Business Communication & Value Science

18MBH161T – Business
Communication & Value Science - I
UNIT 1
Dr.A.Kathirvel, Professor
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering
Faculty of Engineering & Technology,
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Vadapalani campus, Chennai
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UNIT 1
• Overview of Leadership Oriented Learning (LOL) Theory and Practice
• Activity on introducing Self - Introducing self and SWOT
• Class activity – presentation on favorite cricket captain in IPL - The skills and values they demonstrate
• Self-work with immersion – interview a maid, watchman and Sweeper and narrate what you think are the values that drive
them Report on interview
• Self-work with immersion – interview a cab driver, beggar and narrate what you think are the values that drive them
• Report on interview
• Overview of business communication - Types and techniques
• Activity: Write a newspaper report on an IPL match Compare the report with friends
• Activity: Record a conversation between a celebrity and an interviewer. Quiz Time
• Self-Awareness: Identity, Self-assessment, Self-Awareness: Body Awareness and Self-Awareness: Stress Management
• Essential Grammar – I: Refresher on Parts of Speech – Listen to an audio clip and note down the different parts of speech
followed by discussion. Tenses: Applications of tenses in Functional Grammar – Take a quiz and then discuss
• Sentence formation (general & Technical), Common errors, Voices. Show sequence from film where a character uses wrong
Sentence structure (e.g. Zindagi Na MilegiDobara where the characters use ‘the’ before every word)

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Copyright © 2013 Tata Consultancy Services Limited. All Rights Reserved
October 28, 2020

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Contents (Flow)
Day 01
Introduction of self
Self evaluation questionnaire
Leadership Oriented Learning (LOL)
SWOT
Join FB page
Day 02
Stories of Courage
Class activity –cricket captain in IPL
Skills and values
Self-work – interview a maid,
watchman
Report on interview
Post on FB Page
Day 3
Report on interview
Business communication
Types and techniques
Day 4
Activity:Write a
newspaper report on an
IPL match Compare the
report with friends
Activity: Record a
conversation between a
celebrity and an
interviewer. QuizTime
Day 5
Self-Awareness: Identity
Body and Stress Management
EssentialGrammar – I
Formative Evaluation on Oral
Communication
Learnings
Day 6
Sentence formation (general &
Technical),Common errors,
Voices.
Unit Summative: Quiz

01 Orientation to LOL
DAY
Orientation To
LOL

21st Century Leadership

Discussion topics:
• Comparison of 20th & 21st century skills
and learners
• 21st century curriculum and teaching
strategies
• Characteristics and challenges of the 21st
century leader
• Best practices of exemplary leadership

Eleanor O’Connor
Former Principal, Guidance Counselor,
Project Coordinator, & Teacher

The Skills Gap
• Gap between skills required for a job and the talent pool
• Currently 14 million unemployed Americans
• Siemens Corporation has 3400 jobs available now including engineering,
sales, and production but they can not find skilled workers
• Only 10% of perspective employees pass placement tests
• Manpower Survey:52% of U.S. employers report trouble filling available jobs.

Knowledge and Skills Needed for the 21st Century
• Core Content Standards
• Critical Thinking/Problem Solving Ability
• Collaboration and Team Work
• Interpersonal Skills
• Written and Oral Communication
• Career Preparation
• Ethics/Professionalism
• Technology Literacy
• Leadership/Project Management
• Information and Communication
• Self Directional Skills

Digital Natives vs. Digital Immigrants
• Digital Natives-“Wired” to their digital tools-cell phones,
computers, TV, video games, email, Facebook, Twitter,
iPods, etc.
• Learn and motivated by the use of digital technologies
• Digital Immigrants- Not knowledgeable and comfortable
with the use of digital tools.

Digital Media Use Among Children and Teens
• Study by Kaiser Family Foundation
• 8-18 year olds spend an average of 7 hours and 38 minutes per day using
entertainment media (More than 53 hours/week)
• Time spent with media increased 1 hour and 17 minutes per day over the last
5 years
• Only 3 in 10 youngsters have limits by parents on time spent watching TV,
playing videogames, or using the computer.
• Black and Hispanic children spend more time with media than white children
(4 and ½ hours more than white children)

Differences between 21st Century Students and Teachers
Most 21st Century Students Many Teachers
Unafraid of technology Hesitant to use new technology
Learning should be relevant and fun Learning is to teach the curriculum
Use pictures, video, sound, then text Text is the first source for knowledge
Comfortable in virtual and real space Most comfortable in real space
Many kinesthetic learners Primarily visual/auditory learners

20th vs. 21st Century Learning
20th Century 21st Century
Focus: Learning from meaningful facts Focus: What students know and can
do
Students are isolated within
classroom’s four walls
Students work collaboratively with
classmates and local, state, national,
and global community
Teacher Dominated Student Centered
Students are passive learners Students are active learners
Text Book Driven/“Chalk and Talk” Research Driven
Fragmented Curriculum Integrated and interdisciplinary
curriculum
Much of the Curriculum is not relevant
to students
Curriculum connected to real world,
student interests, experiences, talents

