2. What is Academic Writing
• Academic writing is clear, concise, focused,
structured and backed up by evidence.
• Its purpose is to aid the reader's
understanding.
• It has a formal tone and style, but it is not
complex and does not require the use of long
sentences and complicated vocabulary.
3. Academic Documents
• Book
• Chapter in an edited book
• Conference Paper
• Dissertation
• Theoretical Paper
• Research Paper
• Conference Proceedings
• Research Proposal
• Thesis
6. Key Features
• Formal style or register: Writing should not be casual, but
be in a appropriate formal register.
• Appropriate references: Generally statements of fact will be
expected to be backed up by appropriate authoritative
references-and these to be laid out in the
appropriate citation system.
• Bibliography: Typically this lists those articles read as
background, and will include the sources of individual
citations.
• Plagiarism: The "wrongful appropriation of another
author's language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions", and the
representation of them as one's own original work is
considered academic dishonesty, and can lead to severe
consequences.
7. Composition of Academic Work (IMRD)
• Introduction (Background, objectives, problem statement,
rationale etc)
• Method (Method, tools, data collection)
• Result (Empirical results, charts, plots) and
• Discussion (Analysis, Conclusions)
• Other common sections in academic documents are:
• Abstract
• Acknowledgments
• Indices
• Bibliography
• List of references
• Appendix/Addendum,
11. Plagiarism in Academic Work
• Plagiarism means the practice of taking some
ones work or idea and passing them as one’s
own.
• It is a form of research misconduct
(fabrication, falsification and plagiarism)
• Copying idea is always not plagiarism if it done
as per rules
12. Plagiarism Excludes…
• All quoted work reproduced with
permission/attribution
• All references, bibliography, contents, preface
and acknowledgements
• All generic terms, laws, symbols
16. Penalties in case of academic and
research publications
Level Penalties
0 Nil
1 Withdraw manuscript
2 Withdraw manuscript, Denied one
increment and not allowed to supervise
for 2 yrs
3 Denied two increment, not allowed to
supervise for 3 yrs
18. Copyright in Academic Work
• Copyright is a form of protection provided the
authors of “original works of authorship”
including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic,
and certain other intellectual works, both
published and unpublished.
• Copyrights are registered by the Copyright
Office of the library of Congress, US