Who Invented The Guillotine

Who Invented The Guillotine
The idea of the guillotine was first proposed on March 23, 1792 (Farcy et al.). The purpose of this machine was for a quick and painless death. Many
other propositions were made that included death by suffocation and strangling (Farcy et al.). Although this tortuous device could be seen in various
places in France; it was never mass produced ("Guillotine"). Guillotines were crafter by local carpenters with the assistance of a blacksmith for the
blade ("Guillotine"). Dr. Joseph Ignace Guillotin proposed this execution device by recognizing an older form of it called the mannaia, which
originated from Ireland ("Guillotine"). After much consideration, Tobias Schmidt build the first working model of the guillotine ("Guillotine"). A
guillotine
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The Reign of Terror: Was it Justified?
As more peoples blood is split to gain the rights not extended to them, the Terror grows becoming more and more gruesome. The French revolution
began in late 1789 to obtain the rights that every citizen in born with. The motto of the French was liberty, equality, or death and the price to be paid
for the civil liberties was blood. The revolutionary leader Robespierre and journalist Marat explained the more blood the better so that was what raged
the people and started the Reign of Terror. Were the values expressed by theFrench Revolution necessary though? Even though, the French Revolution
saw the Terror as a sign to create peace and restore a new France it was not justified because the extremities of the internal and external threats ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Doc F) As all hell broke loose within France it was the cause of the Reign of Terror which overall, was not justified. The French Revolution was
spreading and Prussia and Austria had grown fearful; therefore, to stop the spreading of the revolution the countries waged war against France, gaining
land, troops, and power bringing fear to the French. The neighboring countries in the awakening of the revolution, August 1791, formed an alliance
wreaking havoc in the French cities. (Doc A) When the guillotining of Louis the 16th occurred Austria became fearful and angry hoping for the safety
of the queen and beloved sister Marie Antoinette. (Doc A) The raging war went on for many years but in 1794 the invasion of foreign enemies grew
short and the French are close to stopping them. (Doc A) In the words of Robespierre "We must smother the ... external enemies of the Republic or
perish."(Doc G) Initially, the methods of the Terror became too extreme as Robespierre's thirst for blood and power grew. In October 1793, the
pro–revolutionaries decided to make an example of the counterrevolutionaries by setting their homes on fire and chopped off 12 heads within five
minutes. (Doc C) As a way to protest and change the society that most French despised government officials changed holidays, events, and the calendar.
In 1793, a revolutionary campaign against the Catholic Church Sundays were abolished, Christmas, Easter, every Christian

The Stranger by Albert Camus
In the novel, The Stranger by Albert Camus, Meursault the protagonist, becomes drawn into a "senseless" murder that has to face the absurdity of
life and because of his actions, Meursault is presented as a danger due to his lack of "morality" to society. Meursault who is not able to take control
of his life but respond to what life offers him believes in the simplicity of life. He tries to understand the living through logic and objectivity, which
ultimately turns futile, as he himself cannot maintain proper control over his thoughts and emotions. From the interactions between Marie, to the
murder of the Arab, and the meeting with the Chaplain, Meursault overcomes his indifferent views to form an opinion about what life really means.
The central theme presented by Camus is how the threat of mortality becomes a catalyst for understanding the significance of life. In Part 1 of the
novel, Meursault does not fully grasp the significance of life because of his absurdist way of life. Camus presents Meursault as a person who does not
live life, but reacts to what life presents him. Meursault is incapable of understanding the metaphysics of the world due to his lack of emotions. The
greatest understanding of Meursault is through his own mind; instead of being subjective, he is objective. "Behind them, an enormous mother, in a
brown silk dress, and the father, a rather frail little man I know by sight" (22). His thoughts include "note–taking" details about his environment with an

When: The Guillotine In France
I Was There When...
I was there when the king and queen of France were decapitated by the guillotine. I was there. I remember. The king was beheaded first, since he was
marked with treason, and leaving his country. The queen was to be beheaded next and she caused everything to go wrong in France. Marie Antoinette
was her name. She spent money on everything from clothing to drawings of hairstyles.
For those of you, I know don't remember, France was in debt, it was the time of the French Revolution. The Enlightenment was all the rage. No
violence, we were all supposed to be at peace...So why was the guillotine here?
Well, France's "police force" as it were, was thinking of new punishments...in the humanist of ways. The guillotine was humane as far as French
standards.
Now, back to where I was. I, a beggar in the streets, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Next thing I know, there was criminals carriage, as it were in the streets. I noticed a woman in there, and she looked very pale and was silent and her
hair was gray and matted.
As she was carried, in French the other people shouted swears at her, it was terrible, I almost felt sorry, as I do for most criminals, not that I agree with
their wrong–doing, I just see it hurts them. I then heard who she was, Queen Marie Antoinette.
For causing so much debt of France, she wasn't given the treatment her deceased husband was. She was trialed as a criminal. The soldiers set her up
on the slab as well, and as they pushed her through underneath the blade, she never said one word, and all around were blaring out swears. I never said
one word. I hid. Soon after, or somewhere right in between the decapitation, there was this huge thing about the great fear.
A very mean man caused as this to happen, the guillotine and the death, the blood, and the violence. His name was Robespierre. And came to power
why Marie Antoinette spent millions. He was hoping to save France, but in reality, made it

The War Of The French Revolution
Corey Simms
Mrs. J
Modern History
March 19, 2015
Justified or Nahh
Bertrand Russell once said, "war does not determine who is right–only who is left." A bloodshed event in modern European History, the French
Revolution began in 1789 and ended in the late 1790s with the ascent of Napoleon Bonaparte. During this period, French citizens razed and redesigned
their country's political landscape, uprooting centuries–old institutions such as absolute monarchy and the feudal system. Like the American Revolution
before it, the French
Revolution was influenced by enlightenment ideas, particularly the concepts of popular sovereignty and inalienable rights. Although it failed to
achieve all of its goals and at times degenerated into a chaotic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These are liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression." (Dec. of Rights) This means the government should
provide security which is safety for the people when they're stating a difference in opinion. For example, even the King and Queen, and Robespierre
were not safe or protected from the guillotine. This article explains how people who disagree with the government should go unpunished. During the
reign of terror people were punished for exercising their basic rights. The
Reign of Terror was unjustified and so were their methods.
The government used extreme methods during the reign of terror, and tried to change laws to support what they believed in. "Judgment of last resort:
the local court has final say.
Therefore can be no appeal, even for a death by guillotine conviction." (Letter from the vendee)
The government is trying to take away people's rights, and kill whoever they claim not fit to live in their society. The government is trying to change
the laws to justify killing the poor and people who disagree with them. This method goes in direct violation with the (Dec. of Rights).
For example, article 7 says "no person shall be accused, arrested, or imprisoned, except in cases
[allowed] by law." Another example comes from the same source but article 9 "all person are held innocent until they shall have been declared guilty."
Judgment of last resort clearly violates everyone's rights and therefore is unjustified. Louis XVI

