Irish Immigrants And The Potato Famine

Irish Immigrants And The Potato Famine
How did the Irish immigrants come? In 1818 there were Irish immigrants,they came on the first
steam service to go to the UK ,this was called the called Rob Roy. Within a decade, ships were also
ferrying passengers,mainly to areas in liverpool.One pull factor for them was that they heard that
England had a lot of isolated area that could be used for growing crops.One push factor is the
potatoe famine.Starting, in 1845 the potato famine killed over a million men, women and children in
Ireland and caused millions to leave the country.Many poor people grew potatoes for food. Potatoes
grew on unhealthy soil, even in winter.When a potato disease called blight arrived, possibly in ships
from America.It was a disaster. Potatoes went rotten, and were
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Analysis Of John F. Kennedy's 'Why We Came'
Immigration is always a big issue that the United States must deal with every day. While in "Why
We Came," John F. Kennedy emphasizes the mains reason of immigrants coming to America in
nineteenth century, Jose Deguzman in his article "Targets of Caricature: Irish Immigrants in
Nineteenth–Century America" focuses on the irony imposing on the Irish immigrants. Despite some
differences, more importantly they agree on the immigrants' belief in a society that has "life, liberty,
and the pursuit of happiness," the prejudice or discrimination they being treated, and the significant
values that immigrants contribute for American society. In the first place, Kennedy points out three
mains reason why the immigrants leaving their homeland and ... Show more content on
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In addition, many nativist groups regard the Irish immigrants as a threat in low–paying job. That led
to the employment opportunities for the Irish at that time almost a major obstacle. The other reason
for the opposition comes from religious issue. The nativist groups support for the "Know Nothing"
political party, which is an anti–immigrant platform. They blame immigrants are such problems of
unemployment, crime and housing shortage. In "Why They Came", President Kennedy states that
most of immigrants choose America as a destination for their new life because they strongly believe
in a society that follows the American's ideals of "the Declaration of Independence: the promise of
'life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness'" (238). The majority of immigrants travel to the U.S by
boat. They spend a lot of money on the trip. Some of them have to walk. They face to illness,
accidents, natural disasters and even the dangerous from pirates and outlaw. No matter how they go,
immigrants endure many hardships and dangers such as "winds, tides, primitive navigation,
unskilled seamanship, and the whim of the captain" during their trip (237). Even when immigrants
reach the destination, they suffer much harder challenges. They do not have enough time or food to
recover their strength. They have to start looking for work to earn money to pay for food and
accommodation immediately. That

First Wave Immigration
The First Wave of Immigration
Between 1840 and 1860, the first wave of immigration hit the United States. With the lot of them
being German and Irish, they seeked not only economic security and political stability, but a better
and newer life. With the Industrial Revolution in full motion, part of these dreams were fulfilled, but
arriving in the United States came with much more consequences as well. Though the Irish and
Germans had different experiences in the United States, both most definitely faced prejudice from
the Nativists. The Irish experience in the U.S. was harsh. They fled Ireland due to the Potato
Famine, and arrived here for opportunity, and even more importantly, a better life. They were also
exceedingly poor, so that being ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nativists feared immigrants due to the fact that they might out–populate natural–born Americans,
out–vote natural–born Americans, and overwhelm the United States in general. Also, during this
time, these immigrants refused to let go of their culture; German immigrants continued speaking
German and Irish immigrants continued speaking Gaelic, even though they spoke English as well.
Nativists eventually formed the group "Order of the Star–Spangled Banner", which evolved into the
American party, the "Know–Nothings". The "Know–Nothings" promoted violence against
immigrants and advocated for much anti–immigrant restrictions and policies. Hence why both
German and Irish immigrants faced much opposition and hatred from Americans, even when they
primarily arrived in the United States.
In conclusion, German and Irish immigrants faced prejudice solely because they were, in fact,
immigrants and 'un–american'. In reality, these immigrants shaped America in several ways, and
made the United States an exceptionally diverse country. Their work helped fuel this country's
expansion and prosperity. Extending as far as today, anti–immigrant feelings are still integrated in
our society, and situations are still similarly felt. After all, the so–called Americans in the 1800's
were technically descendants of immigrants, that serves to truly show the hypocrisy in their

Irish Immigrants
The shrieks of a hungry child pierce through the solemn silence. All those who hear can only endure
the horrid noise, for there is nothing that can be done to help. Her family can no longer provide food
for her. Their home country, Ireland, has faced a severe shortage in one of the main staples of the
native cuisine: the potato. This famine led to a decrease in not only the amount of available food,
but also in the amount of money that each individual family had (Irish and German). These issues in
unison made life exceptionally hard for the common Irish citizen. There was a point when the
amount of hardships was too much for families to bear. They had two options: stay and hope that
life would get better in Ireland, or relocate to America, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many would gather up all that they had in order to pay for their voyage across the ocean. Even then,
they usually would only have enough money to purchase a ticket on an over–crowded boat where
living conditions were close to intolerable (Brinkley). Their lack of funds not only effected their
quality of life during the expedition, but it also effected them after they had landed. They could not
afford to purchase property, so they were shoved into urban cities all around America (Irish and
German). Usually thrown into the less desirable housing, the immigrants were the typical occupants
of the poorly kept tenements. There they would spend their scarce moments away from their
dangerous minimal paying occupations trying to get a few moments rest. Though tenements were
already crowded for a single family, the low pay forced many to rent out their limited living space to
others in order to help themselves financially (Abbott). In addition to the already disastrous
apartments, cities would have awful infrastructures. Sewage would run through the streets, crime
would go unpunished, and fires would burn unimpeded. The immigrants could not do much to
improve their living conditions, and the people who could help often did not, due to their belief in
nativism (Brinkley). Immigrants persisted through all of this in an attempt to make a better life for
themselves and their

