The Importance Of Waste Management

The Importance Of Waste Management
The goal of chapter seventeen, "Waste Management" (p. 393), is to familiarize the reader with different approaches towards handling of wastes in the
world.
The waste is something that is "no longer useful" or harmful to the society or a person (p. 393). It can take various forms: liquid, solid, gas or energy
(heat or noise) (p. 394). Living beings produce wastes (p. 393). A lot of garbage is derived from human activity. The statistics show thatwaste
production in the United Kingdom totaled approximately "335 million tonnes annually in the early 2000s" (p. 294). The main contributing sectors of
this junk were: construction, demolition, mining, quarrying, industry, commerce, household, dredged materials, sewage sludge and agriculture (p.
394). Some wastes are hazardous if they are corrosive, flammable, explosive, toxic to living beings or possess high chemical reactivity (p. 394). Such
materials can be: hospital wastes, alkali, acids, heavy metals, oils, solvents, pesticides and PCBs (p. 394–395). Unfortunately, the lack of annually
updated information on waste, low priority of its collection and varying methods of its compilation across different countries makes the analyze of
waste trends very problematic (p. 394).
Ultimately, all wastes are discarded into the environment. However, some wastes are disposed directly into the surroundings (air, rivers, land and
oceans), others are collected and treated prior to disposal (p. 395). Numerous approaches exist to dispose of
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Landfills and Garbage Incinerators Essay
It is seven of the clock. Do I hear a truck? I need to get the garbage outside! A weekly regimen for all but no one usually thinks about what happens
to our trash. Once it is in a plastic bag most people pretend that it does not exist. They tend to believe that waste disposal is an issue for the
government and private contractors. While this is true, these people have to decide how to dispose of everyone's' garbage. And they have to ask, what
impact will this refuse have on the environment and community after it is out of sight and mind?
There are three basic ways that trash is disposed of recycling, landfills and incineration. Each with their own perks and flaws. Recycling has been and
will continue to be the worldwide favorite ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The resource recovery facility then burns the recyclable material. However, RDF plants are very expensive to operate and construct making the best
option for waste to energy technology be mass burn incinerators. A mass burn incinerator is much closer related to the high polluting incinerators of the
1950s. This type of incinerator simply burns the garbage at high temperatures and uses the heat to drive a turbine that produces electricity. These
modern incinerators must adhere to guidelines set by the Environmental Protection Agency therefore they have measures to limit their pollutant output.
These include filters to catch ash and the toxic parts of the released gases. (Mckinney and Michael 531–32) The issue on most peoples' minds today is:
How will this affect me? In this case, will whatever method my government picks be detrimental to my health? There have been several studies
regarding this topic for instance one study published in the Journal of Environmental Management says that "WTE (waste to energy i.e. incinerators)
treatment is a better option than landfilling...due to the differences in non–cancer and cancer health risks..."(Moy et al. 77). In the previous study's
abstract they claim that landfills have "individual cancer and non–cancer risks that are five times greater than WTE" to the surrounding community
(Moy et al.

Fossil Fuel And Its Effects On The World Economy
In the current era, fossil fuel is a necessity in our everyday life, for not only it is used as an energy source, but also due to the high rate of
dependability on the fuel itself. The recent drop in oil prices caused an enormous impact on the world economy, especially to the countries that are
highly dependent on the fuel industry. The United States also are affected by this situation. One suggestion and a major change, in order to reduce the
high dependency on the fossil fuel and to overcome the problems related to the usage of fossil fuel, is to start the wide use of biofuel as the fossil fuel
replacement. The impact of this change, and also a huge improvement, not only will help to stabilize the economy, but also can help in reducing the
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Biofuel is a fuel produced from any fats sources, obtained from either animals or plants, and is a renewable and
environmental friendly source of energy. How can we say the biofuel is environmental friendly? According to Vasudevan, Palligarnai T and Michael
Briggs:
Since biodiesel is made entirely from vegetable oil or animal fats, it is renewable and biodegradable. Biodiesel also contains very little sulfur,
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and metals. Petroleum–derived diesel fuels can contain up to 20% polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. For an
equivalent number of carbon atoms, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are up to three orders of magnitude more soluble in water than straight chain
aliphatics.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Solid Waste
2. METHODS
The main technological choices available for processing/ treatment and disposal of solid waste are composting, vermicomposting, anaerobic digestion
/ biomethanation, incineration, gasification and pyrolysis, plasma pyrolysis, production of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), also called as pelletization and
sanitary landfilling/landfill gas recovery. Not all technologies are equally good. Each one of them has benefits and disadvantages.
2.1 COMPOSTING :–
Composting is a technology known in India since times immemorial. Composting is the decomposition of organic matter by microorganism in warm,
moist, aerobic and anaerobic environment. Farmers have been using compost made out of cow dung and other agro–waste. The compost made out of
urban heterogeneous waste is found to be of higher nutrient value as compared to the compost made out of cow dung and agro–waste. Composting of
Solid Waste is, therefore, the most simple and cost effective technology for treating the organic fraction of solid waste. Full–scale commercially viable
composting technology is already demonstrated in India and is in use in several cities and towns. Its application to farm land, tea gardens, fruit
orchards or its use as soil conditioner in parks, gardens, agricultural lands, etc., is however, limited on account of poor promoting.
Main benefits of composting include improvement in soil texture and augmenting of micronutrient deficiencies. It also increases moisture–holding
capacity of the soil and

Environmental Impacts Of Global Warming
Damage caused by environmental destruction is often very subtle which tends to influence the scale of harm based on the crimes that are caused by
individual wrongs. Environmental damaged that is caused by just one individual is exclusively minor which causes it to be unnoticed, whereas a major
group of people harming the environment at once causes major harm to society. In the last few decades, there has been a heightened awareness of
environmental issues by governments, policy makers, advocacy groups, business firms, and the public all over the world. More than a century of
industrial development has caused negative environmental impacts such as global warming, ozone depletion, and air and water pollution. These are
recognized as global environmental problems that need immediate solutions. International environmental agreements, government environmental
policies and regulation, industry environmental management practices, and pro–environmental consumer behavior are some ways of addressing
environmental problems. Global warming, is one of the most noticeable example of worldwide corporate environmental impact. The corporate role in
this, the potentially most severe and all–encompassing of environmental disasters, is quite clear.
Climate change has a number of negative factors on individuals and societies around the world. It causes nations to witness and be a part of poverty,
limits their resources such as water and electricity and can cause huge weather disasters (Klein,

A Brief Note On Erect An Energy From Waste ( Efw )...
2.0 The Project
The proposal is to erect an Energy from Waste (EfW) Incinerator to be sited on the Proposed Location (see Map), while choosing the best possible
location on the map, and giving supporting arguments.
Incineration is a practical method of disposal that saves a lot of money on transport of waste to landfills and therefore also the carbon footprint that
such transport leaves behind. The sheer reduction in the space required to dispose of the 10 percent of waste that it does produce relieves pressure
on land, which in urban areas can constitute a big saving (Rulkens, W., 2007). Landfills have never been a pretty site and also give rise to a lot of
pests and insects. An incinerating plant will look like any other industrial ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This scope of this EIA covers the plant infrastructure construction, the incineration process/ operation of plant, electricity recovery and disposal of
ashes. The additional process of delivering the slag and residues of the incineration process to landfill has also been taken into account.
A Waste Incinerator which is designed specifically for Energy Recovery generates significant electrical power and thermal energy due to the high
calorific value of the waste. The efficiency of energy recovery (production of electricity) is 20%. Material recovery is also achieved in this process,
particularly Fe metals. For front–end materials, recovery is 50%, while for back–end materials, it is 5%(Cheng, H.et al., 2010).
2.2 The Process of Incineration
In the process of incineration, incinerators reduce the waste by burning it after the incinerator is initially fired up with gas or other combustible
material (Hjelmar, 1996). The process is then sustained by the waste itself. Complete waste combustion requires a temperature of 850Вє C for at least
two seconds but most plants raise it to higher temperatures to reduce organic substances containing chlorine. Flue gases are then sent to scrubbers
which remove all dangerous chemicals from them. To reduce dioxin in the chimneys where they are normally formed, cooling systems are introduced
in the chimneys. Chimneys are