Symbolism In A Tale Of Two Cities By Charles Dickens
The wine of the aristocrats was made by the vine; the wine of the peasants was made by the guillotine. The novel "A Tale of Two Cities" by
Charles Dickens presents this all too real society, and the story of a group of brave and loving people who live in it. All throughout the novel, the
symbolism of wine as blood is pushed upon us, starting out during a seemingly joyous occasion: a cask of wine is dropped outside of a wine–shop and
it breaks open allowing the impoverished to get wine out of the muddy puddles in the streets. This scene within itself seems oddly out of place in the
story – it doesn't really do much to introduce any characters, it isn't really important to the plot that this specific cart dropped wine, etc. – however, this
scene is no less violent than the beheadings and mobbs. You see, the real violence in this seemingly innocent scene is not in the actual events, but in the
meaning behind it. "A shrill sound of laughter and of amused voices–voices of men, women, and children–resounded in the street while this wine game
lasted. There was little roughness in the sport, and much playfulness. There was a special companionship in it, an observable inclination on the part of
everyone to join some other one, which led, especially among the luckier or lighter–hearted, to frolicsome embraces, drinking of healths, shaking of
hands, and even joining of hands and dancing, a dozen together." When first reading this passage we haven't really heard much about wine,

Economic Causes Of The French Revolution
The French Revolution was caused by many social, economic, and political causes. The Revolution began in 1789 and ended in 1814 just as
Napoleon came to power. France and other nations were affected as a result of the outcome of the Revolution. The most prominent problem in France
was the monarchy. King Louis XIV was a selfish, arrogant, foolish ruler who only took into account his selfish needs. He, along with his Austrian wife,
Marie Antionette, lived in the Palace of Versailles, where they lived luxurious lives without a clue or care about what was going on with the rest of his
country. According to Document 1, Louis was known as a "divine ruler," which is defined with the divine right theory, which is the theory that the king
received his power directly from God. This theory blinded the French citizens for the longest time. But when the ideas of the Enlightenment came
about, the people realized that were being mistreated and then started to question authority. Those mostly inspired by the Enlightenment meant were
members of the Third Estate. The cause of the French Revolution can be attributed to the divergence and economic problems that existed in France at
the time. The Third estate made up 98% of France's populations and owned a majority of the land, 65% to be exact, yet they were treated unfairly in
society. (Doc 2) The Third Estate payed a majority of taxes and most of the profit they make was given to the nobility as payment for their rent. In
document 3, a

Justification Of Terror Dbq
Format:
Title –
Picture
Quote
Explanation (3ish sentences)
PANEL 1
The Privileges of Corruption
Insert image of 1st and 2nd estate riding back of or in cart being pulled by 3 estate
"... Has nobody observed that as soon as the government becomes the property of a separate class, it starts to grow out of all proportion and that posts
are created not to meet the needs of the governed but of those who govern them?..." (SieyГЁs).
Emmanuel SiyГЁs argued that the privileges of the aristocracy essentially established it as a foreign body outside of the commonwealth of France. He
denounced the nobility by declaring that it had been able to reap the rewards of the working class without providing any contributions to society.
Moreover, he said that the nobility was able to do away with these "act[s] of treason to the commonwealth" because it became so powerful, both
politically and socially, allowing it to manipulate the government into benefitting solely itself ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By punishing traitors and conspirators, particularly if they are deputies or administrators; by sending loyal troops under patriotic leaders to subdue
the aristocrats of... [all] regions in which the standards of rebellion and royalism have been raised; and by making frightful examples of all scoundrels
who have outraged liberty and spilled the blood of patriots" (Robespierre, Despotism in Defense of Liberty).
As the Reign of Terrorcame into effect, triggering the most radical phase of the Revolution, Maximilien Robespierre was determined to reconstruct
France as a new republican democracy. According to Robespierre, this system could only be achieved if every and all forms of resistance to the
Republic were to be eradicated. He declared that anyone who did not support the revolution as radically as he did was a traitor, a threat to the country,
and deserved to be executed.

PANEL 6
Revolutionary Razor
Image portrayed in slide

A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens
A Tale of Two Cities has several recurring themes, including the failure of the French Revolution. In the book, the peasants defeated the aristocrats by
imprisoning and murdering them. Although many of the imprisonments and executions were unjust, the peasants had gain complete power. The
peasants' revolution did not end the tyranny that existed with the aristocrats ruling, but created a new tyranny with lack of justice and mercy.
Dickens uses the evil Monsieur the Marquis to represent the tyrannical French aristocracy. The Marquis recklessly runs over and kills a peasant child.
Dickens shows his lack of any sympathy and mercy for the peasants at this scene by stating, "Monsieur the Marquis ran his eyes over them all, as if
they had been mere rats come out of their holes." He thinks of the peasants as nothing more than rats as do the entire French aristocracy. However, the
revolution does not result in any positive change. After the peasants obtained power, they have the same lack of sympathy and mercy toward the
aristocracy or enemies of the Republic. In Lucie's conversation with the Wood–Sawyer, we see he is no better than Monsieur the Marquis, as he takes
joy in the execution of aristocrat children. "I call myself the Samson of the firewood guillotine. See here again! Loo, loo, loo; Loo, loo, loo! And off
HER head comes! Now, a child. Tickle, tickle; Pickle, pickle! And off ITS head comes. All the family!"
Dickens uses symbols and motifs to support his theme of

Effects Of Guillotine On The French Revolution
Imagine this, you're in a golden palace in the most beautiful city in all of France looking down every corridor at all the luxuries and peering out
onto the beautifully paved streets! Well, it used to not be that way, It used to be Heaven, a Heaven full of trash, manure, mud, sewage, germs, and
blood, lots of blood. So much blood that certain parts were permanently stained and this blood wasn't animals blood. It was the blood of hundreds of
thousands of severed heads that filled France and conquered the monarchy leaving a filthy stench in its wake. This was all thanks to the guillotine, the
modernized way for the death sentence and capital punishment So over all the guillotine got its name from being a humane way to execute, the
executioners ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The people in charge of the beheading was "the committee of safety", they were also the government of France at the time. During the reign of
terror 300,000 suspects were arrested, 17,000 were officially executed, and 10,000 died in prison or without a trial. The guillotine was the prime
symbol of the reign of terror, this terror was led by Maximilien Robespierre and he truly showed terror. at this point in time if you used to be an
aristocrat then you were likely dead unless you hide in some exotic place where they couldn't find you. Even the king and queen were executed the
same as any other person, through the guillotine. Even Robespierre himself was killed by the guillotine. During the reign of terror, France was
heaven, a heaven of trash, manure, mud, sewage, germs, and blood, lots of blood. also, witnesses say the basket they used to catch the decapitated
heads was dark red, stained with the blood of the victims. To conclude the guillotine had a major influence on

