2. Table of Contents Ser Estar Hacer Expressions Verbs Like Gustar Preterite Trigger Words Car, Gar, Zar Spock Cucaracha DOP/IOP Commands Irregular Commands Snakes Snakies Se Impersonal
3. Table of Contents Past Participles as Adjectives El Futuro & Ir+a+Infinitive Demonstrative Adjectives Demonstrative Pronouns Imperfect Tense + Irregulars Commands: Formal and Informal + DOP and IOP Placement Modal Verbs Reflexives Saber vs. Conocer
10. EllossonDescriptions Origin de Characteristics Time Occupation Relationships Possession de Events Dates Jose es alto. Yosoy de Honduras. Ustedeses doctor. Ella es mi mama. Túeresbonita. Quees? Un gato. Doctor Ped
17. Hacer Expressions Hacer Time Que Verb Hacer Expressions tell how long ago something happened. Present Tense Verb Since and For Preterite Tense Verb Ago I took the test two hours ago. Hace dos horasquetomé el examen. I have had the cat for two days. Hace dos diasquetengo el gato.
51. Snakeys An irregular preterite verb. Verbs like leer, creer, and oir change the I to Y in the 3rd person. Yocreí. Tú creíste Él creyo. Nos creimos. Vos crísteis Ellos creyeron. Yoleí. Tú leíste Él leyo. Nos leímos. Vos leístes Ellos leyeron.
52. DOP DOP’s are: me, te, le, nos, os, and los. They answer the question of what is receiving the direct action of the verb. You ate an apple. Comisteunamanzana. (Manzana=La) La comiste (You ate it) I eat bread. Como pan. Lo como. (Pan=Lo) She eats the bananas. Ella come las bananas. Ella las come. Command- Senor Presidentecomo el pan. Sr. Presidente lo como. Sr.Presidentecómolo. (the DOP hooks on) The DOP can only hook on when: It’s used with an infinitive -Voy a comerlo. It’s used in an affirmative command -Bébala! It’s used with a gerund/ present progressive -Estoycomiéndolo.
73. Se Impersonal Use se to avoid specifying a person who is doing the action of the verb. Se vendefruta en la tienda. When using se, the verb is always in the 3rd person. Aquí se hablaespañol. Se can be used in all renses. Se hizo mucho. Se hará mucho. Se hapía mucho.
86. El Futuro Irregulars decir- dir hacer- har poner- pondre salir- saldr tener- tend valer- valdr venir- vendr poder- podr querer- quer saber- sabr caber- cabr haber- habr Yodiré Túsabrás El tendrá Nosvaldremos Ellospodrán
87. Ir + a + Infinitive Going to do something in the near future Included in the future. Ex. Yovoy a viajar a Chile. Yovoy a comer unamanzana.
88. Demonstrative Adjectives Adjectives whose function is to point at something. English- this, that, these, those Spanish- three sets They are typically placed before the noun they modify. Me gusto esteperro. (I like this dog) Voy a compraresecoche. (I’m going to buy that car) Me gustanaquellascasas. (I like those houses) Prefieroestascomputadoras. (I prefer those computers)
107. Commands Los MandatosFormales (Ud) Irregulars Tener- tenga Venir- vengo Dar-de Ir- vaya Ser- seya Hacer- haga Estar- este Saber- sepa Negative- add “No” in front
108. DOP and IOP Placement DOP and IOPs can only hook on to the verb when….. They’re used with an infinitive Voy a comerlo. They’re used as an affirmative command. Cómala! They’re used with a gerund/present progressive Estorycomiéndolo.
109. Modal Verbs Used with other verbs to help them change their meaning. Verb + Infinitive