Assessment: The teacher evaluates
student work
Assessment: Teacher, self, peers,
public audience, authentic assessment
Factory Model-Based on needs of
employees in the 19th century
Global Model: Based on the needs of
a globalized, high tech society
Print is the primary vehicle of learning
and assessment
Performances, projects, and media
are used in learning and assessment
Lessons generally focus on lower
levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy
(knowledge, comprehension, and
applications)
Learning is designed by higher levels
of Bloom’s Taxonomy (synthesis,
analysis, evaluation)

21st Century Curriculum
• Interdisciplinary
• Research Based
• Project Based Learning/Thematic
• Collaborative
• Higher Order Thinking Skills
• Multiple Intelligences/Provides for Differentiation
• Use of Technology/Multimedia
• Service Learning
• Authentic Assessment
• Essential Skills
• Connected to the Community (Local/State/National/Global)

21st Century Physical Learning Environment
• Large learning area (1400-1800 sq. feet)
• Flexible furniture-easily rearranged
• Areas for individual and group work and presentations
• Computers for each student with Internet access
• Networked-Linkage for entire school Teachers, students, and parents to collaborate and work together
and with local, national, global community
• Smartboards, cameras, projectors, microphones, facilities for video production
• Ability to upload and download students’ work and research to learning management systems to
support “any where/any time learning” and collaboration
• Networked photo copiers that can scan, email and fax
• Comfortable and inviting furniture and spaces

21st Century Learning Strategies
• Student Centered
• Project/Problem Based Learning
• Real World Contexts/Connections
• Use of Digital Communications for Global Learning
• Authentic Formative Assessments-Online, Continual Teacher, Self, Peers, Public Audience
assessments
• Collaborative/ Team and Individualize Learning
• Use of Information and Communication Technologies-Providing Integration of Technology
• Inquiry Based/Discovery Learning
• Differentiated Learning

Characteristics of the 21st Century Leader
• Instructional Experience
• Fluency with skills and knowledge required for the 21st century learner
• Belief in the ability of students and teachers to succeed
• High expectations
• Problem solver
• Visionary
• Strategic planner
• Excellent organization skills
• Excellent interpersonal skills
• Technological Expertise
• Exceptional Personal Qualities- Ethics, courage, persistence, flexibility, self confidence, humanity,
humor

The 21st Century Leader is Transformative
• Transformational Leadership Theory
– Changes and Transforms People
– Affective Domain
– Follower Development
– Visionary
» Northhouse, P. (2010). Leadership: Theory and practice. 5th ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage. 171.

The 21st Century Leader is a Visionary
All men dream; but not equally.
Those who dream by night in the dusty
recesses of their minds
Awake to find that it was vanity;
But the dreamers of day are dangerous men,
That they may act their dreams with open
eyes to make it possible.
-T.E. Lawrence

The 21st Century Leader is a
Change Agent
“Leaders overcome resistance to change by creating
visions of the future that evoke confidence in and mastery
of new organizational practices.” - W. Bennis & B. Nanus

The 21st Century Leader is a Communicator
Bennis, W. & B. Nanus. (1985). Leaders: The strategies for taking
charge. New York: Harper and Row.

The Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership
• Model the Way
• Inspire a Shared Vision
• Challenge the Process
• Enable Others to Act
• Encourage the Heart
» Kouzes, J. & Posner, B. (2007). The leadership challenge. 4th ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

The 21st Century Leader
is Proactive
• Instructional Changes
– Common Core Standards
– Articulation, K-16
• Research Changes
– High-yield, research-based strategies
– Emphasis on STEM
• The Competition
– Private Sector, Charters, Online

21st Century Educational Leadership
“Vision is the commodity of leaders and power is their
currency.”
Bennis, W. & B. Nanus. (1985). Leaders: The strategies for taking charge. New York: Harper and Row.

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SWOT
Analysis
S W O T

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SWOT Analysis
Example text
Go ahead and replace it with your
own text. This is an example text.
Your own footer Your Logo
Aim of SWOT Analysis
Who needs SWOT Analysis?
How to conduct SWOT Analysis?
Brainstorming & Prioritization in SWOT Analysis
Learning Objectives
What is SWOT Analysis?
Benefits & Pitfalls of SWOT Analysis
Tips & Exercise for SWOT Analysis

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SWOT
Analysis
Oppurtunity
Threats
Strengths
Weakness
Acronym for Strengths,
Weaknesses, Opportunities, and
Threats.
Technique is credited to Stanford
University in the 1960s and
1970s.
Planning tool used to
understand Strengths,
Weaknesses, Opportunities, &
Threats involved in a project /
business.Used as framework for
organizing and using data and
information gained from
situation analysis of internal and
external environment.
Technique that enables a group /
individual to move from
everyday problems / traditional
strategies to a fresh perspective.

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STRENGTHS
Characteristics of the business or a team
that give it an advantage over others in
the industry.
Positive tangible and intangible
attributes, internal to an organization.
Beneficial aspects of the organization
or the capabilities of an organization,
which includes human competencies,
process capabilities, financial
resources, products and services,
customer goodwill and brand loyalty.
Examples - Abundant financial resources,
Well-known brand name, Economies of
scale, Lower costs [raw materials or
processes], Superior management talent,
Better marketing skills, Good distribution
skills, Committed employees.