Reign Of Terror Dbq
The Reign of Terror. During the French Revolution and the reign of King Louis XVI, was what happened necessary? Did it work? Was it justified?
Was it really necessary to kill 40,000+ people, just to decide what government a country shall hold? In my opinion, and I hope many other opinions,
the answer is no. A vast majority of the deaths at this time were the doing of the guillotine. The guillotine was a machine created by Joseph–Ignace
Guillotin and was used for executions by beheading. The guillotine was created as a result of the French Revolution. His reign was dreadful and Louis
XVI's horrible kingsmanship lead to the French Revolution, so really the guillotine was created because of King Louis XVI. I believe the Reign of
Terror was not ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's ridiculous that people are arrested and killed for absolutely no reason. How come the articles that the Republic wrote in the declaration, don't
apply to the Republic. In the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizens, it has many articles, but some of them I was given are,"Article 1: Men
are born and remain free and equal in rights." It doesn't seem as if the people during the Reign of Terror are free. Article 2 says," The aim of all is
the preservation of the natural rights of man. These are liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression." During the Reign of Terror most
commoners didn't have much freedom to these rights. Some of the higher, wealthier people may be closer to achieving these rights. Article 7
says,"No person shall be accused, arrested, or imprisoned, except in the cases allowed by law." MANY MANY people were accused arrested and even
killed and the cases weren't necessarily allowed by law. I could go on and on about the articles and how they are all broken by the Republic but it
would make this essay way too

La Guillotine Essay
In addition, Dickens includes many anaphoras in his writing to describe how a female was seen as a form power instead of weakness. Firstly, the
Revolutionaries' mass murder weapon is described as "the sharp female called La Guillotine" in Dickens' writing (212). Throughout the novel, the
personification of a female weapon is repeated to put emphasis on the new perception of the strength of women. The Guillotine is a merciless machine,
killing many day after day, similar to how many women participated in the bloodshed that ensued. Dickens uses this repeated symbol to define women
as powerful machines who execute the task at hand without wavering. According to Dickens, no longer is a woman an individual, with the ability to
console and have... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These individuals with extreme power were defeated partially because of the lower–class females, a group of individuals who had never before taken
control over the people, as they were viewed as incapable. Lastly, Madame Defarge's constant obsession with killing all who have hurt her
personally and her class, is repeated multiple times in the novel. As the novel progresses, Madame Defarge becomes more obsessed and blood
thirsty until she reaches one man , who she believes is worth killing after she simply "[observes] his face"(263). She goes on to demand that her
husband allow her to "take care of his face."(263) It is clear that Madame Defarge has reached a point of hysteria that makes her an extremely
bloodthirsty individual, constantly searching for victims. Dickens uses Madame Defarge once again, to explain the extreme amounts of killings that
were due to a woman's decision. Through Dickens' repetition of these phrases however, the reader can understand the power that women were able to
execute over other females and the men, as the idea of a powerful female is visited multiple times throughout the

Theme Of Execution At The Guillotine By Louis Capet
21st January 1793: the day that Louis Capet would wake up and realise it would be his last. Helman's painting illustrates Capet's execution at the
guillotine and exposes the haunting and violent side of the French Revolution. When looking at Helman's work, the viewer can see the large crowds
that flocked to the square, then known as the Place de la Revolution, to see their former King become a victim to the guillotine. Louis Capet, formerly
known as King Louis XVI of France, was found guilty of 'supporting rebels inside and Г©migrГ©s outside revolutionary France and for his
negotiations with foreign powers planning and then actually engaged in an invasion of the country.' Helman's work carries a great importance as it
gives the viewer an insight into the violence, conflict and social division that defined the French Revolution.
Helman exhibits a theme of violence by using graphic imagery: a large crowd looking up to a guillotine and a decapitated head being displayed to the
audience. The execution marked the demise of the royal existence and was emblematic of the victory of the French Revolution. The appearance of the
guillotine is notable because some academics, like Arasse, believe that it is 'one of the key images by which the French Revolution has been
represented.' It is interesting the artist has chosen to present the guillotine at a larger scale than the people, and nearly as grand as the governmental
buildings in the background. This technique is effective because it

Causes Of The Reign Of Terror
The Reign of Terror was one of history's symbolic events that have changed the world for the better. Have started with King Louis XVI's reign in
1789 to 1793 (document B); which lead France down a rabbit hole of poverty, starvation of the people, and an unfair tax system (background essay).
All of France's problems have manifested into something that King Louis has done, but cannot stop. With the help of Maximilien Robespierre, the
Reign of Terrorwas declared to fix a corrupted government. The Reign of Terror was justified to rebuild the government that problems that Louis XVI
created. With the help of Robespierre and the death contraption known as the guillotine, the Reign of Terror served it's purpose and helped France with
its ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With King Louis XVI making the bad decisions, acknowledgement was to be done to fix corruption in government. As said in document A, "The
representatives of the French people believed that the ignorance, neglect, or contempt of the rights of man are the sole causes of public calamities and
the corruption of the government." King Louis was a poor absolute monarch during the 1780's (document B) juggling France's unfair tax system and
poverty (background essay). This relates back to representatives of the French people's beliefs of a corrupted government. Seen throughout the Reign
of Terror, the reign of Robespierre, and King Louis XVI reign, corruption of government is through ignorance, neglect, or contempt of the rights of man
(document B). Although power has been taken advantaged of through absolute monarchs, they have changed history for better. Without their abuse of
power, the Reign of Terror wouldn't have ended and solved the problems France was facing. During the year of 1793, Maximilien Robespierre was
appointed by the Committee of Public Safety (Document B) to bring all the chaos that the French Revolution caused to a close, but Robespierre had his
own agenda. As of September 5, 1793 Robespierre did just that and declared "Terror the order of the day;" beginning of Reign of Terror. As stated in
document G, Robespierre

French Revolution A Tale Of Two Cities
French Revolution
The French Revolution is considered by most historians as a major turning point in World History. Many major shifts took place in France, causing
many uproars by the people of France. In A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens he stated, "Liberty, equality, fraternity, or death;
– the last, much the
easiest to bestow, O Guillotine!" Charles Dickens, along with many other Frenchmen, were dedicated to their cause and would not let their voices go
quietly into the night, no matter the consequence. This lead to changes not only in the French government, but lead to changes within the world.
Before the French Revolution, the Third Estate, or the lower class, were the only ones to pay taxes. During Louis XVI's reign, the

Was The Reign Of Terror Justified Analysis
Was the Reign of Terror Justified?
Fear is something very powerful that can control and manipulate anyone no matter who the person is. Fear was one of the main things everyone felt
in the French Revolution. Due to fear many people were drawn to do many things they did not want but were forced to do The Declaration of Rights
of Man and Citizens declared "Men are born and remain free and equal in rights" (DocA).If this is so why did some men have their rights taken away
and why were they violate? The French Revolution was not justified because People rights were violated, there were inhumane methods, and it broke
the enlightenment ideals.
During the French Revolution people had their rights violated and taken away one law contributing to

