This document outlines a group project to design a structural extension for an existing reinforced concrete bungalow. It includes the following: 1. Introduction to the project, case study building, and structural systems used. Floor plans, structural plans, 3D models, and analyses are presented. 2. Individual proposals from three subgroups are presented. Each includes design briefs, architectural plans, structural plans, 3D models, and beam and column analyses. 3. One subgroup's proposal is for a two-story side extension adding a gym, bedrooms, and more. Plans, models, and structural element analyses are shown.

1. School of Architecture, Building & Design
Research Unit for Modern Architecture Studies in Southeast Asia
Bachelor of Science (Honours) (Architecture)
Building Structures [ARC 2523]
Project 2: Extension of a R.C bungalow
Tutor: Ms. Ann See Peng
Group member:
Tan Wei How 0310707
Phang June Ee 0311954
Ang Jia Pin 0315506
Lucas Wong Kok Hoe 0309421
How Pei Ngoh 0316929
Wong Kah Voon 0317510

2. Table Content
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Introduction to Project
1.2 Introduction to Case Study
1.3 Introduction to Structural System
2.0 Architectural Plans 1:100
2.1 Ground Floor Plan
2.2 First Floor Plan
2.3 Roof Plan
3.0 Structural Plans 1:100
3.1 Footing Structural Plan
3.2 Ground Floor Structural Plan
3.3 First Floor Structural Plan
3.4 Roof Structural Plan
4.0 3D Revit Model Perspective
5.0 Analysis
6.0 Conclusion
7.0 Individual Proposal
7.1 Design Proposal ( Phang June Ee & Tan Wei How )
7.1.1 Design Brief
7.1.2 Architectural Plans
7.1.3 Structural Plans
7.1.4 3D Model Perspective
7.1.5 Beam & Column Analysis ( Phang June Ee )
7.1.6 Beam & Column Analysis ( Tan Wei How )
7.2 Design Proposal ( Lucas Wong & Ang Jia Pin )
7.2.1 Design Brief
7.2.2 Architectural Plans
7.2.3 Structural Plans
7.2.4 Load Distribution Analysis
7.2.4 Beam & Column Analysis ( Lucas Wong )
7.2.5 Beam & Column Analysis ( Ang Jia Pin )
7.3 Design Proposal ( How Pei Ngoh & Wong Kah Voon )
7.3.1 Design Brief
7.3.2 Architectural Plans
7.3.3 Structural Plans
7.3.4 3D Model Perspective & Load Distribution Analysis
7.3.5 Beam & Column Analysis ( How Pei Ngoh )
7.3.6 Beam & Column Analysis ( Wong Kah Voon )

3. 1.0 Introduction
1.1 Introduction To Project
In a group of six, structural plans of a double-storey bungalow is produced after examining its
floor plans. Structural plans produced are for ground floor, first floor, roof and foundation are
produced.
Then, within a subgroup of two, a double-storey extension not exceeding 30% of the existing
building is proposed. The extension is framed and analysis on beams and columns in term of load
bearing is produced.

4. 1.2 Introduction To Case Study
Vista Kirana Phase 2 double-storey bungalow type G by GJH Properties SDN BHD is
selected. The site location is Mukim Bukit Katil, Daerah Melaka Tengah, Hang Tuah Jaya, Melaka or
Taman Vista Kirana. Each unit has enclosed area of 164.96 squared metres and open area of 44.24
squared metres consisting of six bedrooms, two living rooms, two dining rooms, two balconies, a
kitchen, a washing area and five washrooms.
Specifications:
Structure : Reinforced Concrete
Wall : Clay Brick
Roofing Truss : Metal Roof Truss
Roof Covering : Metal Roofing Sheet
Ceiling : Plaster Ceiling / Skim Coat
Window : Powder Coated Aluminium Casement / Top Hung / Fixed Glass
Main door : Solid Timber Door
Terrace : Powder Coated Aluminium Frame Sliding Door
1.3 Introduction to Structural System

5. Foundation
Foundation supports a building structure and transfer load from the building it self to the
underlying soil or rock. The rules of foundation are that it must provide enough safety against
failure of the supporting strata and settlement of the building should not disturb the purpose of the
structure. There are two types of foundation, shallow and deep foundation
Shallow foundation are built close to the ground and used where the soil has the sufficient ability
of supporting the loads. Strip footing, raft foundation and pad foundation are examples of shallow
foundation.
On the other hand, deep foundation which is more recommended by engineers, transfer load from a
structure above ground through a weaker layer of soil to a more suitable one at a depth. Piles are the
elements of deep foundation systems that is used to transfer structural load to deeper rock.
Grade Beam
A grade beam carries load from that span an unsupported length. It distributes load to the
pile foundation and also acts as a bracing for the foundation.

