of energy in the design process
of an architect. In a small scale and narrow definition of energy, when designing one building at one
location in a short period time, the major concerns of energy in the emergence of architecture would
be in the construction process and system, which consume great amount of

Essay on Does an Architect’s Ego Get in the Way of...
Does an architect's ego get in the way of sensible design?
Does it? Does an architect have an ego? Well what is ego for that matter?
"Ego: A person's sense of self–esteem or self–importance" (oxford Dictionary) this is a very tame
definition, most people will agree when saying that the definition of ego is in fact the arrogant part
of you that in some ways makes you think you are superior or the less cynical of us would like to
say an ego is the autopilot of the mind, it's the thing that one does out of conditioned reflex as a
response to any situation, it is biased to childhood and professional experience, an ego can be
flexible and adapt to its surroundings., or in many cases I doesn't, which gives way to the definition
of it being the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He describes the movements that spread due to the members of Bauhaus fleeing from Nazi
Germany, how it affected America and the future architects approach to design.
Firstly what he puts across is the minds sets of the architects or as they were called in the time
"White Gods" this alone I believe could have done some significant damage. This notion was made
clear when reading about the worker housing exhibition project (Weissenhof Werbund Project)
undertaken by Mies Van De Rohe, Le Corbusier, Stam brothers and Victor Bourgeois along with 11
other German big names. The brief was simply to design worker housing, but these architects all
had an agenda, to obliterate bourgeois buildings for good, to simply out it. They designed in white,
grey and in straight lines, as the book describes, "How did worker housing look? It looked non–
bourgeois within an inch of its life..." (From Bauhaus To Our House, Tome Wolfe, Page 31) clean–
cut rooms built to their approval was then handed over to the workers, they had loud opinions about
it! Simply described as a minimalist cube with grey and white for a burst of colour. The workers
desperately tried to make the rooms more comfortable and more "homey". The need for user
consultation was completely disregarded, the workers were thought as underdeveloped and that the
architects had the responsibility of re–educate

Return To Brutalism
The return to Brutalism may just be mute and passing fad, as we stumble through history searching
for examples which might offer quick and immediate solutions to our contemporary situation. The
political and economical situations in advanced western countries discussed by Koolhaas & Self has
reached a point of crisis. Calling into question the cultural production and institutions which
architecture works within and constructs. By understanding the situation through the Hegelian
dialectic, literature and architectural examples which look back to Brutalism highlight that architects
and academics are searching for a language which can develop an antithetical position to our current
neoliberal discourse and architectural production. The antithesis which contemporary brutalist's are
promoting can ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Koolhaas's statement about the shift in values from Liberty, Equality and Fraternity to Comfort,
Security and Sustainability exemplify the attitudes in the discourse about Brutalism past and
present. During the Brutalist period of the 1950–1970s an emphasis was placed on the exploration
of materials, favouring reinforced concrete to express a world which was fundamentally altered by
the devastations of war and which looked positively towards equality and forms of solidarity
through social welfare. Current discourse surrounding Brutalism focuses on texture, equality, public
institutions, and presence. These characteristics and values, once contextualised in a neoliberal
environment exhibit antithetical positions which expose the deficiencies within the socio political
condition and the means of architectural production. The antithetical positions when materialised in
the discourse and architectural examples evidence a synthesis which moves towards new responses
addressing the contemporary concerns with the neoliberal

Society Wasn’t Built In a Day: Societal Structure in The...
"In metropolises it was 'not the thing' to arrive early at the opera; and what was or was not 'the thing'
played a part as important in Newland Archer's New York as the inscrutable totem errors that had
ruled the destinies of his forefathers thousands of years ago"–Edith Wharton The Age of Innocence
Societies, like houses and businesses are built a certain way. They each have a certain way of
functioning and placing some people above others. Throughout history, there are plenty examples of
this concept, the best of which lies within the feudal system of Medieval Europe. Feudalism started
with the Lords, who owned the land on which their Vassals worked and lived. The vassals did not
run the place, and were seen as part of the base of the societal structure that supported the Lords by
working their land for them. The same idea is depicted in the society Edith Wharton writes of in The
Age of Innocence. In The Age of Innocence, the highest rung on the ladder that is high New York
society is made up of those who are very wealthy and have people who work for them, or have
people looking up to them for advice and/or help. Those below the top of the ladder, while still
having some people who look up to them, also have people above them who they need to go to for
help and other services, and so on and so forth as you go down the ladder. Now, the higher someone
is on that ladder, the more "pure" they must be in order to project a good image to those below them,
meaning they must be

The Architecture Elements Of Roman And Roman Architecture
Italy was founded on 21April 753 BC by two brothers, Romulus and Remus. Rome has been a
dominant empire throughout the age of time and its influence on the modern world is still in
manifest. One of the major driving forces that aided the Romans in maintaining their power was the
phenomenal architectural principles that their structures possessed throughout the city of Rome. The
Romans applied three elements in which was used in order to perfect various elements such as their
architectural structures, concrete, vaults and arch's. Rome was recognized for more than just their
achievements as a city, but they were also acknowledged for being founders of additional big cities
such as London and Paris in which elevated to their levels of dominance and power.
Ancient Rome leaders who were strongly engaged with architecture as a form of political and urban
art, include: Augustus (27 BCE–14 CE), Tiberius (14–37), Caligula (37–41), Claudius (41–54),
Nero (54–68), Vespasian (69–79), Titus (79–81), Domitian (81–96), Trajan (98–117), Hadrian (117–
138), Antoninus Pius (138–161), Marcus Aurelius (161–180), Caracalla ... Show more content on
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The construction materials and methods that were used by romans are concrete and true arch
whereas the Greeks would make use of post, lintel and marble. The preferred architectural orders in
which the Romans would make use of were Corinthian and in comparison the Greeks would make
use of Doric and ionic orders in their buildings. The most famous temples that were built by the
Greeks and Romans was The Parthenon, in which was dedicated to Athena, located in Athens and
The Pantheon in which was dedicated to all the gods situated in the city of Rome. In the Parthenon
ceremonies were held outside of the Greek temple, whereas in The Pantheon ceremonies were held
on the inside of the