A Race United Essay
When the first Irish immigrants landed on the eastern shores of America in the 18th century, they
were met by intolerance from the Native whites who saw them as a threat to the American way of
life. The Dangers of Foreign Immigration, an article written by Samuel Morse in 1835, exposits
much of the anti–immigrant sentiment prevalent in the 19th century. To the natives, the Irish were
simply "niggers turned inside out" (Anonymous Satirism), who came to America as refugees from
Ireland to deprive them of their wealth and prosperity. Thus, the immigrants of Erin were forced to
join the ranks of the slave, the German, and the free Negro laborer at the very bottom of the
American diaspora. But instead of accepting the hand which they were ... Show more content on
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In addition to Irish progress politically, the sons and daughters of Erin also received help from each
other. Written in 1835, The Dangers of Foreign Immigration was not targeted at the earliest wave of
Irish immigrants who arrived in the late 18th century. Unlike later generations, these early Irish
Americans were not necessarily Catholic, and didn't always speak English, but rather Gaelic. By the
time the second wave of Irish immigrants arrived in the mid–19th century, yet more differences
existed between these two waves. Those immigrants who had arrived earlier were by now relatively
more wealthy and established than their more recent counterparts. But through their common
threads Irish men and women, the established communities provided financial and political aid to
their newly arriving brethren. The Shamrock Friendly Association, an Irish aid group comprised of
prosperous Irish American citizens, published an informational pamphlet in 1816 entitled Hints to
Emigrants from Europe. In it, they tell Irish immigrants that "they may derive benefit from the
counsel and guidance of friends," and that "if one has gone the road [they] are about to travel, by
only showing [them] how it winds beyond the next hill," (Shamrock Friendly Association 4) they
would be better able to navigate their path in America successfully. In addition to encouragement,
the immigrants also received

Irish Immigration 18001880 Essay
Irish Immigration 18001880 INTRODUCTION The history of Ireland "that most distressful nation"
is full of drama and tragedy, but one of the most interesting stories is about what happened to the
Irish during the mid–nineteenth century and how millions of Irish came to live in America (Purcell
31). Although the high point of the story was the years of the devastating potato famine from 1845
to 1848, historians have pointed out that immigrating from Ireland was becoming more popular
before the famine and continued until the turn of the twentieth century. In the one hundred years
between the first recording of immigrants in 1820 and the passing of immigration restrictions in
1924, over four and one half million Irish immigrated to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In 1776, right after the Declaration of independence was signed, Congress made qualitative
restrictions for the immigration of people from other countries to the United States in order to make
sure the good health of foreigners entering this country (Danilov 3). ACCEPTANCE AND
NONACCEPTANCE IN AMERICA The Catholic Church and politics were very important to the
Irish Americans. The church in Ireland had been a bulwark of strength against English oppression.
When the Irish suffered the same hostility as the British to their religious beliefs, the church in
America became a source of spiritual comfort. French and native–born priests controlled the
American Catholic church when the Irish arrived in large numbers, but the Irish quickly moved up,
becoming priests, nuns, and archbishops and leaders in the church. Archbishop John Hughes of New
York in the 1840s was the first of many Irish leaders in the Catholic Church. Politics and religion
helped the Irish overcome the bitter poverty they faced in the mid 1800s. As of 1980, the nearly 20
million Irish Americans were more likely than other immigrants to be professionals and managers.
Irish Americans had also earned the admiration of other Americans through many special
contributions to culture in the United States. The novelists John O'Hara, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Mary
McCarthy, and William Kennedy; the playwright Eugene O'Neill; and the film actor Spencer Tracy
are just a

Irish Immigrants
The Irish immigrated to the U.S. in the millions from 1820 and on. They came for a variety of
reasons, primarily the potato famine that caused nationwide starvation. However, the living
conditions in Ireland were deplorable far before the potato famine. The Irish were different from
Americans because they lived in rural area that lacked modern industry. Many were very poor and
had issues supporting themselves, or even moving away from the place they docked at when they
got off the boat. When they came to America, they were unprepared for the more industrialized
centers of the U.S. The Irish set the scene for immigrants coming to America in their housing
choices, occupations entered, and the way they sent financial support back home to Ireland. Many
Irish were large contributors in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the Klan's peak, about 15 percent of men who were eligible were in the clan. The Klan disliked
almost every group of people except their own, and they stood for white supremacy, which is the
belief that white people should have all the power and are the superior race. The KKK would also
lynch black people and really anyone who defied them. The KKK made minorities feel threatened
and unsafe. The Ku Klux Klan believed that every other group of people were inferior to them. They
were a violent, hateful, and racist group of people.
The Know Nothing party was a group of people in the 18th century who opposed Catholics and
immigrants. They had strong Protestant beliefs, along with nativist and American nationalist. The
Know Nothings would become violent at times, and in one instance had feud that resulted in 22
deaths. They would also have political powers become elected, and then after they already won
would be revealed as a member of the party. They had clashing political and religious views with
Catholics and Immigrants and that's where most of their problems stem

Irish Immigrants From Ireland To America
Many factors lead the Irish to emigrate from Ireland to America in the 1700s and 1800s; many left
Ireland barely escaping with their lives as famine and disease struck the country, some left over
political neglect from the country for its people especially by the British, others left for better
economic opportunities, religious, and social freedoms. In many of the letters on the documentary,
Out of Ireland, several people yearned for America and the idea of starting over on a new land full
of freedom and opportunity. Many people, mostly poor peasants, had endured enough suffering and
sought to leave these experiences behind by beginning life anew in the land of opportunity. Indeed,
the arrival of Irish immigrants set about a massive transformation

Irish In America Analysis
Discovering the metaphorical pot of gold at the end of the rainbow was a long and arduous journey
for Irish immigrants. The journey was full of unexpected obstacle to overcome on the path to
freedom in the land of opportunity known as America. Of factors leading the Irish to emigrate from
Ireland to America in between 1700–1800, the most significant were due to political and economic
misfortunes suffered by Irish residents who fell victim to English rule. The film, "The Irish in
America" notes 1800 as being the year that Irish parliament was abolished by an act that place
Ireland under the rule of English governing. However, as early as the 1700s, were experiencing
religious oppression and economic exploitation. "Irish in America" traces religious

Social And Economic Causes Of Irish Immigration
My family is Irish. The typical Irish immigrant came to america because of political culture and
persecution, economic reasons, social and religious reasons and the potato famine. Political culture
and persecution caused them to immigrate because of Austere taxation and tithes policies, cruel
landlords, sponsorship of land prices increased, causing already poor families to be thrown out on
the streets, and no catholics were allowed to own land. Economics caused them to immigrate
because new farming techniques increased, decreasing the need for agricultural laborers and
manufacturing industries sprang up, causing less emphasis in farming. Social and religious reasons
were a cause of irish immigration because catholics were not said to be loyal

