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Network File System
(NFS)
Presented By:

Chandan Padalkar
Introduction


Developed by SUN Microsystems in 1984



Allows users to access files and directories
located on remote computers



Builds on ONC RPC system



Mechanism for storing files on a network
Platforms
 NFS

most commonly used with UNIX
systems

 Other

software platforms-

Mac OS, Microsoft Windows, Novell NetWare, etc.
Versions and
Variations
Version 1


Sun used only for in-house experimental
purposes



Did not release it to the public
Version 2
 Defined

in RFC 1094, March 1989

 Originally
 Designers

operated entirely over UDP

meant to keep the
protocol stateless
Version 3
 Defined

in RFC 1813, June 1995

 Support

for 64-bit file sizes

 Handle
 Did

files larger than 4GB

not release it to the public
Version 4
 RFC

3010, December 2000,
Revised in RFC 3530, April 2003

 Mandates

strong security

 Introduces

a stateful protocol
Main goal of NFS protocol


NFS protocol designed without states. That’s why
it’s very easy to recover server or client, because
there are no states for them.



NFS designed to support UNIX file system
semantic, but protocol design can be adopted to
support any file system semantic



NFS protocol design doesn’t depend on transport
protocols. It’s used with UDP by default, but still
can be used with TCP protocol.
NFS Architecture
Client computer

Server computer

ApplicationApplication
program program
UNIX
system calls
Virtual file system

Operations
on local files
UNIX
file
system

Other
file system

UNIX kernel

UNIX kernel
Operations
on
remote files

NFS
client

NFS protocol
(remote operations)

Virtual file system

NFS
server

UNIX
file
system
Communication
NFS Protocol
RPC request

Action

CREATE

Creates (or truncates) a file in the directory

LINK

Creates a hard link

LOOKUP

Looks up a file in the directory

MKDIR

Makes a directory

READADDR

Reads the contents of a directory

REMOVE

Removes a file in the directory

RENAME

Renames a file in the directory

RMDIR

Removes a directory

SYMLINK

Creates a symbolic link
RPC request

Action

GETATTR

Get file attribute

SETATTR

Set file attribute

LOOKUP

File name search

ACCESS

Check access

READ

Read file

WRITE

Write to the file

CREATE

Create file

REMOVE

Remove file

RENAME

Rename file
NFS Advantages


Excellent e.g. of a simple, robust, highperformance distributed service



Hardware and software operating system
heterogeneity



Security
Practical Uses of NFS


Share a CD-ROM or other media with any
number of clients



Central NFS server on which all user
home directories are stored



Sharing the directory
THANK YOU

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Network File System in Distributed Computing

  • 1. Network File System (NFS) Presented By: Chandan Padalkar
  • 2. Introduction  Developed by SUN Microsystems in 1984  Allows users to access files and directories located on remote computers  Builds on ONC RPC system  Mechanism for storing files on a network
  • 3. Platforms  NFS most commonly used with UNIX systems  Other software platforms- Mac OS, Microsoft Windows, Novell NetWare, etc.
  • 5. Version 1  Sun used only for in-house experimental purposes  Did not release it to the public
  • 6. Version 2  Defined in RFC 1094, March 1989  Originally  Designers operated entirely over UDP meant to keep the protocol stateless
  • 7. Version 3  Defined in RFC 1813, June 1995  Support for 64-bit file sizes  Handle  Did files larger than 4GB not release it to the public
  • 8. Version 4  RFC 3010, December 2000, Revised in RFC 3530, April 2003  Mandates strong security  Introduces a stateful protocol
  • 9. Main goal of NFS protocol  NFS protocol designed without states. That’s why it’s very easy to recover server or client, because there are no states for them.  NFS designed to support UNIX file system semantic, but protocol design can be adopted to support any file system semantic  NFS protocol design doesn’t depend on transport protocols. It’s used with UDP by default, but still can be used with TCP protocol.
  • 10. NFS Architecture Client computer Server computer ApplicationApplication program program UNIX system calls Virtual file system Operations on local files UNIX file system Other file system UNIX kernel UNIX kernel Operations on remote files NFS client NFS protocol (remote operations) Virtual file system NFS server UNIX file system
  • 12. NFS Protocol RPC request Action CREATE Creates (or truncates) a file in the directory LINK Creates a hard link LOOKUP Looks up a file in the directory MKDIR Makes a directory READADDR Reads the contents of a directory REMOVE Removes a file in the directory RENAME Renames a file in the directory RMDIR Removes a directory SYMLINK Creates a symbolic link
  • 13. RPC request Action GETATTR Get file attribute SETATTR Set file attribute LOOKUP File name search ACCESS Check access READ Read file WRITE Write to the file CREATE Create file REMOVE Remove file RENAME Rename file
  • 14. NFS Advantages  Excellent e.g. of a simple, robust, highperformance distributed service  Hardware and software operating system heterogeneity  Security
  • 15. Practical Uses of NFS  Share a CD-ROM or other media with any number of clients  Central NFS server on which all user home directories are stored  Sharing the directory