Nucleosomes and DNA in the new organisms below represent which .pdf

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\"Nucleosomes\" and DNA in the new organisms below represent which lane on the gel? Like those found in human cells (~200 bp nucleosomes with proteins loosely associated to linker region) Larger nucleosomes (~400 bp in length) with proteins loosely associated to linker region No nucleosomes are apparent (DNA may be totally naked or loosely associated to proteins) Huge nucleosomes (~600 bp in length) with proteins loosely associated to linker region Nucleosomes of same size as in human cells but with no evidence for the presence of loosely associated proteins in the linker region Solution Answers: c Because the proteins are loosely associated therefore the DNA is able to travel farther in the gel. d again the proteins are loosely associated. a since there are no nucleosomes are apparent therefore the ink moves upto such an extent. b the proteins are loosely associated to linker region and hence the extended movement in the gel. e No evidence of any associated proteins indicates the band in lane e..

"Nucleosomes" and DNA in the new organisms below represent which lane on the gel? Like
those found in human cells (~200 bp nucleosomes with proteins loosely associated to linker
region) Larger nucleosomes (~400 bp in length) with proteins loosely associated to linker region
No nucleosomes are apparent (DNA may be totally naked or loosely associated to proteins)
Huge nucleosomes (~600 bp in length) with proteins loosely associated to linker region
Nucleosomes of same size as in human cells but with no evidence for the presence of loosely
associated proteins in the linker region
Solution
Answers:
c
Because the proteins are loosely associated therefore the DNA is able to travel farther in the gel.
d
again the proteins are loosely associated.
a
since there are no nucleosomes are apparent therefore the ink moves upto such an extent.
b
the proteins are loosely associated to linker region and hence the extended movement in the gel.
e
No evidence of any associated proteins indicates the band in lane e.

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What is the endothelium? part of the tunica externa in arteries ample squamous epithelium that is in contact with the blood the internal elastic membrane that has fenestrae concentric \"holey\" (laminae) of elastic connective tissue interspersed between smooth muscle layers of the tunica media Blood vessels of the large arteries and veins that are greater than 1mm in diameter are called the lamina propria anastomoses fenestrae metarterioles vasavasorum sinusoids Select all of the following that are TRUE of muscular arteries. largest diameter arteries subclavian artery is an example the tunica media has more smooth muscle than elastic fibers they are also referred to as distributing arteries they contain both the internal elastic membrane and the external elastic membrane proportionately, has the thickest tunica media of ail vessels common iliac artery is an example Find the correct statement regarding our capillaries. capillaries that have tight junctions between endothelial cells, making them less permeable to large molecules than other capillary types are referred to as sinusoidal capillaries or discontinuous capillaries continuous capillaries are found in the endocrine glands where large molecules cross the capillary walls fenestrated capillaries are the most common type of capillaries the distal portion of the metarteriole that has no smooth muscle is called a thoroughfare channel Select all of the TRUE statements regarding our blood vessels. arterioles can be called our \"resistance vessels\" because this is where blood encounters its creates! decline in blood pressure b a venous anastomosis is where two or more veins dram an area in common there are about 10 billion capillaries. yet only about 5% of our blood is in them at any one time venules have only the tunica internal and the tunica external, they have NO tunica media about 40% of the blood is in veins at any given time capillaries are known as blood reservoirs for extra blood veins of the appendages that are greater than 2 mm in diameter have valves made of fold in the intima and are similar to shape and function of the semilunar valves compared to their companion arteries, veins have a very thick tunica intima which contains an internal elastic membrane, a thin tunica mod a with no external elastic membrane and a vety tunica adventitia (externa) Solution 1. Endothelium is: b. simple squamous cells that is in contact with the blood 2. Vasa vasorum 3. Tunica media has more smooth muscles than elastic fibers They are also called distributing artery 4. The distal portion of the metarteriole that has no smooth muscle is called a thoroughfare channel.