Using Vernacular Architecture And On The Passive...
According to Natural History Museum (2015), modern humans have been around for nearly
200,000 years, and in our journey to the present, humans have learnt many ways to survive. From
hygiene to hyperplasia, people have come to know the best way possible to survive in the living
conditions they lived. To help protect themselves from sun, wind, rain, snow and even enemies, one
of the methods used is what today is called vernacular architecture.
The practice of designing and constructing a building today may seem easy with modern technology
at our finger tips, however 500 years, one can imagine the difficulties, trial and errors the inhabitants
of different geographical locations had to go through just to provide suitable shelter for themselves.
These trail and errors throughout the history have benefited many civilizations and bring forward
bundles of knowledge. For this reason, the objective of this research report is to explore vernacular
architecture and to expand on the passive engineering techniques used in times when technology
was not so readily available as we have today. Also, an analysis of the different lessons learnt from
these techniques will help determine the contribution it has made to sustainable architecture and
awareness.
Vernacular Architecture
What is it?
Vernacular architecture can be described as one of the many methods, which are used in
construction. "Vernacular architecture tends to evolve over time to reflect the environmental,
cultural

History And Theory : Leicester School Of Architecture
DE MONTFORT UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ART & DESIGN
LEICESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
ARCH1031
HISTORY & THEORY 1
ESSAY
In 1956, various people broke away from the Congres Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne
(CIAM), founded in 1928, in order to set up an international splinter group of modern architects,
Team 10. This led to the demise of CIAM. What were the goals of Team 10? How did they articulate
their disagreements with the objectives of CIAM? Choose a specific building or project to show
how one (or a pair) of the members of Team 10 attempted to put those goals into practice.
Alison and Peter Smithson 's: investigative duties.
Experiment and Utopia in the ' 'House of the future ' '
Marco Fiorino
P13214090
Session 2014/15
Architecture can be seen a tool for exploring the future; an instrument for questioning ourselves
about the infinite possibilities that humankind has when

Comparison Of Post-Modernism And The Modern Movement
The Arisen of Post–Modern movement for the replacement of the Modern movement in the way of
constructing architecture Post–Modernism could be a new paradigm in architecture to replace
Modernism and it is also known as the Critical Modernism. It is committed to pluralism, the
heterogeneity of our cities and global culture, and it acknowledges the variety of taste cultures and
visual codes of the users (Jencks, 2002). Post–Modernists agree that the cultures at different stages
of growth and the history behind of it had made up the world. This pluralism had become the
essential fact, in our life and the differences had to be preserved and cultivated. Post–modern
movement had rejected the endless repetition in the architecture and welcome the new
individualized form of designs. Exploration of creativity and innovation ... Show more content on
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Contrary to the Modern movement, Post–Modernism had placed great emphasis on the
communication of architecture between humans and the environment. Robert Venturi once said
before that architecture as a" system of communications within society" to satisfy" the need for
explicit and heightened symbolism" (Trachtenberg and Hyman, 2003). Post–modernism architecture
was often designed to convey the message that carries ironic meaning or criticism that challenge the
status quo to the public. The forms of an architecture or a space will also respond to the emotional
needs. The communication of an architecture between humans and the built environment will all
depends on the form created. The architecture or space's overall suitability will first be judged by its
general form, even before the consumer has had the chance of making use of it or physically
experiencing it. It is, therefore, very important to note that emotional needs are equally as pressing
as corporal needs, and experience shows that the lines between the two sometimes become so

Building Materials : A Sustainable Design And The Place Of...
"Buildings consume more resources than necessary, negatively impact the environment, and
generate a large amount of waste."
U.S. Department of Energy, 2003
The challenge, today, is to build intelligently, so that buildings use a minimum of non–renewable
resources and produce a minimum of pollution and wastes, while increasing the well–being of the
occupants.
This paper is an effort to understand the importance of building materials' selection in sustainable
design and the place of traditional materials in the contemporary sustainable architecture. Building
activity rapidly consumes finite resources and uses energy–intensive materials, while the
construction demand increases. In order to meet the future needs, we need to switch to more ...
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Designers should not overlook their qualities and capabilities, and sometimes their supremacy over
their energy–intensive counterparts during the material selection phase.
The research methodology of this study is based on review of literature written on the concept of
sustainability in constructions, the sustainability of building materials, as well as the sustainable
benefits of using traditional materials. Subsequently, it examines different approaches in the use of
traditional materials, through the presentation of successful examples of architecture from around
the world. It demonstrates that materials perceived as outdated or insufficient, can be used in a
contemporary way to minimise a building's environmental impact. It should be mentioned from an
early stage that the selected case studies focus only on addressing sustainability through the
selection or use of the examined materials and their contribution to the improved performance of the
construction; this paper does not take into consideration whether these buildings acquire other
sustainable attributes or utilise sustainable systems, although several of them perform exceptionally.
Dissertation Outline
This paper is structured in a way that aims to be easy to navigate and understand. It is structured in
the following chapters, gradually focusing to the role of traditional materials in sustainable
architecture.
In Chapter

