The periodic table arranges the elements in an informative grid by atomic number. Elements are arranged left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number, which usually coincides with increasing atomic mass. The periodic table is useful for classifying elements into vertical columns called groups. Elements within the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons. Horizontal rows are called periods and show the number of electron shells in an atom.

1. The Periodic Table

2. Describe the Periodic Table
OThe periodic table is a chemistry
reference
OIt arranges all the known elements in
an informative grid

3. Describe the Periodic Table
OElements are arranged left
to right and top to bottom in
order of increasing atomic
number
OThis order usually coincides
with increasing atomic mass

5. MENDELEEV PERIODIC TABLE

6. SYMBOLS

7. SYMBOL
IT IS THE SHORTEST
WAY OF REPRESENTING
THE ELEMENTS IN THE
PERIODIC TABLE

8. FIRST LETTER
ELEMENT SYMBOL
Carbon
Sulfur
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Fluorine
Boron
Iodine
C
S
H
O
N
F
B
I

9. FIRST AND SECOND LETTER
ELEMENT SYMBOL
Lithium
Helium
Beryllium
Aluminum
Bromine
Calcium
Neon
Argon
Li
He
Be
Al
Br
Ca
Ne
Ar

10. FIRST AND THIRD LETTER
ELEMENT SYMBOL
Chlorine
Magnesium
Manganese
Astatine
Rubidium
Zinc
Chromium
Strontium
Cl
Mg
Mn
At
Rb
Zn
Cr
Sr

11. FIRST AND FOURTH LETTER
ELEMENT SYMBOL
Caesium
Platinum
Thallium
Promethium
Neodymium
Terbium
Berkelium
Einsteinium
Cs
Pt
Tl
Pm
Nd
Tb
Bk
Es

12. FROM ITS ‛LATIN’ NAME
ELEMENTS LATIN NAME SYMBOL
Sodium
Potassium
Iron
Copper
Silver
Tin
Antimony
Lead
Mercury
Gold
Natrium
Kalium
Ferrum
Cuprum
Argentum
Stannum
Stibium
Plumbum
Hydragyrum
Aurum
Na
K
Fe
Cu
Ag
Sn
Sb
Pb
Hg
Au

13. Learning Check
Select the correct symbol for each:
A. Calcium
1) C 2) Ca 3) Cu
B. Sulfur
1) S 2) Sl 3) Si
C. Iron
1) Ir 2) In 3) Fe
D. Magnesium
1) Mn 2) Ma 3) Mg

14. Learning Check
Select the correct symbol for each:
Select the correct name for each:
A. N
1) Neon 2) Nitrogen 3) Nickel
B. P
1) Potassium 2) Pollonium 3) Phosphorus
C. Al
1) Astatine 2) Argon 3) Aluminum
D. C
1)Carbon 2) Cobalt 3) Copper

15. 1
TO
20
ELEMENTS

16. HYDROGEN
TO
CALCIUM

17. HYDROGEN
At: No: 1
Mass No:1
Lightest gas
Used as a fuel

18. HELIUM
At: No: 2
Mass No:4
Lightest inert gas
Used to fill balloons

19. LITHIUM
At: No: 3
Mass No:7
Alkali metal
Low density

20. BERYLLIUM
At: No: 4
Mass No:9
Alkaline Earth Metal

21. BORON
At: No: 5
Mass No:11
Non - metal

22. CARBON
At: No: 6
Mass No:12
Non-metal

23. NITROGEN
At: No: 7
Mass No:14
Non-metal

24. OXYGEN
At: No: 8
Mass No:16
Respiration

25. FLUORINE
At: No: 9
Mass No:19
Reactive non-metal

26. NEON
At: No: 10
Mass No:20
Inert gas

27. SODIUM
At: No: 11
Mass No:23
Alkali metal

28. MAGNESIUM
At: No: 12
Mass No:24
Alkaline Earth metal

29. ALUMINIUM
At: No: 13
Mass No:27
Metal

30. SILICON
At: No: 14
Mass No:28
Non - metal

31. PHOSPHORO
US
At: No: 15
Mass No:31
Non - metal

32. SULFUR
At: No: 16
Mass No: 32
Non -metal

33. CHLORINE
At: No: 17
Mass No: 35.5
Greenish – yellow gas

34. ARGON
At: No: 18
Mass No: 18
Used to fill light bulbs

35. POTASSIUM
At: No: 19
Mass No: 39
Alkali metals

36. CALCIUM
At: No: 20
Mass No: 40
Alkaline Earth metals

37. The Periodic Table of the elements is a
useful way of classifying the elements.
A vertical column of elements in the
periodic table is called a group.
The elements in the same group of the
periodic table have similar chemical
properties.
The noble gases are a group of very
unreactive elements.

38. GROUPS

39. VERTICAL
COLUMNS
ARE CALLED
GROUPS

40. THERE ARE
8
GROUPS IN THE
PERIODIC
TABLE

41. Elements in the same
group have similar
chemical and physical
properties.
They have the same
number of valence
electrons.
They will form the same
kinds of ions.