Pros And Cons Of Guillotine
Annually, America spends trillions of dollars on health care. To be more specific, roughly ten thousand U.S. dollars is used per person. However,
health care fraud costs our nation about sixty–eight billion dollars every year. Being that, thousands of families are exploited and forced to undergo
risky medical procedures. In addition, an individual's lawful insurance information and private medical record are used as false claims against them.
As a result, it is worrisome seeing a family who could afford the means easily but still embezzles a member ID card that does not belong to them;
while single mothers with several children are being rightful and properly paying for Medicaid or other programs while they have a low–income
salary. I agree... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One disadvantage that I am concerned for are the ethical concerns. To be more specific, I know one concern from the public may be the idea of
using the guillotine. I do believe that the guillotine would inflict pain towards the families and friends of the deceased. However, there is no
evidence regarding the pain in the victim. In fact, the process is precise and quick when it comes to beheading the convicted individual. Hence, I
theorize the most pain may be a pinch in the neck. Secondly, some people may consider the disadvantages of limiting the number of families and
health care programs across the nation. In my opinion, creating a limit allows more effective regulations and stricter policies will arise. In other
words, there would be fewer numbers of people the government and other medical programs needs to keep track off for a given time. This benefits
everyone as the qualification and availability of health care becomes more organized and transfers U.S. money to only specific health programs that
are seen honorable. However, the availability of health care gets limited exponentially. To resolve it, the spots with available health care is still
maintained but also rotates like a job shift etc. In addition, the idea of national selection occurs towards individuals who can't wait for health care, and
our population profits by dropping unneeded

The Guillotine During The French Revolution
The Guillotine The dark shadow casted over the French revolution that cured everyone headaches: the guillotine, a new and common form of execution
during the French revolution. It terminated thousands of lives, including Marie – Antoinette and King Louis XVI. Prior to the French Revolution the
guillotine was not used as punishment, but then used as a horrific form of entertainment and then ultimately abolished in the early eighties. The
guillotine today is known as an inhumane, gruesome form of punishment. However, before the revolution, it was not used as a punishment, but an
easy way to end your life and get rid of the demons. Prior to the revolution, it only executed the upper class because they are the only ones able to
afford it. The purpose originally being a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the French revolution the people of France are bloodthirsty, which meant they enjoyed seeing murders and deaths take place. Whenever
somebody is executed at the guillotine hundreds of citizens would come to watch. Here they would also dress up and drink wine; the symbol of
blood. By the time the French revolution began the guillotine moved to a more centralized location, La Place de Concorde. The people of France
enjoyed the guillotine because it represented equal punishment. Since the peasants and the nobility, both had the same form of punishment, the
guillotine is seen as a place where all the people could come together despite their social differences. Among all of the deaths the most prominent
assassinations are those of prisoners. Prisoners are often the ones being executed, whether it is their punishment, or after they are held prisoner for
several years. Since these murders are seen as entertainment, the mobs of people would get angry when a prisoner did not get punished with the
guillotine. Once the reign of terror ended in 1794 the demand for the guillotine began to

Inhumanity Of Man In A Tale Of Two Cities
Man's Inhumanity to Man: Corruption Runs Deep Charles Dickens composed many great novels, including A Tale of Two Cities. Dickens combats
social injustice using great suspense and complex metaphors, leaving room for thought. There are three series of scenes which perfectly exemplify
man's inhumanity to man throughout the course of this novel. These scenes are used by Dickens to underline the inhumanity of mankind. The cycle of
man's inhumanity to his fellow man leads to the dehumanization of each man to another and is exhibited through the lives of the Monseigneurs, the
execution of the prisoners, and the trials of Charles Darnay. The aristocracy's lack of consideration for the poor is clearly illustrated through the
lifestyles and actions... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There were a total of three trials for Darnay throughout the course of this novel. All of these trials had the possibility of a horrible sentence for
Darnay. The first trial was called for the suspicion of treason and he was almost guaranteed to be found guilty. People from all around came to the court
to watch this trial as if it were a play or show. "For people then payed to see the play at the Old Bailey, just as they pay to see the play in Bedlam– only
the former entertainment was much dearer" (45). Dickens supports the thought of people seeing trials as some form of entertainment, by comparing
seeing a trial at a courthouse to seeing a play at a theatre. People would get just as excited about seeing the new play as they did by a trial. Dickens
states, "When the Attorney–General ceased, a buzz arose in the court as if a cloud of great blue–flies were swarming about the prisoner, in anticipation
of what he was soon to become" (50). The blue flies represent the "buzz" of the courtroom and how people are getting very excited about what the
result of this trial may be. By comparing people to blue flies, Dickens clearly indicates to the reader that the people witnessing this trial do not take it
as a serious matter and are more or less gossiping about the matter. They take the matter of this so lightly that in their eyes, Darnay is no longer seen as
a human with a precious

The Reign Of Terror In The French Revolution
The Reign of Terror in the French Revolution The distinct period of the French Revolution that occurred between September 5, 1793 and July 27,
1794 was called "The Reign of Terror", or "La Terreur"(EncyclopГ¦dia Brittanica, 2018). This was, by far, the most gruesome and belligerent time of
the revolution, giving a perfect explanation of its name. According to EncyclopГ¦dia Brittanica, at least 300,000 suspects were arrested, 17,000
executed, and about 10,000 suspects died in prison without a trial (2018). This period of adversity came about mainly due to the creation of the
National Convention, which brought an end to France's monarchy by voting the execution of King Louis XVI. They later split in to three opposing
groups: The radical Jacobins,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The other law of great significance that was made was the Law of Suspects. This law went into action in September 1793 and pronounced the detention
of anyone who was suspected of doing one of six different things. Some of these treasonous actions include, hoarding grain, keeping rebellious
documents, hiding suspects, speaking disparagingly of the government, and conscription (Alpha History, 2016). These two laws set the foundation for
the terror that took root in the minds of the French citizens, especially those in the third estate, because anybody suspected could be sent to the guillotine
; This killing spree was especially evident in Paris which was home to the guillotine (Atlas Obscura, 2018). Some influential lives that were lost to this
"National Razor" during the terror include Marie Antoinette, Girondin leader, Jacques Brissot, Jacobin leader, Antione Barnave, and the assassin,
Jean–Paul Marat (Alpha History, 2016). After these laws were passed, the number of executions skyrocketed. In fact, the streets of the Place de la
RГ©volution became so congested with blood due to the excising that the government felt it necessary to switch the location of the guillotine (Alpha
History,

