Present status and future prospects of modern day horticulture h

1. ASSIGNMENT:.
PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS OF MODERN DAY
HORTICULTURE
WRITTEN BY:.
Muhammad Habib Ullah
2015-ag-7783
SUBMITTED TO:.
Dr. Shoaib Ur Rehman

2. What is Horticulture
• Horticulture is word which is made from two words.
“Hortus” means Garden
“Colera” means to Cultivate
• By the meaning of the words “Horticulture” is the cultivation of
garden is called Horticulture.
• Horticulture deals with the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, flowers
and ornamental plants. It also deals landscaping, beautification.

3. • There are many Branches of horticulture but major branches is
1.Pomology
2.Olericuture
3.Floriculture and Landscaping
Branches of Horticulture

4. • Technology is everywhere ! From the shovel you use to plant a seed to
the process in which that seed’s genetics have been altering to resist
drought, technology has a long, undeniable history in the horticulture
industry. Each innovation has been a response to a particular problem
and for horticulture, those problems started with a need to cultivate
and grow plants on a sustainable scale.
The Evolution of Technology in
Horticulture

5. Technology Revolutions in Horticulture
• Looking back, there are several distinct advancements in technology
that, whether they originated in agriculture or crossed over from
another industry, changed the face of how we grow and harvest. If
you’ve been in the industry for more than a few years, you’ll surely
think of a few changes you’ve witnessed and perhaps adopted. If your
company has been through multiple generations, there’s no doubt
that the industry has changed since your ancestors began their trade.
So, while technology can often be seen as an intruder, here are a few
simple ways it has revolutionized horticulture around the world.

6. Tractor
• For centuries, plowing fields with a horse or an ox was considered the best
way to plant cultivate the land. That changed dramatically when technology
offered farms a better way with the tractor.
“If I had asked people what they wanted, they would have said faster
horses.”- Henry Ford
• The farmers and horticulturalists didn’t know what they were missing until
they used a tractor for the first time. The shift from horse to a machine was
huge, and like all changes, it was met with some apprehension but over
time became an integral part of the industry. Nowadays, tractors are one of
the most basic symbols of agriculture and it’s hard to imagine farming of
any kind without one.
• Bringing efficiency and increasing productivity, the tractor remains an
icon of innovation and transformation to this day.

7. Biotechnology
• Since human civilization started planting crops, they have been
breeding desirable qualities in plants. These processes use to take
decades if not centuries. Modern biotechnology reduces the time
almost entirely. From a laboratory, a plant can be engineered to be
more pest resistant or produce abundant blooms. Biotechnology has
changed the varying success rate of crops to consistently high-quality
yields, allowed us to grow vibrant strains of different flowers, crops,
or plants that otherwise would be an incredibly slow process to
achieve.

8. Greenhouse
• Horticulturists couldn’t grow certain plant varieties in a field largely
because of the harsh climate. The greenhouse was a simple, yet
innovative response to that challenge, allowing growers to control the
climate through temperature and lighting. The desire to protect
plants from harsh weather has also presented other benefits as well.
Growing in a greenhouse also :
• Helps protect plants from disease and pests
• Extends the growing season
• Allows a greater variety of plants

9. Latest Developments in Greenhouse
Technologies

10. • Using cutting-edge hyper-spectral imaging, this camera can find
diseases early in seed potatoes when symptoms aren’t visible to the
human eye. Based on a few images, a classifier is built to distinguish
between stem and leaf disorders.
• Through ‘deep-learning’ the system can learn to identify diseases on
plants grown in the open field
Potato Seed Disease Detection

11. Pasteur Sensor Tags
• With the ability to predict the true shelf-life of fresh produce, by
monitoring product quality throughout the cold chain, these low-cost
wireless sensors could significantly reduce food waste. The sensor
chips measure temperature, relative humidity and light, which is
plotted against shelf-life models for fresh produce like strawberries,
avocados and roses.
• The project hopes to move from stock management that is first-in,
first-out in to a smarter way of managing produce, ‘first expired, first
out.’ This should lead to a better customer experience.

12. TrimBot2020
• Funded by the EU, this project is looking to prototype the first outdoor
garden trimming robot. Using robotics and vision technologies,
the TrimBot2020 will be able to navigate autonomously avoiding
obstacles over varying garden terrain. It will then trim rose bushes,
hedges and boxwood topiary to restore them to their ideal shape.
• The robot will be based on a modified commercial robot lawn mower,
which will navigate using a user-defined garden map and 3D scene
analysis, and then visually direct an electric plant cutter.

13. PhenoBot
• Another scouting robot, the PhenoBot scans tomato crops in
glasshouses and, using a 3D light field camera, can predict the number
of fruits per plants and measure the quantity and weight of harvested
fruits. This knowledge could help better inform customers with yield
information.
• PhenoBot can also detect botrytis symptoms using chlorophyll
fluorescence measurements and directly target fungicides to affected
areas.

14. IRIS! Scout robot
• Winner of the Genentech Innovation Concept Award 2018, this scout
robot can be used to detect pests, disease and nutrient deficiencies in
pepper and tomato crops. It can also count fruits, assess their color and
measure their size to predict yields.
• The sensors can also measure microclimates in different parts of the
plant canopy.

15. Sweeper
• This robotic arm can autonomously select and harvest ripe sweet
peppers, moving up and down crop rows on a mobile unit. It uses a
series of moving cameras to create a 3D image of the plants and fruit
and combines with color spectral imaging senses to monitor the
ripeness of the fruit.
• The robot requires ‘deep-learning’ or extensive training to understand
how to find the fruit within dense crops and to identify where best to
cut, all working in real-time.

