concepto,ejemplos , técnicas e implementar la producción limpia

1. INSTITUTO TECNOLOGICO
DE SALTILLO
JUAN JOSE MATA
GRIMALDO
INDUSTRIAL ENGINEER
CLEANER PRODUCTION
ING. JUAN CARLOS
LOYOLA LICEA

2. CLEANER PRODUCTION
Clean Production is defined
as the continuous
application of
aenvironmental preventive
strategy integrated to the
processes, products and
services to increase over all
efficiency and reduce risks
to human beings and the
environment

3. IN PRODUCTION
PROCESSES, CLEAN
PRODUCTION ADDRESSES
THE SAVING OF RAW
MATERIALS AND ENERGY,
ELIMINATION OF RAW
MATERIALS TOXICITY AND
THE REDUCTION IN WASTE
QUANTITIES AND TOXICITY
ANDEMISSIONS.
EN EL DESARROLLO Y
DISEÑO DEL PRODUCTO, LA
PRODUCCIÓN MÁS LIMPIA
ABORDA LA REDUCCIÓN DE
IMPACTOS NEGATIVOS A
LO LARGO DEL CICLO DE
VIDA DEL PRODUCTO:
DESDE LA EXTRACCIÓN DE
LA MATERIA PRIMA HASTA
LA DISPOSICIÓN FINAL.

4. What are waste and what
are emissions?
Waste and emissions are
raw materials and process
materials mostly acquired
at very high cost, which
have not been
transformed in tradable
products or in raw
materials to be used as
input in another
production process.

5. Therefore, minimizing waste and
emissions also means increase the degree
of utilization of the materials and energy
used for production(increasing ecological
efficiency) and this is the case ideal, a 100
percent utilization that guarantees a free
procedure of waste and emissions.

6. to save
Costs of
raw Materials
Example: Applying a coat of paint in the repair
of a car can be a very intensive material waste
process. Using a conventional varnish,
containing solvent with a content of a non-
volatile material of approximately 60%,
combined with an uneconomical application of
a spray gun that is handled improperly and
poorly regulated by the painter, the application
of 1 kg of varnish over the material consumes
an amount of approximately 10 kg of raw
material

7. PRINCIPLES OF CLEAN
PRODUCTION
Precautionary principle: Precaution is
not simply a matter of avoiding
legally damaging situations, but also
ensuring that workers are protected
against irreversible health problems
and that the plant is protected from
irreversible damage. The
precautionary principle indicates the
reduction of anthropogenic agents in
the environment, and this essentially
implies a substantial mandatory
redesign of the industrial system of
production and consumption, which
until now depends on a strong
processing of materials.

8. PRINCIPLE OF
PREVENTION
Principle of prevention: Prevention is
equally important, especially in those
cases where the damage caused by a
product or process is known. The
preventive principle indicates the
advanced search for changes in the
chain of production and consumption.
The preventive nature of Cleaner
Production requires that the new
solution reconsider product design,
consumer demand, material
consumption patterns, and certainly
the complete material basis of its
economic activity.

9. PRINCIPLE OF
INTEGRATION
Integration principle: Integration implies the
adoption of a holistic view of the production cycle,
and a method to introduce such an idea is the life
cycle analysis. One of the difficulties with the
preventive solution is the integration of
environmental protection measures across
systemic borders. The traditional end-of-pipe
regulation is usually applied to a specific point
where integrated process measures for the
reduction of contaminants apply. By reducing the
need for emissions of such substances into the
environment, these measures then provide
integrated protection to the entire environment.

10. CLEANER
PRODUCTION
TECHNIQUES
To achieve cleaner production it is
necessary to evaluate each stage of the
processes. This will allow us to identify:
Opportunities to optimize the use of
resources (electricity, water, raw
materials, etc.)
The opportunities for reduction in the
generation of discharges (emissions,
effluents and waste)

11. OPPORTUNITIES FOR
OPTIMIZATION OF USE OF
RESOURCES
Broadly speaking, to optimize the
use of resources, you should
evaluate: The administration of
inventories.
Inventory control
Material control

12. THE PRODUCTION
METHODS
OPERATING PROCEDURES USE OF DANGEROUS
SUBSTANCES AND THE
POSSIBILITY OF
EXCHANGING THEM FOR
OTHER LESS DANGEROUS
ONES
TEAMS

13. The generated
downloads
(Effluents,
emissions, waste
and waste)
features
Possibility of being
considered a by-
product.
Segregation to
facilitate its
management and
treatment.