A Tale Of Two Cities Essay
Capitol Punishment: Toy of Evil Men
One might believe that because capital punishment plays such a large role in Charles Dickens' A Tale Of Two Cities, that Dickens himself is a
supporter of it. This just simply is not true. Dickens uses capitol punishment as a tool to define the evil embodied in both the French ruling class, and
the opposing lower class during the French Revolution; as well as comment on the sheep–like nature of humankind.
In the beginning of the novel, capital punishment serves as the "cure–all" for France's social problems. After all, "death is nature's
remedy for all things, and why not legislation's?" (62). It is this attitude that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"They are murdering the prisoners," says Mr. Lorry to Darnay after arriving in France (260). Again Dickens uses capitol punishment as a
way to show the reader the atrocities that humanity can create when consumed with hatred and evil. Dickens can be seen approaching the subject of
the guillotine with cynical sarcasm when he writes, "it was the popular theme for jests; it was the best cure for headache, it infallibly prevented
the hair from turning gray...who kissed La Guillotine looked through the little window and sneezed into the sack" (271). Just as with the
Aristocrats, Dickens does not condone the Jacques use of capital punishment. His disdain is apparent in his tone; which gnaws away at any inkling the
reader may have that the treatment of the prisoners is fair.
Capital punishment is also used as a social commentary by showing how people cling to the popular attitudes and beliefs of the day. People are quick to
adopt the guillotine as their new savior. Dickens articulates the common attitude towards this when he writes, "[the guillotine] was the sign of the
regeneration of the human race. It superseded the cross" (271). These "followers of the guillotine" are ruthless in their quest for
blood as they shout "Take off his head...an enemy to the republic!" (280). By showing the ridiculous manner in which the people of France
behave, Dickens teaches us a lesson about

How Did The Reign Of Terror Impact Society
The Impact of the Reign of Terror
Many people believe that the Reign of Terror was just a bloody time where several citizens living in France were executed for small crimes, but it
actually had a profound impact on the society and country as a whole. The Reign of Terror was a time where people who opposed the Committee of
Public Safety were being executed, usually by the guillotine. The Committee was led by a man named Maximilien Robespierre who believed in a
"republic of virtue" by cleansing France from the supporters of the King. This period of chaos and bloodshed impacted society extremely, and it also
started wars and developed the government of France. Overall, this bloody period of the French Revolution had an extreme societal and national impact.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the Reign of Terror, an extreme amount of innocent people died to the guillotine. Because they were believed to be royalists and opposing the
Committee or supporting King Louis XVI, these countless, innocent individuals were publicly shamed as they were being carried to the guillotine by
a tumbrel. Since faultless people were being killed everyday, this sparked fear in the French people, as anyone could be captured and killed by the
Committee. At the end of the Reign of Terror, which lasted for ten months, from September 5, 1793, to July 27, 1794, an estimated amount of 40,000
people were killed and executed by the guillotine. This shows that the Reign of Terror's brutality and ruthlessness promoted fear in the French citizens
because once the people realized that no one was safe from the Committee and the guillotine, it overpowered their lives with trepidation. For having
thousands of innocent human beings executed for wrong reasons and thereby sparking fear throughout the population, the Reign of Terror became the
detriment to the French society in the

The Negative Reasons Of The Reign Of Terror
The Reign of Terror, the fight for freedom, that caused the complete opposite. The Reign of Terror was considered a period of remorseless
repression and bloodshed. As of 1793 the newly acclaimed National Convention of France declared their first actions to be of those that destroy
monarchy and create a republic. With inside and outside threats arising King Louis XVI, left France in hope of safety in his wife's country of Austria.
At the border of France he was caught. He was tried and executed for grounds of treason by newly acclaimed leader Maximilien Robespierre. After the
execution of a poisoned monarch and newly created laws, France's economy began to improve, until Robespierre grew paranoid. Through 1793–1794,
he began killing anyone that he believed did not agree with him. He killed more than 40,000 people. Was the death of 40,000 people truly the cost of
freedom and human rights? The Reign of Terror was and should not be justified due to the reasons that it was not required, it removed freedom and
human rights, and had a negative outcome on France.
The Reign of Terror was not justified due to the reason that it was not required."By the fall of 1793 the foreign threat was halted. By May,1794,
French victory was near." By 1794 the war against Prussian and Austrian forces was coming to a close. With the war coming to a close, France could
begin to solve the problems back home. Between Robespierre and French leaders, freedom and human rights could begin to be

The Reign Of Terror: Was It Justified?
The Reign of Terror: Was it Justified? In 1789, the French Revolution began because of lack of food, money, and jobs in France and from influence
from the American revolution and the Age of Enlightenment. By 1793, the National Convention wrote the Republican Constitution and beheaded King
Louis XVI for treason by guillotine. Maximilien Robespierre took control of the National Convention and the country. He changed France with his
words but he eventually would be one of the last victims of the guillotine. No less than five years later, Napoleon took control and changed France to
an empire. During the Reign of Terrorthere was over 40,000 deaths by guillotine, which was considered to be a humane way of killing. Was the Reign
of Terror and all ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
From a timeline of the Reign of Terror, in 1789 the French country had an absolute monarchy. Then in 1792, the goal of having a Constitutional
Republic was completed (Document B). From 843 AD to 1792 France had a monarchy and the move from a monarchy to a republic was a huge
step in the right direction for France. The Reign of Terror was necessary to help the change become smoother because there was a strong
revolutionary government and had a humane way of keeping the government alive by killing some of the enemy "citizens". One of the leaders of
this revolutionary government was Maximilien Robespierre, he believed that the most effective way of governing, comes from the people. In 1794,
he made a Report of the Principles of Public Morality to the National Convention. His most powerful weapon, wasn't the guillotine, but his words. He
describes how one must finish fighting for liberty against tyranny to complete a revolution and to complete the goal of having a Constitutional
Republic. He also reports that the only citizens in a republic, are republicans, so the conspirators are no longer citizens, but enemies (Document G).
Some of these enemies are the nobility and the clergy, because they only wanted what was best for them and their social groups, not what was best for
the Republic. The fight against tyranny was not over till there were only republicans in the republic. The government leaders and courts made sure of
this by using the guillotine. By getting rid of their enemies, France had a Constitutional Republic after the Reign of Terror. This is justified because the
Constitutional Republic's leaders were making sure that they got rid of all the Republic's enemies and keeping their government safe, just like
countries want to do

Significance Of The Guillotine In A Tale Of Two Cities
Throughout Dickens' A Tale of Two Cities, the guillotine is a persisting symbol of the French Revolution. It represents the revolutionary violence
through which humanity loses its religious morality and a new, savage standard is created. By looking at the passage as a Student of Literature, the
revolutionists, straying from ethics and God, are depicted through religious allusions. A Historian lens reveals Dickens condemnation of the
bloodthirsty revolution that has normalized violence and stripped the people of humanity.
Dickens contrasts Christian images and the guillotine to depict the revolution's immorality and deviation from God's ideals. He emphasizes the power
of the guillotine as the symbol of the revolution, and how the revolution has overlooked its Christian values. Dickens describes the guillotine as "the
sign of the regeneration of the human race," Revolutionists replace the cross with the guillotine, and it is also worshiped where the cross isn't wanted.
Throughout the novel, Dickens emphasizes the idea of regeneration, or resurrection. He explains the guillotine has resurrected the human race as new
beings no longer bound by the cross. Jesus, represented by the cross, is also resurrected, but the guillotine in the revolution overshadows him. A symbol
of rebirth and morality, Jesus, is surpassed by the symbol of death and destruction, the guillotine. Dickens also purposefully names the main executioner
Samson, sharing the name with the biblical figure Samson.