Immigrants In The Antebellum Period
With different time periods comes contrasting views, problems, and achievements. The settlers in
the colonies faced different hardships, but also had some similarities with immigrants in the
Antebellum period. The settlers from the Antebellum period came from Ireland and Germany, while
the colonists came from England. Despite being in different time periods and involving diverse
groups of people, these immigrants had many similarities, and differences. The people in both time
periods had reasons for immigrating, faced problems, and had goals they wished to achieve upon
their arrival.
The Antebellum period took place before the Civil War, and after the Civil War of 1812. Brought on
by a need for laborers and immigrants in search of economic opportunity, this time period was
significantly shaped by many factors including the rise of abolition and the prominence of slavery.
The United States offered more jobs and opportunity to make a living rather than either starving or
dealing with political turmoil. Around 7 million people migrated to America from 1820–1870. One–
third of this new population was Irish and one–third was German. Around 1845 in Ireland, a potato
famine struck and caused millions of Irish people to starve. Because of this, over 1.25 million Irish
moved to the United States to escape it. The Irish immigrants were mostly poor and unskilled, while
the immigrants from Germany were skilled laborers and professionals who came from various
economic classes. The Germans

Irish Immigration In The 1930's
There were several international problems that prompt the arrival of immigrants, and thus, the
nativist groups that strongly opposed the Irish Immigrants but not as much the Germans. The Irish
came to the United States because of the Potato Blight, and the Germans came in because of the
revolution in the fragmented nation states in modern day Germany. The Irish come into America at
extraordinarily high levels, and immigration increased 4 times the amount it was in the 1820's by the
1840's. There were 143,000 people each year coming into the United Sates, and from 1820– 1870,
over 7 million immigrants come into the United States. Because of the large amount of people, it
was clear that these population were going to drastically affect America, ... Show more content on
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The Nativists felt entitled to a certain amount of wealth because they were U.S born. This was
irrelevant to big corporations and factories because they simply needed a body to maximize profits.
It didn't matter if one was white, black, German, or Irish because the profit exceeded any of these
divides. The nativists built political opposition with their I Know Nothing Party, which was a
political group that believed in restricting immigration and those not part of the main culture. The
Irish were Roman Catholic, so combined with their willingness to work for cheap, the Irish were
also in support of the pope. Most Americans were protestant, and they did not want to have Irish
majority because they feared having a populous that would prioritize the Pope over the government.
They did not want the power of the Pope to intervene and harm America's interest, and that fueled
the Nativist movements. Nativists pushed for literacy tests in voting which excluded a large majority
of the Irish at first because many of them were illiterate. Although even if they were literate, the
person conducting the test would arbitrarily determine and make that decision. They also push for
longer wait times for naturalization and citizenship as well as the overall banning of the Irish, but
those laws never come to pass. However, it came to a point where the laws of New England
mandated that all children go to school, and Irish soon were educated enough not be excluded. The
Nativist movement ultimately crumbles because the overwhelming majority of Irish Immigrants
coming in were supported by big factories that like a cheap labor supply as well as the unfeasibility
of stopping such a large body of the population from having a say in the politics of American
Society. The government never supports the nativists because they like the idea of more people

Irish American Immigrants In The Film Gangs Of New York
Gangs of New York, directed by Martin Scorsese, vividly depicts the experience Irish American
immigrants endured when first arriving to New York. This film is a look at the intolerance towards
Irish immigrants, the Civil War, and African–Americans in the Five Points neighborhood. The
tension and discord amongst the citizens of New York from the Five Points would thrive as gangs
fought for respect, land, and power. The authenticity of the films starts with its' depiction of Five
Points. In the mid–19 century Five Points was a dangerously vicious neighborhood, and through
many bloody battles, Irish immigrants fought with other immigrants to find their place on the social
ladder. The citizens of Five Points lived in a community without the presence

Irish Immigrants and the New York Draft Riots of 1863
The New York Draft Riots of 1863 In the summer of 1863 New York experienced one of the most
violent protests in the American history. The riots were mainly in reaction to the Union draft for the
Civil War, which Abraham Lincoln enacted when volunteers began to run out. The riots lasted for
five days, and the mob consisted of almost 50,000 angry men who opposed to the Civil War, draft
and Emancipation Proclamation. This paper will discuss how the Irish immigrants in New York
affected the draft riots of 1863, and the reason behind their participation, exploring specifically the
social, class and racial issues the Irish immigrants faced. The United States saw an influx of Irish
immigrants due to the Great Famine (potatoes) in Ireland. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
An article in the Journal of Negro History explains the opposition to the draft perfectly, "it seemed
that the act bore especially heavily upon the poor...and it would force white workers to fight to free
the slaves who would soon become rivals for employment." This caused Irish to attack specifically
the military forces, the wealthy, and the blacks in New York. The riots lasted for five days,
beginning on July 13 until July 17 when Lincoln had to send extra police and regiments of soldiers
from Pennsylvania to bring the mobs under control. McPherson describes, on the first day of the
riot, "mobs of Irish workers roamed the streets, burned the draft office, sack and burned the homes
of prominent Republicans and tried to unsuccessfully demolish the New York Tribune building." As
time went on the riots got worse, by the end of the first day they were attaching any black people on
the street, anyone who tried to calm them and even white employers who hired black workers. As
the mob moved through the city, intensifying their actions, they burned down the Colored Orphan
Asylum. One account stated that,
"the children numbering 233, were quietly seated in their school rooms... when an infuriated mob,
consisting of several thousand men, women and children armed with clubs, brick bats etc. advanced
upon the Institution. The crowd took as much of the bedding,

Irish Immigrants: The Great Potato Famine
Before the Irish Immigrants affected America, they immigrated to it. About 17% of the Irish
immigrants to come America came before the 1840s. Because of the Irish potato famine, most of the
Irish immigrants came to America between 1845 to 1860. The Irish potato famine, or The Great
Potato Famine, was caused by a late blight on potato crops year after year, starting in 1945 and
slowing down by 1851. The blight, otherwise known as Phytophthora infestans, infects the leaves
and edible roots of the potato plant, leaving the whole crop rotting in the fields. Because at least half
of Ireland at that time, mainly her poor, depended heavily on the potato crop as the main source of
nutrients and the rest of Ireland consumed it in large numbers, ... Show more content on
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The coldest welcome of all would have been in Boston, Massachusetts; a anti–Catholic, anglo saxon
city with a population of 115,000. Boatloads of Irish settled in the enclaves of the city's slums and
took any job they could find; cleaning yards and stables, unloading ships, or pushing carts. And
once again, the Irish were subject to greedy landlords, who charged up $1.50 a week for lodging in
foul–smelling and dark rooms that were eleven by eight feet across. They usually had no water,
sanitation, ventilation and sunlight. The majority, though, could not get a tenement and the overflow
of Irish would settle anywhere: in gardens, yards, alleyways, and shacks surrounding the buildings.
Typically anyplace where they could lie down and

