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IRJET- Soil Stabilization using Tannery Waste
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IRJET- Soil Stabilization using Tannery Waste
1.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 02 | Feb 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2037 Soil Stabilization using Tannery Waste Indumathi M1, Selvaprasanth P2 1,2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering & Planning, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, TamilNadu -----------------------------------------------------------------------***-------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Soil is the basic foundation for any civil engineering structures. It should has property to bear the loads without failure. In some places, soil may be weak which cannot resist the oncoming loads. In such cases, soil stabilization is needed. Soil stabilization is the process of changing soil properties by different methods where the main objective is to increase the strength or stability of soil and to reduce he construction cost by making best use of locally available materials. Stabilization is being used for a variety of engineering works, the most common application being inthe construction of road and airfieldpavements. Thefollowingare the stabilizers that are used so far are cement, lime, bitumen, fly ash, raw plastic bottles, and plastic sludge. In this research, tannery waste is used as stabilizer. The laboratory test was conducted with and withoutaddingstabilizerwithsoilsample. Test results are compared. Key Words: stabilization; soil; tannery; waste 1. INTRODUCTION Stabilization is the technique of blending and mixing materials with a soil to improve the soil’s strength and durability. The process may includeblendingsoilstoachieve a desired gradation or mixing commercially available additives that may alter the gradation, change the strength and durability, or act as a binder to cement the soil. Tanning is the process of treating skins and hides of animals to produce leather, which is more durable and less susceptible to decomposition. Wastes generated by the leather processing industries pose a major challenge to the environment. According to conservative estimates, more than 600,000 tons per year of solid waste are generated worldwide by leatherindustryandapproximately40-50%of the hides are lost to shavings and trimmings. In this project waste from production unit is taken as stabilizer. This waste is mixed with black cotton soil in the proportion of 2:3 and experimental studies (specific gravity, liquid limit, plastic limit, standard proctor test, California bearing ratio and consolidation test) are carried out and results are compared with black cotton soil sample. 2. OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGIES The main objective of this research is to stabilize the soil using tannery waste and achieve desired strength. The methodology for this research shown in Fig. 1., Fig 1.Methodology In this research, the soil sample is selected based on the comparison of properties of various types of soil sample. Stabilizer is selected based on the generation of industrial waste materials from various categories. The properties of soil sample analyzed and comparedwithandwithoutadding stabilizer. 3. SELECTION OF SOIL SAMPLE AND STABILIZER The soil sample is selected based on the comparison of properties of various types of soil which is listed in Table I. From the comparison of soil, the black cotton soil has high plasticity, high liquid limit and it is highlyexpansivesoil.Due to this property, black cotton soil has low bearing capacity and low strength. Hence this research aims to improve the strength of black cotton soil. The soil sample is collected from the location New Balaji nagar, Thudiyalur, Coimbatore. Table -1: Comparison of properties of various types of soil Experimental Studies of properties of soil sample Selection of soil sample and Stabilizer properties of soil sample
2.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 02 | Feb 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2038 Wastes generated by the leather processingindustriesposea major challenge to the environment. According to conservative estimates, more than 600,000 tons per year of solid wasteare generated worldwidebyleatherindustryand approximately 40–50% of the hides are lost to shavings and trimmings. The generation of Tannery waste in different countries shown in chart 1. From Figure China produces the maximum amount of tannery waste (2500 millions square feet). In India more than 500 millions square feet tannery wastes are produced every year. It is equal to 1/4th of tannery waste produced by China. In this research the waste generated from production unit has takenasstabilizerwhich contains 75% of lime20% of sodium sulphateandremaining 5% of other contents. Lime is blending material which has property to reduce the expansive character, plasticity and swelling potential of black cotton soil when mixed. Chart -1: Tannery Waste Generation in Different Country 4. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BLACK COTTON SOIL & STABILIZED BLACK COTTON SOIL The collected soil sample is tested in laboratory for the properties of Specific Gravity, Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, Standard Proctor Test, California Bearing Ratio Test, Consolidation Test in both the condition with and without stabilization and the test results are compared which is shown in Table 2. 5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS From Table 2., The Liquid limitandPlasticityindexvalueare reduced which denotes the swelling potential of soil get reduced. The increase in California Bearing Ratio value of treated black cotton soil indicates the increase in bearing strength of that soil. The coefficient of consolidation for treated soil is lower than coefficient of consolidation of untreated soil. The CBR value of treated black cotton soil is 4.2% and 4.8% respectively which is between 3% and 5%. Thus it has normal subgrade strength. Optimum moisture reduced from 33.34% to 28.34% which denotes a decrease in swelling character of treated Black cotton soil. Table -2: Comparison of Soil Properties without and with adding stabilizer 6. CONCLUSION Black cotton soil, Owing to its undesirable engineering properties such as high swelling and shrinkage, the soil is not good either as foundation or embankment material. To make the best use of black cotton soil, itspropertiesaretobe modified to suit the requirements in any specific case by means of stabilization. Therefore, it is necessary to properly choose the stabilizer through careful investigation to improve the strength, compressibility and permeability characteristics. At the same time, the economics of the process of the stabilization should also be considered. Here the Tannery waste is used as stabilizer and mixedwithblack cotton soil in the proportion of 2:3. Based on the results and analysis the strength of black cotton soil is increased when treated with tannery waste. REFERENCES 1) Ashwani Jain, Nitish Puri “Consolidation Characteristics of HighlyPlastic ClayStabilisedWith Rice Husk Ash” International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE) ISSN: 22312307, Volume-2, Issue-6, January 2013,p413- 418. 2) Rajan, B.H., subrahmanyam, N.andSampathKumar, T.S. : “Research on Rice Husk Ash for Stabilizing Black Cotton Soil”, 1982,HighwayResearchBulletin No.17. 3) Ramaiah, B.K., Shivananda, M. and Satyapriya, C.K: “Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil with Lime and Rice-Husk Ash”, Annual General.
3.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 02 | Feb 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2039 4) Anas Ashraf, Arya Sunil, “Soil Stabilisation Using Raw Plastic Bottles”, 2011, Proceedings of Indian Geotechnical Conference. 5) Mukesh A. Patel, Dr. H. S. Patel “A Review on Effects of Stabilizing Agents for Stabilization Soil” 2012, Civil And Environmental. 6) IS :2720 Part XVI. Laboratory DeterminationofCBR. 7) IS :2720 Part V. Determination of Plastic and Liquid limit.
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