This document discusses various orthodontic appliances used for intrusion, including the three-piece intrusion arch, Rickets utility arch, K-SIR appliance, and Connecticut Intrusion Arch. It describes how each appliance works and its advantages. The three-piece intrusion arch uses an intrusive cantilever to simultaneously intrude and retract anterior teeth. The Rickets utility arch engages two molars and four incisors to intrude lower incisors. The K-SIR appliance modifies loop mechanics to simultaneously intrude and retract teeth. The Connecticut Intrusion Arch incorporates characteristics of the utility arch and conventional intrusion arch to achieve absolute intrusion of anterior teeth.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Functional malocclusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
MBT system in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Functional malocclusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
MBT system in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Intrusion in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Biomechanics of headgears in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic course...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Introduction
History
Indications and contraindications
Timing of distalization
Second molar extraction
Mandibular molar distalization
Rickett’s criterion
Classification and various distalization appliances
References
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Intrusion in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Biomechanics of headgears in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic course...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Introduction
History
Indications and contraindications
Timing of distalization
Second molar extraction
Mandibular molar distalization
Rickett’s criterion
Classification and various distalization appliances
References
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Intrusion mechanic and appliances /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Ind...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Biomechnics in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian de...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Segmented arch technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Orthodontic wires are used to carry out the necessary tooth movements as part of orthodontic treatment. A variety of materials are used to produce orthodontic wires. The archwire has been an integral part of the orthodontic appliance, and the high esthetic demand by the patient, along with the introduction of composite and ceramic brackets initiated research for esthetic archwires to go with these brackets. Esthetic archwires available are composite, optiflex and coated archwires. Appropriate use of all the available wire types may enhance patient comfort and reduce chairside time as well as the duration of treatment. The individual clinician must always know and understand the needs and options at every stage of therapy
The art of orthodontics involves correction of the position of teeth and the relation of craniofacial structures.
The Teeth are moved by the use of forces and moments, which are delivered through the use of various types of wires.
From the beginning of the profession, different types of wires have been introduced to provide forces to move teeth.
Light and Continuous Forces have always been sought, and operators have tried to achieve this in a variety of ways.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Adjuncts in straight wire technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by ...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Adjuncts in swa /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Tip edge applaince 2 /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ac...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Begg light-wire appliance remains unique in the history of orthodontic innovation. Whereas many current self-ligating bracket appliances purport to be low friction or friction free, it is the Begg appliance that best exemplifies low friction, free sliding mechanics.
By creating only a single point of contact between the bracket and the arch-wire Dr Begg was able to greatly decrease resistance to sliding, both by reducing friction between the bracket and the arch-wire and virtually eliminating the binding of the arch-wire in the bracket slot, as is seen in all horizontal slot brackets.
Begg’s bracket design allowed teeth to freely tip mesially and distally as well as lingually and labially. This often gave teeth the appearance of being over tipped during treatment and required considerable diligence by Begg practitioners to keep tooth movement under control.
This freedom of tooth movement allowed unprecedented correction of large overbites and overjets to an edge-to-edge position and rapid closure of extraction spaces by initially tipping the adjacent teeth into the extraction site and uprighting the teeth afterwards.
Individual tooth root correction was managed by the use of fine springs that were designed, and often individually crafted to upright, torque and rotate teeth into their correct positions once the position of tooth crowns had been established.
One key advantage of the appliance set up was the use of light elastic forces for the correction of anterior overbites and overjets. All anchorage could be established intra-orally without headgear, without the need for ancillary appliances such as trans-palatal arches, or needing to set up molar anchorage prior to treatment, as Dr Tweed advocated.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
2. The intrusive tooth movement is used in the
correction of overbite.
anterior segment intrusion in deep bite cases
posterior segment intrusion in open bite cases
INTRODUCTION
3. “Intrusion refers to the apical movement of
the geometric center of the root (centroid) in
respect to the occlusal plane or plane based on the
long axis of the tooth.”
4. TYPES
TRUE INTRUSION OR ABSOLUTE INTRUSION
RELATIVE INTRUSION
- achieved by preventing eruption of the
incisors, while growth provides vertical space into
which the posteriors erupt.
