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Cells powerpoint
- 1. Cell Theory 1. All organisms are made up of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of all life. 3. All cells come from exisiting cells.
- 2. What does a cell look like? Draw and label what you can remember about a cell. There are no wrong or right answers
- 3. Is this what you remember?
- 4. Compare the two main classifications of cells: Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
- 5. Prokaryotic
- 6. Eukaryotic
- 7. The Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
- 8. Today’s Lesson Focuses On: •Prokaryotic Cells •Eukaryotic Cells •The differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells •Organelles and their functions
- 10. Prokaryotic Cells: •Lack a nucleus •Cell’s DNA floats in the middle of the cell. •Do not have organelles •They do have ribosomes. •Are also known as bacteria.
- 11. Eukaryotic Cells
- 12. Eukaryotic Cells
- 13. Eukaryotic Cells: •10 time larger than prokaryotic cells •Include: plant, animal, fungi, and protists •Have a nucleus and many other membrane-covered organelles •DNA is stored in the nucleus of the cell •The DNA molecules are linear •All eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane •Some have a cell wall
- 14. Comparison of The Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells
- 15. Comparison of The Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic Cells •No nucleus •No organelles •DNA floats around (circular) •Bacteria Eukaryotic Cells •Nucleus •Has organelles •DNA in nucleus (linear) •All other cells ( plant, animal, fungi, protists)
- 16. Animal DNA – Double Helix
- 17. Eukaryotic Cells: The Inside Story
- 18. Eukaryotic Cells What is an organelle? An organelle is a tiny organ for the cell They are structures that allow the cell to live, grow, and reproduce.
- 19. Organelle’s and Their Functions Nucleus • Control center (brain) • Contains DNA
- 20. DNA •Genetic material •They carry chromosomes that carry the info your parents passed on to make you.
- 21. Cell Membrane •Protective layer around all cells. •It allows things to come in and out of the cell. •( Like a flood gate) •Made of a phospholipid bilayer
- 22. Cell Membrane
- 23. Cytoplasm •Jelly like substance that holds everything in place
- 26. How do things get in and out of the cell?
- 27. Cell Membrane •Protective layer around all cells. •It allows things to come in and out of the cell. •( Like a flood gate)
- 28. Warm Up – Answer only is fine 1. All organisms are made up of one or more ______. 2. The cell is the basic unit of all _________. 3. All cells come from ____________ cells. 4. A ____ _____ is a protective outer layer that lets things in and out. 5. A ______ is a small tiny organ that has a specific function for the cell.
- 29. Mitochondria •Break down food molecules to make ATP (energy) in a process called cellular respiration
- 31. Endoplasmic reticulum Transports proteins and breaks down toxins
- 32. Golgi Bodies •Process and packages proteins and lipids. •Packages things in “vesicles” to be sent out of cell.
- 33. Chrlorplast •Make food using energy from the sunlight •does photosynthesis •Only in plants
- 35. Lysosome •Digestive system for cell •Only in animal cell
- 36. Cell Wall .
- 37. Cell Wall •Only found in plant cells and bacteria (prokaryotic cells). •They are tough, outer coverings that protect the cell and give it shape
- 38. Equilibrium is when all of the molecules are equal on both sides.
- 39. At Equilibrium… •Particles enter and leave the cell at the same rate.
- 40. Before Diffusion
- 41. The line represents the cell membrane • Diffusion is when the molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. • (Crowded to less crowded)
- 43. Osmosis• The diffusion of water across a cell membrane • Video Link
- 44. Cell Membrane
- 45. Protein Channels •Protein channels are the gates that let things in and out of the cell.
- 46. The cell membrane is selectively permeable. = It allows some things to enter or leave the cell.
- 47. Passive Transport •Passive transport is when the material is moved across the cell membrane and it does not use energy.
- 48. Active Transport •Is movement of materials across the cell membrane that does use energy.
- 49. When large molecules enter into the cell through the protein channel, it is known as Facilitated Diffusion.
- 52. What is a cell membrane? • It is a selectively permeable covering that allows some materials to come into and out of the cell.
- 53. What is it when the molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. (Crowded to less crowded) • Diffusion
- 54. What is it when the molecules on enter and exit the cell at the same rate and they are “equal” on both sides of the membrane? • Equilibrium
- 55. What is the diffusion of water called? • Osmosis
- 56. A very large molecule needs to enter cell. How can it enter the cell through the cell membrane? What is this process called? • It can enter through the protein channel. This is called Facilitated Diffusion.
- 57. What type of transportation across the cell membrane does not require energy? • Passive transport
- 58. What type of transportation across the cell membrane uses energy? • Active Transport
- 59. What happens if the cell needs something to come in but it’s too big to come through the protein channel?
- 60. Endocytosis • The cell surrounds something big and brings it into the cell
- 67. Exocytosis• The cell forms a vesicle around material and gets rid of it • Material EXITS
- 71. Animations: • Animation 1 • Video 1
- 72. • Diffusion • Osmosis • Protein Channel • Facilitated Diffusion • Active Transport • Passive Transport • Equilibrium • Exocytosis • Endocytosis • Selectively Permeable