Ugly, Ugly American, By Robert J. Lederer And Eugene...
Zachery Ringstrom
Professor Sullivan
English 5–01
10/2/14
Ugly, Ugly Americans
At the heart of nearly every world conflict, the United States of America is either at the epicenter, or in some way, majorly involved; this has caused
disdain among many nations of the world–and their disdain for the United States and her means has been demonstrated in various attacks, kidnappings,
and other acts of terror. And while there are plenty of Americans going off into the world making effective, meaningful change that doesn't spur the
resentment of other nations, it is easily seen that there are many Americans–a majority–that continue to give other nations the impression that
Americans are pompous, ugly people. The criteria of Americans being judged as either Good Americans or Ugly Americans is derived from William
J. Lederer and Eugene Burdick's genius novel, The Ugly American, which gives in–depth descriptions of good and ugly Americans through talented
storytelling–stories based on actual people and events. The authors foster a sharp contrast between what an Ugly American is and what a Good
American is; they begin their novel with an example of an Ugly American–ambassador to Sarkhan: Louis Sears. He is an American who believes
everything is done better the "American way." He refuses to learn the language of the people he is an ambassador to because he regards it as
unimportant–he believes that anyone who is important or worth talking to will know English. Ambassador Sears wasn't

Soil Pollution
SOIL POLLUTION
INTRODUCTION
Soil is the thin layer of organic and inorganic materials that covers the Earth's rocky surface. The organic portion, which is derived from the decayed
remains of plants and animals, is concentrated in the dark uppermost topsoil. The inorganic portion made up of rock fragments, was formed over
thousands of years by physical and chemical weathering of bedrock. Productive soils are necessary for agriculture to supply the world with sufficient
food. A soil pollutant is any factor which deteriorates the quality, texture and mineral content of the soil or which disturbs the biological balance of the
organisms in the soil. Pollution in soil has adverse effect on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ground–waters pollution is particularly dangerous for the water we drink, coming from wells and natural sources of the areas where pesticides are
used, given that pesticides, after reaching the deep layers of the soil and the ground–waters, are protected from the oxidation by the air and are more
persistent. To give an example, in Italy one of the most developed farming Countries of Europe, the herbicides pollution in the soil has reached
worrying levels: from a monitoring campaign about pesticides made by the APAT public authority in the period 2003
–2005, there were 119 different
pesticides detected as pollutants; 112 of them were found in superficial waters and 48 in ground–waters.
The pesticides residues were found, only in 2005, in 485 monitoring sites (47% of the total sites) and the levels of pesticides were above the limits for
drinking water in 27.9% of sites, About underground waters, 630 monitoring sites were contaminated and were 24.8% of the total, with 7.7% of cases
above the limits for drinking water.In addition, intensive farming tends to deplete the soil of its mineral content and against this, it uses artificial
fertilizers containing phosphorus and nitrogen.Also this is pollution because the soil is exploited too much and changes its features.To remedy against
a situation like this, the only solution is a definitive and massive conversion of all cultures to organic farming. This is not a

Oil Drilling in the Alaskan Wildlife Refuges Essay
Oil Drilling in the Alaskan Wildlife Refuges
America Should Reject the Oil Businesses Plan and Permanently Protect The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, comprising more than nineteen million acres in the northern corner of Alaska, is unique and one of the largest
units of the National Wildlife system. The Arctic Refuge has long been recognized as an unparalleled place of natural beauty and ecological importance.
The Arctic Refuge was established to conserve fish and wildlife populations and habitats in their natural diversity, as well as provide the opportunity for
local residents to continue their subsistence way of life. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, which ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It contains an expanse of tundra with many marshes and lagoons with rivers situated between foothills of the Brooks Range and the wide, icy
waters of the Beaufort Sea. Environmentalists said that this area "is the most biologically productive part of the Arctic Refuge for wildlife and is
the center if wildlife activity." The importance of these resources is not measurable. The Arctic is home to such animals as caribou, polar bears,
grizzly bears, musk oxen, whales, wolves and snow geese. This area is full of wildflowers and contains water of excellent, unpolluted quality and
quantity. The Arctic Ocean costal plain is an area critical to the survival of many birds and mammals ('Alaska Wild').
With all the good the Arctic National Wildlife refuge has to offer as a safe haven for endangered animals and plant life, comes the burden of sitting on
an oil reserve. As noted earlier in 1980, under President Carter, the protected area was doubled. However, the oil industry lobbies succeeded in having
the U.S. Senate refuse to designate the critically important Costal Plain as wilderness. Instead, Section 1002 of the Alaskan National Interest Lands
Conservation Act legislation directed the Department of Interior

Ryanair External Env. Analysis
Contents
1.0 Introduction1
2.0 Critical Issues Analysis2
3.0 External Environment Analysis2
3.1 Analysing the Macro Environment2
3.1.1 PEST analysis2
3.2 Industry Analysis3
3.2.1 Five forces analysis3
3.2.2 Porters Diamond Model4
3.2.3 Strategic Group Analysis4
3.2.4 Industry Life Cycle Analysis5
3.2.5 Synthesis of External Factors (EFAS)5
4.0 Internal Analysis6
4.1 Value Chain Analysis6

4.2 Internal Factors Analysis Summary (IFAS)6
4.3 Ratio Analysis7
5.0 External Environmental Evaluation7
6.0 Internal Environmental Evaluation8
6.1 Resources9
6.2 Resources and Capabilities9
6.3 SWOT Analysis9
7.0 Conclusion10
8.0 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover as a task environment factors like customers, suppliers, competitors, stakeholder, new entrance, etc.
3.1 Analysing the Macro Environment
3.1.1 PEST analysis
PEST analysis is one of main strategic analysis tool which use to analysis organisational macro environmental factors. This analysis tool is use to
examine the impact of main macro environmental forces. Those are
P– Political
E– Economic
S– Socio–cultural
T– Technological

Ryanair is company which operates in highly dynamic airline industry which always influenced by dramatic environmental changers. Therefore as a
strategic tool, it is important to do a PEST analysis to analysis the macro environment of Ryanair. PEST analysis of Ryanair Company is mentioned
under Appendix 4.
3.2 Industry Analysis
Next step of external environmental analysis is to analysis the business task environment. This task environment is also known as industry
environment. Therefore to do a full external environmental analysis, Industry analysis is essential. For the purpose of analysing the industry
environment we can use different types of analysing tools like five forces analysis, portor's diamond model analysis, strategic grouping, strategic
driver's analysis, industry life cycle analysis, and external factor analysis.
3.2.1 Five forces analysis
Industry environment of an organisation is another area of