Advantages Of The Reign Of Terror
In June of 1793, the Committee of Public safety began the Reign of Terror, which would not end until July of 1794. As a result of the Terror, over
14,000 people were killed by the use guillotines, firing squads, and drowning. A large majority of these deaths occured in the French Departments of
Lore, Lyon, and Vendee (Document 1). In Paris, most of those executed were nobles and upper middle class citizens, while throughout the rest ofFrance
, the majority of those executed were peasants and working class citizens. (Document 2). Over 10,000 of the people executed committed hostile acts
against the French State (Document 3). The Reign of Terrorwas a chaotic time period in which France was warring against Austria and Prussia and in
deep financial troubles. The revolutionaries used the terror to their advantage, eliminating all of those who were in opposition. The terror, however,
was disadvantageous to the revolutionaries because it caused more chaos and civil unrest throughout all of France. The revolutionaries used the Reign
of Terror to their advantage, eliminating all of those in resistance. General Ronsin, who was a leader of the revolutionary army, strongly supported the
use of guillotine and firing squad to execute the opposition (Document 5). These revolutionaries thought they had brought justice into France through
the execution of those who were resisting the revolutionaries. In a speech to the National Convention, Maximilien de Robespierre explains how

How Did Charles Dickens Contribute To The French Revolution
Inspiration from an artist to an author
No one can refute that artists are inspired by the culture around them. Their artwork gives us insight into what was going on in the world such as war
and peace, or political issues. These works can in turn inspire other artists, historians and authors in later times. When Charles Dickens wrote his
famous novel about the French Revolution, he had to rely on history and undoubtedly art to help him understand this time period that was a century
before his time. By looking at the paintings involving the Storming of the Bastille, the guillotine, and women leading the revolution, we can observe
how Charles Dickens might of gathered inspiration for his novel Tale of Two Cities.
One of the most famous paintings of the French Revolution is the Prise de la Bastille. Prise de la Bastille was painted around 1793 by Charles
Thevenin (Pour MГ©moire). Being one of the earliest ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The artist is unknown but it is from the 18 century depicting the march to the versailles. Women line up in the thousands to make the march with
pitchforks, sword, and muskets in hand ready to use. Charles dicken recalls the march to the versailles in tale of two cities. He describes the men
fearful of the women and that they were grabbing any weapon they could find. He also describes the women as a sight to see and bold for their
age.(Dickens, 171–172) The painting give that image of the women were a force to be reckoned with. The women of the painting are holding
weapons and marching as though that was their life's purpose. This artist obviously was inspired by the events happening around him and put his
talent to use. From there Dickens took inspiration from the painting to his novel. This piece of artwork is an example of inspiring charles dickens
while he wrote Tale of Two Cities from an artist almost a century before

The French Revolution And The American Revolution
The French Revolution Salahaldin Bileh History 101 Professor Manley October 7, 2015 Throughout history, there have been many Revolutions. The
French Revolution was a revolution that changed France history completely. The French Revolution did not only changed history, but changed France's
historical monarchy government to a more republic government. The poor French citizens got the courage to start a revolution from the American
Revolution. The French Revolution started at 1789 and ended at 1799. It was the most important event that changed the Western Civilization history.
The French Revolution was caused by its "Economic hardship, its absolute ruler: Louis XVI, international struggles, and political conflict."1 The
French Revolution started with an absolute ruler and ended with an absolute ruler. In France, the population was separated into three Estates. First, the
Clergy, also known as the Catholic Church, "Numbered about 130,000 in a nation of 28 million...and owned about 10 percent of the nation's land...."2
Second, the Nobles. " The 300,000 members of the nobility... controlled about 30 percent of the land...." 3 Third, the Peasants, "the third estate
included everyone else...Peasants accounted for 80 percent of the French population." 4 The peasants suffered a lot in this era of unfairness. They
worked so hard, at the same time, they didn't have something to eat. Their daily meal was bread. King Louis XVI for years ignored peasants' rights,
even after he

Guillotine History
"Mademoiselle Guillotine" During the course of the French Revolution, the persistent rebels finally achieved their goal and overthrew the
tyrannical monarchy. However, even after this initial struggle came even greater bloodshed, for the rebels proved they could be just as brutal as
their old oppressors. Yet, this brutality would never have been as extreme as it was were it not for the invention of the infamous guillotine. A dark
machine designed for decapitation, it consists of a tall, wooden frame in which a heavy, sharp blade is suspended. Through the use of rope, this blade
could be raised to its peak and then, upon releasing the rope, would be allowed to fall freely so that it swiftly crashes down upon its victims' soft
necks. While... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Finally, as the moment of truth arrived and the first victim's face was shoved down into the lunette, or, slot for one's head, the crowd would
become silent. Then, as the blade rose and fell, they would erupt in cheers and shouts of joy as blood slowly trickled onto the streets. Once the
Reign of Terror had passed and France, after years of turmoil, was finally beginning to enter a period of relative calm, the guillotine's number of
victims began to diminish, as did the number of people attending public executions. Apparently, people could only see one lose his head so many
times before boredom set in. Additionally, more and more evidence was brought up that theorized that the guillotine's deaths were not as painless as
believed. After curiosity was sparked by the strange movements of the eyes and mouth after decapitation occurred, some began to perform experiments
on recently decapitated victims. Later, it was determined that due to the clean slicing ability of the guillotine's blade, many nerve cells remained
undamaged. Therefore, it was possible to maintain consciousness for a period of about seven seconds after decapitation before death results from blood
loss. This information deterred some from using the guillotine so frequently, however it continued to be a major form of execution. Although many
believe the guillotine to be a long–extinct weapon

