1. Economic Development
What is development?
Topic Red Amber Green
I know why GDP is used a measure of development
I know that GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is a more
representative indicator of wealth
I know that other factors (as well as GDP) should be
considered when assessing development
I know that HDI incorporates GDP along with life expectancy
and educational attainment
I know that the Brandt line is a useful starting point for
considering levels of development
I know that the concepts of a north-south divide is outdated
I know that countries move through different stages of
development
I know that there is a wide gap between the least developed
countries and the most developed
Case study:
I know about a specific development where conflicts exist
between economic development and environmental damage
How can development be affected by aid?
Topic Red Amber Green
I know that aid can take many different forms
I know that a range of different organisations offer aid
I know that to be successful, aid projects must be sustainable
Economic costs, the impact on the environment and the impact
on people are all important factors to consider when shaping
sustainable aid projects
I know that the Brandt line is a useful starting point for
considering levels of development
The most effective aid projects involve those receiving the aid
in terms of planning and implementation
Case study:
I know about an aid project in a LEDC:
How the aid project addresses a specific problem. This might
be a consequence of a disaster or as part of a development
programme
The case study should include detail on which organisations
are providing the aid and how the aid project is undertaken
The case study should include detail on how sustainable the
project will be

2. How employment is structured and what influences location
Topic Red Amber Green
I know a definition of each of the 4 broad sectors of industry
I know that countries at different levels of development have
different employment structures
I know examples of the employment structure of a range of
countries from LDCs through to MEDCs
I know the difference between jobs in the formal and informal
sector
I know that employment structures change over time
I know that high technology has created a new sector of
industry. This tends to be found in MEDCs
I know that a range of factors influence the location of
economic activity
I know at least one example of each industry type and why it
locates where it does
Case study:
I know about an industry in an LEDC
I know about an industry in an MEDC
What are multinationals and what impact do they have?
Topic Red Amber Green
I know what a multinational company is
I know the part these companies play in globalisation
I know selected examples of multinational companies
I know areas of the world where MNCs locate outside of their
home country
I know a range of positive impacts that MNCs bring when they
locate in a new country
I know a range of negative impacts that MNCs bring when they
locate in a new country
I know that multinational companies have their home base and
headquarters in MEDCs
Case study
I know about an MNC in an international context

3. Rivers and Coasts
Rivers
Topic Red Amber Green
I know all the stores and flows in the hydrological cycle
I understand how water flows through the land to rivers
in the drainage basin system
I know the main processes of weathering, erosion,
transportation and deposition and how these are found
in rivers
I understand how the features along the river are
formed
Case study:
I know the name of a river valley and the landforms
within it
Flooding
Topic Red Amber Green
I understand the different causes of flooding: physical
and human
I know how the effects of flooding can be different in
places with different characteristics
I know how rivers can be managed to reduce the risk of
flooding sustainably and that some strategies are more
sustainable than others
Case study:
I know the causes and effects of flooding in an MEDC
I know that causes and effects of flooding in an LEDC
Coasts
Topic Red Amber Green
I know the main processes found at the coastline:
weathering, erosion, transport and deposition
I know that geology influences the types of landforms
found at the coast
I know how cliffs, headlands, caves, arches, stacks,
beaches and spits are formed
Case study:
I know about one area of coast and what landforms are
found there

4. Protecting the coastline
Topic Red Amber Green
I know why coastal areas are vulnerable to erosion
I understand why coastlines need protection
I know how coastal areas are managed using hard
engineering techniques
I understand how coastal areas can be managed in a
sustainable way
Case study:
I know about an area of coastline that is managed,
including:
Reasons for protection
Measures taken
Effects (physical and human)
Conflicts

5. Natural Hazards
Overview
Topic Red Amber Green
I know how to define a natural hazard
I know that different types of natural hazard have
specific global distributions
I know that the movement of tectonic plates cause
earthquakes and volcanoes
I know that climatic conditions lead to tropical storms
and severe drought
The causes and effects of volcanic eruptions
Topic Red Amber Green
I know that volcanic eruptions can vary in intensity and
type
I know details about specific volcanoes in LEDCs and
MEDCs
I know that LEDCs are less well prepared for eruptions.
They often rely on aid when they occur
I know that MEDCs are well prepared for eruptions, but
the damage can still be severe
I know a variety of ways in which people can prepare for
volcanic eruptions
I know that eruptions have economic, social and
environmental impacts
I know what short-term impacts are
I know that a long-term recovery programme is often
necessary
Case study:
I know about a volcanic event in an LEDC
I know about a volcanic event in an MEDC
The causes and effects of earthquakes
Topic Red Amber Green
I know that earthquakes can vary in intensity and
magnitude
I know details about specific earthquakes in LEDCs and
MEDCs
I know that LEDCs are less well prepared for
earthquakes. They often rely on aid when they occur
I know that MEDCs are well prepared for earthquakes,
but the damage can still be severe
I know a variety of ways in which people can prepare for
earthquakes
I know how countries respond to the immediate effects
of an earthquake
I know how important it is to plan a long-term recovery

6. programme
I know why people continue to live in areas prone to
earthquakes
Case study:
I know about an earthquake event in an LEDC
I know about an earthquake event in an MEDC
The causes and effects of drought
Topic Red Amber Green
I know that drought can be short-lived, but that it can
also last for extended periods
I know that the severity of the effects of drought is
dependent on where it occurs
I know the causes of drought
I know that LEDCs struggle to cope with severe drought,
but that some measures can be taken to reduce the
impact
I know that MEDCs are experiencing drought on a more
regular basis, and that they are beginning to introduce
measures to reduce the effects
Case study:
I know about a drought in an LEDC
I know about a drought in an MEDC
The causes and effects of tropical storms
Topic Red Amber Green
I know the physical factors that allow a tropical storm to
develop
I know that they are seasonal and that the vary in
strength
I know that they are called different things in different
parts of the world
I know that the impact of tropical storms is dependent in
where they strike
I know that MEDCs have well developed warning
systems and sophisticated emergency response
systems
I know that LEDCs have less developed warning
systems and their response systems are more limited
Case study:
I know about a tropical storm in an LEDC
I know about a tropical storm in an MEDC