The document discusses cell division and genetics. It explains that cell division, through mitosis and meiosis, allows for the transmission of genetic material from parent cells to daughter cells. Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells during normal cell growth and reproduction. Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half and produces genetic variation through independent assortment and crossing over, resulting in gametes for sexual reproduction.
1. Cell Division and Genetics – Mechanisms for a Knit of Identity and Thread of Distinction
2. DNA and Its Faithful Replication – The Knit of Identity Because DNA stores genetic information and is faithfully replicated, information is passed largely unaltered from cell-to-cell, generation-to- generation.
7. DNA is Packaged into Chromosomes DNA in the cell is virtually always associated with proteins. The packaging is impressive – 2 meters of human DNA fit into a sphere about 0.000005 meters in diameter. chromatin duplicated chromosome
9. DNA is Condensed into Visible Chromosomes Only For Brief Periods in the Life of a Cell 95% of the time, chromosomes are like this. Easily visible chromosomes are apparent perhaps 5% of the time in an actively growing cell and less in a non-growing cell.
10. A Karyotype is an Arranged Picture of Chromosomes At Their Most Condensed State A normal human karyotype Boy or girl? Note that almost all chromosomes come in homologous pairs.
11. From Birth to Rebirth, a Cell Progresses Through Characteristic Stages That Constitute the Cell Cycle In multicellular organisms like us, progress through the cell cycle is carefully regulated.
12. Cancer Is One Outcome of A Runaway Cell Cycle Licentious division - prostate cancer cells during division.
13. The Knit of Identity - Mitosis Precisely and Evenly Divides Duplicated Chromosomes Precisely dividing the duplicated chromosomes has the consequence of providing each new cell with an identical and complete set of genetic instructions. interphase prophase metaphase
14. Mitosis Precisely and Evenly Divides Duplicated Chromosomes Cytokinesis is the process of cell division and it is distinct and separable from mitosis.