Essay about Honored Irish Immigrants
For many people, the American dreams and promises brought ideas and new hopes of a better life.
For the Irish, the American dreams and promises weren't just ideas and hopes, they were the way to
a new beginning in America, a way to start over and forget the horrifying past they encountered. The
Irish struggled day after day to pay for fair travel to America. To many people, the challenge the
Irish overcame seemed to deserve praise. Today, the Irish are honored and commemorated for their
hard work and desire for a better life.
The start of the Irish' peoples struggles began when the British came and destroyed their way of life.
The Penal laws of 1691 stripped Irish Catholics of their freedoms by taking away their rights to
become officers ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
People worried about the potato crop. At first, the potatos seemed fine, but after further examination
the potatos were rotten. In October of 1845, Britain's Prime Minister, Sir Robert Peel, established a
scientific commission to discover over half of Irelands potatos had been ruined by "wet rot." The
potato crop failed time and time again. Irish people began to lose hope in receiving better living
conditions, but the shipping lanes opened to America after they had been closed by the war (Philip).
Irish began to think of the American dream and promise.
The American dream and promise changes a nations state of mind. It originally comes from the
Declaration of Independence. The promise is "all men are created equal, that they are endowed by
their Creator with certain unalienable Rights." The dream: "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of
happiness." All of which were things the Irish desired (Pendry).
According to Philips, between 1815 and 1816, around 20,000 Irish traveled to the Americas. These
emigrants were mostly professionals and shopkeepers, because farmers couldn't afford travel. Over
the next two decades shipping fees continued to have outrageous prices, but between 1823 and 1825
more people, such as the merchants and farmers, were able to travel because free passage and land
grants were allowed to Catholics. The largest emigration was in 1827 when nearly 400,000 Irish
traveled to the Americas on Coffin Ships; overcrowded ships filled

German And Irish Immigrants In The 19th Century
German and Irish immigrants made up two of the largest immigrant groups in the 19th century. The
immigration experience of the Germans and Irish shown through Ironweed, Maggie: A Girl of the
Streets, Hold Dear, As Always Jette, Immigrant Voices, and Second Fatherland displayed several
similarities and differences between each group's immigration experience. The Germans and Irish
similarly went through Americanization by living in communities made up of their own ethnic
group. Also, the role of women was similar in both communities; women took care of the children
and maintained the house. They both faced serious disease in both of their communities and were
not considered American until later on. However, there were many ways that the German

Irish Culture in America Essay
Irish Culture in America
I. Introduction
The history of Ireland is diverse and fact is mixed with fiction. Through the years in which Ireland
had a famine, many people migrated over to the United States in order to have a better life and gain
some prosperity. When they arrived they were met with less than open arms, but rather a whole new
world of discrimination. I will be discussing the summary I have done on the discrimination of Irish
in America today, followed by my reactions, two other Irish blooded reactions, the history,
identities, and transitions, of these people of which I learned through doing this research.
II. Research Summary
The readings on Irish immigrants in America led me to understand the racism and culture ... Show
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Not all the Irish drink and the stereotype is false in many cases pertaining to Irish Americans.
Another value of the Irish is uncertainty avoidance, "which concerns the degree to which people
who feel threatened by ambiguous situations respond by avoiding them" (Martin & Nakayama,
2000, 70). This leads the Irish to "prefer to reduce rules, accept dissent, and take risks" (Martin &
Nakayama, 2000, 70). This can be supported by the massive immigration to the United States during
the Potato Famine. Many Irish took to the seas during this period, and it was a great risk for so many
to cross a sea and enter a world new to them, breaking away from the British power that controlled
their lives. This emigration also demonstrates a sense of free will, which encompasses the need for
change and to continue trying even if you fail. I noticed that the Irish are perceived as a group that
works hard for what it wants and doesn't seem to give in to the norms of society. The new vision of
Irish immigrants seems to be much healthier than that of previous generalizations. The action and
doing value, which is entangled in the values, seems to be present in the lives of Irish immigrants,
"The young Irish coming over here today are much more sophisticated, more educated, and more
ambitious " (Krim & Early, 1995, p.33). There is a definite sense of the contact hypothesis in the
Santa Clara Valley, where cultures seem to

Socioeconomic Similarities Of Irish Immigrants
Ethnicity and class are similar, yet different. A common way to described class can be by the
socioeconomic statues of an individual. The socioeconomic statues are lower class, middle class,
and high class. Ethnicity can be described as a group of people who are bound together by either
having common traditions or cultures. They way class and ethnicity functions together for Irish
immigrants was that even though they had the same skin color as the English, they were still seen
and treated harshly. They were considered lower class in both Europe and America in the 1800s,
they were treated like any other minority in the United States. However, even though Irish
Immigrants were treated unfairly as any other minority, the Irish believed that

How Did The Irish Immigrants Influence The Future Of America
Hello i'm Thomas D'Arcy McGee. I was born in Carlingford Ireland on April 7, 1825. In 1842 i
packed up and moved myself to north america and joined the boston pilot. A little while later I got
really involved with the irish rebellion and had to go to united states. While i was in the United
States my attitude changed about how i felt. I argued that the irish immigrants should choose canada
over the United states. I became editor of the era which was used to discuss irish politics and the
future of canada. In December 1857 i was elected to the legislative assembly of the province of
canada. As you can see i like changing things up and trying new things. So in 1862 i joined the
cabinet of the john sandfield macdonald government and charged with the intercolonial Railways
conference. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All the meetings and discussion took several years and lot of arguments. A lot of the arguments were
due to the financing problems while trying to build the railway. Eventually there was a financial
agreement about building the railways. Canada and Maritimes would split the coast of the
construction. The deal eventually fell at the end of the year. A lot of hard work was wasted, Until
near the end of the quebec conferences a deal was finally reached. The construction finally started in
1867.
I was really involved with the Catholic Churches in Ireland. I supported the as much as I could with
whatever they needed. When I left Ireland in and moved to the United States I thought that this was
the best place for any of the Irish immigrants to go. But while I stayed there and did all my work I
became disgusted with how the united states ran their democracy and republicanism. So I go moved
out of here as soon as I could. I moved to Canada and then started sending all the Irish immigrants
to Canada. I thought they had way better religious rights and was ran way better than the United
States

