3. The Earth spins on its axis while it orbits the Sun. One rotation of
the Earth takes 24 hours (one day) to complete. Its axis is also
tilted like the axis on a globe.
4.
5.
6. Tides are the rise and fall of the seas and oceans. They are caused by
the gravitational pull of the Moon (due to its proximity) and the Sun
(due to its size). This means water is pulled in both directions and
results in:
• Rises and falls every six hours
• Two high tides and two low tides every day
When we are at the beach sometimes we can see a lot of sand
and sometimes very little sand. This is because oceans have tides
7. Physical Maps show the main
features of the landscape:
deserts, mountains, rivers and
lakes.
Political Maps show man-
made features: cities,
roads and borders.
An Atlas is a book that contains maps
of every country and continent in the
world and information about
population, climate and physical and
political maps.
We can use maps for 2D representations of the Earth and globes for 3D representations. Both are
slightly inaccurate as the planet is not flat nor a perfect sphere.
8. • The horizontal lines are parallels
(lines of latitude)
• The vertical lines are meridians (lines
of longitude).
• Meridian lines run through the poles
and across the equator
9.
10. Telescopes that use lenses are called refracting
telescopes. They were the earliest type of telescope.
Modern telescopes usually use mirrors and are called
reflecting telescopes
Space telescopes are reflecting telescopes. They are
launched into orbit and allow astronomers to study
space without interference from the Earth’s
atmosphere.