What is the endothelium part of the tunica externa in arteries amp.pdf

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arshicollection001

Which statement is true? (more than one may be selected) a) Substances that release protons when they dissolve in water are termed bases and result in a pH higher than 7. b) Substances that release protons when they dissolve in water are termed acids and result in a pH higher than 7. c) Bases (alkali) are any aqueous environments where the proton content decreases and the pH increases. d) Acids are any aqueous environments where the proton content increases and the pH decreases. e) Substances that release protons when they dissolve in water are termed acids and result in a pH lower than 7. Solution Ans. Which statement is true? (more than one may be selected) a) Substances that release protons when they dissolve in water are termed bases and result in a pH higher than 7. Incorrect- it is an acid b) Substances that release protons when they dissolve in water are termed acids and result in a pH higher than 7. Incorrect- it is “pH lower than 7” c) Bases (alkali) are any aqueous environments where the proton content decreases and the pH increases. d) Acids are any aqueous environments where the proton content increases and the pH decreases. e) Substances that release protons when they dissolve in water are termed acids and result in a pH lower than 7. Correct option Correct option: E Explanation: Acid is a molecule or ion that donates proton. An aqueous environment may facilitate acceptance or release of proton to/from a molecule, but the environment can’t be termed an acid or base because it does not represent a specific molecule or ion. For example, adding HCl to NaCl solution (say, normal saline) cause donation of proton from HCl molecule to the solution. Here, NaCl- the aqueous environment, accept a proton- BUT NaCl solution is NOT a base because it does NOT represent a specific molecule or ion. So, for being an acid or base- it must be a molecule or ion, NOT an aqueous environment. Though H2O (water) alone can act as acid or base depending on the acid/base added to it; but the term ‘aqueous environment’ is NOT exclusive for water. So, it can’t be treated as an acid or base. Therefore, options C, D are incorrect. pH = - log [H]. Addition of an acid to water (solvent) cause an increase in [H+] ions in water because acid donates proton to water. Increase in [H+] lowers the pH , i.e. pH is reduced below 7.0; say pH lowered from 7.0 to 4.0. Thus “Substances that release protons when they dissolve in water are termed acids and result in a pH lower than 7.” So, options A, B are incorrect..

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arshicollection001

Write down the reaction for the catabolism of ATP: Does that occur by dehydration or hydrolysis? Is energy released or required when ATP is broken down? Solution Answer: ATP catabolism: ATP + 2H2O ----------> ADP + Pi (inorganic phosphate) + Energy (G = -30.5 kJ/mol of ATP) The above reaction is hydrolysis. It is an energy yielding process. ATP hydrolysis, water is used to split apart ATP to create ADP (adenosine diphosphate) to get energy..

Write down the reaction for the catabolism of ATP Does that occ.pdf

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arshicollection001

48. The figure above shows the graph of a polynomial function f. What is the least possible degree of f (A) Two (B) Three (C) Four (D) Five (E) Six Solution This has three bumps , it\'s an even-degree polynomial (being \"up\" on both ends), and the zero in the middle is an even-multiplicity zero. Also, the bump in the middle looks flattened, so this is probably a zero of multiplicity 4 or more. With the two other zeroes looking like multiplicity-1 zeroes, this is a likely graph for a sixth-degree polynomial. Option E is the correct answer six.

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arshicollection001

The following sequence alignment between several species shows many conserved residues that may take part in the catalytic function. The mutants R292G and R292A of the Ar-BVMO monooxygenase enzyme showed very small residual activities compared to the wild type enzyme. What is the catalytic role of this arginine residue considering the enzyme reaction mechanism? Solution ANS: Baeyer–Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs): It is a flavin-containing enzyme, which are mainly participates in specific catalytic Baeyer- Villiger oxidation. In this reaction the carbonyl moiety of the substance was oxidized. This protein helps in conversion of ketones into esters and lactones. Heteroatom oxidations (nitrogen and sulfur) are also catalyzed by BVMO enzymes. All BVMO enzymes can incorporate one oxygen atom into the substrate (oxygen atom inserts into C–C bond) while converting the other oxygen into water. Arginine importance inBVMO: The protein arginine residue reacts with Alfa or Beta dicarbonyl compounds to form cyclic derivatives. The active sites of Arginine 292 residue can catalysis Ar-BVMO in Baeyer-Villiger reactions. so due to this activity arginine is crucial for Baeyer-Villiger reactions. The active site Arginine 292 is required for its Baeyer Villiger activity. If the amino acids glycine or alanine are replaced in the place of arginine 292 the enzyme activity is greatly reduced or no Baeyer-Villiger activity. Mutants R292A and R292G have no BV activity while still maintaining their S- and N- oxygenation capabilities..

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