The Irish And Chinese Immigrants In The 1950's
The Irish and Chinese immigrants during the 1950's were subjected to cruel judgment and unjust
regulations. Even though both of these races had such a major impact on American history, they
were once seen as an invasive species that were sucking up all available jobs. This forced the
American government and its people to take a stand against the Cheese and Irish. The Chinese faced
exclusion and economic laws, while the Irish were plagued with the label of being poor, diseased,
and considerably different from the prior Irish. The first sight of Chinese immigrants came in 1848
on the coast of California. These immigrants came left all they knew back in the Guandong
Providence in search of a more prosperous American future. Overpopulation mixed with economic
and political crisis were the defining factors for their departure. During 1815–1855 on the entire
opposite side of America, Irish immigrants were landing in Boston and New York. Their appearance
in America can be divided through the time period in which they came. 1815–1844 Irish immigrants
left their native island due to British encroachment, cruel landlords, as well as a explosive
population growth from around four million to nine million. Yet, from 1845–1855 a majority of Irish
immigrants left due to a fungal infection that wiped out the primary crop in Ireland, the Potato.
While the Irish and Chinese had their separate reasons for leaving their original domicile, they
ended in the same country facing the same racial

How Did Irish Immigrants Become Successful
Success as an immigrant means that they have achieved economic stability. Whether that is by
having a stable job that pays well or being able to support your family and pay your bills every
month. Most struggle at first but end up achieving this success, unlike the Irish immigrants. Irish
immigrants failed at achieving success in America because they lacked the important skills needed
to become successful, companies became anti–Irish and many worked low–class jobs. The Irish
Immigrants lacked many skills that were needed for different jobs throughout America. Many had
few or no urban or rural skills, except growing potatoes. Many had only a grade school education
and very few had a high school education. This lack of education brought ... Show more content on
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Some of the most important factors were that they had almost no skills for working in agriculture or
urban society. This was because many only knew how to grow potatoes and Ireland was not
industrialized by that time. Another factor was the fact that many people and companies became
anti–Irish. The Irish did not know how to behave in the workplace and many joined unions so they
were not reliable. Lastly, they worked in low–class jobs. They had to take the dangerous jobs no one
else wanted because they were at the bottom of the social class and getting discriminated against by
companies. Today some people are discriminated against because of how they look, speak or even
sexual orientation. There are laws against it but it still happens. Some will not get chances to even
show themselves because of those factors. Many people today are still racist and homophobic and
will not give them the chances they deserve. For all they could know they could be great people.
This relates to the Irish immigrants because they were sometimes not even given a chance and had
to work very dangerous jobs because of their ethnicity. This caused them to be unsuccessful in
American

The Emigration Of The United States
There are many reasons as to why people from other countries decide to make a journey to America.
Some immigrants flee to the united states in an attempt to escape persecution, find economic
prosperity, and to seek a new life that is filled with opportunities that would have been virtually
impossible in their homeland. Others are escaping oppressive regimes or natural disasters that have
ravaged their country. America's reputation for being the "land of opportunity" filled with endless
land just waiting to be claimed, plentiful jobs, and tolerance for all peoples has made the country a
beacon for the "huddled masses". Throughout America's history immigrants have poured in from
nations all over the world, but the most memorable waves of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
These Irish immigrants faced a two month trip to America, where conditions on the ship were harsh,
food was scarce, and death and illness were plenty. Once the Irish immigrants arrived in America,
they were taken to Ellis Island for processing before they could begin their new lives in the United
States. American life turned out to be not as ideal as the Irish immigrants expected. Irish Immigrants
had to face a great deal of discrimination in their new homes. One reason for the harsh treatment of
the Irish was religion. Many Protestants and other Americans felt distrustful of the the catholic
religion; therefore the Irish were not to be trusted. Due to the clash of the Protestants and the Irish
Catholics, much violence ensued which resulted in the attack of Irish Immigrants and their places of
worship. Another issue that caused the ill treatment of the Irish was the fact that Americans
considered the Irish to be a "servant class". Having come to the United States with little to no
money, no land, and very few skills, many of the Irish had to become indentured servants. Those
who had jobs that didn 't require servitude where jobs that required hard labor and barely anybody
wanted, and the Irish were paid way below the average salary. In 1852, New York railroad
contractors posted listings of hire which promised good pay, and when mostly Irish applied they
lowered the average salary to around fifty cents a day for ten hour

Essay about The Plight of Immigrants to Boston
The Plight of Immigrants to Boston
Since its conception in the early 1600's, Boston, the so–called 'City on a Hill,' has opened its doors
to all people of all ethnic and religious background. At times there were many who fought to prevent
the immigrants, while other people, at the same time, helped those who made it to the Americas,
more specifically, Boston to make a new life for themselves. The immigrants from Ireland were not
unfamiliar with this trend in American history. More often than not, the Irish immigrants were met
with adversity from the 'native' Bostonians. Founded by the Puritans in the late 1600's, Boston and
its people were not completely open to immigrants, at first, which seemed odd, considering they
were once ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Unfortunately, the Irish–Catholic immigrants were not looked very–highly upon at first. The Puritan
citizens of Boston often looked those that actually expressed their religious, "papist" beliefs in
public with suspicion and fear. These Puritans "continued to regard Catholicism as both a subversive
political menace as well as a fearsome religious heresy." This, considering the fact that those same
Puritans and Protestants came to the Colonies in search of religious freedom, was quite bold on their
parts. For example, many Roman Catholics were excluded from liberties and rights that other
citizens had. They were "often placed under unusually severe limitations on their everyday life
especially on those actions where religious believes played and important role." Following the
Revolutionary War, some tolerance for Catholics was present –– "there was a sufficient atmosphere
of forbearance in Boston to accommodate the handful of Roman Catholics who had now begun to
practice heir religion openly." This new found tolerance could not have come at better time. After
the Revolutionary War, larger numbers of Irish immigrants were joining their friends and families in
America. From 1825 to 1830, approximately 125,000 people emigrated from Ireland to the
Americas, an average of 20,000 a year. Over 30,000 of them came to Boston and by 1830, the Irish
Catholic population of Boston had grown to 8,000. Unfortunately, this