6. Foundation Structure
Reinforced Concrete Column
A reinforced concrete column is a structural member that reinforced with longitudinal bars and ties (tied
columns) or with longitudinal bars and spiral steel (spiral-reinforced columns) to compressive pressure.
Normally they are important to the construction of buildings and other structures. Sometimes the columns
may be a composite of structural steel of cast iron and concrete. Concrete is a high plasticity building
material because it can be molded into many sizes and shapes depend on its use
.
The function of a concrete column is to carry part of a compressive structural load. z to keep the
building from collapsing or shifting in a way that could cause damage to the overall structure. For
design purposes, the columns are separated into two categories: short columns and long columns.
Reinforced Concrete Beam
A reinforced concrete beam is structural member of reinforced concrete placed horizontally to carry
loads over openings. The reinforcement, called tension steel, is designed to resist tension together with
preventing the concrete from cracking under the assumption of tensile stresses. Two common
reinforced concrete beam can be identified are singly reinforced beam and doubly reinforced beam.
A singly reinforced beam is only reinforced near the outer face, which is the tensile face, whereas
a doubly reinforced beam has both tensile reinforcement in the outer face and compressive
reinforcement in the inner space to help the concrete resist tension and compression.

7. Cantilever Beam
Cantilever beam is defines as a beam supported on only one end. It carries the moment of force and
shear stress from the support where the load transfers to. The beam carries a specific weight on its
open end as a result of the support on its enclosed end.
In building construction, cantilever construction allows for overhanging structures without support
pillars or external bracing. Slabs and trusses can also use to construct cantilevers. It is often applied
for supporting extensions above the ground level such as balcony in residential building.
Frames (Moment Resisting Frames)
Moment-resisting frames are constructed with beams, columns and joints. It is assembled by rigidly
connecting beams to columns perpendicular to each other. Rigid frame action which is development
of bending moment and shear force in the frame members and joints provide resistance to lateral
force.
A moment cannot displace laterally without bending of beams and columns depending on
geometry of the connection. Hence, the primary source of lateral stiffness and strength for the entire
frame is the bending rigidity and strength of the frame members.
Types of Joints in Frames
A beam-column joint is the part of the column within the depth of the deepest beam, that framed
into the column. The three type of joint consist of interior joint, exterior joints and corner joints.

8. 2.0 Architectural Plans
3.0 Structural Plans 1:100

9. 2.2 First Floor Plan 1:100

10. 2.3 Roof Plan 1:100

11. 3.0 Structural Plans
3.1 Foundation Structural Plan 1:100

12. 3.2 Ground Floor Structural Plan 1:100

13. 3.3 First Floor Structural Plan 1:100

14. 3.4 Roof Structural Plan 1:100

15. 4.0 3D Model Perspectives

16. Load Transfer

17. 5.0 Analysis
Ground Floor Structural Plan 1:100

18. First Floor Structural Plan 1:100

19. 7.0 Individual Proposal
7.1 Design Proposal (Phang June Ee & Tan Wei How)
7.1.1 Design Brief
The proposed extension should not exceed 30% of the existing floor area (max 100m2
each floor). The proposed extension should be sideway and should be of two storeys. The
proposed extension for the ground floor includes toilet, gym and gaming room. As for the
proposed extension for the first floor includes toilet, bedroom, studio and movie room.

20. 7.1.2 Architectural Plan
a) Ground Floor Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

21. b) First Floor Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

22. c) Roof Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

23. 7.1.3 Structural Plan
a) Foundation Structural Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

24. b) Ground Floor Structural Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

25. c) First Floor Structural Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

26. d) Roof Structural Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

27. 7.1.4 3D Model Perspective

28. 7.3 Design Proposal (How Pei Ngoh & Wong Kah Voon)
7.3.1 Design Brief
The proposed extension is two storey in height. Existing living 1 in ground floor is
extended, billiard room; tatami room and library are added; while a dry kitchen is added to
the existing wet kitchen. Exiting master bedroom and bedroom 4 are combined and the
space is rearranged into theatre room and corridor. Thus, master bedroom is moved
outwards and a cantilevered balcony is added

29. 7.3.2 Architectural Plans
a) Ground floor plan ( Scale 1: 100 )
Dining
Room Dry Kitchen Wet Kitchen
Existing building Billiard Room
Tatami Library

30. b) First floor plan ( Scale 1 : 100 )
Dressing
Toilet Room
Theatre
Master
Bedroom
Existing building
Balcony

31. c) Roof plan ( Scale 1 : 100 )

32. 7.3.2Architectural Plans
a) Foundation plan ( Scale 1 : 100 )

33. b) Ground floor plan ( Scale 1 : 100 )

34. c) First floor plan ( Scale 1 : 100 )

35. 7.3.4 3D Model Perspective & Load Distribution Analysis

36. a) Load distribution analysis (Ground Floor Plan)

37. b) Load distribution analysis ( First Floor Plan)

38. c) Load distribution analysis ( Roof Plan )

39. 7.3.6 Beam & Column Analysis ( Aubrey )

50. 7.3.7 Beam & Column Analysis ( Kahvoon )