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OPPORTUNITIES
Chances to make greater profits in the
environment - External attractive factors
that represent the reason for an
organization to exist & develop.
Arise when an organization can take
benefit of conditions in its
environment to plan and execute
strategies that enable it to become
more profitable.
Organization should be careful and
recognize the opportunities and grasp
them whenever they arise. Opportunities
may arise from market, competition,
industry/government and technology.
Examples - Rapid market growth, Rival
firms are complacent, Changing customer
needs/tastes, New uses for product
discovered, Economic boom, Government
deregulation, Sales decline for a substitute
product .

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WEAKNESSES
Characteristics that place the firm at a
disadvantage relative to others.
Detract the organization from its
ability to attain the core goal and
influence its growth.
Weaknesses are the factors which do
not meet the standards we feel they
should meet. However, weaknesses
are controllable. They must be
minimized and eliminated.
Examples - Limited financial resources,
Weak spending on R & D, Very narrow
product line, Limited distribution, Higher
costs, Out-of-date products / technology,
Weak market image, Poor marketing skills,
Limited management skills, Under-trained
employees.

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SWOT ANALYSIS - THREAT
!
THREATS
External elements in the environment that
could cause trouble for the business -
External factors, beyond an organization’s
control, which could place the
organization’s mission or operation at risk.
Arise when conditions in external
environment jeopardize the reliability
and profitability of the organization’s
business.
Compound the vulnerability when they
relate to the weaknesses. Threats are
uncontrollable. When a threat comes, the
stability and survival can be at stake.
Examples - Entry of foreign competitors,
Introduction of new substitute products,
Product life cycle in decline, Changing
customer needs/tastes, Rival firms adopt
new strategies, Increased government
regulation, Economic downturn.

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S W
TO
To help decision makers
share and compare ideas.
To bring a clearer
common purpose and
understanding of factors
for success.
To organize the
important factors linked
to success and failure in
the business world.
To analyze issues that
have led to failure in the
past.
Aim of SWOT Analysis?
To provide linearity to
the decision making
process allowing
complex ideas to be
presented
systematically.

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Management
• When supervisor has issues with
work output
• Assigned to a new job
• New financial year – fresh targets
• Job holder seeks to improve
performance on the job
1
Business Unit
2
• When the team has not met its
targets
• Customer service can be better
• Launching a new business unit to
pursue a new business
• New team leader is appointed
Company
• When revenue, cost & expense
targets are not being achieved
• Market share is declining
• Industry conditions are unfavorable
• Launching a new business venture
3
Who needs SWOT Analysis?

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Goods & Services Evaluation
Brainstorming Meetings
Strategic Planning
Product Evaluation
Competitor Evaluation
Personal Development Planning
Decision Making
Product Launch
Effectiveness in Market
Who needs SWOT Analysis?SWOT Analysis is also
required for / during...

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3. Prepare Action Plans2. Perform SWOT Analysis
& Document
1. Analyze Internal &
External Environment

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1. Analyse Internal & External Environment

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Carry your findings forward - Make sure that the SWOT
analysis is used in subsequent planning. Revisit your
findings at suitable time intervals.
Create a workshop environment -
Encourage an atmosphere
conducive to the free flow of
information.
Allocate research & information gathering tasks
- Background preparation can be carried out in
two stages – Exploratory and Detailed.
Information on Strengths &Weaknesses should
focus on the internal factors & information on
Opportunities &Threats should focus on the
external factors.
Select contributors -
Expert opinion may be
required for SWOT
Establish the objectives - Purpose of
conducting a SWOT may be wide / narrow,
general / specific.
Evaluate listed ideas against Objectives
- With the lists compiled, sort and group
facts and ideas in relation to the
objectives.
List Strengths,
Weaknesses,
Opportunities, & threats
2. Perform SWOT Analysis & Document

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3. Prepare Action Plan
Things that MUST be addressed immediately
Once the SWOT analysis has been completed, mark each point with:
Things that can be handled now
Things that should be researched further
Things that should be planned for the future

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Benefits of SWOT Analysis
Forecasting
Provides a variety of information
critical to forecasted variables.
Threats, for e.g., can impact a
business's forecast. By
understanding the company's
advantages & disadvantages,
forecasts will be more accurate.
Decision MakingTool
Provides well-rounded
information that prompt
well-informed decisions.
Knowing the Competion
Reviews a company's competitors
& benchmarks against them to
configure strategies that will put
the company in a competitive
advantage.
Benefits of
SWOT
Analysis

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Benefits of SWOT Analysis
Helps in setting of objectives for strategic planning
Besides the broad benefits, here are few more benefits of conducting SWOT Analysis:
Provides a framework for identifying & analyzing strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities & threats
Provides an impetus to analyze a situation & develop suitable strategies
and tactics
Basis for assessing core capabilities & competencies
Evidence for, and cultural key to, change
Provides a stimulus to participation in a group experience

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Pitfalls of SWOT Analysis
Can be very subjective. Two people rarely come up with the same final
version of a SWOT. Use it as a guide and not as a prescription.
May cause organizations to view circumstances as very simple due to
which certain key strategic contact may be overlooked.
Categorizing aspects as strengths, weaknesses, opportunities & threats
might be very subjective as there is great degree of uncertainty in
market.
To be effective, SWOT needs to be conducted regularly.The pace of
change makes it difficult to anticipate developments.
The data used in the analysis may be based on assumptions that
subsequently prove to be unfounded [good and bad].
It lacks detailed structure, so key elements may get missed.

