This document discusses four approaches to curriculum development: behavioral, managerial, systems, and humanistic. The behavioral approach focuses on specifying goals and objectives and arranging content and activities to meet those objectives, evaluating learning outcomes based on the goals. The managerial approach emphasizes the principal's role in setting policies, planning, and organizing curriculum implementation. The systems approach views all parts of the school as an interconnected system. The humanistic approach places the learner at the center and aims for their total development. Curriculum developers may draw from one or more of these approaches.

1. Curriculum Approaches
Group 5
EDMS 102: Curriculum Development

2. What is an APPROACH?
It is a way of dealing with
something, a way of doing or
thinking about something
(Merriam-Webster).

3. What then is a CURRICULUM
APPROACH?
It is a way of dealing with a
curriculum, a way of
doing/creating/designing/
thinking about a curriculum.

4. Curriculum Approaches
There are four curriculum
approaches:
◦ BEHAVIORAL APPROACH
◦ MANAGERIAL APPROACH
◦ SYSTEMS APPROACH
◦ HUMANISTIC APPROACH

5. Curriculum Approaches
Curriculum practitioners and
implementers may use one or more
approaches in planning,
implementing, and evaluating the
curriculum.

6. Curriculum Approaches
Textbook writers or instructional
material producers also have
different curricular approaches.

7. Behavioral Approach
Anchored on the behaviorist
principle.
Based on a blueprint – goals and
objectives are specified, contents
and activities are also arranged to
match with the learning
objectives.

8. Behavioral Approach
Learning outcomes are evaluated
in terms of goals and objectives
set at the beginning.

9. Behavioral Approach
AIM – to achieve efficiency
PROPONENT – Frederick Taylor
In education, behavioral approach
begins with educational plans
that start with the setting of goals
and objectives.

10. Behavioral Approach
These are important ingredients in
curriculum implementation as
evaluating the learning outcomes as
a change in behavior.

11. Behavioral Approach
CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR
indicates the measure of
the accomplishments.

12. Managerial Approach
Became dominant in the 1950’s and
1960’s.
Principal = Curriculum leader
= Instructional leader
= General manager

13. Managerial Approach
General Manager – sets the
policies and priorities, establishes
the direction of change and
innovation, and planning and
organizing curriculum and
instruction.

14. Managerial Approach
School Administration – less
concerned about the content than
about organization and
implementation; less concerned
about subject matter, methods, and
materials than improving the
curriculum.

15. Managerial Approach
Curriculum Managers – look at the
curriculum changes and
innovations as they administer
the resources and restructure the
schools.

16. Managerial Approach
Roles of the Curriculum Supervisors
(Ornstein and Hunkins, 2004)
1. Help develop the school’s educational
goals.
2. Plan curriculum with students, parents,
teachers, and other stakeholders.

17. Managerial Approach
Roles of the Curriculum Supervisors
(Ornstein and Hunkins, 2004)
3. Design programs of study by grade
levels.
4. Plan or schedule classes or school
calendar.

18. Managerial Approach
Roles of the Curriculum Supervisors
(Ornstein and Hunkins, 2004)
5. Prepare curriculum guides or teacher
guides by grade level or subject area.
6. Help in the evaluation and selection of
textbooks.

19. Managerial Approach
Roles of the Curriculum Supervisors
(Ornstein and Hunkins, 2004)
7. Observe teachers.
8. Assist teachers in the implementation
of the curriculum.
9. Encourage curriculum innovation and
change.

20. Managerial Approach
Roles of the Curriculum Supervisors
(Ornstein and Hunkins, 2004)
10. Develop standards for curriculum and
instructional evaluation.

21. Systems Approach
Influenced by systems theory.
The parts of the total school district
or school are examined in terms
of how they relate to each other.

22. Systems Approach
Organizational chart – represents
a systems approach; shows the
line-staff relationships of
personnel and how decisions are
made.

24. Systems Approach
George Beauchamp: the systems
theory of education see the
following to be of equal
importance:
1. ADMINISTRATION
2. COUNSELING
3. CURRICULUM
4. INSTRUCTION
5. EVALUATION

25. Humanistic Approach
Rooted in the progressive
philosophy and child-centered
movement
Considers the formal or planned
curriculum and the informal or
hidden curriculum.

26. Humanistic Approach
Considers the whole child and
believes that in curriculum the total
development of the individual is
the prime consideration.

27. Humanistic Approach
The LEARNER is at the
CENTER of the curriculum.

28. References:
http://www.merriam-webster.
com/dictionary/approach Accessed
02 July 2014
http://www.affordablecebu.com/load/scho
ols_universities/organizational_structure_c
hart_of_deped/23-1-0-8418 Accessed 02
July 2014
Bilbao, Purita P. et al. (2008). Curriculum
Development. Quezon City: Lorimar
Publishing.

29. THANK YOU VERY MUCH
FOR LISTENING.