Module 1 of the prologos project focuses on recycling and solid waste management, aiming to educate students on pollution, solid waste, and the importance of recycling. The module is designed for K to 12 curriculum adherence and includes activities for independent learning, emphasizing skills like communication and critical thinking. Key topics covered include types of waste, benefits of recycling, and methods of waste management, while encouraging students to adopt sustainable practices.

1. ProLOGOS
Module 1
Recycling

2. Recycling – LOGOS Project
Module 1: Introduction to Recycling and Waste Management
First Edition, 2020
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
Published by Pro-Philippines for the LOGOS Project in Partnership with PATAS Inc.
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Pro-PH – PATAS Inc. – Better Philippines
Office Address: 23 Brgy. San Pedro, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan
Cellphone #: 09291827362
E-mail Address: arfel.tayona@gmail.com
Development Team of the Module
Editor and Writer: Arfel L. Tayona
Management Team: Jahziel Tyco Ferrer
Chairman – Pro.PH
Project Head - LOGOS Project
Richard Dalida
President - PATAS Inc.
Regie Pasion
PATAS Board Member
Arfel Tayona
Sining at Diwa

3. Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Module 1: Recycling on Introduction to Recycling and Solid Waste
Management
This module is produced, designed and developed for use for the LOGOS Project by Mr. Arfel
L. Tayona. The writers meant to utilize the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social and economic constraints.
This learning material hopes to guide the students in independent activities meant to be
digested on their own pace. The instructor meant to espouse skills on the students namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character considering the
students needs and circumstances.
We hope that you would guide and orient the learners on the effective use of this module.
May you track the learners’ progress in finishing this module with due consideration to the
conditions and need of the learner. May you encourage the student and nourish them to
finish the tasks in this module with goal to learn as much as would be allowed.
For the learner:
Welcome to the Module 1: Recycling on Introduction to Recycling and Solid Waste
Management
This module is produced and designed to help you learn and inform you in a fun and
meaningful way so that you may study and enrich yourself on your own pace and time. May
you enjoy and discover new thing from this material that may help you in your day to day life.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after completing
the lessons in the module
Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to
be mastered throughout the lesson.
Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills that you
understand from the previous lesson.

4. Lesson- This section will discuss the topic for this module.
Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.
Wrap Up- This section summarizes the concepts and applications of
the lessons.
Valuing-this part will check the integration of values in the learning
competency.
Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the
entire module. Ito po ang parts ng module
E X P E C T A T I O N
Specifically, after working on this module, we expect the student to:
1. Know what is Pollution and its impact to the world
2. Understand the basics of Solid Waste Management
3. Know what Recycling is
4. Be able to appreciate the benefits of Recycling
5. Know the basic types of Recycling
6. Encourage the student to be mindful of wasting resources
7. Have a better appreciation of human impact on the world

5. P R E – T E S T
Introductory Questions:
1. What is Climate Change?
2. What is Deforestation?
3. What is the Green House Effect?
4. What is Pollution?
5. Give 3 examples of Fossil Fuel:
A.
B.
C.

6. R E C A P
• All human activities have some impact on our environment.
o Environment Degradation
o Pollution
o Species Extinctions
• Our environment is in a very sensitive state of balance.
• Though there are a lot of natural resources in the - world, natural resources are limited
and can be depleted or used up.
• Non-renewable resources are natural resources that have a limited amount in the
environment:
o Example of non-renewable resources:
▪ Mineral Resources
▪ Fossil Fuels
• Renewable resources are natural resources that gets renewed periodically in the
environment
• Sometimes we use up renewable resources faster than they are renewed in the
environment
o Example of renewable resources:
▪ Trees
▪ Water
L E S S O N
Pollution
Pollution is any excess matter and energy in the environment that harms the natural
equilibrium of the environment
• Some Examples:
• Plastic Pollution
• Biomass Pollution
• Gaseous Pollution
• Heat Pollution
Plastics
Plastic is a general term for a class of materials that have the property of “Plasticity”
• Plasticity – being flaccid and malleable
• Plastics can be natural or artificial

7. Natural Plastics
Solid polymers that are found in nature.
• Cellulose - Cellulose are the major material that composes the cell wall of
plants.
• Rubber - Are composed of plastic polymers from the resin of Rubber plants
Artificial Plastics
Artificially/ Man-made Carbon Polymers – usually made from fossil fuel
• Polyurethane
• Styrofoam
• Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Two Types of Solid Waste
• Biodegradable - Can be Decomposed (breakdown by Decomposers)
• Example of Decomposers
• Bacteria
• Fungi
• Worms
• Insects
• Non-Biodegradable – Cannot be Decomposed
• Man Made (Artificial)
• Styrofoam
• Plastic Bags
Recycling
Recycling is the process of collecting and processing materials that would otherwise be
thrown away as trash and turning them into new products. Recycling can benefit your
community and the environment.
https://www.epa.gov/recycle/recycling-basics
7 Benefits of Recycling
1. Conserving natural resources
The natural resources of the world are limited and some are very hard to get.
• Recycling paper – means we won’t have to cut down many trees. Paper comes
from trees.
• Recycling plastic – means we will reduce the need to use fossil fuels to make
them. Chemicals used to make plastic comes from fossil fuels: Petroleum, Oil,
Gas
• Recycling metals – means we will reduce the need to mine them. Most metals
come from Ores or Rocks containing Metal Elements found on the soil.

