This project addresses the development of a system which automatically controls incubator variables during the hatching period. Success of the incubation process is dependent on the manipulation of the variables involved; temperature, humidity and egg turning. Manual and semi-automatic incubators has been produced, controlling some variables and leaving some out thereby achieving different hatch rate. How many variables can be controlled at once and to what degree of accuracy?

1. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF
AN EGG INCUBATOR VARIABLE
CONTROLLER.
ADERIBIGBE DEBORAH IYANUOLUWA
14/30GR012
Supervised by: DR. A.T. AJIBOYE

2. OUTLINE
8 Scope of study
Aim and objective
6
3 Abstract
1 Title page
2 Outline
4 Background of study
5 Problem statement
7 Significance of study
Literature review
9
Methodology
10
Reference
10
12 Conclusion and recommendation
Implementation and testing
11

3. ABSTRACT
Poultry production constitutes an important form of livelihood
for rural and urban dwellers.
Egg incubator, an equipment which provides opportunity for
farmers to produce chicks from eggs without the mother hen
is one of the inventions that provide opportunity to produce
the highest output at the lowest cost.
The incubators achieve their purpose of manipulating
variables (temperature, humidity and turning of the eggs)
important for eggs to grow by using feedback to achieve
system stability.
Threat to local
incubation:
wild animals,
reptiles, diseases,
rainfall..

4. BACKGROUND
Poultry production forms an important component of Nigeria’s
livestock sub-sector as a provider of employment and income,
From using mud brick huts in Egypt to electric heaters,
incubators has been refined and developed to be automatic
over the years.
The importance of control system cannot be overemphasized as
system stability can be achieved using feedback from sensors,
with this feedback variables in a system can easily be
manipulated.

5. Success of the incubation process is dependent on the
manipulation of the variables involved; temperature, humidity
and egg turning.
Manual and semi-automatic incubators has been produced,
controlling some variables and leaving some out thereby
achieving different hatch rate.
How many variables can be controlled at once and to what
degree of accuracy?
PROBLEM STATEMENT

6. AIM/ OBJECTIVE
AIM
To develop an egg
incubator variables
controller.
OBJECTIVE
To monitor the incubator variables using sensors.
To Pre-program a microcontroller with right variable
values.
To develop an incubator in which variables are
automatically controlled when out of range.

7. SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
Increases the rate of hatchability of eggs by maintaining the needed conditions
for hatching.
Save human stress since variables will be automatically controlled.

8. The project addresses and is limited to the development of a
system which automatically controls incubator variables.
SCOPE

9. LITERATURE REVIEW
S/N AUTHOR/YEAR TITLE METHODOLOGY LIMITATIONS
1. FRENCH N.A.
(2017)
Modeling of incubation
Temperature: The effect of
incubation design.
The project employs a
temperature sensor,
microcontroller, relay, tuner,
heater, fan to control the
required temperature of the
incubator.
Humidity was not
controlled.
2. S Shafiudin, N Kholis
(2018)
Monitoring system and temperature
controlling on PID based poultry
hatching incubator
The project employs a
temperature sensor, PID
microcontroller, heater, fan to
control the system..
The humidity source was
not controllable.
3. B. kemp, H. vanden
Brand (2010)
Effect of eggshell temperature and
oxygen concentration on survival
rate and nutrient utilization in
chicken embryos.
This used Broiler chicken eggs.
temperature and oxygen
source was from the
environment .
Temperature and oxygen
concentration were not
controlled.
4 R. Molenaar
(2013)
Effect of relative humidity during
incubation
An humidity sensor was used
with the Microcontroller.
Temperature was not
monitored or controlled.

10. METHODOLOGY
SYSTEM FLOW CHART

11. MICROCONTROLLER
POWERSUPPLY
HUMIDITY SOURCE
HUMIDITY SENSOR
FAN
DISPLAY
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
MOTOR
HEAT SOURCE
BLOCK DIAGRAM

12. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

13. IMPLEMENTATION AND WORK PLAN
Gantt chart

14. IMPLEMENTATION

15. IIMPLEMENTATION

16. TESTING

17. PERFORMANCE
EVALUATION
As at the time this slide was been prepared:
the bulb (heat source) was not working as desired due to errors in
the code which was been addressed.
otherwise, every other part was working as necessary, a closed
system was achieved in which the system variables were controlled
using feedback from the sensor.

18. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the aim to develop an egg incubator
variable controller was successful.
It is recommended that additional features like camera,
candling and alarm system be integrated to the project
in future for even better performance.

19. REFERENCE
(Dejan, n.d.)https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/8-things-didnt-know-humidity 4/27/2019 8 things you didn’t know
about humidity | PBS NewsHour
Allan R. Hambley, Electrical Engineering Principles and Applications,Chapter 10.
(ii) Giorgio Rizzoni, Principles and Applications of Electrical Engineering,Chapter 9.
(n.d.). Retrieved from wikihow: https://www.wikihow.com/UseanIncubatortoHatchEggs
(2013). international journal of scientific and engineering research.
bell, S. (2011). A Beginner’sGuide to humidity Measurement. National physical laboratory measurement guide.
Care and incubation of hatching eggs. (2004, may 27). Retrieved from the poultrysite poultry:
http://www.thepoultrysite.com/articles/166/careandincubationofhatchingeggs/
Chick hatching project instruction manual. (n.d.). Retrieved from Quiver farm: farm@quiverfarm.com
Dejan. (n.d.). dht11 and dht22 sensors temperature and humidity tutorial. (how to mechatronics) Retrieved january 27, 2019,
from https://howtomechatronics.com/tutorials/arduino/dht11dht22sensorstemperatureandhumiditytutorialusingarduino/

20. emelyn. (2013, september 7). The history of incubation. Retrieved from pleysier:
http://www.pleysierincubators.com/history_incubation.htm
Emelyn. (2016). Tastes Like Chicken: A History of America's Favorite Bird .
https://books.google.com/books?id=XaewDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT100.
incubator terminology explained. (2018, june 13). Retrieved from sureHatch:
https://www.surehatch.co.za/pages/incubatorterminologyexplained
J.S. Jeffrey, G. M. (2008). The incubation of ratite eggs. Texas: A & M University System.
Lourens A., H. V. (2005). Effect of eggshell temperature during incubation on embryo development, hatchability and
post-hatch dev.
Sansomboonsuk. (2011). An Automatic Incubator. J. Energy Research, vol. 2, no. 2, 51-56.
State, P. (n.d.). Beginning of Life . University of Connecticut.