2. Perfect Present
used to
The perfect present is roughly equivalent to the Spanish preterite.
We will see the differences in the section on uses. Overall it is a
mixture between the present and the past. We used it for past
actions that are important in this.
To form the present perfect, the auxiliary verb "to have" in the
present and the past participle of the verb is used. For regular verbs,
the past participle is the simplest form of the past. See the lesson on
the simple past for more information on how to form the past.
3. Example
I have bought a new dress. Yo he comprado un nuevo vestido.
You have studied the lesson. Tú has estudiado la lección.
He has broken the window. Él ha roto la ventana.
She has lost the keys. Ella ha perdido las llaves.
4. Auxiliary
TO HAVE: Se usa para la formación de los tiempos compuestos de pasado.
TO BE: Se usa para la forma progresiva o contínua y la voz pasiva: I am eating apples, estoy
comiendo manzanas; Hamlet was written by Shakespeare, Hamlet fue escrito por Shakespeare.
DO - DID: Son auxiliares para las formas interrogativas y negativas de Presente Simple y Pasado
Simple.
SHALL - WILL: a) Se usan para formar el futuro y sus pasados: shall, para las primeras personas
del singular y plural; will, para las restantes; b) En la forma interrogativa Will you? equivale a
¿Quieres?
SHOULD - WOULD: Se usan para formar los condicionales: should para las primeras personas del
singular y plural; would, para las restantes.
LET: Se usa para la tercera persona del singular y plural, y primera del plural del imperativo.
6. Past Perfect
The past perfect English Spanish corresponds to the pluperfect. In
general, we use it for actions that occurred before another action in
the past.
As in the present perfect, past perfect is formed with the auxiliary
verb "to have" and the past participle. The auxiliary verb will last.
7. Example
He had studied English
El había estudiado Ingles
She had bought a new computer
Ella había comprado una nueva computadora
8. Auxiliary
Sujeto + "had" + participio pasado...
Ejemplos:
Play
I'd visited the Louvre before so I knew where the Mona Lisa was. (Había
visitado el Museo del Louvre antes, así que sabía donde estaba la
Mona Lisa.)
Play
They'd studied English before they went to London. (Habían estudiado
inglés antes de irse a Londres.)
Play
Henry changed careers because he'd worked as an accountant for
many years and was bored. (Henry cambió de profesión porque había
trabajado como contable durante muchos años y estaba aburrido.)
10. Simple future
The Simple Future tense is used to describe actions that will be
developed in the future without the need to clarify at what point will
occur. Its equivalent in the Spanish language is Future Imperfect
12. Auxiliary
Afirmativo Forma corta Negativo Forma corta
Play
I will
Play
I'll
Play
I will not
Play
I won't (I'll not)
Play
You will
Play
You'll
Play
You will not
Play
You won't (you'll not)
Play
He will
Play
He'll
Play
He will not
Play
He won't (He'll not)
Play
She will
Play
She'll
Play
She will not
Play
She won't (She'll not)
Play
It will
Play
It'll
Play
It will not
Play
It won't (It'll not)
Play
We will
Play
We'll
Play
We will not
Play
We won't (We'll not)
Play
They will
Play
They'll
Play
They will not
Play
They won't (They'll not)
