Every individual produced by sexual reproduction is unique. This is .pdf

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Every individual produced by sexual reproduction is unique. This is because of… (circle the TWO correct answers) a) Independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis. b) Independent assortment of chromosomes during mitosis. c) Recombination occurring in prophase. d) Separation of chromatids occurring in anaphase 2. Solution a. Independent assortment of chromosomes during Meiosis c. Recombination occuring in prophase. After sexual reproduction the gametes that unite to form zygote are haploid. Since the haploid gametes are formed by the reductional divisions of diploid cell, So, The chromosomes that haploid gamete will carry, will be responsible for the characters inherited to the progeny Also the recombination that takes place in the prophase, determines the characters or traits inherited after the crossing over of chromosomes. Thus these two factors will be most responsible in determining the individuality of the progeny..

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1. Which one of the following does NOT occur during mitosis? Chromatids separate. Chromosomes replicate. Two genetically identical daughter cells result. Chromosomes align along the cell's equator. Chromatin condenses. 2. Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I? Homologous chromosomes separate and migrate to opposite poles; which homologue goes to which pole is random. Sister chromatids separate and those inherited from the mother migrate to one pole and those inherited from the father go to the opposite pole. All of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole of the cell and all of the chromosomes inherited from the father go to the other pole. Sister chromatids separate and the daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite poles. Half of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole along with half of the chromosomes inherited from the father. 3. Genetic variation is not increased by ______. the events of prophase I independent assortment crossing over random fertilization the events of anaphase II 4. During anaphase II _____. the cell is haploid sister chromatids separate and migrate toward opposite poles chromosomes line up in one plane homologues separate and migrate toward opposite poles nuclei re-form 5. In a cross between two heterozygotes ( Aa ), the next generation will be _____. in the ratio 1:3 homozygotes to heterozygotes in the ratio 1:1 homozygotes to heterozygotes in the ratio 1:3 heterozygotes to homozygotes all heterozygotes all homozygotes 6. The cross-fertilization of two different varieties of pea plants will produce a(n) _____. hybrid F generation 2 lethal P generation individual homozygous for many different genes.

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Some Calvin Cycle enzymes contain disulfide bonds that must be reduced through a mechanism involving thioredoxin in order for the enzyme to be active in sunlight. What is the name of the key regulatory protein that inactivates these same Calvin Cycle enzymes by oxidation when the sun goes down? Choose the ONE best answer. Question 10 options: Thioredoxin requires sunlight for proper folding into its functional three dimensional structure, so in the absence of light, it is unfolded and cannot reduce these enzymes. There is no regulatory protein that oxidizes these Calvin Cycle enzymes; oxidation is spontaneous. Sunlight is a reducing energy and moonlight is an oxidizing energy, so when the moon comes out at night, the Calvin Cycle enzymes are oxidized spontaneously. None of these answers are correct. The protein is called ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase. Thioredoxin has multiple light-sensing properties and when the sun goes down it turns into a strong oxidant. Thioredoxin requires sunlight for proper folding into its functional three dimensional structure, so in the absence of light, it is unfolded and cannot reduce these enzymes. There is no regulatory protein that oxidizes these Calvin Cycle enzymes; oxidation is spontaneous. Sunlight is a reducing energy and moonlight is an oxidizing energy, so when the moon comes out at night, the Calvin Cycle enzymes are oxidized spontaneously. None of these answers are correct. The protein is called ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase. Thioredoxin has multiple light-sensing properties and when the sun goes down it turns into a strong oxidant. Solution Option 4 \" None of these answers are correct.\" \"Chloroplast thioredoxin systems are crucial components of redox network, mediating environmental signals to chloroplast proteins. One key protein in calvin cycle regulatory processes is thioredoxin. The reduced form of thioredoxin activates many biosynthetic enzymes by reducing disulfide bridges that control their activity and inhibits several degradative enzymes by the same means. In chloroplasts, oxidized thioredoxin is reduced by ferredoxin in a reaction catalyzed by ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase. This enzyme contains a 4Fe-4S cluster that couples two one-electron oxidations of reduced ferredoxin to the two-electron reduction of thioredoxin. Thus, the activities of the light and dark reactions of photosynthesis are coordinated through electron transfer from reduced ferredoxin to thioredoxin and then to component enzymes containing regulatory disulfide bonds. Other means of control of calvin cycle also exist. For instance, phosphoribulose kinase and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase also are regulated by NADPH directly. Some plants synthesize a transition-state inhibitor, carboxyarabinitol-1-phosphate (CA1P), in the dark. In the dark, these enzymes associate with a small protein called CP12 to form a large complex in which the enzymes are inactivated. RuBP Carboxylase Activase facilitates release.