Was The Reign Of Terror Justified Dbq Answers
Was the Reign of Terror Justified
The Reign of Terror was a time after the death of King Louis XVI where over 16,000 people died due to the Guillotine. After going into multiple
wars, France couldn't repay the money they took after King Louis put the country in extreme debt. King Louis XVI made the decision to try and get
France out of debt by taxing the people. The first estate didn't pay at all, the second estate barely paid because it was mostly made up of nobles and
2% of the population; the people that paid for most taxes were the third estate. Mostly made up of the Bourgeoisie, City workers and finally the
peasants. With this unfair tax system many of the people went against the king. They also got their idea to go against the king ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Not only people apart of the revolution but innocent people who didn't even want to take part of it. The main person behind this is Maximilien
Robespierre. He was a leader of the revolution and is responsible for many deaths. In document E France established the Revolutionary Tribunal.
The Tribunal was established for crimes against the state, also to expel anyone who is expected of counter revolutionary activites. This basically
means if you are not for the revolution you have the possibility of being jailed or murdered. No one could speak their views or opinions without
being prosecuted. In doc E the final sentence "A careless word of criticism spoken against the government could put one in prison or worse". This is
basically telling that if you speak out against the revolutionist you have the chance of having your life taken away. The item that would take people's
life away was the Guillotine. The Guillotine is a very large blade responsible for may decapitations. During the french revolution it was used to kill
people in a humane way. What made this very inhumane was the fact that it was a public display. Over 16,000 people were killed by this executioner.
Not every single one of these people deserved to die, most of them didn't follow the revolution but were not even counter revolutionary. This is just the
first explanation for why the Reign of Terror wasn't

Was The Reign Of Terror Justified Dbq Analysis
To begin, was The Reign of Terror justified? Does a bear poop in the woods? Yes. The Reign of Terror lasted less than two years, from the execution of
Louis XVI in January 1793 to late July 1794. During those eighteen months, more than 20,000 French people were put to death by guillotine.
Furthermore, although some of the actions that occurred were not satisfactory, I have reason to believe that there's more information to backup my
claim, that it was justified. The Reign of Terrorwas justified. This claim can be supported by three reasons: Document C, They were opposed by
outside foreign invaders; it was challenged from the inside by rebels and Г©migrГ©s. Document F No one is trying to stop it. The Reign of Terror
was key for having people approval, it shows it in Document F. Lastly, Document A, states that laws of people and what they allowed to do.... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This document is justified because France was at a low point, they would under seige and couldn't defend themselves. A change was necessary, they
would have fallen. "In August 1792. an 80,000–man army marched into France." France was challenged from the outside by foreign invaders. They
couldn't stand there and be penetrated by enemy firepower, they has to make a movement that would hurt, but benefit in the long run greatly.
Moreover, In Document C it states that in September 1792 France fought back and won three Famous Battle of Valmy. It is stated that 80,000
people died in both sides. Imagine if France did not fight back, France would be in shambles. Additionally, rebellion broke out in France with was
horrible for France. They had internal and external conflict. They had to do something about it, that something was The Reign of Terror. This
evidence show that the Reign of Terror was justified because they were in need of desperate measure, or else everyone would perish. The Reign of
Terror was a good

Geoffrey Abbott 's Execution : The Guillotine, The Pendulum
Geoffrey Abbott, author of Execution: The Guillotine, the Pendulum, the Thousand Cuts, the Spanish Donkey, and 66 Other Ways of Putting Someone
to Death, does a particularly well job explaining and detailing almost every method of execution in the different eras throughout history. He tells of
how the people being executed felt and how the executioners felt. He also explains how each execution type was carried out. Executions back in the
day were very gruesome, but details on the historical events cannot just be exempted out if you want to explain these hectic methods. Just a few
categories covered were: the Axe– this was when a person was put on a wooden block with a space between the neck and then was decapitated. Also
there was Bastinado–which was to be beaten with a stick on their feet until they die (by far the weirdest way to execute someone in my opinion.) Also
there was the guillotine– when the prisoner was placed on a block and then a heavy blade from above come crashing down on the neck of the
prisoner decapitating him (this method of execution was one of the coolest methods.) What is cooler way to go than a huge blade chopping off your
head? It is by far one of the quickest and most painless. Another method was Torn Apart by Horses– this is when your arms and legs are tied to a horse
and then each horse runs in a separate direction ripping your limbs off. What a way to go. I cannot fathom what it would have been like to be
executed like that. Those are just some

The Guillotine Research Paper
The guillotine was one of the most popular and widely used machines designed and used for executions by beheading. As one of the main symbols
of the French Revolution, the guillotine not only represented, but also delivered death. Since the guillotine was in use for over 200 years, it saw
much destruction and took many lives. The guillotine has had other machines like it that were just as deadly but with different names. The guillotine
was fashioned from the idea of two other decapitation machines (Andrews). One of them is the Halifax Gibbet. It is thought that the first time an
execution by beheading was done was in Halifax. Which is how the Halifax Gibbet received its name (HistoryLearningSite). This machine stood
fifteen feet tall and used an axe head attached to a piece of wood that slid between grooves of the two fifteen foot beams (Wilde).... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The machine may have originated in 1066 but can only be proved to being used from the 1280's and on (Wilde). John of Dalton is thought to be
the first victim of the Halifax Gibbet in the year 1286 (HistoryLearningSite). The Halifax Gibbet was retired on April 30th, 1650 (Wilde). The other
machine the guillotine was based on was the Scotish Maiden. The Scotish Maiden was called various names in Edinburgh, such as the Maiden, the
Miadin, and the Madin or Madyn. The Maiden, like the Halifax, has two upright beams as part of the main structure. Instead of an axe head like the
Halifax, the Maiden just has a steel faced iron blade with seventy–five pounds of lead for weight (Hartley). The Scotish Maiden was used for about 150
years from the year 1564 to the year 1710. In that period of time, it is said that the decapitation machine had over 150 victims (The Guillotine

Essay On Guillotine In The French Revolution
Guillotine Used in the French Revolution What have I done? That's all that runs through my mind every time I see a head drop into the basket. I know
that the images of heads being ripped from their bodies will haunt my dreams forever. Allow me to explain. I am the guillotine that was used during the
French Revolution. I was created by Joseph–Ignace Guillotin––he thought that I would be a more humane way of executing prisoners (Andrews,
Evan). It is unreal how many people's necks have been the victim of my blade! There were many causes of my home country's revolution. Several
events brought about beginning the revolution. There were conflicts between the monarchy and the nobility over the "reform" of the tax system.
(Desalvo, Heather) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1794, he was overthrown and captured. His execution date was set for July 18, 1794. (Bouloiseau, Marc) On the morning of his execution date,
he was marched up to my platform and laid down, in a way that his neck was ready to meet my blade. The executioner let go of the rope that held
my blade. Thud, Maximilien de Robespierre's head fell into the waiting basket. He was dead. Another person who was given no mercy by my blade was
Marie Antoinette. I beheaded her nine months after her husband, but that is another story. She was forced into an arranged marriage with Louis XVI
when she was fifteen. Then, she was made Queen of France when she was nineteen. Finally, she fell to her death by my blade. Several years into my
home country's revolution, our Queen and her family were captured. She was put on trial with the charges of treason, theft, and a false and disturbing
charge of sexual abuse against her own son. After a two–day trial, an all–male jury found her guilty of all charges. ( The Biography.com website,
"Marie Antoinette") She was to be sent to me. I was terrified, I did not want to be the reason that the Queen of France was dead. More people
would despise me more than they already did. On October 17, 1793, Marie Antoinette was dragged onto my platform. My blade slid down the shaft,
then, it was all over. I felt as if I was going to be sick from the nauseous feeling I had received after that tragedy. She was dead, the Queen of France
was dead. Finally, the