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Brainstorming & Prioritization in SWOT Analysis
Brainstorming Prioritization
Output from Brainstorming exercise is Prioritized
Begin brainstorming by asking the
following questions:
• What opportunities exist in our
external environment?
• What threats to the institution exist in
our external environment?
• What are the strengths of our
institution?
• What are the weaknesses of our
institution?
At the end of the Brainstorming exercise:
• Reduce the list of strengths & weaknesses to no
more than five distinctive competencies and
debilitating weaknesses
• Strengths that are distinctive competencies
• Weaknesses that are debilitating
• Reduce threats and opportunities to the five most
critically important of each.

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Tips & Exercise
Do’s
 Be analytical and specific.
 Record all thoughts and ideas.
 Be selective in the final evaluation.
 Choose the right people for the exercise.
 Choose a suitable SWOT leader or
facilitator.
Think out of the box
 Be open to change
Don’ts
хTry to disguise weaknesses.
х Merely list errors and mistakes.
х Lose sight of external influences and
trends.
х Allow the SWOT to become a blame-laying
exercise.
х Ignore the outcomes at later stages of the
planning process.
TIPS

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Tips & Exercise
TIPS
When conducting
a SWOT analysis,
designate a
leader or group
facilitator.
Introduce the SWOT
method and its
purpose in your
organization to gain
acceptance.
Discuss and record the
results. Prepare a
written summary of the
SWOT analysis to give to
participants.
Be willing to
breakaway from
traditional methods.
While doing a
SWOT analysis
for your job,
invite someone to
brainstorm with
you.

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Tips & Exercise
EXERCISE
Assume that a car manufacturing company has recently launched its products.
Perform a SWOT analysis for the same.

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External
Helpful
Harmful
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
• No Competition in the EV
Segment.
• Environment friendly
• Economic to Drive [Rs. 0.4
per km] *
• Government subsidies [8%
excise duty] *
• Government incentives
to gasoline vehicles
• Entry of competitors
• Stringent safety
requirements anticipated
• Availability of hybrid vehicles
• High Price
• Low aesthetic appeal
• Small driving range [up to
80 KM]
• Competition from gasoline
vehicles
• Huge untapped EV market
• Growing demand of green
technologies
• Rising fuel costs
• Growing road congestion
in urban cities
EXERCISE
Tips & Exercise
* Hypothetical figures

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Tips & Exercise
EXAMPLE
Mc Donald’s SWOT Analysis

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WEAKNESSES
• Failing pizza test market thus limiting the
ability to compete with pizza providers.
• High training costs due to high turnover.
• Minimal concentration on organic foods.
• Not much variation in seasonal products .
• Quality concerns due to franchised operations.
• Focus on burgers / fried foods not on healthier
options for their customers.
• Ranks very high on the Fortune Magazine's most
admired list
• Community oriented
• Global operations all over the world
• Cultural diversity in the foods
• Excellent location
• Assembly line operations.
• Use of top quality products
STRENGTHS
INTERNAL
• Marketing strategies that entice people from
small children to adults.
• Lawsuits for offering unhealthy foods.
• Contamination risks that include the threat of
e-coli containments.
• The vast amount of fast food restaurants that
are open as competition.
• Focus on healthier dieting by consumers.
• Down turn in economy affecting the ability to eat
that much.
THREATS
• Opening more joint ventures.
• Being more responsive to healthier options.
• Advertising wifi services in the branches.
• Expanding on the advertising on being
more socially responsible
• Expansions of business into newly developed
parts of the world.
• Open products up to
allergen free options
such as peanut free.
OPPORTUNITIES
EXTERNAL
Tips & Exercise Mc Donald’s
SWOT Analysis

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Objectives
By the end of this session, you will be able to:
Recognize the need for values in leading a happy life
Understand what are life skills
Recognize the need for life skills

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Profile
Self evaluation questionnaire
Who are You?
Check Hetain Patel’s Ted video on who am I ? Think again.
https://www.ted.com/talks/hetain_patel_who_am_i_think_again?language=en
Activity: Sort yourselves

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Profile
Activity: Sort Yourselves!

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What are Values?
What Are Values?

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What are Values?
Values can be defined as qualities and traits that enhance the personality of a human being.
Human values distinguish them from animals and creates the distinction between living and
existing
Honesty, Integrity, excellence, ownership, empathy, collaboration – these are all examples of
values
Can any of you give examples of these values from your personal experience?