The Revolution Of Modernism And The Mesopotamian Architecture
A building is designed for functionality. This principle has served as the cornerstone of architecture
in the United States and throughout the world since the first hut of the Mesopotamian civilization.
As the centuries go by, this principle started to deviate. With a series of political debris left over
from the World War II, the Cold War and the revitalizing economic policies of the Reagan Era,
Canadian–American architect Frank Gehry was able to shatter the established architectural norm of
the modern era and pen an iconoclastic style called deconstructivism in the postmodern 1980s,
leaving a resounding legacy in the architecture industry.
The social and political debris remaining by the end of World War II and the Cold War stifled the
possibility of a new architectural movement. The revolution of modernism, a form of architecture in
which function dictated form, in the postwar decades turned into a routinized corporation that
headed towards unpromising directions as it instigated the diminishment of architectural meaning
and artistic expression. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even after completing in 1978, the house still appeared to be under construction, wrapped in
materials out of an industrial catalogue. The house retained its essence as a perpetual construction
site, exemplifying Gehry's contradictory mixture of the ordinary and the avant–garde. Combining
modernist form–making with common materials, he had the courage to exploit the implicit freedom
of the American middle–class neighborhood. This method became a first in the United States and
caught the attention of critics. In spite of the first evidence of an imminent prominence, Gehry had
to hone the power of architecture to counter the forces of capital; otherwise, its capacity to sustain
any critical role could be largely

A Career in the Construction Industry
Today is the day you'll find out that I would want to pursue a career in construction in the soon to
come future. After researching, I came to realize that construction working could suit me job–wise
in the future. No matter how risky being a construction worker may be, I know I could find closure
doing the job, just knowing the things I will break down will soon be built back up in a better
condition for whoever may reside there.
To become a construction worker in the future, this website I found informed that I'd have to work
full time and execute a lot of physically demanding work, meaning I'll be working all from the
morning to the whole entire day into the night and most likely be very physically tired.
It's not like you'll be stuck in a cubicle in the same office every day, because you won't. There is
always a new work site to go to. The same website also states the majority of construction workers
learn their trade through short–term on–the–job training, and no specific education requirements for
the job are needed. The website also spared some things about license, and certifications stating that
laborers who remove hazardous materials like hazardous material, must have a federal hazardous
material license required for all hazardous materials removal workers, depending on the work,
laborers might need to have specific certifications, and certifications can really help workers prove
that they have knowledge to perform the more complex tasks.
The website talked about

The goal of an architect is to design accordingly to the...
The goal of an architect is to design accordingly to the time with an understanding of the
relationship between space and activity. In his essay Space and Events, Bernard Tschumi says,
"There is no space without even, no architecture without program." He then continues with,
"Architecture cannot be dissociated from the events that 'happen' in it" (Tschumi, 139).
Spaces have always been assimilated with past references, which create a type of familiarization and
attachment to the past that prevents time from moving forward. Because of this assumption about
the form, function, and meaning; thus architecture has been restricted by these familiarization and
these assumptions. The history of architecture has been a history of styles. Through ... Show more
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Even though geographical diversity and intellectual pluralism has characterized architecture, it
"does not mean that the attempt at discerning broader patterns and longer lines of development
should be abandoned" (Curtis, 657). As time proceeds, styles and ideas change, and new paradigms
arise, crystalizing the underlying concerns of that period. "In the inner recesses of the mind time is
telescoped;" deriving from inspiration from the past while also considering the significance of
modern space, old and new idea are combined resulting in new unexpected results (657). For
example in the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank, Foster abandons the usual notion of stacked floors
around a central core and exploded open it to accommodate a vertical atrium at the center which
provided a new vision of the work space (659). Another example is how Toyo Ito suggests that "the
skin of a building might be thought of as a screen upon various lights and shadows are projected"
(668).This followed Tschumi's idea of "manipulation of the known with its implicit mannerism,"
which is using things and simultaneously disbelieving in them (666). While understanding of the
relationship between space and event, the architect must also design accordingly to the time. The
influence of phenomenology creates a familiarization to

Effects of Urban Crime on the Urban Environment
EFFECTS OF URBAN CRIME ON THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Technical Paper by: Ms. Adit Padhi (aditipadhi@gmail.com)
"Greater concern about terrorism places new opportunities before the design community. If
protection is considered from the outset, design can make buildings and people safer."1 Introduction
Violent crime was the issue of the nineties, while terrorism has become the talk at the onset of 21st
century. Understanding crime prevention design is therefore an invaluable tool in organization and
maintenance of order in our societies. Planner and sociologist Duncan describes " a social problem
as a recurrent condition that has been defined by influential groups as a deviation from social
standards."2 When a social deviance exceeds group ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
6 REQUIREMENTS FOR CRIME FREE HOUSING: 1. Moderate locking system, provided the
opportunity for crime is reduced by design. 2. Facing windows: The houses should face each other
across the street or similar shared access area , to create a system of mutual surveillance. (Fig 1.1) 3.
High fences at the sides and rear, boundaries of individual housing plots. 4. Front access to a secure
yard, by providing a gateway to the front of the house. The gateway should be lockable and easily
supervised from inside. 5. Access for servicing and delivering. It is desirable to provide such a space
by the front door, but out of sight from the public footpath 6. Space at the front acting as transition
zones. (Fig 1.2)
7. All car parking should be on the hard standings within he curtilage of the house, preferably at the
front to facilitate surveillance. (Fig 1.3) 8. A garages at the side of the road close to the front
entrance. (Fig 1.4)
9. Limit road access to an area as it reduces traffic. (Fig 1.5)
10. Avoid through pedestrian routes. Where pedestrian routes are separate from the roadways, they
should not be planned to create a series of through routes. (Fig 1.6)
11. Houses should be oriented to face access routes and especially to focus on the entry points to
provide intensive surveillance. (Fig 1.7)
12. Green spaces outside housing areas, and provided near the entrances. (Fig 1.8)
Literature Review:

My Passion For Architectural Design
I have always had a passion for being practical for as long as I can remember, I often sought
pleasure from helping my parents build dreaded flat pack furniture. Over the years this passion for
being practical and building things has just developed into a love for structures and especially in the
last few I have been able to hone my passion down to architecture. What could be greater than
wanting to design these great edifices and seeing your design built for people to integrate into part
of the lives. My application to your university derives from my eagerness to study at one of the best
universities in the UK and from my desire to create well designed spaces that are both practical and
gratifying to the eye. It also hopes to ensure a satisfaction for my passion for practicality, my
appreciation of architecture and hopefully in the future it should secure me a place among some of
the architectural greats.
As a designer, I am constantly studying the world around me and looking at ways in which I can
change and mould it to make it more appealing and suitable for the tasks we undertake in our
everyday lives. This is reflected in my Extended Project Qualification that I completed earlier this
year which looks into the influence of architecture on human behaviour and how this compelling
link between the health and satisfaction of the human body that is largely determined by the
fundamental design of buildings can often be ignored by many of the architectural designers today.

The Differences Between Architects Le Corbusier And Laurie...
How Do Concerns Such As Sustainability And Climate Change Relate To A Contemporary Visual
Culture?
Formally Analyse The Difference Between Architects Le Corbusier And Laurie Baker In
Conjunction With The Required Readings.
Jason Mikha
Student Number: 27004791
Art and design theory C
December 2015
This essay will discuss the differences between the two architects, Le Corbusier and Laurie Baker
and how concerns such as sustainability and climate change relates to contemporary visual culture.
Le Corbusier was born in Switzerland on October 6th, 1887 and died in France on August 27th,
1965. Corbusier was known for his minimalist designs and theoretical implementations to his
designs. Corbusier uses what he titles it to be the "five points of a new architecture" and in these
points, it is clear to see that Corbusier prioritises aesthetics over function. Laurie Baker was born in
England on March 2nd, 1917 and died in India on April 1st, 2007. Baker looked at both technical
and aesthetic qualities equally and did not prioritise in one. Baker constantly considers the way to
provide an eco–friendly way to produce something whereas Corbusier's designs involved heavy
machinery which produces negative contributions to the environment. This essay mainly use the
recourses, Architecture of rural housing: some issues in India by Romi Khosla, Le Corbusier's
Ruins: The Changing Face of Chandigarh's Capitol by Vinayak Bharne, and A contemporary city by
Le Corbusier.
Baker's

Essay On Mendes Da Rocha
Born in Brazil in 1928, Mendes da Rocha began his career as an architect in São Paulo around the
early 1950s. He opened his office in 1955 and soon created an outstanding masterpiece with
devotion and passion, the Athletic Club of São Paulo (1957). During his early career, Paulo Mendes
da Rocha was a professor, teaching at the University of São Paulo and later became as President of
the Brazilian Institute for Architects. He has received many awards such as the Mies van der Rohe
prize for Latin American Architecture (2000).
In 2006, Mendes da Rocha received the Pritzker Architecture Prize. The jury cited his "deep
understanding of the poetics of space" and an "architecture of profound social engagement." He said
that "All space must be attached to a value, to a public dimension. There is no private space. The
only private space that you can imagine is the human mind." Throughout his works, simple and
powerful are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He processes "Brutalism Architecture" in which is a movement in architecture that came from
around the 1950s to the mid–1970s. Brutalist buildings are usually formed with repeated modular
elements forming masses representing specific functional zones, distinctly articulated and grouped
together into a unified whole. Concrete is used for its raw and unpretentious honesty, contrasting
dramatically with the highly refined and ornamented buildings constructed in the elite Beaux–Arts
style. Surfaces of cast concrete are made to reveal the basic nature of its construction, revealing the
texture of the wooden planks used for the in–situ casting forms. Brutalist building materials also
include brick, glass, steel, rough–hewn stone, and gabions. Another common theme in Brutalist
designs is the exposure of the building's functions–ranging from their structure and services to their

What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Stabil Brickss
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Earthen construction has evolved with mankind and creates housing opportunities world–wide.
Building with stabilized compressed earthen bricks (SCEBs) is becoming more popular due to the
low cost, relative abundance of materials, and quality product performance. The majority of
developing countries are today faced with an ever increasing problem of providing sufficient yet
low–cost housing in sufficient numbers. In the last few decades, shelter conditions have been
worsening: resources have remained insufficient, housing demand has increased and the urgency to
provide immediate practical solutions has become more critical.
Appropriate shelter is one of the most important basic human needs, yet 30 percent ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
This chapter describes the studies those have been accomplished by other writers which is similar to
this topic. And it shows the energy requirement to produced different building materials in table. In
this chapter also discuss about compressive strength of bricks. And this chapter discusses the
production process of stabilized soil bricks.
Chapter 3, is testing and methodology and this chapter describes the test performed on soil like
liquid limit test, plastic limit test, shrinkage limit test, compaction test, unconfined compression test,
hydrometer test for fine grained soil, grain size analysis, and specific gravity test and California
bearing ratio test. It shows tables and graphs related to the test result. And then it discusses the
classification of soil and unified soil classification system.
Chapter 4, is result and discussion and it shows the compressive strength of bricks at 7 days and 28
days, and comparison between strengths. Its shows table and graph of strengths. it also deliberate
the results of test performed on soil in the starting of

