Energy comes from various sources including the sun, coal, oil, natural gas, uranium, wind, and water. It exists in different forms such as kinetic, potential, chemical, thermal, light, sound, electrical, nuclear, and gravitational. Energy sources are either renewable, coming from sources that replenish, like solar, wind, and hydropower, or non-renewable, from finite sources like coal, oil, and natural gas. While non-renewables are widely used, they cause pollution, global warming, and acid rain, harming health and the environment. Small steps like recycling, reusing, reducing waste, and conserving electricity can help protect the planet.

2. Energy

3. What is energy???
• The Earth and the planets are moving around the Sun
• Energy is necessary for all these changes and movements
• We get this energy from the food and drink that we consume
• Cars get energy from petrol and diesel

4. Where does energy come from???
• The Sun is our main source of energy
• it sends out energy in the form of solar radiation
• The Sun gives the Earth the heat and light that living organisms need
• Other sources of energy on Earth:
- coal
- oil
- natural gas
- uranium
- wind
- water

5. Forms of energy
• Kinetic energy – is energy in motion (moving wind, moving water)
• Potential energy – is stored energy (can be stored in water in a lake,
in coal, in uranium or in wood)
Energy can change from one form to another

6. Other forms of energy
• Chemical energy – stored in food, fuel or batteries
• Thermal energy – in the form of heat
• Light energy – in the form of light
• Sound energy – released by vibrating objects
• Electrical energy – gives power to homes and industries
• Nuclear energy – stored in atoms
• Gravitational energy – stored in objects that are high up

7. Renewable and Non-renewable
energy sources
• Renewable energy sources
- Are unlimited because they are being replaced constantly
- It is also known as green or clean energy
• Non-renewable energy sources
- Energy sources that cannot be replenished (made again) in a short
period of time
- They will eventually run out

8. • Renewable energy
- Geothermal energy
- Biomass
- Hydropower
- Solar energy
- Wind energy
• Non-renewable energy
- Coal
- Oil (petroleum)
- Natural gas
- Uranium

9. Disadvantages of non-renewable
energy sources
•Pollution
•Global warming
• Acid rain

10. Pollution
• During the process of burning
fuel (combustion) harmful
substances (carbon dioxide and
other gases) are produced
• These harmful waste products
affect our health and the
environment
The ozone layer absorbs most of the harmful ultraviolet rays coming
from the Sun. Gases used in sprays, fridges and fire extinguishers
damage the ozone layer. It has got thinner.

11. Global warming
• Is caused by high levels of
carbon dioxide in the Earth’s
atmosphere
• It means that the temperature
in Earth increases
• The polar ice caps melt, the sea
level rises and ecosystems
change

12. Acid rain
• Is the result of the harmful gases
(produced in the combustion of
fossil fuels) which react with
water in the atmosphere
• Acid rain makes water in
streams, rivers and lakes toxic

13. Taking care of our planet
• The Three R’s:
- Recycle (glass, paper, cardboard, plastic)
- Reuse (bottles and plastic bags)
- Reduce (the waste that we produce)

14. Ten small steps
• Separate rubbish into different bins
• Turn off the lights when you leave the room
• Turn off other electric things (TVs, computers) when you’re not using
them
• Have a shower instead of a bath
• Turn off the tap while you’re brushing your teeth
• Use special light bulbs that save energy
• Reuse plastic bags when you go shopping
• Use rechargeable batteries
• Use public transport, cycle or walk
• Use recycled paper