Ford Hybrid Marketing Plan
Introduction The push for green cars comes from people looking for ways to lessen their impact on the environment and become less dependent on
oil. The research into alternative and more efficient energy is ongoing, but there is technology available for those who are willing to help. At the
individual level, personal automobiles are one of the easiest ways for people to help with the movement. As more people are becoming informed and
taking action, companies are feeling pressure from the government and customers to make changes. The change process has been relatively slow and
not all countries feel passionate about making changes. In Greece, the change has been slow to sell more green cars. Our consulting group has been
assigned... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They have around 65% of the sales. The other 35% is distributed among other small regions like Epirus, Aegean Island, Ionian Island etc. Change in
Sales 2005/2006 Sales 2005Sales 2006Change 05/06 Toyota21,96125,51416.18% VW19,09121,25611.34% Ford19,63920,3573.66%
Hyundai24,85919,715–20.69% Opel21,51518,154–15.62% While comparing the total sales for 2005 and 2006 we observed that three of the top five
companies have positive growth rates and two of them are negative. Toyota has increased it's sales by 16.18% (from 21,961 sales in 2005 to 25,514
sales in 2006); VW has a positive growth of 11.34% (from 19,091 sales in 2005 to 21,256 sales in 2006); furthermore, Ford has a positive increase in
sales by 3.66% (from 19,639 sales in 2005 to 20,357 sales in 2006). On the other hand, Opel has a negative growth rate of 15.62% (from 21,515 sales in
2005 to 18,154 sales in 2006); Hyundai is the second company with negative growth. The sales have decreased by 20.69% (from 24,859

Essay on decriminilization of marijuana
Every year our government spends more than nineteen billion dollars to eradicate it's use
in the United States. About seventeen thousand people were arrested last year because of it. We
spend twenty thousand dollars a year per inmate to hold these jailbirds captive. Who are these
dangerous criminals you ask? Stoners.
One argument against the decriminalization of marijuana is why would we want to introduce another intoxicant into our society when alcohol and
cigarette smoking is already so damaging? Marijuana is far less harmful to the body than cigarettes. Not to mention while it may be potentially habit
forming, it is not addictive. When comparing marijuana to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If decriminalized users could obtain their marijuana at government regulated prices (Incardi 285). Money that the government cultivated from the
selling of marijuana, the money they saved from reducing the war on drugs to hurtful drugs like cocaine and heroin, and the money saved from not
housing so many inmates every year is much needed.
We know that our criminal justice system can coerce problem drug users into meaningful and productive sobriety, or, if necessary, can remove
problem drug users from society for long periods of time if they are violent or destructive to others. So why do we persist with our failed drug
policy, which imprisons weekend pot smokers? If someone is using or abusing drugs, and is not a problem to anyone but themselves, we should
educate them and provide treatment on demand. If those people do pose a threat to society they will find a way into the court system one way or
another. This program has worked effectively with alcohol abuse and could work just as effectively with marijuana abuse (Gray 229).
Sure, I can understand why the government might be a little hesitant to admit they have been throwing our tax money at this cause for decades. So far
all I have mentioned are laws prohibiting the recreational use of marijuana, which is comparatively less beneficial than the medicinal uses that would
be available. The governments's senseless fear of

Marx View on Capitalism
1b. Summarize Marx's views on the market, alienation, the labor theory of value, the surplus value, and the accumulation of capital. Are these views
relevant in the 20th century and during the contemporary globalization? If so, how? How are these views related with Thorstein Veblens ideas? Please
give specific reference to the relevant readings.
Theory of Alienation––his analysis of how people are bound to become estranged from themselves and each other under the conditions of capitalist
industrial production (Hooker). This Theory of Alienation is often considered the philosophical underpinning for his later more technical critique of
capitalism as an economic system (Bramann).
Marx developed his theory of alienation to reveal the human ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The factory owner has done nothing to earn the money and the $5 per hour he receives is "surplus value", representing exploitation of the worker. Even
the tools which the factory owner provided were, according to Marx, necessarily produced by other workers (Wollstein).
According to the labor theory of value, all profits are the rightful earnings of the workers, and when they are kept from the workers by capitalists,
workers are simply being robbed. Marx called for the elimination of profits, for workers to seize factories and for the overthrow of the "tyranny" of
capitalism. Basically out of the worker labor, the companies make far more than what they paid the workers, while the companies get richer and richer
while the workers remain poor (Mandel).
There are some flaws to the labor theory of value. For example, most workers prefer to be paid when their work is completed rather than when their
products are sold – which may be months later. For workers to be paid now, rather than later, someone must advance their wages, and clearly this
service has a value. But proponents of the labor theory would have it both ways: workers are to receive the full future value of their product now. The
final theoretical failure of the labor theory of value is the value–effort fallacy. It is folly to assume that all effort produces value. Every day each of us
wastes time on fruitless efforts. To equate labor with the

The Wolf Of Wall Street : An Animal Inside
Ryan Gandy Approaches to Film Lacefield April 7, 2016 The Wolf of Wall Street: An Animal Inside Martin Scorsese's The Wolf of Wall Street
introduces the life of Jordan Belfort. Based on a real–life person, Leonardo DiCaprio's character is a sexually obsessed drug–addict who begins to
accumulate his wealth through founding his firm Stratton Oakmont. He and his first–in–command, Donny Azoff, use securities fraud and money
laundering to achieve immense wealth, and support their extravagant lifestyle. Eventually, however, Agent Patrick Denham, the FBI, and the SEC
catch on to Belfort's illegal activities, and bring down his empire. Throughout this film, drug use, the concept of a rise and fall, Freud's Id, voice over,
and the fourth wall... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One such scene is when Belfort takes Quaaludes before he has to go to the country club to speak with his informant about the FBI. He believes he
made it home safely, only to find out that he wrecked his car, along with about half of his neighborhood on the way back. His complete dependence
on drugs is portrayed in the scene where he is facing death due to his yacht sinking in a storm. As he holds his wife Naomi, facing probable doom,
he screams at Donny to "find the 'Ludes" because he refuses "to die sober." As in other crime movies such as Scarface, The Wolf of Wall Street
shows the extreme trajectory of Belfort's rise and fall. He came from simpler beginnings, with what seemed to be a simple house and wife named
Teresa. After becoming hooked on the Wall Street lifestyle from working at L.F. Rothschild, he begins his adventure to the top of the financial
market. The pinnacle occurs with him on a yacht, partying with all of his companions. For Belfort, money is the ultimate drug, driving him to his
ambition for success, and leading to his downfall. In one of his many speeches to his coworkers he told them to that "there 's no nobility in poverty.
I 've been a poor man, and I 've been a rich man. And I choose rich every fucking time." He values money above all else, and will bend and break every
rule to achieve greater wealth. He even openly answers the

The Production of Methanol and Hydrogen Fuels from MSW Essay
PAFC is commercially fuelled cell that promoted to be future energy requirement .Therefore, the fuel needed to fill in the fuel Production of fuel from
MSW is similar with biomass only vary in composition but after removal the non–organic. The reaction of converting the MSW is exothermically occur
at 50–100 atm and copper, aluminium and zinc oxide is used as based catalyst (Chen,1995). The CO2 is needed to activate the catalyst. Generally,
before MSW is used as feedstock it firstly will go through Refuse–Derived Fuel (RDF) process to eliminate the non–organic substances in the MSW.
The degree of pre–processing in conversion of MSW into a suitable feed material is a major criterion. By that, the product will be more uniform and this
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The water quench saturated the product gas, cooling it to 70–100в„ѓ can sufficiently force all the tars and oils ,heavy metal, particulate matter to
condense out in a waste water stream.
Reforming Process
At low temperature gasifiers a significant fraction of gas heating value is entrapped in methane and other hydrocarbons. Reforming process is the
alteration of hydrocarbon properties by rearranging it .It upgrades the methanol and hydrogen production through steam reforming. In fact, the most
widely used method to produce hydrogen by steam reforming natural gas (Probstein, 1982).
Water Gas Shift Process
Shift reaction catalytically converts CO to H2 to through the water gas shift reaction for upgrading the syngas.
CO + H2O H2В¬+CO2––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– (1)
The hydrogen production will be converted as much CO to H2В¬ as possible and methanol shift enough CO to make H2: CO ratio a little greater than
2:1.The process occurs at lower temperature thermodynamically but the kinetic are favoured by high temperature.
Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA)
PSA is a technique which consists of four adsorber vessels, a compressor and H2S removal step. This technique is best suited for hydrogen separation
to obtain the pure H2 and the current technology can yield about 99.9% of pure H2 (Chen,1995).The hydrogen fuel that provided for energy
generation must solemnly have no CO or else it can be a poison to

