internet is a network of network

1. History of internet
Made by : Bhupinder Kaur
Department of Commerce
S.D.COLLEGE, AMBALA CANTT

3. History of internet
• The Internet origin comes from a military project.
• 1957:The Cold War was in full swing in the
1950s, and the US was worried about the Soviet
Union’s growing scientific prowess. Because of
Sputnik 1, launched in 1957, the US military
was concerned about the Soviet Union
attacking from space and destroying the US
long-distance communications network.
• 1958: The United States government creates
the Advanced Research Projects Agency, which is
later responsible for ARPANet and the Internet.

4. ARPANET: Advanced Research Projects Agency
• The existing national defense network relied
on telephone lines and wires that were
susceptible to damage. In 1962, J.C.R.
Licklider, a scientist from ARPA and MIT,
suggested connecting computers to keep a
communications network active in the US in
the event of a nuclear attack.
• This network came to be known as the ARPA
Network, or ARPAnet.

5. Contd.
• 1971
• ARPANET was connecting 23 mini-computers
in different universities and institutes in the
United States, and was using the network
control protocol (NCP) to transfer data.

6. National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET)
• The Stanford University Network was the first local
area network connecting distant workstations.
• In 1981, the NSF expanded ARPAnet to national
computer science researchers when it funded the
Computer Science Network (CSNET).
• 1983: ARPAnet adopted the transmission control
protocol (TCP)in1983 and separated out the military
network (MILnet), assigning a subset for public
research. Launched formally as the National Science
Foundation Network (NSFNET) in 1985, engineers
designed it to connect university computer science
departments across the US.

7. Contd.
• 1984
• The ARPANET was divided into two separate
networks of MILNET and ARPANET.
MILNET was used for military purposes and
ARPANET was used for research and
educational purposes. There was about 1000
hosts connected to ARPANET.

8. www: world wide web
• 1989 saw a major step forward in internet
communications. Tim Berners-
Lee of the European Organization for Nuclear
Research (CERN) created the hypertext transfer
protocol (http), a standardization that gave
diverse computer platforms the ability to access
the same internet sites. For this reason, Berners-
Lee is widely regarded as the father of the world
wide web (www).

9. Contd.
• 1994
• The Internet grows significantly since it was open
for commercial use. The National Science
Foundation announced the four major network
access points (NAPS).
• Internet Seach Engines Started:
Yahoo
Excite
Infoseek