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Why are Values Needed?
Values impact the way we behave.
Even without being conscious, our thoughts, words and actions are defined
by our values.
Values define who we are

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What is exhibited consistently in everyday
activities
What people around the leaders “see”.
Behavior
Skills
Knowledge
Values
Personality
Motives
Attributes
Attitude
Traits
“VISIBLE”
The More We Observe, The Better We Assess

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Look around- what values do you see?

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Most importantly, our decisions
are influenced by our values.

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What made her
sacrifice her life?
Do you know her?
What made her sacrifice her life?

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 23 years
 Youngest recipient of
Ashok Chakra Bravery
Award
 Saved 360 out of 380
passengers of hijacked
Panam flight
 Died in the attempt to
save others

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What Do You Think?
The Supreme Court has just given them the death sentence
to the people convicted in the Nirbhaya case. Do you agree
with the death sentence?

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My Hero

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How does living by Values help?
Let’s look at some famous people who have been driven by their strong values.
Ratan Tata
Sachin Tendulkar
Kailash Satyarthi
Cristiano Ronaldo

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Stay Connected
Join the Facebook page for this course and interact with
students taking the same course across India!

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The Secret SauceDAY
02 forSuccess

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Day 02: Showtime!
Make a presentation on favorite IPL cricket captain highlighting values and
skills they represent
What can we learn from the values and skills presented?

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Day 02: Believe it or Not
A cricketer who recovered from cancer ( Yuvraj Singh)
A dancer who lost her leg (Sudha Chandran)
A model and actress who fought cancer (Lisa Ray)
An adventurer who is blind (Erik Weihenmayer)

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Day 02: Learning & Application
Take the colored paper and write about the value that is closest to
your heart and how you will demonstrate it in your life.
Share your story of demonstrating the value in next class – should
be supported by some evidence (recording, video, photo, email,
WhatsApp message)
Post on FB page

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An AlternateDAY
03 Reality

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Day 03: An Alternate Reality
Duration: 2 hours
Interview a maid, watchman, sweeper, cab driver
Make a presentation using whatever media you wish (pictures, ppt,
audio, video, storytelling with flipchart) what you think are the
values that drive them

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Day 03: Learning & Reflection
Why did you do this exercise?
How did you go about it?
What did you learn from the exercise?
What are some things you have never thought of before?
What have you learned that you can you use in your life?
Post your story and one learning on FB page

BusinessDAY
04 Communication
Overview of
DAY
03 Communication
Overview of
Business

76
Day 03: I, Myself and Others
Let’s play!
The Power of Communication
Watch the following video on Youtube.
Search: Shahrukh Khan’s “Thoughts on humanity, fame &
love”

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Day 3: Key Aspects of Business Communication
How Many Ways Can We Communicate?

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Verbal Communication
“I’m a great believer that any tool that enhances communication
has profound effects in terms of how people can learn from each
other, and how they can achieve the kind of freedoms that they’re
interested in.”
Bill Gates
Watch: Connected, but alone? Sherry Turkle

79
Written communication
Communication that involves language and is written on paper or digital
format
It includes the ability to physically write, spell, use correct grammar and
punctuation
It also means being able to express simple and complex ideas in a way that
others can understand them
The key to good written communication is the use of simple language, short
sentences and easy to understand words.
The communication needs to be tailored to the audience you are talking to.

80
How not to write
Nannouk is a 10-week-old Spitz mix female and will grow to be medium
sized. She does well inside. Sterilization is mandatory for anyone wanting to
take her.
FUTURE IS COMING, ACADEMICS PREDICT
Dear Fellow Resident: Washington is a city that only cares about one thing:
sex, money, power and politics.
Like most American women in the 19th century, Mary Todd Lincoln lived her
life outwardly within the confines of the female roles acceptable to Victorian
society. Like more than 90% of married women in that time, she married.

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Listening skills
Listen and respond
Hearing Vs Listening
Hearing is an involuntary process. It begins with vibrations, the
movement of fluid in the ears and then ends with the sound being
sent to the brain.
Listening starts in the brain. This is when we try to make sense of
the sound we heard. It is a conscious, voluntary process.

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What does the picture
tell you?

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Body Language
We reveal a lot through unconscious
gestures, expressions and postures
of the body
When we can read it, we can get the
complete message from the other
person. Otherwise, we may be in for
surprises
Dogs specially communicate a lot
through body language. For
instance, a dog wags its tail just
before biting!

84
Day 3 Key Aspects of Business Communication
Body Language (dogs)
References:
5 ways to listen better- youtube video
Celeste Headlee- 10 ways to have a better
conversation- youtube video

85
Day 3: Communicate Simply
Activity on simple communication
Introduce yourself on your first day in college using
active voice, OR
Create an ad to introduce Brand You – you can use
only 10 words
Create a powerful post about a current event on the
FB page without using simple language

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Day 3: Types of Communication

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How do you Communicate?
Short videos on verbal and non-verbal communication
Watch youtube videos VerbalVs NonVerbal communication
by DranzaVedadaro
Importance of NonVerbal communication by Patricia Jenkinson
• What is your preferred mode of communication?
• How effective do you think it is?
• Role play – verbal and non verbal communication

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1. What did you want to be when
you were little? A hero who slays
monsters? An astronaut?
Perhaps a pilot?
2. Imagine yourself to be that and
role play.What would you do?
What situation do you find
yourself in? How will you solve
your predicament? Let us know
with your communication skills,
verbal and non-verbal!
Roleplay!