Noel Ignatiev's How The Irish Became White
Centered around the Antebellum era, Noel Ignatiev's How the Irish Became White took place during
the height of Irish immigration to the United States, where millions crossed the Atlantic in search of
economic prosperity and other central pillars of the American Dream. However, Ignatiev asserts that
those traditional American values were originally inaccessible for the newly arrived Irish
immigrants. Shown by the virulent opposition toward immigration, Ignatiev highlights how the
growing fear of foreign intrusion and ethnic tensions threatened to rape the superfluity of many Irish
immigrants and their opportunity to uncover prosperity and freedom in America. Not only did How
the Irish Became White uncover the brutal oppression and widespread xenophobic sentiments
towards the Irish, it also shows how they eventually gain a level of economic opportunity by
cultivating a scene of whiteness that embodied contemporary American values and briefs. In the
book, Ignatiev demonstrates how Irish immigrants gained the privileges associated ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
During a time of heightened racial tension between whites and blacks, the Irish sought to cement
their status amongst natives by supporting and inciting race riots like the New York City Draft Riot
of 1863. While the riot originally began as an anti–draft protest, it quickly grew into a political
campaign and racial warfare against black laborers. Along with racial slurs and "torching homes of
poor African Americans", the Irish also lynched colored orphans and racially mixed couples (New
York Times). The shift to being a member of the oppressing class marks the success of the Irish in
cultivating whiteness and acceptance. They found a common alliance with white natives. In order to
preserve their own economic advantage and employment opportunities, they had to create political
and social barriers for

Irish Immigrants To America
The largest group ever to immigrate to the United States was the Irish. Today, there are over forty
three million people that are of Irish blood within the US. There were three different reasons that
brought Irish to America. The first was the early medieval Christian church. The second was the
fight of the Roman Catholic nobility. The third and final was the great potato famine, which was the
greatest mass emigration ever. The first and second reason the Irish immigrated was mostly caused
by conditions after 1717 that began to grow uneasy. The British encouraged the people of Northern
Ireland who were called Scotch–Irish to create a Catholic Ireland. Irish could not live with religious
freedom. They were often challenged by the British

Living In The Early 1900s And Late 1800s In America As A...
What Was It like Living In the Early 1900s and Late 1800s In America As a Irish Immigrant ? Irish
Immigrants came to America from poverty of Ireland to have to be treated bad and to live in harsh
conditions. Early 1900s and late 1800s immigration living in America In the late 1800s and early
1900s Irish immigrants came to America very unprepared because they came from the Great
Famine. The country they came from Ireland was lacking modern industry. In 1840 70,000 people
from Ireland stormed Boston and New York. Living was hard for the Irish immigrant they were
crammed into small apartments and the homes were lacking running water. The apartments were
filthy with bacteria everywhere you would look. Knowing living was hard also finding

Essay On German And Irish Immigration
In the early 1800s the German and Irish were suffering from unemployment, famine, civil unrest
and many other hardships. Through these hardships, not having food or jobs they decided to
congregate in an area that could provide this for them. From 1820 to 1870 hundreds of thousands of
German and Irish immigrants ended up emigrating to the United States in search of jobs and
opportunities. Burgeoning companies took in anyone that was looking for a job, the immigrants
would end up taking almost every labor enduring job in the country. The immigration of the German
and Irish immigrants would end up affecting and changing many American lives. In Ireland about a
half of the population were living on farms and since they were poor most of them were dependent
on potatoes for food. When the crop soon failed after three years of success and it led to a massive
famine throughout their nation, killing thousands of people. The Irish had to get out of their poor
and suffering country and decided to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A big part of this opposition was from jobs, when it came to the American people and the new
immigrants. Most of the time the American workers would be replaced or threatened in their
position of work and if they were replaced, they were replaced with immigrants because the
immigrants were willing to work for next to nothing in order to survive. Another big part of
opposition against the immigrants was through the immigrant's religious beliefs. Many of the Irish
and German immigrants were Roman Catholic. This caused anti–catholic rioting throughout most of
the Northern cities and the largest anti–catholic riot occurred in Philadelphia in 1844 during a period
of economic depression. These riots resulted in dozens of people being injured, 16 people killed and
over 40 buildings were

Irish Immigrants in Boston Essay
Irish Immigrants in Boston
The life of Irish immigrants in Boston was one of poverty and discrimination. The religiously
centered culture of the Irish has along with their importance on family has allowed the Irish to
prosper and persevere through times of injustice. Boston's Irish immigrant population amounted to a
tenth of its population. Many after arriving could not find suitable jobs and ended up living where
earlier generations had resided. This attributed to the 'invisibility' of the Irish. Much of the very
early migration had been heavily male, but during the famine years, migration was largely a family
affair. Families were arriving serially in ?chain? migration while others suffered high mortality rates
in these years. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One leading Irish–American politician, John Mitchel, wrote in his newspaper, The Citizen in 1856:
He would be a bad Irishman who voted for principles which jeopardized the present freedom of a
nation of white men, for the vague forlorn hope of elevating blacks to a level for which it is at least
problematical whether God and nature ever intended them.
So the Irish tended to be in favor of slavery and against abolition. This was just another reason why
many of the people around them did not get along with them, this in turn probably making their
lives harder and less enjoyable. However, at the outbreak of the Civil War an estimated 170,000 men
born in Ireland joined the Union Army, but only about 40,000 were in the Confederate Army. This
occurred because the issue for the Irish was not so much slavery as it was preserving the Union. The
church in Boston agreed with Archbishop Hughes that ?It is one country and shall be one?.
After the Civil War, attitudes toward the Irish shifted slightly, and the "Irish Need Not Apply" signs
on businesses, that had been so common decades before, began to disappear. The Irish had heavily
participated in the war: thirty nine Union regiments contained a majority of Irishmen, and the 69th
regiment was comprised almost totally of Irishmen. The Irish Americans gained some respect for
their involvement in the Civil War and were now more accepted by American society. The Irish
Americans in the post–Civil War time period were

Irish Americans Essay
Irish– American Immigrants
"America's bounty –– the abundance of the fields, the beauty of the landscape, the richness of our
opportunities –– has always attracted people who are in search of a better life for themselves and
their children. Our democracy owes its success in great part to the countless immigrants who have
made their way to our shores and to the tremendous diversity this Nation has been blessed with
since its beginnings. In March, when communities all across the country celebrate St. Patrick's Day,
our nation honors the rich heritage of the millions of Americans who trace their lineage to Ireland."
(Clinton 2003) This was, in part, a proclamation given by our former President William J. Clinton,
on February 23, 1995. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
People were left with nothing to eat and no way to make money to support themselves. Many
wandered the countryside, begging for food or work. Others ate grass and weeds to survive. Those
who could afford it or those peasants, whose landlords paid the way, left the country in search of a
better life. Many Irish set sail to the United States. Boston, Massachusetts seemed to be the Irish
port of choice. Although it seemed that life for the Irish could not get any worse, the journey to
Boston was yet another horror the Irish had to endure. Ship owners often crowded hundreds of
desperate Irish onto rickety vessels labeled "coffin ships." In many cases, these ships reached port
only after losing a third of their passengers to disease, hunger, and other causes (Virginia 2003).
Because so many hungry Irish died on their disgusting crossing to Boston, the Atlantic Ocean
became known as the "Bowl of Tears."
As if that had not been bad enough, as they stepped off the ships they realized that although they
had left Ireland to flee from misery, they were faced with a new set of trails. Hundreds of runners,
usually large greedy men, swarmed aboard the ships grabbing immigrants and their bags trying to
force them to their favorite tenement house and then exact an outrageous fee for their services. As
the poor immigrant had no means of moving on, they settled in the port of