Explain The Differences Between The Hayward Gallery
Explain the differences between the Hayward gallery (1968) and its South Bank neighbour, the
Royal Festival Hall (1951) in terms of their planning and finishing and in the different ways they
relate to their urban context. While there are many similarities between the Hayward Gallery and
Royal Festival Hall, there also are a number of differences in terms of planning and finishing in
relation to urban context. Higgs and Hill built the Hayward Gallery, which opened on The 9th of
July. It is an art gallery located in the Southbank Centre, which is a key arts venue in Central
London. Until early 2011 the gallery was simply known as the Hayward. The Royal Festival Hall is
situated adjacent to the Hayward Gallery. It is a famous dance, concert and talks venue with a
capacity of 2500. It was the first the post–war building to listed as a Grade 1 building. The Hall
officially opened on 3rd May 1951 and was built as part of the Festival of Britain for the London
County Council. Planning plays an integral role in the procedure to achieve any given outcome.
Without any planning it would be extremely challenging for the architects to succeed with their
desired outcome. Nonetheless the finishing of any project is equally important as the planning. The
finishing refers to materials that are used not only to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On the one hand the initiative represented the largest project implying a complete overhaul of an
inner city area. On the other hand the South Bank was important as a project that was invested with
the utmost regard and with which a variety of interests and claims could be associated, ranging from
the desire for a democratic egalitarian culture. These agendas, the urban plus the cultural, situate the
project in related but distinct programmes of

Graphic Imagery And Designs Evolve Until Production
The process towards architectural construction takes on many forms, including various design
stages. The graphic imagery and designs evolve until production begins. There are undoubtedly
many considerations into a building's design, which stresses their representation as even more
important and influential to its potential construction. Elevation drawings and plans lay out the
details of construction, they are useful to ensure the structure adheres to any local codes, however
more detailed drawings are required for construction known as final renderings.1 Drawings are
therefore a fundamental form of documentation that informs a building 's production. On the other
hand, the emergence of archigram in the post–war era encouraged the imagination and was a
platform that challenged previous form of representation. Archigram placed as much influence on
the context of the building and depicting its urban surrounding as much as emphasising the building
itself. In addition, architectural photography provoked the emergence of modern forms and
structures; however, contextualizing buildings within the image was unnecessary. It was believed
that architecture could reform people– architecture is the art one lives in and thus rational design
could make rational societies.2 This idea was very much a driving force of representation which
drawings, photography and archigram intended to reform their urban landscape. Unlike detailed
drawing which provided an insight into the scale and

My View Of My Dream House
Generally, I revere everything in life, it illustrates a clear explanation of whom I want to become in
the future. The grade 10 students were introduced to the myp personal project and with this in mind,
I had many vital ideas executed but confused to choose a product that contributes to my interests. I
love learning and discovering new things. After many cups of coffee, I obtained an idea or goal to
create a three–dimensional foam architectural model of my dream house. My family built our own
house in India last year and on viewing the stages of building a house became one of my interest. I
always wondered how the workers/builders managed to get the house in perfect shape as the
engineer contemplated. For instance,
how can a bunch ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
His creation inspired many others' in the architectural field and has become one of the seven
wonders of the world. My product should impress others and induce them in creating their own
dream house model. I have chosen to focus on the global context of orientation in space and time.
My areas of exploration will be on "Homes and Journey". My project specifically deals with the
design and construction of a house in this modern world. I intend to focus on the engineer and
construction workers collaboration towards the completion of a perfect house. In this case, I will be
both the engineer and construction worker as I am going to design my floor plan and transform it
into a three–dimensional figure. Based on my global context my question of inquiry is "Why
humans should know how to manipulate architectural designs and common construction procedure".
To start out with this personal project I have decided to conquer this quote for my success in this
model, "If you focus on design, you can call yourself a designer. If you focus on the implementation
of your design, you can call yourself an architect".(Cameron Sinclair, Architecture for Humanity)
Before I begin my construction work, I need to know basic steps of an architectural – model
building. So I Came up with some research questions that would help me throughout this project.
What I needed to research:
What – Basic

Thesis On Braamfontein
Introduction
This paper is the result of a research gap regarding the topic of Braamfontein from an information
architecture point–of–view. What Terence and I concluded, after wildly searching for relevant
sources that would subsequently inform my Interaction Design (IxD) dissertation, was that credible
information pertaining to Braamfontein is undeniably few and far between. Well, no, it's there, but
the information wasn't exactly what we were looking for. In fact there has been extensive research
done around the topic of urban planning, the shift from public to private, the ongoing urban renewal
initiative, the over–arching theme of gentrification, and so on, but there was little to do with role of
information in Braamfontein. Writing about the history of Braamfontein was just as scarce. It's no
wonder that there is a general lack of interest within the informational scope of Braamfontein, where
on earth do you start?
Briefly describe the focus of the overall paper and its main points
This study contemplates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Explain the procedures used for analyzing the sources
The study is based on an inductive qualitative method of analysis using literature within the scope of
the topic. The analysis of this data is the result of an overlapping of key theories and concepts:
place–making; pervasive information architecture and; Hassenzahl's 10 Psychological Needs, with
insights from primary sources pertaining to the informational ecology of Braamfontein.
Section heading
Present evidence and ideas from sources. Concepts are organized under Section and subsection
headings.
A Pluralistic approach to Information Architecture
Space, place and time
To understand the inner–workings of a place, it is integral that we unpack the very foundation on
which this place occurs, we're talking about the concept of space. Without space, place ceases to