8. 2. Protecting ecosystems and wildlife
Recycling materials mean we would reduce the need to get new materials and resources
from the earth and thus reduce the damaging impact of our activity in the environment
• Lesser mining means reduced need to bulldoze and mine forests, mountains and
land.
• Lesser pollution on water bodies, toxic chemicals on soil and lesser air pollution.
3. Reduces demand for raw materials
Recycling reduces the need for raw materials to produce new materials and products
Most raw materials come from poor countries. The harvesting of raw materials displaces
and exploits poor and vulnerable people, like those that live around forests, coastal
areas, rural areas etc.
4. Saves energy
The production of new materials requires the use of energy in the form of burning of
fossil fuels. Some materials need a lot of energy to produce and refine than merely
recycling it.
• Aluminum (Metals used in soft drink cans, Airplane parts, lightweight furniture
etc.) – recycling aluminum needs 95% LESS energy than extracting and refining it
from Aluminum Ores.
• Steel – Extracting Iron and refining it to steel needs 70% more energy than
recycling and reusing steel metal.
• Paper – cutting, crushing and pulping wood to extract fibers requires MORE
energy than reusing paper pulp.
5. Cuts climate-changing carbon emissions
Because recycling uses less energy than extracting and processing raw materials, it uses
less fossil fuels and thus reduce carbon emissions (Air Pollution).
Carbon emissions (Carbon Dioxide) is a greenhouse gas and thus limiting its production
lessens its effect on climate change.
6. Cheaper than waste collection and disposal
Recycling is actually cheaper than disposing garbage into landfills. It produces less waste
and we tend to save money.
7. Creating jobs
Recycling actually helps in creating new jobs and livelihood. Recycling is good for our
economy.
Note: It is still always good to: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
• Use less stuff (Raw Materials)
• Minimize Waste

9. https://friendsoftheearth.uk/natural-resources/7-benefits-recycling
Types of Recycling
1. Upcycling
Converting materials and products to something that have greater value than the original
material.
• Scraps of cloths are used to form quality bags or clothing
2. Recycling
Converting materials and products to something that have the same value as the original
material.
• Scraps of cloths were converted into threads to form new cloth.
3. Downcycling
Converting materials and products to something that have the lesser value than the original
material.
• Scraps of cloths were converted into rags.
https://community.materialtrader.com/upcycling-recycling-and-downcycling-whats-the-difference/
A C T I V I T Y
Identify this thing as Biodegradable or Non-biodegradable.
1. Aluminum Can
2. Soft drink Bottle
3. Banana Peel
4. Book
5. Electric Fan
6. Table
7. Chair
8. Cellphone
9. Chicken
10. Rubber Shoes

10. Give ways to Upcycle:
a. Glass Bottles
b. PVC Pipes
c. Old Dress
Give ways to Downcycle:
a. Bond Paper
b. Plastic Bottles
c. Fried Chicken
W R A P – U P
• Pollution is any excess matter and energy in the environment that harms the
environment.
• There are two types of solid waste: Biodegradable (Biomass) and Non-biodegradable
(Man-made)
• Recycling is the reusing, repurposing or the reprocessing of materials and products
to produce new materials
• It is much more beneficial to recycle old or used material than to produce new
material from natural resources
• There are three types of recycling: Upcycling, Recycling and Downcycling
V A L U I N G
Value Question
1. What would you change in your day to day life to reduce the waste you produce?
2. Why do you think it is important to segregate your waste?

11. 3. Do you think it would help our environment if you reduce the use of one use plastic
bags?
4. What day to day things can you reuse in your home?
P O S T T E S T
Multiple Choice. Encircle the letter of your answer for each question.
1. The major material that composes the cell wall of plants.
a. Pollution c. Styrofoam
b. Cellulose d. Polyurethane
2. Most metals come from?
a. Ores c. Wood
b. Coal d. Fossil Fuels
3. Converting materials and products to something that have the lesser value
than the original material.
a. Recycling c. Upcycling
b. Re-use d. Downcycling
4. Examples of Decomposers.
a. Bacteria c. Insects
b. Fungi d. All of the above
5. The process of collecting and processing materials that would otherwise be
thrown away as trash and turning them into new products.
a. Recycling c. Artificial
b. Pollution d. Natural Resources
Short Essay. Write a short concise explanation for the given question.
Why is it more preferable to recycle materials than to produce them from raw
natural resources?

12. Mga Bumuo sa Pagsusulat ng Modyul
Management Team: Jahziel Tyco Ferrer
Chairman - Pro Philippines
Project Head - LOGOS Project
Richard Dalida
President - PATAS Inc.
Regie Pasion
PATAS Board Member
Arfel L. Tayona
Sining at Diwa
Editor and Writer: Arfel L. Tayona
Video Presenter:
K E Y T O C O R R E C T I O N
R E F E R E N C E S
https://www.epa.gov/recycle/recycling-basics
https://friendsoftheearth.uk/natural-resources/7-benefits-recycling
https://community.materialtrader.com/upcycling-recycling-and-downcycling-whats-the-difference/
Format: Chicago Manual of Style
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