89
Learning & Reflection
 Different types of communication are
used to create interpersonal relations
 Communication is not only about
words or language
 There’s more to non-verbal
communication than just body
language
 Sometimes non verbal communication
is more powerful

90
Class
ACTIVITY
DAY
04

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Duration: 1 hours
Activity: Write a newspaper report on an IPL match Compare the
report with friends

92
Day 4
Duration: 1 hour
Formative Evaluation: Activity on Written
Communication (10 marks)
Write a newspaper report on an IPL match

93
Day 4
Rewrite the newspaper report but in half the
amount of words without losing the essence of
the original report

94
Day 4
Rewrite the newspaper report from the opposite
perspective/for an audience that understands
very little English

95
Duration: 1 hours
Activity: Record a conversation between a celebrity and an
interviewer. Quiz Time

96
Day 04
Learnings
Use of active vs passive voice
Being simple is difficult
Don’t fall in love with adjectives
Better to be understood than admired
Post on FB page – now write the IPL match review for
a social media audience

DAY
05 Communicate!
Simply
DAY
05 Awareness
Self

Self-Awareness: Identity
Self-assessment
Self-Awareness: Body Awareness
Self-Awareness: Stress Management
See Video
https://www.khanacademy.org/test-
prep/mcat/individuals-and-society/attributing-
behavior-to-persons-or-situations/v/self-
concept-self-identity-social-identity

99
Day 5: Back toWords (BTW)

100
Copyright © 2013 Tata Consultancy Services Limited. All Rights
Reserved
Activity 1: Basic Grammar
By the end of the activity you will be able to:
 Recall basic grammatical concepts

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PresentTense
 Present simple tense
 Present continuous tense
 Present perfect tense
 Present perfect continuous tense
Present simple tense: I do
Present continuous tense: I am doing
Present perfect tense: I have done
Present perfect continuous
tense:
I have been doing

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Reserved
PastTense
 Past simple tense
 Past continuous tense
 Past perfect tense
 Past perfect continuous tense
Past simple tense: I did
Past continuous tense: I was doing
Past perfect tense: I had done
Past perfect continuous tense: I had been doing

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Reserved
FutureTense
 Future simple tense
 Future continuous tense
 Future perfect tense
 Future perfect continuous tense
Future simple tense: I will do
Future continuous tense: I will be doing
Future perfect tense: I will have done
Future perfect continuous
tense:
I will have been doing

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Verbs
• Often verbs are called action words as they convey
the idea of doing something.
For example, walk, talk, eat, study.
• Some verbs however, give the idea of a state of being.
For example, seem, be, exist.

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HelpingVerbs
1. be (including am, is, are, was, were, been)
2. have, has had
3. do, does, did
4. can
5. could
6. may
7. might
1. will
2. would
3. shall
4. should
5. must
6. ought to

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Reserved
NoTense-ion!
Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect continuous
Present
He find it
interesting
They finding it
interesting
She found it
interesting
We have been finding
it interesting
Past
Sam find it
interesting
The team are
finding it
interesting
The team
members had
found it
interesting
Boys had been finding
it interesting
Future
Raj and Rana
will find it
interesting
Teacher will
finding it
interesting
Children will have
found it
interesting
I will have been
finding it interesting

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(New) Activity: NoTense-ion!
Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect continuous
Present Does they find it
interesting?
Does she is
finding it
interesting ?
Did the man
found it
interesting ?
Has he been finding it
interesting ?
Past Do you find it
interesting ?
Are we finding it
interesting ?
Have the girl
found it
interesting ?
Had been she finding
it interesting ?
Future Raj and Rana will
be finding it
interesting ?
Will the audience
be finding it
interesting ?
Participants will
have found it
interesting ?
Will we been finding
it interesting ?

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Spot theVerbs!
Choose an article from today’s newspaper and spot the verbs.

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Subject-Verb Agreement
• Subjects and verbs must agree with one another in number
(singular or plural).
For example:
• I am on the bus
• We are on the bus

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Subject-Verb Agreement Rules
 Use a singular verb after each,
neither, everyone, everybody,
nobody and someone.
 If you use either-or or neither-
nor, look at the subject closest
to the verb. If the subject
closest to the verb is singular,
use a singular verb; likewise, if
the subject is plural, use a
plural verb.

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Reserved
 When using as well as, except, in
addition to, no less than, and with,
the noun before these phrases
determines the number.
 Measurements of money, time, and
distance usually require a singular
verb.
 The following words almost always
use the plural form of verbs: all,
both, few, many, several, and some.

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 The word none needs special
attention. Sometimes it uses a
singular verb, and at other
times, it uses a plural verb.
When none means no one or
not one, use the singular form
of the verb. When none means
or suggests more than one
thing or person, use the plural
form of the verb.

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 Here and there cannot be
subjects.Therefore, if a sentence
begins with here or there, look for
the subject and write the correct
form of the verb.
 When the word number is
preceded with the word a, use a
plural verb. When the word
number is preceded with the
word the, use a singular verb.