Construction Modeling And Cosmos : Study Of Indian Temple...
Kaushik.k
Pa101814
Professor.urvi DESAI
Introduction IN ARCHITECTURE
November 1,2014
Construction modeling AND COSMOS
Study OF INDIAN TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE
Chapter by chapter list
1.introduction ............................................................................................. 3
1.1 Aim
1.2 Objectives
2.the HINDU TEMPLE ................................................................................ 5
2.1 Elements of Hindu sanctuary
2.2 Material of Construction
2.3 Evolution of Architectural Styles
2.4 Developments in Temple Architecture
3.the GEOMETRY OF HINDU TEMPLE .............................................................................. 11
3.1 Cosmology and Hindu Temple

3.2 The Concept – Vastupurashamandala
3.3 The Plan
4. STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS .............................................................................. 13
5. Development TECHNOLOGY .............................................................................. 14
6.conclusion .............................................................................. 16
Book reference
Presentation
"Construction modeling is that extraordinary living inventive soul which from era to era, from age
to age, returns, perseveres, makes, as indicated by the way of man, and his circumstances asthey
change. That is truly architecture.".. Honest Lloyd Wright
"Construction modeling is the lattice of civilization"..lethaby
An investigation of history of

The New Brutalism Essay
Essay Plan
A Close reading on Reyner Banham's essay on 'The New Brutalism'
Introduction
Through the reading of Reyner Banham's essay on 'The New Brutalism', this essay aims to achieve a
closer insight on the style and theories of the Brutalist architecture. The style's appellation
originated from the french translation, 'béton–brut', which meant 'raw concrete'. Brutalism was first
introduced by the architects Peter, and Alison Smithson who formed an emergence of many
controversies of its definition and characteristics. The post–war architecture sought to reveal the
honesty of material due to the experience of an economic crisis. This critical point of time leads to
many instances of using material that was efficient and mass–produced to

Design And Cross Pollination Of Fields And Practices
It is believed that due to the high level of risk undertaken by the client and intrusted in the designers
that it is now a safer option to put the contractors in the driving seat rather than the architects who
simply provide the design (Jamieson.C, 2010and that larger multidisciplinary practices containing
architects, surveyors and contractors would be even more prevalent in fifteen years time because
they are able to carry the risk on behalf of the client (Jamieson.C, 2010). So surely if architects are
no longer trusted or believe in themselves there is no longer a need for them to carry out certain
duties or training? If an architect no longer carried the same responsibilities then there is no need for
them to work in the same methods. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Weston believed that 'the stylistic postmodernism of the 1980's (risk), had threatened to reduce
architecture to a stylish fad.' He believed that the risk architects felt upon themselves meant that 'In
its place it was argued the case for buildings that are monumental and anti–heroic, and grounded in
the familiar routine and environments of daily life( Weston.R, 2011). Due to the amount of money
and time needed to be invested into building architecture the industry can take astronomical hits
during financial crisis such as the credit crunch in 2008. Risk plays a huge part in the way we build
and create architecture. For the architect, a great deal of risk is encountered by intrusting the client
to pay for our services. One London based boutique architecture practice described "our main threat
is not being paid for the work we do– particularly the brief making part– but we never turn down
unpaid work because It might lead to paid work in the future"(RIBA the future for architects, 2010).
But it is not just the architects who feel the 'risk', it is also the clients who are effectively putting
their money, land or property and quite often their reputations at stake, so there is a lot riding on the
architects back to make the whole operation run smoothly.
The guardian stated that in 2008 '40% of architects lost their jobs' causing many practicing
Architects to brake off into different fields. For example in the 1970's, 50% of architects

Architecture, Power, and National Identity Essay examples
Having a sense of belonging is one of several fundamental human needs and national identity refers
to a person's sense of belonging to one country with its history, values and traditions. Since
achieving independence in 1957, the issue of Malaysia's national identity has been in the spotlight
due to its strong social, political and economical factors implication. As a multi–cultural country, the
search for a national identity is not an easy undertaking as Malaysians consist of different ethnics
such as Malay, Chinese and Indian. Each ethnic group contributes their own unique culture and
religion, hence making it difficult to form a Malaysian identity. In fact, in September 2010, Prime
Minister Najib Tun Razak announced the 1 Malaysia ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The term, vernacular architecture, was first used by architectural theorists to describe buildings that
seemed not to have been 'consciously' designed and affected by the intellectual and artistic currents
of the Renaissance (Dell Upton, 1983).
With the growing presence of globalization and modernization, the pre–industrial building heritage
is indeed under threat with modern methods prevailing. In that vein, we are seeing how the "designs,
use and meanings of these traditions change within the concepts of the contemporary processes" in a
globalized world (Lindsay Asquit, Marcel Vellinga, 2006).
The societal effects are evident in the negotiation of identity, and the definition and value of key
concepts like tradition, modernity and place (Lindsay Asquit, Marcel Vellinga, 2006). One of the
most engaging aspects that is relevant to the discourse of how vernacular architecture is tradition. It
has been a major theme in writings on vernacular architecture (Al Sayyad, 2004). According to the
values Victor Papanek exposed in his theory that "vernacular architecture is the result of multiple
causation", tradition as practiced in vernacular architecture can be displayed via a cultural
explanation: In a traditional setting, there are many that determine an auspicious date before starting
construction, by way

