This document discusses morphine, a strong opioid pain reliever named after Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams. It provides a brief history of morphine from ancient times to its isolation in the early 19th century and restrictions in the 20th century due to addiction. The document outlines morphine's medical uses in relieving pain and its side effects like constipation and respiratory depression. It also notes the risk of physical or mental addiction to morphine and that it can be administered orally, intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneously.

1. The Authors: Jan Rybojad and
Aleksandra Flis

2. It is a strong opioid drug used very commonly to relieve strong
pain named after the god of dreams and sleep - Morpheus.
Ancient
times
• Used in the ancient Greece and in the Roman Empire
18th
century
• Opium addiction in China
19th
century
• Opium wars
1805
• First isolation of the morphine by Friedrich Wilhelm Serturner
1914-18
• Soldiers’ addiction to morphine used as a pain reliever
20th
century
• Restrictions banning morphine abuse

3. Further instructions here:
http://www.erowid.org/archive/rhodium/chemist
ry/opium.html

4.  Neoplasm pains
 Myocardial infarction
 Action against caugh
caused by neoplasm
 Pain diminuation
 Anti-caugh effects
 Somnolence
 Constipations
 Respiratory depression

5. Morphine can be taken:
 orally
 intravenously
 intramuscularly
 subcutaneously
 by inhalation.
Dosage depends on the severity of pain, way of administration
and many other important factors. It always should be used
ACCORDING TO PHYSICIAN’S RECOMMENDATION!!!

6.  The most common among
patients and people having
easy access to it.
 Danger in physical or
mental addiction.
 Mophinists are able to
commit every crime to get
the drug.
A painting of famous Polish artist Witkacy, who
having been injured during the war became addicted
to morphine.

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4. Mandal A. ”Morphine chemistry” http://www.news-medical.net/health/Morphine-
Chemistry.aspx
5. http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_mg7D3kYysfw/SRvPk19v-
lI/AAAAAAAALAs/7OFYyAz0A7c/s400/opium.jpg
6. http://s150.photobucket.com/user/goshawk007/media/pod-1.jpg.html
7. http://www.versuchschemie.de/Experimente/Orlando/piperin.jpg
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Poland, entry: Morphine, p.:525-526
9. http://www.pinakoteka.zascianek.pl/Witkacy/Images/Nova_Aurigae.jpg
10. http://www.mojeobrazy.com.pl/malarz.php?id=106&malarz=Witkacy+Stanis%B3aw+Ignacy
11. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Mohn_z06.jpg
12. Chmielewski H. (1997). ”Tytus Romek i A’Tomek Księga XXIII”. Warsaw, Poland, title page