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 Divide yourselves into two or more
teams!
 Find any object in the class room
 Pick one of the other teams
 That team has to make a sentence
using that word and appropriate
action verbs and subject-verb
agreement rules
 The team that makes the most
correct sentences wins!
TheVerb Game!

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Articles
 “the” is one of the most common words in English. It is called a
definite article.
 The words: “a” and “an” are called indefinite articles.

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Prepositions
 A preposition is a word which
shows relationships between
other words in the sentence.
The relationships include
direction, place, time, cause,
manner and amount.
 A preposition always goes
with a noun or pronoun which
is called the object of the
preposition.

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Prepositions, prepositions and more prepositions!
When he was a young boy, Lionel Messi used to go along with his two
older brothers to play football with their friends, unfazed by the older and
larger opponents. At the young age of eight, a Rosario-based club
recruited Messi for their youth wing.
Visibly tinier in comparison to the boys of his age group, Lionel was
diagnosed as suffering from a hormone deficiency that restricted his
normal growth. Messi's parents decided on a routine of growth-hormone
injections for him, though it soon became exorbitant to pay the very hefty
amount per month for the medications.
So, when Messi was given the chance to train at football giants FC
Barcelona's youth academy and get his expensive medical bills footed by
them, Messi's family moved to set up a new life in Spain.

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Activity: Let’sTalk Prepositions!
 Make a pictorial depiction of prepositions and explain their use
in sentences!
ON UNDER NEXT TO
IN FRONT OF

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 Make a pictorial depiction of prepositions and explain their use in
sentences!
IN BETWEEN BEHIND THROUGH
IN
Activity: Let’sTalk Prepositions!

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Activity: FunWith Prepositions!
Use IN (For
Time )
Use AT (For
Time )
Use ON
(For Time )
Use IN (for Place)
Use AT (for
Place)
In August Noon On Sunday Stay IN Kolkata At Dumdum
1987 Night On 1st January In the living room At a particular place
Summer Two o' clock On Wednesdays

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Conjunctions
 A conjunction is a word that
connects other words or
groups of words.
Rahul and Sujatha are friends:
the conjunction and connects
two nouns
He will drive or fly: the
conjunction or connects two
verbs.
It is early but we can go: the
conjunction but connects two
groups of words.

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Let's Find Conjunctions!
Hummingbirds are tiny and have a variety
of vivid colours.Their legs are frail and
small, but their wings are well-built.The
wings flap extremely fast and make a
constant hum. It is to this sound that the
Hummingbird owes its name to.
The birds can fly whichever way they want,
up or down, sideways, frontwards, or
backwardsThey can stay still in the air and
drink nectar from a flower.
They usually lay only two eggs and the tiny
chicks are featherless at first like most birds.

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Adjectives
 An adjective is a word which describes or
gives more information about a noun or
pronoun.
 Adjectives describe nouns in terms of such
qualities as size, color, number, and kind.
 Examples
 Activity: Can you think of some of the new
adjectives we are using in today’s world?

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Where areThe Adjectives?
When he was a young boy, Lionel Messi used to go along with his two
older brothers to play football with their friends, unfazed by the older and
larger opponents. At the young age of eight, a Rosario-based club
recruited Messi for their youth wing.
Visibly tinier in comparison to the boys of his age group, Lionel was
diagnosed as suffering from a hormone deficiency that restricted his
normal growth. Messi's parents decided on a routine of growth-hormone
injections for him, though it soon became exorbitant to pay the very hefty
amount per month for the medications.
So, when Messi was given the chance to train at football giants FC
Barcelona's youth academy and get his expensive medical bills footed by
them, Messi's family moved to set up a new life in Spain.

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Activity: IntroduceYourself, Adjective Style!
 Note down five /six individual strengths.
 When you will speak about yourselves you
will have to use the adjective forms and the
names of the qualities you possesses.
 Try to introduce yourselves with an
adjective which would also be an
alliteration.
Example: I am responsible Rima. I am a
sensitive and friendly person and I am
confident too. My strengths are
responsibility, sensitivity, confidence etc

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Adverbs
 An adverb is a word that gives more
information about a verb, an adjective or
another adverb.
 Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives and
adverbs in terms of such qualities as time,
frequency and manner.
 Most, but not all adverbs end in –ly such
as quickly, slowly etc. Not all words that
end in -ly are adverbs. Often an adjective
can be made into an adverb by adding -ly
 Activity: Spot the adverbs

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Let's Find Adverbs!
Nyakim Gatwech is the South Sudanese model who is teaching people to
be unafraid of the dark.With her deeply pigmented skin and resolutely
determined mindset, she’s dissolving the barriers of conventional beauty,
and encouraging others to follow suit.
The 24-year-old up-and-coming fashion idol living in Minnesota, has no
qualms about her melanin, and she is making sure that the world knows it
too. “My chocolate is elegant. So is what I represent… A nation of warriors,”
she captioned one of her Instagram photos, which routinely garner 10
thousand likes each.
In another of her posts, she writes of an experience in which an Uber driver
advised she try ‘bleaching’ her skin. Her only reply to that was laughter.
“You won’t believe the kind of questions I get and the kind of looks I get for
having this skin.”

