4. two SortS of StatiSticS
• Descriptive statistics
– To describe and summarize the characteristics
of the sample
– Fall within the class of exploratory techniques
• Inferential statistics
– To infer something about the population from
the sample
– Lie within the class of confirmatory methods
5. Features oF statistics
• Aggregate of facts
• Numerically expressed
• Affected by multiplicity of causes
• Reasonable accuracy
• Placed in relation to each other
• Pre determined purpose
• Enumerated or estimated
• Collected in systematic manner
6. Functions oF statistics
• Expression of facts in numbers
example: there is lot of unemployment in
India or population is increasing at a faster
rate are not in a numerical form, it should
in numerical terms like population in 2016
would be 15% more as compared to 2010.
• Simple presentation
• Enlarge individual knowledge and
experiences
7. Contd.
• Comparison of facts
• Facilitates in policy formulation
example : how much food is required to
be imported in 2016?
depends on the food production in 2016
and the demand for food in 2016.
• Formulation and testing of hypothesis
• Helps other sciences in testing their laws.
8. Contd.
• Establishes relationship between facts
• Helps in forecasting
• Presentation of data in a condensed form
• Reduce the complexity of data
• Draw rational conclusions