Irish Immigrants In The 1800s
In the late 1800s, people from other countries across the world choose to leave their homes and
move to the United States. United States was seen as the land of economic opportunity at this time
because of famine, land and job shortages, and rising taxes in their countries. Many others desired
personal freedom or to escape political and religious persecution. Between 1870 and 1900, over 12
million immigrants arrived in hopes of a promising future. The majority of these immigrants were
from England, Ireland, and Germany. Immigrants from Europe commonly entered from ports on the
East Coast and settled nearby. However, there were a few immigrants who were attracted by lands
for farming and moved inland.
During the 1870s and 1880s, many Irish occupied the slums of East Boston, including new
immigrants. The Irish began to move up the social ladder and a few were entering the professions.
However, the majority of Irish immigrants were still living in poverty in urban slums. Despite this,
the Irish were able to elect their candidates and obtain political power in cities with large
populations of Irish such as Boston. In addition, successful Irishmen became the ward bosses of the
cities and mediated between the political parties and new Irish immigrants.
At noon of September 16, 1893, a cannon's boom signaled the start of the Oklahoma Land Rush.
About 100,000 people using various forms of transportation rushed out to claim plots of land.
Unfortunately, many were disappointed with

Diary Of An Irish Immigrant
Brendan Ryan February 16th, 2017 Class 811 Period 3 The Diary of an Irish Immigrant Entry #1:
Leaving Ireland. December 8th, 1892 It 's so cold today. I sit on a suitcase packed for me, Norah. I
am from a small town in Ireland called Cobh, and I live there with my mother, father and little sister.
Glenn is my older brother, three years older than me. Oh, and I 'm sixteen. I guess you could call
this feeling anxiety, but it really is more than that. It feels like I 'll never come home, and I 'll never
see mother and father again. Everyone says (well, if you can call the newspaper editor and his wife
everyone) that America is "paved with gold" and that "endless opportunities" await anyone who
goes. But the stories I ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It 's dark, and I can 't see what I am writing well at all, so excuse me if my penmanship is sloppy. I
thought about it, and decided that I should record what 's going on, because I don 't want to become
senile and forget everything once I get old. Glenn told me that he has arranged to get a job at a dock
once we land. We are only a week or so in to our voyage, so I can 't exactly start complaining yet,
seeing as we haven 't even reached the halfway point in our journey. I 'm trying not to allow myself
to look forward to living in America too much, in case it isn 't all I hoped it would be. But I can 't
help it. I stand on the deck and picture being able to teach school, and have a job, and live in my
own house... and I get get carried away, and then I remember that it could be a month before I am
even able to become a citizen. All is I hear is stories of having absolute freedom in America,
cleanliness, fairness, and equality. But most of all, I hear about money. It 's everywhere, they say,
ready for making your fortune whatever way you please. I 'm sorry, this entry must be shorter than
most. I forgot to say that Glenn has fallen ill, but it seems like it 's just a flu bug, and hopefully he
will be better soon. Hopefully. Entry #3: This long journey better be worth it December 20th, 1893 I
feel wretched from all the rocking and turning of the ship. I thought I 'd get used to it, but it feels
like it 's gotten ten times worse I feel like I can whine about

Descriminationn Against Irish-American Immigrants and...
Descriminationn Against Irish–American Immigrants and Native Americans
Racism is a problem with roots reaching as far back as biblical times, and it is questionable as to
whether or not racial discrimination will ever vanish. Many different groups of people have been
subject to racism over time. Two historical examples of people who were discriminated against
because of their nationality are Native Americans and Irish–American immigrants. Although the
situations they faced are not quite identical, they have an abundance of similarities. The Native
Americans and the Irish citizens who immigrated to the United States suffered a similar plight in the
sense that both peoples were persecuted for their cultural differences as well as ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this bloody encounter, Jackson's forces slaughtered nearly eight hundred Indians, including many
women and children. "His soldiers made bridle reins from strips of skin taken from the corpses; they
also cut off the tip of each dead Indian's nose for body count."(Brinkley, 85) The Creeks were forced
westward, off their homelands, and Jackson won a commission as major general in the United States
Army.(Brinkley, 212)
Andrew Jackson fueled his troops by describing the Native Americans as "savage bloodhounds" and
"blood thirsty barbarians."(Brinkley, 212) The General made every attempt to depict the Indians as
the enemy, who should be suppressed for the benefit of the white man. After the triumph at Horse
Shoe Bend, Jackson told his troops:
The fiends of the Tallapoosa will no longer murder our women and children, or disturb the quiet of
our borders . . . . They have disappeared from the face of the Earth. In their places a new generation
will arise who will know their duties better . . . . How lamentable it is that the path to peace should
lead through blood, and over the carcasses of the slain!! But it is in the dispensation of that
providence, which inflicts partial evil to produce general good.(Takaki, 85–86)

Irish Immigrants Coming To America
Immigrants from Ireland were driven to the United States due to the Great Famine of 1845–1850.
Many people were almost completely dependent on potatoes, an easy–to–raise crop, due to Britain's
change of religion. These potatoes then fell victim to the unknown disease that left many families
starving, and people dead. Families saved money for several winters to be able to send even one
person to the United States, although they would only be able to arrive if they managed to survive
the unsanitary and unsafe journey over. After arriving, many Irish immigrants began working in
factories, or took jobs in the households of native–born families – then sent money back to Ireland
to feed their suffering families, or to pay for another family member