PSEUDO-INTRUSION
- labial tipping of an incisor around
its centroid.
5. PRINCIPLES OF INTRUSION
(BURSTONE AJO 1977)
• Controlling force magnitude
• Anterior single point contacts
• Point of force application
• Selective intrusion
• Control of reactive units
• Avoid extrusive mechanics
6. SELECTIVE INTRUSION
Leveling with a continuous arch or with a sectional
wire can produce undesirable side effects.
Many times the overbite is corrected not because of
intrusion but by extrusion.
7. AVOID EXTRUSIVE MECHANICS
Extrusive mechanics such as employing
class II or class III elastics should be
avoided in patient who need genuine
intrusion.
12. This auxiliary archwire was developed and
refined by Ricketts for bioprogressive therapy.
The utility arch engages only two molars and
the four incisors. It is commonly known as a 2
X 4 appliance.
13. MATERIALS FOR UTILITY ARCH
Blue Elgiloy of 0.016" x 0.016"
0.016" x 0.022”
Dimension in an 0.022" slot.
A utility arch can even be made with
0.014"
or 0.018" round wires.
14. PARTS OF UTILITY ARCH
Incisal
segment
Posterior
vertical
segment
Vestibular segment
Molar
segment
Anterior
vertical
segment
15. It produces 60-100 gms on the lower incisors for
intrusion.
The overall effect is intrusion and possible torqueing
of the lower incisors as well as tipping back of the
molars.
5 mm space between the anterior border of the
auxiliary tube and the posterior vertical segment of
the utility arch allows tying back the utility arch.
17. • The tip back bend in the
molar segment leads to
posterior tipping of the
first molars.
• Which can be avoided by
placing a gable bend in the
posterior aspect of the
vestibular segment or a
transpalatal arch can be
used.
19. • The K-SIR ( Kalra Simultaneous
Intrusion and Retraction ) archwire
is a modification of the segmented
loop mechanics of Burstone and
Nanda
K-SIR archwire: .019“x.025" TMA
archwire with closed U-loops 7mm long
and 2mm wide.
20. • 90o V bend is placed at the level of each ‘U’ loop
• This ‘V’ bend when placed between first molar & canine during
space closure, creates two equal and opposite moments to
counter the moments caused by the activation forces of closing
loops.
21. • Archwire with off-center 60° V-bend placed about 2mm distal
to U-loop.
• Off-center V-bend creates greater moment on molar, increasing
molar anchorage and intrusion of anterior teeth.
22. • To prevent the buccal
segments from rolling
mesio lingually due to the
force produced by the loop
activation, a 20° anti-
rotation bend is placed in
the archwire just distal to
each U-loop .
23. A. Trial activation performed on each loop.
B. Archwire after trial activation
24. Neutral position of loop
determined with mesial
and distal legs extended
horizontally. In neutral
position, loop is 3.5mm
rather than 2mm wide.
25. A. K-SIR archwire in place prior to cinching back
B. Archwire cinched back to activate loop about 3mm, so that mesial and
distal legs are barely separated.
26. o Simplicity of design
o Less likely to cause tissue impingement.
o 0.019 x 0.025 TMA provides sufficient strength to resist distortion and
enough stiffness to generate the required moments.
o The superior material properties of TMA compared to stainless steel
o Reduced treatment time due to en-masse retraction.
o Frictionless mechanics
o Presence of offset V-bends act as anchor bends
o Molar anchor control is excellent even without headgear.
ADVANTAGES
28. oabsolute intrusion of anterior teeth
omolar tip-back for Class II correction
opreparation of posterior anchorage
oincisor flaring
ocorrection of minor open bites
olevelling of anterior occlusal cants
USES
29. It incorporates the characteristics of the utility arch as
well as those of the conventional intrusion arch.
Preformed with the appropriate bends
Two wire sizes are available:
.016 x .022
.017 x .025
Anterior dimensions of maxillary 34mm & mandibular
28mm, respectively.
The bypass, located distal to the lateral incisors, is
available in two different lengths to accommodate for
extraction, non-extraction, and mixed dentition cases.
