6. 13 year old Marietou collects her family's
water at the village's unprotected well. The
task of collecting water falls to women and
children, especially girls, who help their
mother's from an early age.
7. During the dry
season, women have to wait
hours before it is their turn to
fetch water. After waiting they
take bucketfuls of water
home. A single trek might
take three hours.
8. Most women collect 20 litres of water at a time, carrying
it home on their heads. This weighs 20kg the same as
the UK airport luggage allowance.
9. WaterAid in Mali
• WaterAid's programme in Mali began in 2000 and it now works with seven partner organisations
providing water, sanitation and hygiene support to communities in five out of Mali's eight regions
(Tombouctou, Gao, Mopti, Segou and Koulikoro) and in the capital city, Bamako.
• Communities are involved in all stages of these projects, from the planning through to
building, maintenance and management.
• In urban areas our partners are helping to establish communal tapstands that are linked to the
city's main water supplies. Community members pay a small amount to buy their water and this is
used to pay for the upkeep of the water point and for the wages of trained community members
who manage it.
• In rural areas WaterAid's projects focus on helping communities to deepen and protect hand-dug
wells and fit them with either handpumps or buckets and windlasses to ensure that the water is
not contaminated. Where possible broken handpumps are also mended.
• The Malian Government has been extremely supportive of WaterAid's work. Credit: WaterAid /
Daniel O'Leary Sanitation schemes include household latrines and school sanitation blocks.
• Hygiene education is carried out in a variety of ways - one approach is community soapmaking
through which women not only earn money and a new skill but also encourage good hygiene
among their communities. The simple act of washing hands with soap and water at key times such as after going to the loo and before eating - can reduce diarrhoeal diseases by over 40%.
• Revolving credit schemes have also been introduced to communities and these enable women to
buy buckets with lids which prevent water from becoming contaminated on the journey home.
• WaterAid aims to target the most vulnerable sections of society in Mali - the poorest and the most
marginalised, including women, the elderly, disabled and those living with HIV/AIDS. To assist with
this, research into gender was carried out in 2005 and a project has also been developed to work
with disabled people.
• The vulnerability ranking system, initiated by WaterAid in Nigeria, has also been introduced in Mali
to ensure projects are equitable. This system enables communities to decide how much each
member pays for water, based on their financial situation, to ensure resources are allocated fairly.
11. Computers (Kenya)
Computers for Schools Kenya
Computers for Schools Kenya was established as a non-profit organisation to
facilitate the productive and sustainable use of computers in education on
a national level in Kenya's secondary schools.
Since August 2002 Computers for Schools Kenya has installed over 3,000
high-quality, fully refurbished PCs into Kenyan state secondary schools.
Computers for Schools Kenya also advises upon and assess the
preparedness of each school's infrastructure and provides ongoing timely
technical support to recipient schools.
Who benefits?
The project will ensure an equitable balance of distribution between rural
and urban schools, girls and boys institutions and ensure the inclusion of
marginalised sectors, and schools for children with disabilities.
Over the coming months Computer Aid International (through the generous
financial support of a UK trust) will provide 450 professionally refurbished
Pentium 4 computers needed for this project.
12. “Students need to learn the details of a
case study of an aid project in an LEDC.
They should be able to comment about
its sustainability in terms of economic
costs, impacts on the environment and
effects on people.”
13. A case study from an LEDC to illustrate
the factors that affect the location of
different types of economic activity.
14. Case Study 1 – LEDC, Primary
Activity, Copper mining in Zambia
18. Hello, I’m Clinton.
Who works in theIn mine?can see
my poster you
that...
Lots of our parents work
down the mine! It has
brought so much money to
our area. My Father is a
miner and the money pays
for my school fees
23. Why are the mines where they are?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Raw materials
Water and power supplies
Accessibility of transport and communications
Capital
Labour
Market
35. Task
• Write a report for the Ethiopian government
outlining the likely costs and benefits that may
result from a multi-million dollar mine in the
Welega region.
36.
37. A case study of a specific development
where conflicts exist between
economic development and
environmental damage.
40. Task
• Watch the video (33) on the Aral Sea disaster
• Make notes on
– Causes
– Consequences
– Solutions
41.
42. The importance of
Remote Sensing
Updated image
now showing
recovery in
Kazakhstan
side due to
the Dam
43. • The waters of the Aral Sea
appear emerald green and black
in this image, captured by the
MODIS on the Terra satellite on
October 5, 2008. The Aral Sea
islocated in Kazakhstan (north)
and Uzbekistan (south).
• The Aral Sea has been shrinking
since the 1960s and 70s when
the two main rivers that feed it the Amudar'ya and the Syrdar'ya
- were diverted to support
agricultural endeavors - mainly
rice and cotton. As a result of
the shrinkage, the Aral sea has
been split into the North and
South Aral Seas. The South Aral
Sea has also been split in two as
well. The right side of the South
Aral Sea has a great deal of dry
lake bed visible, as well as
sediment. The two red dots are
the locations of active fires.
44. Task
Write up your notes as a case study card:
- Context statement = an example of the effect of
economic activities on the environment)
- Causes
- Consequences
- Solutions
- Location (map)
- The importance of Remote Sensing
- Key facts
45. Aral Sea Disaster: A case study of how
economic activity can lead to environmental
problems
Causes
Location map
Consequences
Key facts/what is going
on here?
The importance of
remote sensing
Solutions
