2. Bonds formed between two atoms that
share a pair of electrons.
A single covalent bond = a pair of shared
electrons
COVALENT BONDS
3. Step 1: Determine the number
of valence electrons for the
atom
Step 2: Starting at the
top, and working your way
around clockwise place a dot
for each valence electron
singly first, and then double
up if needed.
REMEMBER: Electrons want to
be alone so they will spread
out first before they pair up.
DRAWING DOT DIAGRAMS
Example: Draw the dot
diagram for Carbon…
Example: Draw the dot
diagram for Oxygen…
4. 1) Draw dot diagrams for each atom
2) Draw an electron dot diagram for
compound showing shared electrons
H2
5. 1) Draw dot diagrams for each atom
2) Draw dot diagram for compound
showing shared electrons
CH4
6. Instead of dots draw lines to represent bonds.
Shows arrangement of atoms
STRUCTURAL FORMULAS