Existentialism In Coates Between The World And Me
Although the fundamentals of existentialism can be applied to numerous works throughout history, existentialist thought, which places emphasis on
authenticity and the ability to control one's own growth, largely rose to prominence in the 18th and 19th centuries. Notable among these works are
Voltaire's Candide,Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex, and Ta–Nehisi Coates' Between the World and Me. Although all three texts span
dramatically different time periods, the themes of existentialism and free will remain consistent in opposition to the despair and pessimism that life
ultimately imposes on us all. According to The Second Sex and Candide, we must work towards our happiness and fundamentally seek it out on our
own, while Coates claims in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Coates' allegory of the "Dreamers" and their detrimental impact on the lives of African Americans in the US is highlighted with this declaration:
"But do not pin your struggle on their conversion. The Dreamers will have to learn to struggle themselves, to understand that the field for their
Dream, the stage where they have painted themselves white, is the deathbed of us all" (151). Coates is essentially claiming that the people who
refuse to live in reality are subsequently robbing those who do because they instill a sense of false hope and unrealistic expectations that make every
injury inflicted upon the African American community hurt even more. By extension, Coates is affirming that living in the moment rather than
always thinking about the future and how to make things better is the most authentic route to happiness. Much of the misery in life derives from
people in power abusing the privileges society has granted them, and the exploitation of black people in American society has solidified the idea
that civilization breeds barbarism in Coates' mind. This is further supported by Coates' assertion that, "The enslaved were not bricks in your road,
and their lives were not chapters in your redemptive history. They were people turned to fuel for the American machine" (70). This image of black
lives being chewed up and spit out by industrial America is visceral and jarring in that it shows a complete failure on the civilization's part to protect
and raise its citizens to a more prominent status and improve their lives. To Coates, the ideas of patriotism and "the Dream," or

The Pursuit Of Truth And Knowledge Essay
There is a reoccurring theme in the history of the world that every civilization has contributed to: it is the endless pursuit of truth and knowledge. The
pursuit has never been about reaching a destination or an end point, or about acquiring all the truth and knowledge there is to acquire. Men have
learned early on that the universe it too vast to unearth all its mysteries. However, throughout this pursuit, men have also learned about the limitations
of their own understandings, the setbacks of their capacity to know the world as well as they would like. This acknowledgement of man's inability to
fathom the world in its entirety is what has fueled and continues to fuel the hunt for truth. The age of Enlightenment was characterized by the
abandonment of age–old dogma in favor of a new way of thinking (Greenblatt and Abrams 2182–85). The scientific method, developed by Francis
Bacon, had opened up several avenues for discovery and paved the way for empiricism, a prominent aspect of the era's intellectual movement
(Greenblatt and Abrams 2182–85). Among the greatest philosophers of the seventeenth century, John Locke is remembered as the most influential
liberal philosopher to date. His contributions to political philosophy in what became known as modern day liberalism designated him as the apotheosis
of Enlightenment thinkers, but his contributions extended far beyond politics. Locke ventured into the realm of epistemology, which is the subject of
one of his most profound

Environmental Pollution: Change In The Air Essay
Change In The Air
Our understanding of atmospheric chemistry is the best it's ever been. And yet in our modern age of technology finding solidifying proof that
carbon dioxide is the cause of global warming has yet to occur. We do not as of yet have enough solid evidence to say for certain that it is, nor is
there the evidence to say it isn't. None the less discovering the truth about the matter and bringing us one step closer to how to handle it is only a matter
of time.
From the dawn of time mankind has recognized that air was more than just empty space, but material no different from liquids and solids. The Greeks
thought it to be one of the four elements, along with earth, water and fire; it is from these very ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Romermann's investigation into the matter lead to the conclusion that the shift in ecology is attributed to the combustion of fossil fuels by traffic on
the highway. Forests are well known as nitrogen limited environments. The observation of a shift in species composition and dominance was a clear
indicator that the ecosystem had surpassed critical load of disturbance on the down wind side. It should be noted that deposition levels decreased in the
forest at greater distances from the highway on par with decreasing accumulations of nitrogen isotopes found in the tree rings. As shown by
Rommerman, it is negligible to focus solely on carbon dioxide as the only major concern of the atmosphere's change in chemistry. The scientific
community has a responsibility to remain impartial in its search for fact and must remain ever wary of self–biases in order to conduct proper science
(Rommerman 2005).
What's more, raised carbon dioxide levels are not necessarily a bad thing. In a study done by Achim Walter, increased carbon dioxide in the available
atmosphere increased cell production and cell expansion of Populus deltoides. Plants in general show increased photosynthesis when influenced by
raised carbon dioxide levels. It was determined that the larger leaf area exhibited by Populus deltoides did not come about by larger leaves upon
emergence by growth. This also accounts for

The Effects Of Grazing On Wildlife And Plant Species And...
Rangeland is any extensive area of land that is occupied by native herbaceous or shrubby vegetation which is grazed by domestic or wild herbivores.
Over the last couple of decades grazing of public rangelands in the United States has become very controversial. Groups opposing has cited
degradation of public trust resources and detrimental to wildlife and plant species while advocates believe that grazing is beneficial to the wildlife and
plant species and holding up the long tradition of ranching. However, beyond the arguments of both sides is a complex web of scientific information,
ecosystem processes, and practical issues related to grazing that must be carefully considered before judging whether grazing is beneficial or
detrimental for any given situation. In most cases the question is not black and white, but rather a matter of weighing the expected effects of grazing
against the objectives for a particular site.
Rangelands occur on all continents, particularly in Africa, Australia and theUnited States. It presently occupies about 47% of the world's land and
contributes significantly to the production of ecosystem goods and services. In Australia alone, almost 81% is classified as rangeland. In the United
States 36% is considered rangeland, with 53% located in 19 western states. At present United States rangelands comprise approximately 770 million
acres with the private sector owning more than half. Rangelands in the United States are diverse lands from the

