2. Surveying
• Surveying is the art of making such
measurements as to determine the relative
position of points on the surface of the earth
in order to shape and extent of any portion of
earth urface may be ascertained and
delineated on a map or plan.
• The Primary Object of Survey is the
Preparation of Plan or Map.
3. Surveying
• Surveying may be divided into two general
categories:
• A)Geodetic B)Plane
• Geodetic Survey: The Object of the Geodetic
survey is to determine the precise positions
on the surface of the earth which form control
stations. In our country they are conducted by
Survey of India.
4. Surveying
• Plane Survey: In Plane Surveying the curvature
of the earth is not taken into account unlike
Geodetic Surveying.
• The earth surface is considered as plane ,the
line separating any two points as straight line
and angles of a polygon as plane angles.
• The degree of accuracy is specially low in this
type of Surveying.
5. Methods in Survey
• Traingulation Method
• Traverse Method
Instruments Employed
• Chain Survey
• Tachometric Survey
• Theodolite survey
• Compass Survey
• Plane Table Survey
• Photographic and Arial Survey
• Land Survey divided into Topographic and Cadastral Survey
6. • Cadastral Survey is one in which additional
details such as boundaries of fields, houses
and other properties, Pathways etc., are
determined.
• Topographic survey for determing the natural
features of a country such as hills,valleys,rivers
lakes, forests etc., and artificial features such
as roads, canals railways, Towns etc.,
Topographic and Cadastral Survey