Discrimination of Irish Catholic Immigrants During the...
Discrimination of Irish Catholic Immigrants During the 1920's
During the 1920's there were many controversial issues. There was a concern about declining moral
and ethical values, which led to restrictions such as prohibition for example. The concern about
these issues seemed most intense when they pertained to religion. In situations like these it always
seems necessary to place the blame somewhere. One particular group on which this blame was
emphasized happened to be the immigrants. Irish Catholic immigrants were a main focus of
discrimination in many ways.
The fight for immigration restriction was fueled by America's negative view of foreigners.
Protestants especially made it a point to link alcohol ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The fear that surrounded this time period was a perfect way to spread the propaganda of the Klan. It
was believed that this group of immigrants held their primary allegiance to a foreign sovereign over
loyalty to the United States. This anti Catholicism was a driving force behind the popularity of the
KKK. To show the mentality of the time, there was no tax on Klan fees because they were
considered to be a benevolent society by the government. The fact that the KKK adamantly
discriminated against the Irish Catholics may seem surprising because the majority of today's
population would assume that the Klan's members encompassed any person who appeared to be
Caucasian.
This group of immigrants was also discriminated in the workplace. Employers made the wages for
this group lower than wages of other employees. The intention for this ill treatment was that the
immigrants would warn their Irish relatives of the bad conditions here in the U.S. discouraging them
from immigrating as well as to encourage the Irish Catholic immigrant employees who resided in
the U.S. to leave.
This direct discrimination against the Irish Catholic immigrants was hypocritical in the democratic
and liberal society of America. It is wrong to allow one group to infringe upon another one's rights
just because of religious

Black And Irish Immigrants: Racial Discrimination In The...
"Free Blacks and Irish immigrants suffered the same racial discrimination and low social status."
(Jacobson 1998). Not only that, but Patrick McKenna also mentions how Black and Irish
immigrants were being crammed into the same cities making the Blacks and Irish compete for the
same jobs to the point where they're physically fighting over these jobs. This is not as common
today however, we are currently facing racial discrimination toward Central American countries. In
Comparison to that, today, we speak more about Mexicans immigrating to the United States. Also,
we're identifying these individuals by the physical characteristics we have given them, not only that
but what we know them for working the most; for example, jobs in agriculture. In

Analysis of The Irish Way by James R. Barrett
Analysis
The book, "The Irish Way" by James R. Barrett is a masterpiece written to describe the life of Irish
immigrants who went to start new lives in America after conditions at home became un–
accommodative. Widespread insecurity, callous English colonizers and the ghost of great famine
still lingering on and on in their lives, made this ethnic group be convinced that home was longer a
home anymore. They descended in United States of America in large numbers. James R. Barrett in
his book notes that these people were the first group of immigrants to settle in America. According
to him, there were a number of several ethnic groups that have arrived in America. It was, however,
the mass exodus of Irish people during and after the great ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Situation was to change later as they etched themselves deeper into the American society. The more
days went by, the more they became Americans through and through. Assimilation was never by
design, choice or any predetermined action. It was shaped through day–to–day conflicts and through
interaction with other ethnic groups. Having a good advantage in English as their first language,
they were able to participate in various activities that later shaped their destiny. Their children were
able to attend schools. A number of various professionals were found in various economic sectors of
the country. There were numerous policemen and women, preachers and teachers– a sign that
clearly indicated that they were coming of age and that they were slowly overcoming the challenges
that had bent them downwards. Soon they started making it into elective post. This was partly
because of their improved economic status and partly due to their personality. Barrett noted that
these people were activist and had embarked on various activities that benefited the community.
Another social conflict underlined in this book was the conflict between the Irish–American citizen
and the citizens of Indian origin. Typically, Irish people looked down upon the Indian citizens. The
writer notes that the Irish people were slowly forgetting their own fate of how they too were the
subject of discrimination and callous victimization in the

Irish Immigrants and Their Struggles Essay
Irish Immigrants and Their Struggles
Shelby Stauble
ETH/125
3/21/10
Twyler Earl
The Irish people left Ireland and immigrated to America to enjoy a better life, get away from the
poverty and starvation that they were faced with in Ireland due to the potato famine. They face all
kinds of discrimination and were forced to take the worst types of jobs, but they never gave up and
kept fighting for their freedom. The Irish were brave, courageous, and hardworking and made it
possible for all Irish to live happy and free lives in America.
The Irish immigrated to the United States starting in 1820, more came after 1820 due to the potato
famine which started in 1845, rotting of the potato crops ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Putting them on a boat and sending them home would end crime in this country."(para. 4). Although
the Irish were put down by Americans they never gave up and continued to press on. They were
discriminated against but stuck together which helped them survive in America.
The Irish face all types of discrimination; for example, environmental justice issues, meaning they
were placed in terrible environments, such as the shacks they lived in and the boats they were
brought to America on. They faced redlining, meaning they were denied certain job position and
were forced to pay a large amount of money for housing. They double jeopardy because they were
Irish and catholic, the Americans saw this as two good reasons to treat the Irish poorly. The Irish
faced institutional discrimination they were not given the same jobs and or opportunities that the
average American was given because the American people felt as though the Irish were a terrible
group of people. The Irish were given the worst jobs America had to offer and only because those
jobs were the only ones offered to them. They faced class ceiling discrimination because the Irish
were unable to move on to better positions at their place of work. The Irish were given the most
terrible jobs and even though the American people thought the Irish were good workers they were
still unable to move up in

Irish Immigrants In Early America Essay
Before the notorious potato famine, many Irish were moving across the Atlantic to America in hopes
of a more prosperous, uncomplicated and trouble–free lifestyle. Irish emigrants looked at America
to offer a higher standard of living through high wages and low commodity costs. With the myths of
an easily attainable lifestyle existing in America, it is no wonder why later; there were so many
potato famine–era immigrants that they established the basis for the significant Irish population and
ethnicity in the United States. The emphasis in the last proposition, however, is on the word myth.
Many of those fleeing Ireland may or may not have believed that America would offer a prosperous
and uncomplicated lifestyle. But most did believe that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Social Fabric describes American opportunity for the Irish:
Even with the advantage of knowing English, the famine–era Irish had much going against them in
America. They had few marketable skills, little education, and no money. Substantial social
disorganization, poverty, crime, disease, alcoholism, and family dissolution – accompanied their
resettlement in America (241).
Employment wasn't offering an answer to the undesirable living conditions due to the Irish's lack of
experience and skills. There was an abundant need for unskilled labor in America but because there
were so many people looking for work, the wages remained ultimately low. Pay was often so low
that Irish families would supplement their income by selling milk in the cities (242). Because the
Irish portrayed an undesirable, under–standard, and unskilled image, job–seekers would commonly
see a "NINA" (No Irish need apply) sign in the windows of what could have been prospective
employers. The Social Fabric states that Germans were often found as unskilled laborers also.
Actually, Germans outnumbered Irish in unskilled labor positions, but Germans commonly ended up
in building, construction or where apprenticeship was available. The Irish rarely saw mobility in
unskilled labor jobs (243).
Once a job was found, the working conditions were nothing to look forward to. The pay was very
low (around eighty cents per day) and was usually seasonal at that. Predictable hours and shifts were
not offered

Irish Immigrants And The Potato Famine

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