Case Study Of Better Group
CHAPTER IV
RESULTS AND DISSCUSSION
4.1 General Data of BWG Better World Green Public Company Limited (BWG), located in Kaeng Khoi, Saraburi province, has constructed to
responsible for industrial waste management with a view to following government's pollution reduction policies. Furthermore, Better Group's
Operation that intends to provide all clients as ONE STOP SERVICE. Table 4.1 shows types of business of Better Group. The operation chart and
general procedure of Better Group were shown in Fig. 4.1 and Fig. 4.2, respectively.
Fig. 4.1 Operation chart of Better Group
Table 4.1 Types of business of Better Group
CompanyType of Business
1. Better World Green Public Company Limited (BWG)Integrated Waste Management Center at Saraburi province: operating hazardous and
non–hazardous landfill, wastewater treatment and fuel blending ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Better Waste Care Company Limited (BWC)Supporting in waste collection and delivery to cement kilns and the incinerator of the Department of
Industrial Works.
3. Better World Transport Company Limited (BWT):Managing waste transportation with appropriate vehicles and containers. waste transportation with
appropriate vehicles and containers and transportation routes
4. Earth Tech Environment Company Limited (ET)Supporting in wasterecycling and providing advisory service on appropriate waste disposal process
and method to clients.
5. Akkhie Prakarn Public Company Limited (AKP)Supporting in waste combustion in the incinerator which is only incinerator in Thailand which is
able to dispose both hazardous and non–hazardous industrial waste.
This incinerator is the corporation between BWG and Department of Industrial Works, located in Bangpoo Industrial Estate, Samutprakarn

America 's Present Economic State, Citizens Are Looking...
In America's present economic state, citizens are looking for one thing: convenience. The American lifestyle has evolved into a quick pace,
overwhelming schedule with Americans looking to fulfill their needs through affordable and easily reachable means. There has been an increased
approval in fast food and convenience store establishments that provide swift and stimulating products. It is the inexpensive and easy way to purchase
these "goods" that is slowly deterring the well–being of our country. The reason behind the low prices of such unhealthy choices provided by fast food
restaurants and convenience stores is attributed to the subsidizing of producers of companies making the junk food. These companies such as
McDonald's, Coke, Pepsi, and Burger King contribute to the amplified rates of diabetes and obesity. Therefore a sensible solution is to tax the
companies' goods to make them less attractive to consumers who sequentially will lead improved life in buying less expensive, healthier foods.
The enlarged percent of obesity amongst Americans is amazing. The National Center for Health Statistics recently reported, "the most recent national
data on obesity prevalence among U.S. adults, adolescents, and children show that more than one–third of adults and almost seventeen percent of
children and adolescents were obese in 2009–2010" (NCHS Data Brief, 6). Thinking back to humbler times when there was no junk food, people lived
a healthier existence but were

Human Impact on the Environment Essay
Human Impact on the Environment
I. Human Population and Industrialization
A. By–products of industrialization
1. Industrialization is driven by energy consumption from coal, petroleum, and natural gas
a. Fossil fuels were formed by decomposition and pressure on remains of plants and animals millions of years ago
b. Oil is the fuel most widely used, both as starting material for making gasoline and for other products
2. Pollution is any environmental change that adversely affects the lives and health of living things
a. Burning fossil fuels results in hydrocarbons, carbon, nitrogen and sulfur oxides, particulates
b. Automobiles consume one–third of the world's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1850, atmospheric CO2 was about 280 parts per million (ppm); today, it is about 350 ppm
b. This increase is due largely to burning of fossil fuels and clearing of forests
c. Oceans currently absorb half of the CO2 emitted or else the atmospheric level would be higher
d. Methane given off by oil and gas wells, rice paddies, cows, etc. is increasing by one percent a year
e. Greenhouse effect – warming of lower atmosphere caused by accumulation of certain greenhouse gases that allow rays of the sun to pass through, but
then reflect or reradiate heat to the earth

f. Greenhouse gases:
1) carbon dioxide (CO2), produced by fossil fuel and wood burning
2) nitrous oxide (NO2), produced by fertilizer use and released from decomposition of animals wastes
3) methane (CH4), produced by bacteria (especially in animal guts), in sediments, and in flooded rice paddies
4) chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), in particular Freon (a refrigerant)
III. Acid precipitation (rain)
A. Rainfall pH
1. Pure water has a pH of 7; dissociation of H2O produces equal numbers of H+ and OH– ions
2. Atmospheric CO2 combines with water to produce a weak carbonic acid and an increased number of H+ ions
3. Rain normally has a pH of 5.6 rather than 7.0
4. However, near urban areas, rainfall pH is nearer 4.0 and some fog clouds drop to as

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Pdf
RDF(refuse derived fuel)
Abstract
If we focused on solid waste management (SWM) the waste produced was collected and dump in dump yard which causes many environmental
pollutions and health hazards. In solid waste management land filling is a major problem. Many difficulties arise while extending the land for land
filling. In order to overcome those problems Refuse–Derived Fuel (RDF) is one of the best options. Refuse–Derive Fuel is obtain from municipal waste
and it is one of the alternative fuels. It is the process of converting waste into useful energy. By doing so the problem with solid waste management
get reduces and RDF can be substituted for coal in boilers. This paper deals about the manufacturing and application of RDF in India. Solid Waste
Management is collection of waste which is generated by every person in the society. Mainly the solid waste consists of Household waste, Industrial
waste, Agricultural waste and Bio Medical waste. Those wastes consist of biodegradable waste, recyclable waste, inert waste, electrical and electronic
waste, composite waste, hazardous waste and toxic waste. Those wastes must ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then it is converted into pellets into required size and shapes normally 30mm capsules. A refuse derived fuel (RDF) pellet having about 11% or more
particulate calcium hydroxide which is utilized in a combustion able mixture. The pellets are used in a particulate fuel bring a mixture of 10% or more,
on a heat equivalent basis, of the RDF pellet which contains calcium hydroxide as a binder, with 50% or more, on a heat equivalent basis, of a sulphur
containing coal. Combustion of the mixture is effective to produce an effluent gas from the combustion zone having a reduced SO.sub.2 and polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbon content of effluent gas from similar combustion materials not containing the calcium

Climate Change In Florida
As of right now, the measured water levels at Virginia Key, Fla., are about eight inches above predicted levels (Washington Post). The numbers
surrounding climate change are now starting to become serious and people should be worried for their lives. While Climate Change is a main issue in
the world, the problem usually goes overlooked.
Climate Change is the change in climate patterns and this problem has been weighing around us since the 20th century. "The scientific consensus
reached in 2007 by the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is that warming of the Earth's climate system is unequivocally
taking place and that such warming will affect sea levels" (Coastal Council, section 1). The problem with climate change ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Over the past decade, the floods have been striking a lot more frequently than they used to. The state of Florida is predicted to soon be completely
underwater and if nothing is done to help this issue, then it will only spread and soon the entire world will be under water. Climate change has been
drowned out in the US presidential primary elections (Plester). Since many Americans are aware about the issue of Climate Change, many of them
also refuse to believe that it 's happening. They tend to push it away which is why it 's not the most discussed topic at presidential campaigns or
debates. Climate Change, otherwise known as Global Warming, has been a growing factor in Florida and should be taken into accountability. My
research proposes that the state of Florida should cut down on fossil fuels, invest in an infrastructure upgrade, and residents unplug their electronic
devices whether they're on/being used or not.
The beautiful and always sunny state of Florida may not be known as the "beautiful" state anymore. With the effects of climate change headed straight
their way, the state might be completely taken away by the seas. Although there are many factors contributing to climate
Hussein 3 change, Fossil Fuels have without a doubt been at the top of the list. A Fossil Fuel is a natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the
geological past from the remains of living organisms. Many scientists agree that the "greenhouse effect," otherwise known as fossil fuels,