Fire and Lightweight Building Construction
Fire and Lightweight Building Construction
Lightweight construction has been used in building construction for more than thirty–five years.
Fire fighters have been dealing with the dangers of this type of construction since it was developed.
Lightweight construction is generally considered to be either wood frame or steel building materials,
where the roof and/or floor supporting systems are constructed of lightweight prefabricated
materials. The main problem with lightweight construction is the decreased load carrying capability
and stability of the manufactured members under fire conditions.
Lightweight construction started showing up in the late seventies and has come to dominate the
construction industry both on a commercial and residential level. The construction industry began
using pre–manufactured components and lightweight construction methods in order to improve the
efficiency of the construction process and to reduce costs associated with materials. Light weight
construction is very efficient in the fact that it takes less material and money to manufacture. It can
perform the task of a much larger and heavier piece of material with a quarter of the weight and
using less space.
Lightweight wood construction is most often seen in the residential setting. The main types of
materials used in light weight wood construction are pre–manufactured I–beams and I–joist, truss
systems, plywood, and OSB boards. I–beams and joist are manufactured by placing a plywood or

Essay about Role of Computer in Parametric Design
With the technological revolution, the telecommunications and information technologies opened the
gate to rapid and unprecedented changes on society's daily life which made computers significantly
accepted. In architecture realm, it has become an important instrument in both design process and in
the everyday operation of buildings and the city. After all, the current revolution is not just about the
computer as a tool, but about its role in architecture design. Nowadays, the world is experiencing
variety of new built environment with sophisticated forms as a result of this technological
movement. Also, with the interaction between the computational development in architecture and
the contemporary of spatial design intelligence, some new ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In this stage it is important to introduce the definition of parametric design "It is a methodology of
using advanced visualization technology and mathematical algorithms to optimize structure and
material form to advance resource efficiency and innovative solutions within the area of built
environment" . In other words, parametric design is a process of finding suitable parameters for a
design problem and setting up a predicted computed model which can be used to explore the
possible solutions. Therefore, it helps architects to generate precise forms instead of very complex
and sophisticated relations between elements and subsystems (Schumacher, 2008) . This means that
parametric design aims to produce simple forms which are less complicated and related somehow to
the form abstraction. In terms of physical models, the parametric design now acts as an important
tool to test and improve designing concepts instead of the convention models. In the past, physical
models act as main complementary tools and are made by hand which would cost money and time.
Victor Gane, (2004) states that using physical models in finding the architectural solutions would be
less feasible and has a modest contribution to the contemporary discourse of parametric design. This
is the way digital tools play a vital role when designing parametrically. However, it is possible to
design parametrically by using the convention physical mode and experiments, for

Associative Parametric Urbanism : A Computational Approach...
ASSOCIATIVE PARAMETRIC URBANISM:
A Computational Approach to Parameterization of Conceptual Design Phase
M.AYOUB
Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport
Alexandria, Egypt
Email address: dr.ayoub@aast.edu
Abstract. Urban planning projects usually comprises a complex set of objectives that needs to be
addressed by developing a number of proposals, which require a lot of repetitive steps resulting in
fewer and slowly–developed design alternatives. To address the limitations of existing systems, this
research introduces the merge of associative parametric design tools with the conceptual design
phase of urban planning process to propose a Parameterized Conceptual Design Phase. The
developed associative algorithm within the proposed phase represents a computational approach that
translates a site's settings into local attractors to define urban fabric and provide the designer with
variations for optimal solutions. The Informal Settlement of Ezbet El Matar, Alexandria, is selected
as the case study of this approach.
1. Introduction
Urban planning lays the foundation for the new buildings and public spaces that shape our lives.
Traditionally, urban planning process consists of a sequence of phases that may vary or overlap to
suit the project nature. During the conceptual design phase, a complex set of objectives and
requirements are addressed regarding certain factors such as land use, site considerations,
circulation, and environmental issues. To respond to

Brutalism Research Paper
The New Brutalism is a term coined in the 1955 by Reyber Banham in his essay Architectural Critic
in December 1995. In this essay Banham endeavour to summarise this (at that time) new emerging
movement. Banham described how this movement has caused some polemics and critics. For some,
Brutalism does not fulfil the standards of classical aesthetic. As Thomas Aquinas said beauty
supposed to be quod visum placet(that which seen, pleases), image may be defined as quod visum
perturbat – that which seen, affects the emotions, a situation which could subsume the pleasure
caused by beauty. Brutalism recognised both by the Brutalist and their critics as being anti–art, or
any rate anti–beauty in the classical aesthetic sense of the word. That statement

A Report On Le Corbusier 's ' Esprit Nouveau, And Several...
If one were to travel back to Paris in its immediate post–WW1 years, one would find a growingly
dissatisfied architect made anxious by his surroundings. All around Le Corbusier, engineers were
making their presence felt through rapid innovation of technology and industry, whilst architecture
seemed to be mired in a state of stagnation. As he watched this chasm grow between his profession
and the push for progress, he felt compelled to express his criticisms on the contemporary state of
affairs, as well as the bold, comprehensive vision he himself carried for the future. He did so
through essays in his magazine L'Esprit nouveau, and several of these were collected and published
as a book in 1923 titled Vers une architecture (literally Towards an Architecture though
mistranslated as Towards a New Architecture in the English edition of 1927). A manifesto of the
architect's ideas for a reconsideration of the house as well as the way to build it, it proved hugely
influential in its time and undoubtedly played in part in shaping the development of architecture. We
approach the question with the assumption that the book was indeed relevant owing to the word
'still' within its phrasing. Thus, it is useful to investigate the nature of its relevance at its time of
publication almost a century ago. A major reason for the widespread reception of Le Corbusier's
ideas can be found in his country's social conditions during the interwar years. Towards a New
Architecture was launched into