Guillotine In A Tale Of Two Cities Essay
Oppression was a highly protruding fact in the 19th century. One could even consider it a calamity. It completely overwhelmed the way people in
France lived. Various implements were executed in order to "control" the people during this time period. Within those implements was the disastrous
mechanism known as the guillotine. A deadly instrument used for the decapitation of people. The british author G.K Chesterton stated in one of his
pieces of writing, " the guillotine is not the calamity, but rather the solution of the calamity." Meaning that the guillotine was not the problem but the
solution to the problem: the oppression. In A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens we get a viewpoint on the guillotine and its institutionalization
during the French Revolution. The guillotine in fact worsened the oppression or "calamity" reigned upon the people. It was not the solution to the
"calamity" . By taking on a life of its own and by brutally submerging the people in its power and increasing their need to use it, it was only the
calamity itself. Through Dickens' tone and use diction, to characterize the guillotine, one is able to understand how the guillotine is brought to life and
maintained alive by the people's blood thirst to constantly use it. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This inanimate object became alive but in the most horrible of ways. In a way that it merged all possible monsters that could be imagined. Through the
author's tone during this especidic part in the novel, Dickens would most likely not consider the guillotine to be that of being useful. The voice within
his words doesn't show any significant point of agreement with what the guillotine caused. It is almost as if we catch a hint of the author actually being
displeased when mentioning the guillotine. This happens to contribute to Dickens thinking that the guillotine did not improve the

The Footsteps Die Out Rhetorical Analysis Prompts
The excerpt from the novel A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens at the beginning of the final chapter, "The Footsteps Die Out Forever" describes
prisoners being wheeled the iconic Guillotine which took several lives throughout the French Revolution. The purpose of the passage is to convey the
darkness of the time through describing the cycle of oppression and the horrors occurring at the time. However, in lieu of this, it also provides a
message of hope through describing the nobility that the character Sydney Carton carries as he is brought to the Guillotine and in doing so, brings about
his redemption right before his death.
The passage opens up immediately setting the mood and tone of the text: "Along the Paris streets, the death–carts rumble, hollow and harsh."(line 1).
The reader will pick up on the hopeless and absolute tone conveyed by the alliteration of "hollow and harsh" enforcing and drawing attention to the
serious nature of what has happened in the Revolution with the constant wheeling of prisoners to "La Guillotine." The "death carts" refer to the
tumbrils serving as vessels carrying the prisoners to their death, their severity conveyed in their movement being described as a "rumble" which
implies a great amount of noise. The cycle of oppression is first introduced in the line, "Crush humanity out of shape once more, under similar hammers,
and it will twist itself into the same tortured forms." (line 5–6). This line basically illustrates the way that crime

Guillotine During The French Revolution
As revolutions have occurred throughout history, their revolutionaries bond together and unite for their cause. This unity creates a single voice that
will lead their journey to change the society around them, however they can be steered into the wrong direction by this mob mentality. During the
French Revolution in the late 1700's, the guillotine was invented and put to use during an era now known as the Reign of Terror. The establishment of
the guillotine empowered the middle class; it gave them a voice and mean of control to steer the Revolution toward equality, meanwhile it corrupted the
identity and values of their society.
The guillotine was a device created for the purpose of humane execution as a form of capital punishment. A guillotine... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Criminals used to be tortured and slaughtered based on the crimes they committed and the class they belonged to including "combined elements of
public humiliation, mutilation and execution" (Lynn). The guillotine, however, killed a variety of classes and sexes, and did so in the same fashion
regardless of who it was killing. The guillotine executed King Louis XVI and leader Robespierre, but also regular peasants and citizens (Clift). By
creating a uniform method of killing criminals in France, citizens were all treated equally. The guillotine conveyed the idea that all were the same
under the law, and that no one person deserved a better fate than anyone else that approached it. Before a person was killed by guillotine, the spectators
gave them a chance to speak, keeping their dignity intact. Then without any suffering or torment, they would meet the same fate and die in the instant
that the guillotine sliced their neck (Clift). The guillotine treated all people with equal mercy in keeping the process short and painless. Despite a
variety of reasons one would be killed by guillotine, the machine treated them all humanely and equally, and establishing the revolutionaries' values
toward justice amongst all men and

The Guillotine: The French Revolution
The French Revolution was characterized with more than its share of executions, so much so, in fact, that the guillotine emerged as one of the defining
and most enduring symbols of the revolution. From 1787 to 1789 France was changing and modernizing it government, and this system takes partial
credit. Around 40,000 lives were taken by the Guillotine, this includes Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI.
In 1789 Dr.Joseph Ignace Guillotin, the deputy of the National Assembly in France suggested a reform of capital punishment. The idea was to
maintain an "equal status to all citizens by the declaration of rights" (Corzine). Beheading was reserved as a noble punishment while lower class
criminals were treated with more grisly penalty. For example they were burned alive or dragged by a horse until they were ripped apart. Dr.Guillotin
believed that all classes should be subjected to the same fate. And that the guillotine was right for the job. "The mechanism falls like thunder, the head
flies off, blood spurts, the man is no more" (Otfinoski). The guillotine was supposed to be simple and straightforward, the blade would fall and the
criminal would be no more. Eventually the rest of the assembly agreed and France adopted the guillotine as its ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Other mechanisms that resemble the guillotine were used in different countries at earlier times. In 1400 the Halifax Gibbet was created in England. In
1564 the Scottish Maiden was created in Scotland (History of the Guillotine). In 1788 before the Guillotine the Wheel and Scaffold were used as a
form of punishment, but during a public execution the people saw it as too inhumane and destroyed the device. King Louis XVI agreed and banned the
weapon. Three years later the guillotine was created. Antoine Louis and Dr.Guillotin were in charge of its development and found inspiration in the
previously mentioned weapons. Then in 1792, the guillotine was first

Not Justified DBQ
One of the reasons the Reign of Terror was not justified was because of the brutal methods they used to execute and hurt people. During the French
Revolution the guillotine became a powerful image. It was a sharp angled blade that would drop and decapitate the victim(Document F). It was also
known as a "humane" way to execute criminals. However when detailed paintings are released showing blood filling the streets of France, and people
being beheaded it was difficult for people to believe it was a humane way of killing someone. . In an art piece called "Nine Г‰migrГ©s go to the
Guillotine" shows tons of people watching and interested in someone getting their head chopped off ha. Also this shows that people were fascinated by
the gruesome killing

Who Invented The Guillotine

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Who Invented The Guillotine