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 Divide yourselves into teams!
 Spot the mistakes, if there are and
correct them
 Do not let the other teams see!
 The team that corrects the most wins!
Hunt For Mistakes!

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Hunt For Mistakes!
One day, he was climbing from the tree and a old man approached
him and told him not to be climbing.The old man were probably
interested that the boy could fell down and broke his limbs. When
the boy will question him why the old man tell him that there were a
ghost lives on the tree and it would hurting him and break his neck.
The boy nodding his head and the old man walked away.The boy
finally do not give up and started climbing again despite of knowing
that he might be fall. He laugh and said what a “silly person you. I
does not believe everything just because someone tells me”

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Voice
 In the active voice, the subject and verb
relationship is straightforward: the
subject is a do-er.
 In the passive voice, the subject of the
sentence is not a do-er. It is shown with
“by + do-er” or is not shown in the
sentence.
Examples:
 The window is broken.
 Rishi broke the window.
Short activity on changing passive voice to
active and vice-versa

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Day 6: Sentence Construction

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Parts of a Sentence
Subject Predicate Sentence
Kapil has a ball

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DifferentTypes of Objects
Direct and indirect objects
– A verb may be followed by an
object. More specifically, a
transitive verb is followed by an
object.This type of verb requires
an object to complete its
meaning. An object is a noun or
pronoun that identifies who or
what is affected by the action of
the verb.
– Two types of objects can be used
with transitive verbs:

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Direct and indirect objects
– Intransitive verbs, on the other hand, don't take
objects.

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 Direct objects identify who or what receives the action of the verb.
 A direct object answers the question what or whom about the verb.
The answer will indicate what the direct object of the sentence is, if
one exists.
Examples:
Direct Object: I have a book.
 Indirect objects identify to or for whom the action of the verb is
performed.

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Indirect objects identify to or for whom the action of the verb is
performed.
 You can identify an indirect object by asking of the verb to whom? to
what? for whom? Or for what? Indirect objects are usually placed right
before the direct object.They can also be complex – in other words,
made up of the simple indirect object and all the words describing it.
 Sentences using intransitive verbs don't take any object.
Examples:
1. Indirect Object:We gave my mother a book for her birthday.
2. IntransitiveVerb:To escape the midday sun, the cats lie in the shade
under our cars.

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What'sYour Favourite Dialogue?
 What's your favourite dialogue from a movie?
 Can you spot which voice it is in?
 Now change the voice!
 Deliver the new dialogue in front of the class, play act like you
think the character would, let us see the actor in you!

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The Rules of Subject-Verb Agreement
 You probably know that a basic principle for any
sentence is that the subject and verb agree in
certain areas:
 number – In any sentence, the correct form of a
verb depends on whether the subject is singular
or plural. And nouns that form irregular plurals –
such as child/children – require a plural verb.
 person – A verb's person indicates whether the
action or state is that of the person speaking – in
other words, the first person, I or we ; the person
spoken to – that is, the second person, you ; or
the person or thing spoken of – the third
person, he, she, it, orthey.

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 Remember, the verb to be is irregular.The
present tense third person singular –
he, she, it– takes the verb is and the third
person plural takes are. In the past tense, the
singular verb is was and the plural is were.
 So if a subject noun is plural, it will end in s,
but the verb won't. On the other hand, if the
subject noun is singular, it will not end in s,
but the verb will.The only exceptions are
nouns that form irregular plurals, such as
woman/women – these still require a plural
verb.

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 Mistakes in subject-verb agreement can
sometimes occur in longer sentences, when a
subject and verb are separated by other
words. In these cases, it's important you
identify the subject and verb correctly.
 For example, in the sentence "The
requirements stated in the catalog is unclear,"
the subject is requirements – not the catalog.
This is a plural subject, so the plural verb are is
required.
 Additional tips on subject-verb agreement will
be found in the handout.

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Activity on Sentence Construction
 Break the batch into 4 groups and distribute
chits
 One group will have only Subjects – nouns and
pronouns
 Group 2 will have only verbs
 Group 3 will have direct objects
 Group 4 will have indirect objects
 The challenge is to finish all your chits by
finding the right parts to form a meaningful
sentence.

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Voices
 Active and PassiveVoice
 Examples of paragraphs in active and passive voice
 Exercise to convert passive into active

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Common Errors
 Common Errors people make
in English sentence
construction
 Examples of paragraphs in
active and passive voice
 Excerpt from Zindagi Na
Milegi Dobara where the
characters use ‘the’ before all
words
Listen to Funny Skype call
from Zindagi na mile dobara

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Activity: Fix ‘em Up!
 Split into teams!
 As a team you will create a story following the opening
statement.
 Each member will contribute 4 /5 sentences.
 The stories will then be reviewed by other teams.
 Teams will identify the wrong uses of grammar and
correct them.
 Finally teams will read the story .
 Group members will take turns in reading the story.
They will read with proper expression, pronunciation
keeping the right pace and maintaining speech clarity
and right volume.

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ThankYou

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