Abnormal Psychology
Lauren Minor July 27, 2010 Topic 1. Indicate, describe and discuss the major theories and principles in abnormal psychology The Biological
approach believes that abnormal behavior is caused by structural damage to the brain, biochemical imbalances, and genetic abnormalities. Research
proves that certain characteristics of a person, such as a chemical imbalance in the brain, can be passed on from parent to child. These studies show
patterns of abnormal behaviors from generation to generation. Other research provides proof that some individuals have abnormal behaviors because
of defects in the brain or nervous system. The defects of the brain and nervous system can range from a lack or abundance of a certain chemical (such as
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Topic 2. Indicate and describe some of the major treatments for psychological disorders relating them to the theories from which they are derived.
Biological treatments for abnormal behaviors are drug therapies. Drug therapies are thought to relieve psychological symptoms by correcting
imbalances of neurotransmitters in the brain. Antipsychotic drugs are used to reduce symptoms of psychosis, Antidepressant drugs reduce symptoms
of depression, Lithium reduces symptoms of mania, and antianxiety drugs reduce symptoms of anxiety. In 1883, August Bernthsen, a research chemist,
created a phenothiazine, it was discovered that it had a number of biological effects on humans. In the 1940's pharmaceutical researchers learned that
phenothiazines decreased muscle tone, reduced nausea and in some cases reduced sedation. Some physicians began using this chemical to calm
patients. In the 1950's researchers began exploring the use of chlorpromazine, a group of chemicals belonging to phenothiazine, on psychological
symptoms. Chlorpromazine was introduced North American and Smith Kline & French; an American drug company began marketing the drug in
psychiatry under a new name, Thorazine. By the 1970's Thorazine sales reached a total of over $116 million. After World War II, drug companies took
the left over fuel, hydrazine, believing that modifying the chemical could prove medical purposes. Two compounds of hydrazine, isoniazid and
iproniazid, were used in treating

The Environmental Health Impacts Of Msw Landfilling And...
THE COMPARISON OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH IMPACTS IN MSW LANDFILLING AND INCINERATION USING LCA IN
DIFFERENT HEALTH SYSTEMS
By
Ahmad Alqassim
Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences in the School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine
Tulane University
Nov/30/2015
Abstract
Introduction: Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is a complicated process that involves many technological options. In this review, we studied
three different health systems effects regarding the impacts of MSW incineration and landfilling as models of managements on three environmental
health measures, including global warming (GWP), acidification (AP), and nutrient enrichment (NEP) potentials. We further investigated whether such
differences change our approach in the selection of the appropriate management option.
Materials and Methods: Life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted here to assess the environmental health impacts through all MSW management
stages from production till treatment and disposal through four main phases: goal and scope, life cycle inventory, life cycle impact assessment and
interpretation.
Results and Discussion: We found that the results are similar in two countries, Brazil and China where the GWP, AP and NEP were higher in landfills
than in incinerators while in Canada the opposite was true. This indicates that the health standards and policies in the countries determine the
environmental health impacts of these technologies.
Conclusion:

Oil and Gas Law.
A THESIS
ON
ENERGY LAW
THAT
CRITICALLY EXAMINES THE LEGAL ISSUES IN THE DEREGULATION OF THE DOWNSTREAM SECTOR OF THE NIGERIA INDUSTRY:
CONSIDERING THE ARGUMENTS IN FAVOUR AND AGAINST DEREGULATION INCLUDING ISSUES PERTAINING TO OPERATION OF
THE REFINERY ,WITHDRAWAL OF OIL SUBSIDIES AND APPROPRIATE PRICING IN A LIBERALISED ECONOMY.
.
INTRODUCTION. Nigeria is blessed with vast quantity of oil making it the 6th largest oil exporter in the organization of petroleum exporting country.
Oil is a major source of energy in Nigeria and the world in general. Oil being the mainstay of the Nigerian economy plays a vital role in shaping the
economic and political destiny of the country. Although Nigeria's oil industry was founded at the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Namely the downstream and the upstream sector. Exploration and production activities make up the upstream sector .activities subsequent to
production of crude oil are called downstream operations. This includes refining marketing and distribution. some oil companies choose to operate in
one sector only for example exploration and production. they are said to have an upstream interest. Today, the oil industry is in particularly difficult s
situation in Nigeria. This hardship has both the international and national dimension. At the global level, with the breakdown of global ideological
barriers, opportunities for international oil exploration are available in geographical/ geological areas which we did not fore see a few years ago. The
political and economic opening of high potential area previously closed to western investment is creating immense demands on the sources of private
western capital. low oil pricing have also constrained industry funds available for investments in further exploration activities in the industry
worldwide, including Nigeria. At the national level the inability of government to raise its quota in the joint venture creation has led to the production
sharing contracts. However we propose to focus on the legal frame work for appropriate funding of the oil industry and this is done within the
contractual framework of agreement for oil

The Big Baddy Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Leading To...
Issue one: climate change
Environmental agencies focus on fossil fuels as the big bad baddy of greenhouse gas emissions leading to global warming, suggesting alternative
energy, carpooling, hybrid cars, and biking, but animal agriculture accounts for more carbon dioxide per year than all transportation methods combined.
A conservative 2006 study by the United Nations food and agricultural study placed animal agriculture at 7,516 million tons per year or 18% of annual
global green house gas emissions with a far more thorough 2009 WorldWatch Institute study taking into account overlooked livestock respiration, land
use, methane and other oversights of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations with the ultimate outcome of at least 32,564 million
tons of carbon dioxide per year coming from animal agriculture. That's 51 percent of all global emissions compared to the 13 percent of all combined
transportation.
And what do the environmental agencies point to? Reducing fossil fuel usage.
If we completely stopped all use of gas, oil, fuel, electricity et cetera, and never used them ever again, we would still exceed our carbon equivalent
greenhouse gas emissions of 565 gigatons by the year 2030 just with the impact of livestock alone. [10][11]
So not using fossil fuels at all, which would be the wet dream of every environmental agency, we're still gassing out the planet with the one
contributor–the main contributor–which they refuse to even address.
In a similar

Planned Parenthood
Did you know that there are at least four specific moments that can be thought of as the beginning of human life? There is the embryologic view,
which is where some think life begins when the embryo undergoes gastrulation, and twinning is no longer possible; which occurs about 14 days into
development. Then there is the neurological view, which depends on brainwave activity; life begins when a distinct EEG pattern can be detected, this
happens at about 24 to 27 weeks. Another is the genetic view, which states that life begins with the formation of a novel genome. Finally, one can say
that life begins at or near birth, measured by fetal viability outside the mother's body. The whole issue with people being for or against the closure of
Planned... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Anthony List that, "In 2013, abortions made up 94% of Planned Parenthood's pregnancy services." Many Pro–Life advocates use this number to fuel the
ongoing fight for Planned Parenthood's closure. Although, it is revealed that the number is derived from the comparison of the abortions performed
and two other services the clinic provides. Which makes it weighed in a way that exaggerates the percentage of abortions, skewing the amount. Since
the largest source of revenue for Planned Parenthood is government funding, President–elect Donald Trump – using that source of income as leverage
against Planned Parenthood – has signed an executive order barring funds from organizations that promote abortion around the world. Since it is seen
as immoral to evacuate a pregnancy, the plan to defund Planned Parenthood is the Pro–lifers attempt at making abortion that much harder to

The Problems Of Waste And Waste Management
What are the dilemmas with Waste or Urbanization and Farming? Before we can begin to discuss this topic we first must look into the impact of waste
and waste management, but more importantly what types of waste we produce. Most people really do not care about the environment until it impacts
them or their family directly. How many times have you been driving down the road and watch someone throw trash out the window. Think about what
you thought at that very moment. Now that you have the right mindset let's look into what waste we produce. Here are just a few examples of the
waste we humans produce; solid, nuclear, and waste from pathogens. Oh you thought I was going to tell you about the stuff you throw into the trash
can, not exactly. Let's define waste, waste is "a sparsely settled or barren region, uncultivated land, a broad and empty expanse, the act or an instance
of wasting, the state of being wasted, loss through breaking down of bodily tissue, gradual loss or decrease by use, wear, or decay, damaged,
defective, or superfluous material produced by a manufacturing process: as material rejected during a textile manufacturing process and used usually
for wiping away dirt and oil: scrap: an unwanted by–product of a manufacturing process, chemical laboratory, or nuclear reactor: refuse from places of
human or animal habitation: garbage, rubbish: excrement, often used in plural sewage, material derived by mechanical and chemical weathering of the

