1. A rectangular loop orthodontic appliance allows for precise 3D control of severe malpositioned teeth and single tooth discrepancies. 2. It is fabricated from stainless steel or titanium wire in a rectangular shape between 6-10mm and produces low-friction controlled forces on teeth. 3. This precise force system allows for highly controlled tooth movement with less tipping compared to other appliances.

3. 4mm 4mm
3.5mm3.5mm
4.5mm 4.5mm
៤.៥ មម
៣.៥ មម
៤ មម ៤ មម ៤.៥ មម៣.៥ មម
ឧបមាថា
IFF

4. 4mm 4mm
3.5mm3.5mm
4.5mm 4.5mm
៤.៥ មម
៣.៥ មម
៤ មម ៤ មម ៤.៥ មម៣.៥ មម
ឧបមាថា
IFF

5. Intrusion and clock
wise rotation
Extrusion and counter
clock wise rotation
ចេញចរៅ និង េលនា
ផ្ទ ុយពីររនិេនាឡិកា
េូលក្ន ុងនិង េលនា
ររនិេនាឡិកា

6. Intrusion and clock
wise rotation
Extrusion and counter
clock wise rotation
ចេញចរៅ និង េលនា
ផ្ទ ុយពីររនិេនាឡិកា
េូលក្ន ុងនិង េលនា
ររនិេនាឡិកា

7. Intrusion and clock
wise rotation
Extrusion and counter
clock wise rotation
ចេញចរៅ និង េលនា
ផ្ទ ុយពីររនិេនាឡិកា
េូលក្ន ុងនិង េលនា
ររនិេនាឡិកា

8. Very hard to control biomechanics force
ចៅចពលតររង់ចមេញគឺពិបាក្ក្ន ុងការរគប់រគងរិសចៅេលនារចញ៉េរញញ៉េ
េលនា
រចញ៉េរ
ញញ៉េ
So complex movement of
tooth

9. rectangular loop
1. A rectangular loop is for
tridimensional control severe
positioning anomalies.
2. three‐dimensional control of
single‐tooth discrepancies.
3. Fabricated with stainless steel 0.017
x 0.025-in wire or β-Ti wire
between 6 and 7 mm in the
cerviccal-occlusal direction, and
between 8 and 10 mm in the
mesiodistal direction.
4. Low load deflection and frictionless.
5. Used first, second and third order
bends
6. Moment to force ratio delivered to
active unit.
7. well‐defined force systems that lead
to highly controlled tooth
movement.
8. rectangular loop produced less
tipping in large deflections

10. rectangular loop
1. A rectangular loop is for
tridimensional control severe
positioning anomalies.
2. three‐dimensional control of
single‐tooth discrepancies.
3. Fabricated with stainless steel 0.017
x 0.025-in wire or β-Ti wire
between 6 and 7 mm in the
cerviccal-occlusal direction, and
between 8 and 10 mm in the
mesiodistal direction.
4. Low load deflection and frictionless.
5. Used first, second and third order
bends
6. Moment to force ratio delivered to
active unit.
7. well‐defined force systems that lead
to highly controlled tooth
movement.
8. rectangular loop produced less
tipping in large deflections

11. rectangular loop
1. A rectangular loop is for
tridimensional control severe
positioning anomalies.
2. three‐dimensional control of
single‐tooth discrepancies.
3. Fabricated with stainless steel 0.017
x 0.025-in wire or β-Ti wire
between 6 and 7 mm in the
cerviccal-occlusal direction, and
between 8 and 10 mm in the
mesiodistal direction.
4. Low load deflection and frictionless.
5. Used first, second and third order
bends
6. Moment to force ratio delivered to
active unit.
7. well‐defined force systems that lead
to highly controlled tooth
movement.
8. rectangular loop produced less
tipping in large deflections

12. rectangular loop
1. A rectangular loop is for
tridimensional control severe
positioning anomalies.
2. three‐dimensional control of
single‐tooth discrepancies.
3. Fabricated with stainless steel 0.017
x 0.025-in wire or β-Ti wire
between 6 and 7 mm in the
cerviccal-occlusal direction, and
between 8 and 10 mm in the
mesiodistal direction.
4. Low load deflection and frictionless.
5. Used first, second and third order
bends
6. Moment to force ratio delivered to
active unit.
7. well‐defined force systems that lead
to highly controlled tooth
movement.
8. rectangular loop produced less
tipping in large deflections

13. rectangular loop
1. A rectangular loop is for
tridimensional control severe
positioning anomalies.
2. three‐dimensional control of
single‐tooth discrepancies.
3. Fabricated with stainless steel 0.017
x 0.025-in wire or β-Ti wire
between 6 and 7 mm in the
cerviccal-occlusal direction, and
between 8 and 10 mm in the
mesiodistal direction.
4. Low load deflection and frictionless.
5. Used first, second and third order
bends
6. Moment to force ratio delivered to
active unit.
7. well‐defined force systems that lead
to highly controlled tooth
movement.
8. rectangular loop produced less
tipping in large deflections.
9. Other………………………………………..
10. Many design …………………………….