33. Skeletal System
Functions (what it does):
1. Provides shape and form
2. Protects organs.
3. Works with muscles to move the
body.
4. Stores Calcium and Phosphorus for
later use.
5. Makes blood cells.
38. A picture of compact and
spongy bone
Compact
– hard
bone on
the
outside.
Spongy
bone –near
the end of
bones
where they
are large.
Keeps them
light weight
but strong.
Draw this picture in your
notebook
39.
40. Yellow Marrow = stores fat cells
Red Marrow
=
makes red
blood cells
Add this to your notebook
– not on the handout.
41. Cartilage – Smooth, slippery tissue
that keeps bones from rubbing
together. Found on the end of the
bones, nose, and your ear.
44. Ligaments – hold bones
together
Knee Joint
The most
common injury
in sports.
Note the ACL.
It is often torn
in football.
45. Skeletal System Parts
(This goes in your notebook.)
Bones – They are alive! They are made of
cells! Blood vessels feed them. Outside is
“compact” inside is “spongy.”
Cartilage – Smooth, slippery tissue that
keeps bones from rubbing together. Found
on the end of the bones, nose, and your ear.
Joints – Where two bones meet. Movement
occurs here.
Ligaments – Tough bands (like rubber bands)
that hold bones together.
46. One more picture: Cartilage
When cartilage wears out
bone rubs against bone and
the joint becomes painful.
Doctors now replace worn
and damaged joints.
Draw this one.Spongy
bone
Compact bone
Joint
59. Types of Muscles
(Put this in your notebook)
1. Skeletal Muscle – works with
bones to move you around.
2. Cardiac Muscle – found in your
heart. Pumps the blood.
3. Smooth Muscle – Diaphragm helps
you breathe. Arteries are muscular.
Intestines have muscles to move your
food along.
60. Types of muscles pictured:
You don’t have to copy this. Just notice they are
different.
62. Smooth Muscle
Smooth muscle is the one
we often do not think about.
It is part of our digestive
system, respiratory system
and circulatory systems.
63. Skeletal Muscle
Parts
This needs to go in your notebook.
Muscle – fibrous organ
that contracts and relaxes.
Tendons – tough bands that
attach muscle to bone. (If they weren’t
attached to bones, you couldn’t move.)
Hooks calf
muscle to
the heel
bone.
Hooks
thigh
muscle to
the lower
leg bone.
64. Tendons – tough bands
that
attach muscle to bone.
Hooks calf
muscle to the
heel bone.
65. Tendons – tough bands
that
attach muscle to bone
Hooks thigh
muscle to the
lower leg
bone.
66. Some Muscular System Pictures
Skeletal Muscles
often work in pairs
– even in insects. One
muscle bends your leg
or arm and the other
straightens it back out.
Move your arm and leg
and note which muscles
are tightening
(contracting) and which
are relaxing.
biceps
triceps
67. • Tightening = Contracting
You can feel it get bigger.
(“flexing”)
• Relaxing = the muscle
doesn’t get bigger
69. Skin
Purposes
1.Keeps bacteria and disease causing
organisms out of the body.
2.Senses your environment.
3.Regulates body temperature.
4.Rids body of wastes.
5.Prevents injury to deeper tissues.
72. Organs of the Digestive
System
Organs in the
order food passes
through them:
•Mouth
•Esophagus
•Stomach
•Small Intestine
•Large Intestine
•Rectum
Organs that make or store
digestive enzymes:
•Liver
•Gall bladder
•Pancreas
73. Parts of the digestive system
and what they do
Mouth – mechanical
(chewing) and chemical
digestion - saliva released
(digests carbohydrates).
Esophagus – carries food to
stomach. Peristalsis.
75. Stomach
• Mixes food with
enzymes and
stomach acid.
• Kills bacteria you
have eaten
76. Parts of the digestive system
and what they do
Large intestine –
holds feces and
absorbs water.
Small intestine –
digestion continues
and absorption
occurs.
77. Parts of the digestive system
and what they do:
Liver – makes bile
(breaks down fats)
Gall bladder – holds
bile until needed.
(often removed)
Pancreas –
makes digestive enzymes.
78. Circulatory System
Body’s Transportation System
Functions:
1.Carries oxygen from the lungs to the
cells.
2.Carries carbon dioxide away from
cells to the lungs.
3.Carries food from intestines to cells.
4.Carries hormones, minerals, vitamins,
etc. (Carries, carries, carries,
carries….)
79. Parts of the Circulatory
System
• Heart
• Blood Vessels
• Blood
80. Heart
• Pumps blood
• Is mostly muscle
• Has 4 chambers
inside.
• Has its own
arteries and
veins. When
these get stopped
up a heart attack
occurs.
81. Heart attack – a part of the heart muscle dies
when blood flow is stopped. Think ASPIRIN (not
tylenol or advil but aspirin)! You might save someone’s
life!
82. Cardiac Arrest
The heart stops beating due to:
• Electrical shock
• A hard blow to the chest.
• Damage to the natural
pacemaker due to a
heart attack.
• Arrhythmia – odd rhythm.
• Lack of nutrients.
83. Vessels
• Arteries –
thicker than veins.
Carry blood away
from the heart.
• Veins – thinner
than arteries.
Carry blood back
to the heart.
• Capillaries – tiny
little vessels that
reach all of your
85. Blood Cells
Red blood cells –
carries oxygen from
the lungs to the cells.
White blood cells –
fight infection.
Platelets – help with
clotting.
86. Respiratory System
• Brings air into and
out of the lungs.
• Allows oxygen and
carbon dioxide to
be exchanged
between the
blood and the air.
• Allows us to talk.
92. The Excretory System
• What systems could are used in the Excretory
System?
1. Digestive System
2.Respiratory System
3. Skin
4.Urinary System
93. The Excretory System
System Excretion
(What it puts out)
Digestive System Undigested food
Respiratory System Carbon Dioxide
Skin Sweat (salts)
Urinary System (bladder,
kidneys, ureters)
Excess water, salts, and
other wastes
95. Excretory System
• What tissue/organs are part of it?
– Kidneys- 2 bean-shaped organs that filter
blood, producing urine.
– Ureters- tubes that lead from each kidney
to the bladder
– Bladder- elastic, muscular organ that
holds urine until it leaves the body.
– Urethra- carries urine from the bladder
to outside the body.
– Liver- also filters blood to remove waste
99. Stimuli
Stimuli- something your body
senses and then responds to.
Examples:
•External: Noise, light, smell,
temperature
•Internal: Chemical substances
such as hormones
103. Endocrine System
• Regulates the body by sending out
harmones
• Hormones- chemical that tell
the body what to do.
• For example: to grow taller, to
grow hair, to have a hot flash