16. Augmented Reality Glasses for Monitoring
Plant Health
• This eyewear could revolutionize crop walking, by using augmented
reality to monitor plant health. Using reflectance at specific
wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared range can enhance the
contrast between healthy and unhealthy plants. The special camera on
these glasses can calculate the difference and overlays this on the
scene you are looking at.

17. PicknPack
• With the ability to adapt the packaging of food to the product or batch
size, this automated packing system could significantly reduce both
waste of food and packaging materials. The adaptive packaging
module has flexibility in terms of package, shape, size, sealing and
printing.
• It also has the ability to assess product quality and then sort and
separate to the right package or crate.

18. Gerbera Scout
• Robots that offer decision support systems are being developed to help
give growers plant scale information on a large scale. This scout for
Gerbera crops uses high tech sensors and data management systems to
monitor crops for growth, pests and diseases.
• Near-infrared image cameras can detect powdery mildew and image
analysis can predict bud and flower yields to aid cut-flower
production.

19. Automatic Pest Counting on Sticky Traps
• Using deep-learning image analysis networks, where the computer
learns to detect different pests and images by itself after initial
training, this system can automatically count white fly and beneficial
insects trapped on yellow sticky traps.

20. Present status and Future scope of Horticulture &
National and International sources for Horticulture
Crop Production of Pakistan

21. Important Areas of Export
Competitiveness
• Pakistan faces external and internal development challenges and the
problems in order to enhance exports. The three important areas of exports
with significant growth potential are: horticulture, fishing and tourism.
There could be dynamic gains particularly in horticulture, if some useful
effort is made for technological upgrading, quality control, marketing
networks and market connections. Product price, quality and ability to
comply with International market requirements are the three primary areas
of export competitiveness. Pakistan is blessed with a variety of inherent
good quality horticulture products, so product quality is not an issue. The
food processing of Pakistani products does not comply with the
international standards. The inadequate processing impacts the quality of
food product preventing it from entering in high and value markets.

22. Sustainable Economic Growth & Export
Competitiveness
• Pakistan’s agro-climatic conditions provide a suitable environment for the
production of various horticultural crops, as well as a strong comparative
advantage in horticulture, as indicated by the sector’s rapid growth even in
the absence of policy interventions. However, the perishability of
horticultural products means that the sector requires an efficient processing
and marketing infrastructure that is largely lacking in Pakistan. Exploitation
of Pakistan’s export potential of horticultural products requires considerable
streamlining in the areas of storage, transportation, and packing. Since
globalization has significantly increased competition, compliance with
international standards is necessary. If Pakistan is able to improve the
processing of horticultural produce, then the country will become
competitive and there is no doubt that horticulture will contribute
substantially to sustain the economy of the country.

23. Present status
• The total number of orchards in Pakistan is about 328,400.
• If we talk about ornamental flowers then this thing is of supreme
importance that the availability of flowers and ornamental plants has
recently increased with change in crop production priorities and rise in
living standards.
• For determining the present status there is some information is given
about fruits produced in Pakistan. First of all we will share
information about that fruit for which Pakistan is well known
throughout the world.

24. Fruit industry
• For determining the present status there is some information is given
about fruits produced in Pakistan.
• Pakistan exports is on dependent this fruits.
• First of all we will share information about that fruit for which
Pakistan is well known throughout the world.

25. Citrus
• Pakistan is the tenth largest producer of citrus in world. In Pakistan
citrus production has increased over the time.
• In 1959-60 the total area under citrus cultivation was 68.50 thousand
acres. It has increased to 494.07 thousand acres in the year 2008-09.
• The production of citrus was 298.00 thousand tones during the year
1959-60 and has increased to 2132.28 thousand tones in 2008-09.

26. Citrus

27. Mango
• Pakistan is the sixth largest producer of mango in world after India,
China, Mexico, Indonesia and Thailand.
• Mango is the second largest fruit crop of Pakistan.
• In 1960 the total area under mango cultivation was 79 thousand acres.
Graph shows a consistent increase in production area, increasing to
420.50 thousand acres in the year 2008-09.
• The production of mango was 202.00 thousand tones in 1960 and has
increased to 1727.93 thousand tones in 2008-09.

28. Mango

29. Contribution to National Economy
• Importance of exports in the development of an economy cannot be
denied. This is particularly true in case of a developing economy like
Pakistan.
• Export of fruits is mainly concentrated in citrus and mango.
• Horticulture is 5% of Pakistan’s agriculture GDP. Citrus fruit is 14%
of the horticulture. Pakistan is exporting Kinnow to various countries.
• The exports amounted to USD 69,207,224 in the year 2009. In 2008-
09 Pakistan was the fifth largest exporter of citrus.

30. Future Status
• There are many factors which will determine the future scope of
horticulture in Pakistan. As we know that Pakistan is an agricultural
country and we can hope that future scope of horticulture in Pakistan
would be more and better.
• There are many problems with our today's horticultural world and
there is a strong need to eradicate these issues for much better future
world of horticulture.

31. International source
• International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS) is the
world's leading independent organization of horticultural scientists. Its
aim is "to promote and encourage research and education in all
branches of horticultural science and to facilitate cooperation and
knowledge transfer on a global scale through
its symposia and congresses (International Horticultural
Congress), publications and scientific structure." Membership is open
to all interested researchers, educators, students and horticultural
industry professionals