14. WASTE
MANAGEMENT
AVOID REDUCE
RECYCLE TRY
REMOVE

15. BENEFITS OF A
CLEANER
PRODUCTION
reduction of consumption of raw
materials and supplies
low implementation cost
fast return on investment
improvement in product quality
and product efficiency
decrease in the volume of waste
generated

16. decrease in the cost of waste
treatment
prevention of occupational
hazards
possibility of access to new
markets
contamination prevention
improvement of the business
image

17. STEPS TO IMPLEMENT A CLEANER
PRODUCTION IN A COMPANY
Step 1. Start of the cycleThis phase consists
of achieving managerial support, defining
the main objectives of the program and
carry out the planning of general activities.
The company must assign personnel from
different departments to form a cleaner
production groupwithin the organization.
Step 2. Analysis of the current situation In
order to propose improvements, it is
necessary to know how Find the company
at the initial moment. For this, a
compilation of the information must be
done available from the organization, as
well as making atravel through the plant to
identify high sites consumption of
materials and resources, and those who
possess important emissions or discharges.
Step 3. Material balance / process analysis
When the processes of interest of the
company have been outlined and the
inputs and outputs of the unit operations
that comprise them have been identified, it
starts with the monitoring of parameters.
In this way, the resources and raw
materials that are to be quantified are
defined, as well as the points and periods
of time for quantification.

18. Step 4. Definition
of improvement
optionsThis stage
requires an
important capacity
for analysis bypart
of the cleanest
production group
of the company.
For this reason, if
themembers of
this group do not
have this
competence, it is
necessary first to
train them in this
Step 5. Assign
priority to options
At this point, an
analysis oriented
to define the order
of priority of
implementation of
the options
generated in the
previous stage.
Step 6. Definition
of implementation
plansThe sixth step
is to generate an
implementation
plan of measures
where the period
of execution of
each option. This
period obeys the
order of
importance of
implementation
obtained in the
stageprevious
Step 7. Monitoring,
completion and
evaluation of the
cycleOnce you
have properly
created the plans
for
implementation,
the phase of
carrying out the
Actions. The CP
group must
supervise the
follow-up of the
plans In case of
variations, changes

19. EXAMPLES OF CLEANER PRODUCTION IN
PRODUCTIVE SECTORS
The problem of environmental pollution is not a
phenomenon of contemporary society as many
argue. Since the times of the Roman Empire there
are clear indications of alterations to the
environment. The environmental problems of the
mining sector can be classified into impacts on
nature and landscape, loss of the protective layer
of groundwater cover, loss of flora and fauna,
changes in geographical relief and even, in some
cases, changes in climate ; impacts on land use,
and impacts on the quality of life (of populations
near the quarries, because of noise, dust, increased
traffic and the existence of explosive vibrations). A
large part of these impacts are due to low-tech
exploitation systems with little economic capacity
to economically address them

20. Benefits of the Mining Industry with the use of PML •
Increase in productive efficiency and higher economic
income • Decrease in the generation of waste and
greater environmental protection • Increase in
competitiveness and ease of access to international
markets • Improvement of the public image and the trust
in the mining company by society and the government 2.
Agricultural Sector The different production strategies
(peasant, intensive, extensive agriculture, etc.)
determine the use of resources and therefore the impact
generated by the sector. The livestock sector is
characterized by the use of a large amount of water,
mainly in sustaining pastures, with the coil and horse
species being the most consumed. In the agricultural
subsector, the largest proportion of water corresponds
to permanent crops (such as banana, coffee, sugar cane,
African palm, etc.). Likewise, this sector also contributes
to the generation of polluting organic loads, generally by
post-harvest activities, by washing products, machinery
and containers.

21. waste treatment plant. There chemicals are used for
detoxification and sludge is generated. The reduction in
the source in this process is in the minimization of ' Drag'
This will not only save on the purchase of new chemicals
but also reduce rinse water, chemicals used and the
sludge produced in the waste treatment plant.In a first
stage, together with the manager and the shift manager,
the drag was measured over a weekend and equipment
was used as a collecting bucket, a bucket and a liter
measuring device. He They tried different ways of fixing
and separating work pieces(such as allowing 10 instead of
5 seconds, or dropping them, changing the angle of
removing the pieces, etc.) All these data were compared
with those of the literature. Through simple measures
and almost without investment, the drag was reduced by
around 40 to 50%.Meanwhile - through continuous
improvement - the specific consumption of water was
reduced by more than 66%.

22. A car repair shop needs to regularly clean the engine parts that contain oil and this operation is
done in a closed machine with aqueous alkaline solution. The washing solution (2000liters) must
be changed and disposed of as hazardous oily waste every two or three weeks. A new
ultrafiltration unit continuously filters the solution with ceramic membrane and removes the oil
and for this, the washing solution Now it can be used up to four months. The reduction of agents
of washing, water and hazardous waste is approximately 75% to 80% and your investment of
around US $ 6,000 to US $ 7,000 has a period of recovery of approximately 11 months.

23. Cleaner production in a painting process
In a painting process like in
an auto repair shop, paints
and solvents are used to
obtain a surface as a
product graffitii. In a
conventional process 10 kg
of input material are Used
To apply 1 kg of dry paint on
the surface, 9 kg are lost.

24. solution
Using the best available technology and best management practices, The same
processes can be achieved with the use of only 2.2 kg of Input material if some
measurements are taken:
Closed cleaning unit for spray guns
Use of HVLP spray guns (high volume - low pressure)
Use of paints with low solvent content
Training for painters

25. TECHNOLOGY
INPUT MATERIALS
OPERATION
,PRODUCTS
PRODUCTION PROCESS
WASTE & EMISSIONS
Cleaner production
categories