Municipal Solid Waste ( Msw )
2.4.MUNICPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW)
Municipal solid waste (MSW) publicly known as trash or garbage is defined according to the Landfill directive (1999) as waste from households as
well as other waste streams that are similar in composition. Generally, MSW can be characterized as waste coming from residential, institutional,
commercial and industrial sources and they include; product packaging, kitchen waste, papers, plastics, garden waste etc. MSW does not include
construction and demolition debris, automobile industries, waste water sludge, etc. (EPA, 2006). Table 2.1 comprises as sources of MSW and their
examples.
SOURCES OF MSWEXAMPLES
Residential Kitchen waste, yard trimmings, food packaging, cans, newspapers, clothing, disposable tableware
Commercial: restaurants, office buildings, retail and wholesale establishmentsPapers, office disposable table ware, yard trimming, boxes, food scraps
Institutional: schools and librariesOffice waste papers, rest room and cafeteria trash can waste, class room waste and yard trimmings
Industrial: packaging and administrative wastePlastic film, lunch room waste, office papers, boxes and wood pallets etc. Table 2.1 Sources of MSW
and their Examples (Gary, 2010)
MSW is a heterogeneous feedstock containing materials with widely varying sizes, shapes and composition. This can be difficult to feed into thermal
treatment plants especially gasifiers (Valkenburg et al., 2008) and can lead to variable behavior of the treatment process. The

Global Warming And The Warming
Global warming has become a well conversed topic among scientists and peoples in the world today. There are extremists who do everything
possible to stop contributing to the warming, but the average person does little to alleviate the issue and in many cases refuses to acknowledge that
there is a problem at all. Dating back to millions of years ago, even before humanity was born, the world has always experienced one form or another
of warming; so the warming seen today is not as bizarre as many may think. The prevalent saying that history often repeats itself, is no joke when
discussing global warming. As to what is kindling the current warming, that is where a query is imposed. Scientists from around the globe have
theorized close to every possible contributor to the warming seen today, and the conclusion that present occurrences of global warming are being
evoked by human interference has become evident.
Human existence and activities have proved to contribute immensely to the warming. When oil was first becoming a major world energy resource,
greedy capitalists actively pursued any and all measures to profit from it. The expansion of embryonic corporations became the single most superior
motive, forgetting completely about the care of the planet. All aspects of oil production, including the: extraction, refining and transportation generated
considerable amounts of environmental pollution. Oil spills from international transportation became a major concern and in 1990

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Power Sector In Nigeria
[18] succinctly highlighted some of the challenges facing the investors that acquired Nigeria electricity assets after privatization as follows: insufficient
gas supply due to poor gas infrastructure ,cost unreflective tariff regime, obsolete transmission line assets and power sub–stations, non–bankable gas
supply agreements , changes in government and uncertainties as to the future direction of government policies ,Bureaucracy of government agencies,
lack of affordable and accessible long–term funding ;Foreign exchange and currency issues ; vandalism of power plants, equipment and transmission
lines.
The following key players are also identified in Nigeria's reformed power sector: The Federal Ministry of Power; National Electricity Regulatory ...
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Solar energy is transferred to the earth through radiation and the energy reaching the top of the earth's atmosphere is estimated at 1400watts/m2. It is
used directly for a wide range of human life activities including simple domestic use – drying cloths, crop and providing hot water for home use;
commercial generation of electricity using photovoltaic equipment; and heating water to drive turbines in thermal electric generators. In recent times
photovoltaic cells are used to convert sunlight into electricity with 40 percent efficiency Another method of using solar energy to generate electricity
also used in recent times is to convert the sun's energy into heat which is then stored in thermal tanks. The thermal tanks contain molten salts or
paraffin wax which can absorb tremendous amount of heat energy without changing state. The heat can then be used as a heat source in steam
engines to drive electric generators. Such thermal tanks usually have capacities of up to 1.44 Tera joules per 68m3. Grid tie allows excess energy to
be sent to the transmission grid; the rest of the electricity can then be stored or used directly with solar inverters for AC

Ryanair External Env. Analysis
Contents 1.0 Introduction1 2.0 Critical Issues Analysis2 3.0 External Environment Analysis2 3.1 Analysing the Macro Environment2 3.1.1 PEST
analysis2 3.2 Industry Analysis3 3.2.1 Five forces analysis3 3.2.2 Porters Diamond Model4 3.2.3 Strategic Group Analysis4 3.2.4 Industry Life Cycle
Analysis5 3.2.5 Synthesis of External Factors (EFAS)5 4.0 Internal Analysis6 4.1 Value Chain Analysis6 4.2 Internal Factors Analysis Summary
(IFAS)6 4.3 Ratio Analysis7 5.0 External Environmental Evaluation7 6.0 Internal Environmental Evaluation8 6.1 Resources9 6.2 Resources and
Capabilities9 6.3 SWOT Analysis9 7.0 Conclusion10 8.0 References11 9.0... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In most industries, not all competitors are competing directly with each other. They are competing in different way by using different strategies or a
different target market. But when closely examine each and every competitors in a particular industry, we can find some sort of similarities of their
current strategies and target market. In fact its enable us to strategically group those competitors by concerning each competitors strategic dimensions
(product or service, quality, geographic scope, etc). In analysing Ryanair industry environment, we can use this analysis tool as mentioned in Appendix
7. 3.2.4 Industry Life Cycle Analysis Industry life cycle is another main industry analysis tool which can use to identify particular organisation current
status in related to other organisations. This is one of main aspect that any organisation should focus when developing strategies. In order to gain
success in organisational operation it is important to change strategies according to industry life cycle. Therefore it is important to have a good
understand about industry life cycle and the current life cycle stage, before implementing any new strategies. Industry life cycle analysis for Ryanair is
mentioned in Appendix 8. 3.2.5 Synthesis of External Factors (EFAS) Synthesis of external factor analysis is another important analysis tool that we
can use to analysis the external environment. According to this analysis strategic managers are able to organise

Make Room For Trash: HawaiiвЂ™S Waste Problem. Hawaii Is
Make Room for Trash: Hawaii's Waste Problem
Hawaii is an excellent way to predict how we will solve environmental problems in a more human–filled future, not because it is densely populated, but
because it is an island far away from any major land masses. Because of how little land there is in or close to Hawaii, inhabitants must import food,
gas, and manufactured goods. Many other states also do this, but none of them are located in the middle of the Pacific. You can see the effect of
shipping costs in something as simple as milk: in Hilo, Hawaii, milk costs about $6.21 while in Hartford, Connecticut–a state similar in size and denser
in population–milk costs about $3.65 (Numbeo). Hawaii's separation along with its small size make many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of the less–populated islands haven't always had recycling plants, and Hawaii's trash incinerator is located on Oahu. Though the less–populated
islands don't have as many problems dealing with their trash, being unprepared could lead to problems in the future. In addition, not needing to deal
with trash management immediately leads to less environmentally friendly habits, which also affect the future.
Other features of Hawaii, such as the economy, also effect trash management, namely tourism. In 2015 about 8.5 million people visited Hawaii–that's
almost six times as much as its population of 1.4 million (Hawaii Tourism Authority). Though city and state governments in Hawaii encouragewaste
consciousness, tourists are often not aware of the waste problems. Though only estimates are available, it is clear that tourists and tourist centered
businesses produce a significant amount of waste, as well as a large amount of water and power consumption (Saito). Tourists don't have to deal with
the problems they contribute to, so they can easily ignore the issues.
Additional issues arise because of Hawaii's garbage disposal system. One of Hawaii's most successful garbage disposal endeavors is Oahu's H–Power
Plant. However, this trash incinerator–or refuse derived fuel plant–is not complication free. While it saves money by producing energy and managing
waste, the construction and upkeep of the plant can be costly, meaning that it