30. The CIA’s basic mechanism for
force delivery is a V-bend
calibrated to deliver
approximately 40-60g of force.
Upon insertion, the V-bend lies
just anterior to the molar
brackets.
When the arch is activated, a
simple force system results,
consisting of a vertical force in
the anterior region and a
moment in the posterior region.
When the laterals are at a higher level than the centrals. These are not to be levelled by inserting a wire into all their brackets( continuous wire) because this would cause more extrusion of the laterals and a very little intrusion of centrals
Also the mesio distal moments ---undesirable.
Inhibition of eruption of posterir teeth
-The anterior segment is bent gingivally distal to the laterals and then bent horizontally creating a step of approximately 3mm.
-The distal part extends posteriorly to the distal end of the canine bracket where it is formed into a hook.
-The anterior segment should be made of 0.021”x0.025” stainless steel wire to prevent side effects created by bending of the wire during force application.
-The intrusion cantilevers are made from 0.017" X 0.025" TMA wire.
-The wire is first bent gingivally mesial to the molar tube and then a helix is formed. On the mesial end the cantilever, hook is bent through which the intrusion force can be applied to the anterior segment.
-The cantilever is then activated by the making a bend mesial to the helix at the molar tube, and then cinched back.
The anterior segment which is extended till the distal end of the canine bracket, i.e., 2-3 mm distal to the center of resistance of the anterior segment of teeth allows distal placement of the intrusive force, which is desired in a case of flared incisors.
-A small distal force can be added by placing an elastomeric chain extending form the molars to the anterior segment of wire on each side.
-An intrusive force through the centre of resistance of the four incisors will cause pure intrusion of these incisors along the line of action of the force.
If the intrusive force is placed distal to the centre of resistance and an appropriate small distal force is applied, intrusion and simultaneous retraction of the anterior teeth occurs. This is because of the clockwise moment created around the centre of resistance of the anterior segment
The overall force system includes an anterior intrusive force and a posterior extrusive force and a tip back moment.
But, when a small force is added between the anterior and posterior segments with an elastomeric chain a posterior tip forward moment is formed. This added force which produces a top forward moment on the posterior, reduces the tip back moment on posteriors and thus occlusal plane to tip.
2 couple system….
Two types of forces can be produced using the design which are retraction and intrusion.
Retraction can be achieved by grasping the end of the molar segment with a Weingart plier distal to the molar tube and then turning this segment gingivally after pulling the wire posteriorly through the tube. This type of activation prevents proclination of the lower incisors during intrusion
Intrusion of the anterior teeth can be produced in one of the two ways:
After ligating the utility arch into the anterior brackets, an intrusive force can be produced by placing an occlusally directed gable bend in the posterior portion of the vestibular segment of the archwire
Other type of activation involves placing a tip back bend in the molar segment. The tip back bend causes the incisal segment of the archwire to lie in the vestibular sulcus. The intrusive force is created by placing the incisal segment of the utility arch into the bracket of the incisors. This activation creates a moment that allows for the long action of the lever arm of the utility arch to intrude the incisors.
To obtain bodily movement and preventing tipping of teeth into extraction space a 90o Vbend is placed at the level of each ‘U’ loop, this ‘V’ bend when placed between first molar & canine during space closure, creates two equal and opposite moments to counter the moments caused by the activation forces of closing loops.
Trial activation to release stress
When the loops are first activated, the tipping moments generated by the retraction force will be greater than the opposing moments produced by the V-bends in the archwire. This will initially cause controlled tipping of the teeth into the extraction sites.
As the loops deactivate and the force decreases, the moment-to-force ratio will increase to cause first bodily and then root movement of the teeth. The archwire should therefore not be reactivated at short intervals, but only every six to eight weeks until all space has been closed.
The archwire is typically in place for four to five months.
By Nanda R, JCO 1998 dec 32 (12): 708-15
A slight difference in placement may alter the force system during activation. The moment created at the molar will also vary. These minor changes can be measured with a spring gauge when the arch is inserted, and the necessary adjustments can be made to ensure proper force delivery.