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Question 7 (of 20) 7. 1000 poants TB 1301 which of the following analysis techniques d… Which of the following analysis techniques does notexamines significant sustained changes over time? O Horizontal analyses O Trend anayses O Vertical analyses O Time-series analyses Mutiple Choice TB 13-01 Which of the following analyshs techniques d... yses to Recognize Financial Changes that Unfold Solution Answer is Option (3) Vertical Analysis Verical analysis does not used to examine the changes over time like horizental , trend and time series analysis. In the Veritical analysis, we take every line item and then calculate the persentage over revenue. This process helps to compare the financial statements of different companies.

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Problem 12-9A Condensed financial data of Waterway Industries follow. Waterway Industries Comparative Balance Sheets December 31 Assets 2017 2016 $ 114,736 $ 68,728 124,676 53,960 159,750 146,047 40,328 36,920 195,960 154,780 404,700 344,350 (71,000 ) (73,840 ) $969,150 $730,945 Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity $ 144,840 $ 95,566 23,430 29,820 156,200 207,320 312,400 248,500 332,280 149,739 $969,150 $730,945 Waterway Industries Income Statement Data For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 $551,613 $192,353 17,622 66,030 38,738 6,717 10,650 332,110 $ 219,503 Additional information: Prepare a statement of cash flows using the indirect method. (Show amounts that decrease cash flow with either a - sign e.g. -15,000 or in parenthesis e.g. (15,000).) Adjustments to reconcile net income to Waterway Industries Comparative Balance Sheets December 31 Assets 2017 2016Cash $ 114,736 $ 68,728Accounts receivable 124,676 53,960Inventory 159,750 146,047Prepaid expenses 40,328 36,920Long-term investments 195,960 154,780Plant assets 404,700 344,350Accumulated depreciation (71,000 ) (73,840 )Total $969,150 $730,945 Liabilities and Stockholders’ EquityAccounts payable $ 144,840 $ 95,566Accrued expenses payable 23,430 29,820Bonds payable 156,200 207,320Common stock 312,400 248,500Retained earnings 332,280 149,739Total $969,150 $730,945 Solution Waterway Industries Statement of Cash Flows For the year ended Amount Cash flows from operating activities Net Income $219,503 Adjust to reconcile net income to net cash provided Depreciation expenses $66,030 Loss on disposal of plant assets $10,650 Increase in Accounts receivable -$70,716 Increase in Inventory -$13,703 Increase in Prepaid expenses -$3,408 Increase in Accounts Payable $49,274 Decrease in accrued expenses payable -$6,390 Net cash used by operating activities $251,240 Cash flows from investing activities Cash payment for acquisition of plant assets -$142,000 Sale of Plant Assets $2,130 Cash payment for acquisition of Long-term investment -$41,180 Net cash used by investing activities -$181,050 Cash flows from financing activities Issuance of Common Stock $63,900 Bond Payable matured -$51,120 Payment of Dividends -$36,962 Net cash provided by financing activities -$24,182 Net decrease in cash $46,008 Cash at Beginning of Period $68,728 Cash at End of Period $114,736.

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Match the graph of the sine function to the equation over [-4 Pi. 4 Pi] Solution here vertical shift is 1/2 from the graph Amplitude = 3/2 period = =pi phase shift is = -pi/4/pi= -1/4 so we can write Y = Asin(BX+C) + D where A= amplitude period = 2pi/B phase shift = -C/B vertical shift (D)=1/2 so y = 3/2sin(1/2 x -pi/4) +1/2 so it is option A you can find answer in other way also from the graph take some points option A is the correct answer plug x =-pi/4 then we get y=-1 and in the graph also y=-1.

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Figure 13.2 of a single pair of homologous chromosomes as they might appear during various stages of either mitosis or meiosis 53) Which diagram(s) represent anaphase II of meiosis? A) II only B) III only C) IV only D) V only E) either II or V Answer: D What\'s wrong with E?? If III V VI /1 /N Solution It Showing various stages of Meiosis because the stages showing 2 anaphases, crossing over and chiasma formation Yaa the answer is D. Anaphase 2 occur in haploid cells, so it contain single chromosome but 2 chromatids. The two chromatids seperate in the Anaphase II. So D is correct.

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