How Is Philip Johnson Post Modernism
The contradictory life and changing allegiances of Philip Johnson
This essay will critically discuss the development of Post Modernism as a reaction to Modernism
and the growth of the architectural style as an individual movement.
The objective of this essay will be to indicate an understanding of the formal characteristics of the
architecture and design of Post Modernism as well as the affect that the architect, Philip Johnson
had on this movement. It will also indicate an understanding of how Post Modernism was
influenced and shaped by the political, economic and social beliefs of the time. Post Modernism
architecture originated as an international style in America around the 1960's to 1970's and quickly
spread throughout the rest of the world. The goal of the Post Modernism movement was that it was
a reaction against Modernism and rejected the modernist desire for ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In architecture and interior design, Post modernism can be defined as the re–emergence of surface
ornamentation that relied heavily on historical decorative forms and made use of curvilinear lines
and angles throughout the design. Post modernism was concerned with the ornamentation,
symbolism, technology and the combination of present and past architectural style to create a brand
new style in its entirety (Jarzombek, 1999: 489).
Philip Johnson, has played an irreplaceable role in the development of Modernism and Post
Modernism architecture during the past century. Modernism was innovated and pioneered by
architects such as Le Corbusier, Frank Lloyd Wright, Mies van der Rohe and Walter Gropius, and
Philip Johnson was its director of public relations. He can be seen as the person responsible for
bringing the Modernism fascination to America and played a key role in the contextual acceptance
of it by its mainstream culture (Blake, 1996:

Malaysian Architecture : Crisis Within By Mohammad...
'Malaysian Architecture: Crisis Within' by Mohammad Tajjudin Haji is an analysis and critique of
the struggle to develop a Malaysian architectural identity. His introduction mentions the peculiarity
of such a search; since one must first either not have an identity, or has lost his/her identity, in order
to begin such a quest. Whether this is a conscious effort by the people and the government, or a
colonial progression that does not confront any architectural conscious resistance, the author
attempts to classify the different perspectives applied for the development of an architectural
Identity (Mohammad Rasdi 2005).
'Identification of Malay vernacular spatial features within vernacular houses' by Ghaffarian Hoseini
is an analysis of the third International Conference on Arts in Society. The use of local building
materials to construct housing that makes such good use of passive energy that almost no extra
energy is required to maintain the housing is another remarkable feature of vernacular architecture.
In other words, vernacular architecture provides the local inhabitants with a comfortable living
environment while at the same having minimum impact on the natural environment.
Quantitative assessment of indoor vernacular thermal environment
Many vernacular housing environment employ passive technology that was developed for such
purposes as safety, hygiene, health or comfort using the limited technical resources available in the
days before modern technology

Construction Of Urban Regeneration Projects
Urban renewal or also known as urban regeneration project are driven by the importance of urban
design and aspiration which is important as the independent world moves further into the 21st
century. As the world undergoes rapid globalisation, people may experience challenges at a point
that demand for their awareness especially towards the evironment and social. Therefore, it is
important that part of an architect to practise practical solutions that brings advantage of the existing
urban assests in a smart and sustainable way. Although an architect alone could not maintain a
sustainable urban regeneration from an architecture perspective, the role of an architect may
contribute to a sustainable urban regeneration projects. From my ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, part of an architect in creating a design for a building and producing an effective usage of
land is stunted as they do not have full access to unleash their creativity in creating a proficient land
use that contributes to a sustainable environment. It may be true that architects have limited
influence, which inhibits the goal of creating a sustainable urban redevelopment especially in
managing an efficient use of land, as they do not have access to certain sector such as choosing a
specific building site. However, architects are able to contribute to an efficient usage of land, as they
are usually part of a large committed group, which consist of an architect, engineer and developer.
In 'architect's role in urban regeneration, economic development and sustainability', Fred W (2012)
Clark promotes that great architecture requires great clients where the architect works along with the
engineers and developer to achieve sustainable development. Therefore, most of the decisions made
are discussed collectively as they would consider the ideas from an architecture perspective,
engineers and also developers before making a final conclusion. For example, engineering plans
will be issued to an architect before beginning of a new project where architects will survey for
quality control. Other than that, the

What Is The Similarities Between Villa Mairea And Baker House
Harry and Mairea Gullichsen, the owners of this villa provided Aalto a chance to express his
thoughts of transformation from traditional to modern architecture. This villa is actually a mixture of
timber strips, brick wall and also rendered masonry. It is not only consist of the traditional Finnish
vernacular and modern design, but also the influence of the English and Japanese architecture. This
can be seen in the sauna of this villa, which is built with wooden walls and flat grass roof, just like a
Japanese tea house. (Richard Weston, 2004)
This building is designed in U–shaped, surrounded an inner garden and also a kidney shaped
swimming pool. The modernism idea by Aalto is expressed through the design of an open plan. For
example, the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First of all, there are two similarities between Villa Mairea and Baker House. Designs related to
nature and landscape surrounding were never out of Aalto's consideration. For examples, the vertical
tree–like columns and curved panels in the library of Villa Mairea and the direction of the rooms
facing to the Charles River of Baker House. In addition, the curve and undulating form always can
be seen in Aalto's works. The shape of the swimming pool and the fireplace represent the free form
in Villa Mairea while the shape of the whole building of Baker House is obviously showing the
curving snake form.
Nonetheless，some of the design ideas in Villa Mairea are different from Baker House. For
examples, the transformation of the design style, from traditional to modern due to the request by
the owner of Villa Mairea, the open concept into the plan and also the transformation of materials
which is the change of the floor furnishing to make the villa more interesting. For Baker House,
open concept cannot fully be used as Aalto considered the privacy of students. The arrangement of
the rooms is also a challenge for Aalto because of the noisy location of this building and the aim to
have maximum view of the

Architecture Set In Motion Essay

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