Oil Drilling in Alaska Wilderness
Oil Drilling in the Alaskan Wildlife Refuges
America Should Reject the Oil Businesses Plan and
Permanently Protect The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, comprising more than nineteen million acres in the northern corner of Alaska, is unique and one of the largest
units of the National Wildlife system. The Arctic Refuge has long been recognized as an unparalleled place of natural beauty and ecological
importance. The Arctic Refuge was established to conserve fish and wildlife populations and habitats in their natural diversity, as well as provide the
opportunity for local residents to continue their subsistence way of life. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, which manages the Refuge, calls it ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the past presidential campaign, George W. Bush vowed to open area 1002 to drilling. Now he is in office, along with Interior Secretary, Gail
Norton, who shares his view. Legislation was introduced in the House and Senate in early March 2001 to open the plain to drilling. Because of its
enormous potential and the vital need for domestic sources of oil and gas, the Department of Interior recommends that the Congress enact
Legislation which would make this entire available for oil drilling. Ms. Norton has been given the right to impose necessary and appropriate measures
to protect refuge resource while efficiently removing oil. Despite the remote location, it is the most attractive onshore petroleum exploration target in
the United States (В‘Resource Assessment '). It appears that the President, his Interior Secretary, and the Department of Interior have forgotten the
first reason for creating this refuge. It was done by humans, who valued nature, not to be opened to oil drilling and possible development. The
wildlife debate has focused mainly on the areas of importance to the Porcupine Caribou, and other species such as polar bears, grizzly bears, wolves
and migratory birds are also at a great risk. The 107th Congress is considering approving energy development in Alaska. Shortages of gasoline, natural
gas and the resulting increased prices have opened this debate. The events of September 11,

The Space Race: A Waste Of Money
As technology rapidly improves the reach that humanity has on the universe continues to expand. While the Appalachian Mountain range, was once a
limiting factor for the inhabitants of America, it has now expanded to the unimaginable depths of space. Space is now the new frontier, and has been
following the advancements in space travel and aeronautics stemming from the presidency of John F. Kennedy. Moving forward the question now
remains as to whether we should continue to lead in furthering knowledge regarding space travel, or remained focused on an "Earth First" mentality.
Space exploration is important because it helps create a society that refuses to stagnate as well as a building block for the future and advancing the
sciences. The first major push for expanding the United State's knowledge concerning space travel, occurred under John F. Kennedy's presidency....
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Later in the article DeGroot states,
"Forget giant leaps for mankind, Nasa is a machine for spending money. That fact has been driven home by the ignominious failure of the Orbiting
Carbon Observatory, a $278 million package which blasted off from Vandenberg air force base on Tuesday and promptly crashed into the Pacific.".
(DeGroot)
DeGroot fails to properly address the intent of the mission within his article as the OCO, Orbiting Carbon Observatory–2 , is NASA's first dedicated
Earth remote sensing satellite to study atmospheric carbon dioxide from space. The sole fact that NASA is attempting to launch a satellite into space,
let alone measure and observe CO2 levels across Earth, should be an exciting accomplishment for DeGroot and anyone who shares his ideas about
NASA and space exploration in

A Report On The Production Of Biodiesel
BIODIESEL
Bi0–diesel is a bi0–degradable c0mbustible fuel made fr0m vegetable 0ils and animal fats.
GENERATION ОЎROCESS
Fats/0ils are reacted with alc0h0l (methan0l), using a str0ng alkaline catalyst (s0dium hydr0xide Na0H 0r ПЃ0tassium hydr0xide K0H)
This ПЃr0duces Bi0diesel(M0n0–Alkyl Methyl Esters) and glycerin F0r ExamПЃle: 100 ПЃ0unds + 10 ПЃ0unds в†’ 10 ПЃ0unds + 100 ПЃ0unds
Triglyceride Alc0h0l Glycerin M0n0–Alkyl Methyl Esters (Vegetable 0il) (Methan0l) (Bi0diesel)
But c0mmercial bi0diesel is blended with regular ultra l0w sulfur diesel (ULSD) and is s0ld. Such as B10 which c0ntains 10% bi0diesel and 90%
ПЃetr0leum diesel.
ОЎure bi0diesel is kn0wn as B100 (100%) 0r neat bi0diesel. But usually B100 is n0t used in vehicle engines due t0 engine warranty c0ncerns and
m0re0ver 0ПЃerati0n with bi0diesel blends may result in very slightly l0wer mПЃg due t0 l0wer energy c0ntent
N0w a days, m0st vehicles are n0w warranted uПЃ t0 B20 i.e. uПЃt0 20% bi0diesel c0ntent is all0wed in the fuel.
CRITERIA F0R BIO–DIESEL ОЎRODUCTION FROM WASTEOIL The high visc0sity vegetable 0il must be chemically c0nverted f0r it t0
0ПЃerate ПЃr0ПЃerly in a diesel engine.
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Env Sci Help
WRIGHT, Environmental Science
Chapter 21 Atmospheric Pollution
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Acid precipitation refers
A) to any precipitation which is more acidic than neutral.
B) to any precipitation which is more acidic than normal.
C) only to precipitation which is strongly acidic.
D) to a new kind of irrigation.
E) to a precipitation which causes particularly severe erosion.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
2) The chemical component which is responsible for BASIC properties is
A) hydroxyl ions (OH–).
B) sulfur oxide (SO).
C) hydrogen ions (H+).
D) nitrogen oxide (NO).
E) carbon dioxide.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
3) The pH of normal precipitation is
A) slightly acidic.
B) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Answer: C
Diff: 1

14) The overall or net annual concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is being
A) decreased by respiration.
B) decreased by pollution.
C) increased by burning fossil fuels.
D) increased by photosynthesis.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1
15) Temperature changes during the last century have been shown to correlate with
A) destruction of ozone in the atmosphere.
B) carbon dioxide and volcanic emissions.
C) halocarbon production.
D) nitrous oxide production.
E) all of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2
16) We produce carbon dioxide when we
A) drive our automobiles.
B) heat our houses with oil or gas.
C) get energy from the food we eat.
D) A and B only
E) A, B, and C
Answer: E
Diff: 3
17) Which of the following is/are conjecture (speculation) as opposed to documented fact?
A) The carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is increasing.
B) The recent drought in midwestern North America, Africa, and Australia was caused by the greenhouse effect.
C) Carbon dioxide absorbs infrared radiation.
D) Levels of infrared absorbing gases other than carbon dioxide are increasing.
E) all of the above
Answer: B

Diff: 2
18) Ozone in the UPPER atmosphere
A) is a pollutant.
B) is necessary to screen out ultraviolet radiation.
C) is necessary to maintain the temperature of the Earth.
D) is necessary to maintain ocean circulation.
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2
19) Which of the following will probably not be a consequence of extreme ozone

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