42. 1 st GROUP
ALKALI
METALS

43. 2 nd GROUP
ALKALINE
EARTH
METALS

44. 3rdGROUP
BORON
FAMILY

45. 4th GROUP
CARBON
FAMILY

46. 5th GROUP
NITROGEN
FAMILY

47. 6th GROUP
OXYGEN
FAMILY

48. 7 th GROUP
HALOGENS

49. 8th GROUP
NOBLE GASES
OR
INERT GASES OR
ZERO GROUP
ELEMENTS

50. d-BLOCK
ELEMENTS
TRANSITION
METALS

51. RADIOACTIVE
ELEMENTS
LANTHANIDES

52. RADIOACTIVE
ELEMENTS
ACTINIDES

53. PERIODS

54. HORIZONTAL
ROWS ARE
CALLED
PERIODS

55. THERE ARE
7
PERIODS

56. PERIODS
SHOW THE
NUMBER OF
SHELLS IN AN
ATOM

57. 1 st PERIOD IS
THE
SHORTEST
PERIOD WITH
2 ELEMENTS

58. 2nd AND 3rd
PERIOD ARE
THE SHORT
PERIODS WITH
8 ELEMENTS

59. 4th AND 5th
PERIOD ARE
THE LONG
PERIODS WITH
18 ELEMENTS

60. 6tH PERIOD IS
THE LONGEST
PERIOD WITH
32 ELEMENTS

61. 7tH PERIOD IS
THE LONGEST
INCOMPLETE
PERIOD

62. PERIODIC TABLE

63. GROUP – I ELEMENTS
OLITHIUM
OSODIUM
OPOTASSIUM
ORUBIDIUM
OCESIUM
OFRANCIUM

64. GROUP I ELEMENTS
O THEY ARE CALLED AS ALKALI METALS
O THEY ARE SOFT AND CAN BE CUT WITH
KNIFE
O THEY ARE HIGHLY REACTIVE METALS
O THEY ARE STORED UNDER OIL
O THEY HAVE HIGH M.PT AND B.PT
O THEY HAVE LOW DENSITY
O THEY ARE GOOD CONDUCTORS
O THAY ARE STRONG REDUCING AGENTS

65. THEY ARE STORED
UNDER OIL

66. THEY REACT WITH WATER TO
PRODUCE HYDROGEN GAS AND
AN ALKALI

67. THEY ARE SOFT AND CAN
BE CUT WITH A KNIFE

68. LITHIUM

69. SODIUM

70. POTASSIUM
KK

71. RUBIDIUM
O Rb

72. CESIUM
O Cs

73. GROUP – VII ELEMENTS
OFLUORINE
OCHLORINE
OBROMINE
OIODINE
OASTATINE

74. HalogensO Definition
- nonmetallic elements in group 17, that have 7
electrons in the outer most energy level and
combines with many metals to form salts
- term comes from Greek means “salt former”
Salt: a compound composed of positive and
negative ions arranged in a regular 3D pattern
- most reactive group of nonmetals
- varying physical properties, similar chemical
properties

75. GROUP – VII ELEMENTS
O THEY ARE VERY REACTIVE NON-METALS
O THEY ARE STRONG OXIDISING AGENTS
O THEY ARE POOR CONDUCTORS
O THEIR M.PT & B.PT INCREASES DOWN THE GP
O THEIR DENSITY INCREASES DOWN THE GROUP
O THEIR COLOUR INCREASES DOWN THE GP
O THEIR REACTIVITY DECREASES DOWN THE GP

76. FLUORINE IS A PALE YELLOW GAS.
IT IS THE MOST REACTIVE NON-
METAL

77. CHLORINE IS A GREENISH
- YELLOW GAS

78. BROMINE IS A REDDISH –
BROWN LIQUID

79. IODINE IS A PURPLE
SOLID

80. ASTATINE IS A BLACK
SOLID

81. DISPLACEMENT
REACTIONS

82. DISPLACEMENT
REACTIONS

84. TEST FOR HALOGENS

85. COLOUR OF THE PPT

86. GROUP – VIII ELEMENTS
O THEY ARE CALLED AS ZERO GROUP
ELEMENTS
O THEY ARE ALSO CALLED AS NOBLE
OR INERT GASES
O THEY ARE COLOURLESS GASES AT
R.T.P
O THEIR OUTEROST SHELL IS
COMPLETELY FILLED
O THEY ARE NON-FLAMMABLE
O THEY

87. Noble Gas
O Definition
- elements in group 18 that are characterized by low
reactivity
- term comes from noble people, did not associate
with anyone other then their kind
- characterized by an octet of electrons in the
outermost energy level; (happy)
- exception of helium
- very stable, (unreactive)
- colorless, odorless
- practical applications: balloons, illumination

88. INERT GASES
OHELIUM
ONEON
OARGON
OKRYPTON
OXENON
ORADON

89. HELIUM

90. NEON

91. ARGON

92. KRYPTON

93. XENON

94. TRANSITION METALS
O THEY ARE LOW REACTIVE METALS
O THEY ARE HARD , ROUGH AND
STRONG
O THEY ARE USED TO MAKE ALLOYS
O THEY FORM COLOUED COMPOUNDS
O THEY ACT AS A CATALYST
O THEY HAVE DIFFERENT OXIDATION
STATE
O THEY HAVE HIGH DENSITY, M.PT &
B.PT

95. COPPER

96. SILVER

97. GOLD

98. MERCURY

99. IRON

100. PLATINUM

101. TUNGSTEN

102. CATALYST
OIT IS THE
SUBATANCE THAT
INCREASES THE
SPEED OF THE
CHEMICAL
REACTIONS

103. IRON
O IT IS USED IN THE MANUFACTURING
OF AMMONIA BY HABER PROCESS

104. VANADIUM (V) OXIDE
O IT IS USED IN THE MANUFACTURING
OF SULPHURIC ACID IN CONTACT
PROCESS

105. TITANIUM CHLORIDE
O IT IS USED IN POLYMERISATION
REACTIONS

106. MANGANESE(IV)OXIDE
O IT IS USED IN THE DECOMPOSITION
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

107. NICKEL
O IT IS USED IN THE HYDROGENATION
REACTIONS,IE IN THE PREPARATION
OF MARGARINE

108. COLOURED
COMPOUNDS

109. COPPER SALTS