Metallurgy and materials Engineering, University of Punjab, Lahore

1. Poly Vinyl Chloride
(PVC)
Name Atta Ur Rehman
Roll No. 14 MME-S1-349
Semester 5th Morning
Dept. Metallurgy and Materials
. Engineering

2. Introduction to PVC
Poly Vinyl Chloride generally known as PVC. It was first invented by a German
chemist named Eugen Baumann in 1872. it is an important thermoplastic material
by considering its production and uses. The PVC products has two major types
that are rigid products and very flexible type products. It is unstable thermally at
high temperatures.
The rigid type products of PVC includes pipes, doors and windows etc.
Flexible type products include insulation of cables, plumbing, signage etc.
The physical state of PVC is solid of white color.

3. Preparation of PVC
Poly vinyl chloride can be prepared by the polymerization of vinyl
chloride.
Mer unit PVC is
(vinyl chloride)

4. Physical Properties of PVC
The physical properties of PVC is designated as rigid and flexible types;
 Density of PVC is = (1.3-1.45g/cm3 for rigid PVC) and (1.1-1.35g/cm3 for flexible PVC)
 Thermal conductivity = (0.14-0.28w/m.k for rigid) and (0.14-0.17w/m.k for flexible)
 Yield Strength = (4500-8700psi for rigid) and (1450-3600 for flexibe)
 Young’s Modulus = (490000psi for rigid type)
 Flexural Strength = (10500psi for rigid type)
 Compression Strength = (9500psi for rigid type)
 Coefficient of thermal expansion = ( 5 × 10−5 mm / mm°C)
 Resistivity = ( 10 16 Ωm for rigid type) and (10 12–10 15Ωm for Flexible type)

5. Polymerization methods
Suspension polymerization
over 80% of the PVC formed is from this method of polymerization.
It can also be formed from other polymerization techniques.
Emulsion polymerization
The amount of PVC formed from this method is nearly 12%.
Bulk Polymerization
Over 8% of PVC is formed from this technique.
Small amount of polyvinyl chloride can also be formed from solution
polymerization.

6. Applications Areas of PVC
Rigid type PVC Pipes
insulations Flexible types

7. Recent Research On PVC
Mixture of Linseed oil and gum rosin as a natural additive for polyvinylchloride.
Gum rosin is used to increase the viscosity of polyvinylchloride. While linseed oil
is taken as a natural plasticizer. New additives for PVC are also developed by
epoxidized rosin gum and linseed oil. The plasticized properties of PVC such as
thermal, optical and mechanical are also modulated by the Gum rosin. Different
tunable plastisols can be made by altering the ratio of both natural additives that
are used in renewable materials. FTIR technique is used for studying the structure
of these plastisols.

8. Conclusion
PVC is an important recyclable polymer. Now a days it had also replaced the building
materials such as wood, glass, metals etc in many fields. Its usage in world is increasing
day by day because of its economy, light weight, durability, ease of installation and
cleaning. It also has good insulation properties and used in insulating of cables. It is
mostly used in the manufacturing of pipes for both clean and waste water.
References
Polymer science and technology by JOEL. R. FRIED
Fundamentals of Polymer science An introductory text by PAUL.C.PAINTER and MICHEAL.M.COLEMAN
www.Sciencedirect.com