Ethical Whistleblowing

Ethical Whistleblowing
If a boss is dealing drugs or an executive officer is drinking on the job, employees have the option to speak to an authority or keep quiet about this
situation. In conventional terms, the act of speaking out is called whistleblowing. Employees use these actions to call out their boss at work or an
executive that is not following the companies policy. However, speculations have arisen whether the employee has loyalty to the boss. As a
representation of the business and the employer, the employees has become an agent of the company. With the bad name going out in public, the
employee as well will face the consequences as he is also a representative of the organization. In spite of that, misconduct upon policies regarding
company policies may also lead... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If the CEO received a report of his misconduct, the business would surely fall as the boss was the key person who kept the business running steadily.
Most often, this event can cause massive damage to employee's salaries, and affect the economic values as well. Furthermore, one may argue that
whistleblowing may violate individual rights as employee's signed a contract abiding by company's standard. In an article called "Whistleblowing and
Professional Responsibilities" by Sissela Bok, she emphasizes "employees have a loyalty oath of confidentiality and secrecy" (Bok 178) which may
violate human rights as well. Individuals often view that they often have the right to privacy. However, whistleblowing to the company can create a
breach in loyalty. Similar to a friend posting every secret about the person, employers contain information to avoid mass media and future damages to
the community. Therefore, whistleblowing may create further chaos and future problems. While whistleblowing has its flaws regarding the standards
placed on the employee, moral and ethical rights are higher than what an employer can offer for their
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Americans Conflicted About Lying: An Analysis
How come people think lying is a very Satanic action, yet they do it so naturally? According to the articles, "It's the Truth:Americans Conflicted
About Lying" and "Lies, Lies, Lies" by Paul Gray, Michael Duffy, Priscilla Painton, and Elizabeth Rudulph reveal when lying is acceptable. Lying is
indeed not a pleasant thing to do or receive, but can ben used for an alternate purpose.
The first text, "Lies, Lies, Lies" found several types of lies, a few being known to protect other Anne Frank survived as long as she did because those
sheltoring her and her family lied to the Nazis."(Gray, paragraph 2) This proves that if Miep and those helping Anne Frank didn'tlie, then no one would
have survived for long. Another supportive statement is, "On

Essay on Video Game Violence and Its Effects on Children
Video Game Violence and Its Effects on Children
As we enter the 21st Century, video games are becoming more popular each and everyday. People of all ages can and do enjoy video games as a way
to spend there free–time. These games allow the player to live in the game whether it's about sports or a role playing game. The problem with the video
games in the market is that they are becoming too violent in some people's minds. Also, many of these violent video games are being advertised and
directed to America's children. This is my question for America; can video games influence violence and aggression in children? In this paper, I will
include American's view on this issue, what tests have shown and what the video game industry has to say ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Video games can also lower the violence in the world since people can perform violence virtually in games instead in real life. But still, even
though players aren't actually killing, they are still possibly involved emotionally in the idea of killing. This occurs when players play first person
shooter games. These types of games allow the player to experience everything that the killer goes through. Players feel emotions like anger,
nervousness, power and pride while killing its opponent or being killed. So video games can be seen as a safe way for players to release rage and
emotions. However, Columbine did happen and in a way it took images from a computer game to the real life.
Video games have been around since 1974 when Pong, the first video game by Atari, was released in the United States. Since then video games have
grown into a huge industry for all ages. The biggest group of customers for the industry is young males. Boys aged 8–18 spend an average of 40
minutes a day playing video games. Girls on the other hand are increasing their game playing but only play (Smith 2). According to Cassel and
Jenkins, editors of From Barbie to Mortal Kombat, found out that approximately 80 percent of game playing among nine to fifteen year olds was
done by boys in 1990. The reason that for this percentage is due to the type of video games that are out in the market today. Violence is the key
component to most video games that boys are

Dishonesty As A Vice, Is Universal And Timeless Essay
Dishonesty, as a vice, is universal and timeless; according to the Bible, the very first humans on earth committed the first sin of deception. Adam and
Eve lied to God about whether they had eaten the fruit of the forbidden tree in the Garden of Eden, cementing the human race as one which feels that
the burden of truth is too cumbersome to carry, and dooming humanity to a life of sin. Modern liars still carry on this legacy of deception, and rather
than seeing "modern liars" as their own association, all living humans are modern liars. Regardless of whether the practice of dishonesty is daily or
hourly, small "white lies" or large–scale intentional misdirection, each mortal creature contributes to the act of lying. Some of these "large–scale liars"
were interviewed in the documentary entitled "(Dis)Honesty: The Truth About Lies"– people from all walks of life who share solidarity in the
experience of the exposition and chastisement which frequently follows the act of lying. The interviewees also collectively understand the snowballing
effect of lies taking on a life of their own and growing exponentially in size as they must be maintained through an ever–expanding mountain of
mistruths. All those who were interviewed started with good intentions and seemingly justifiable excuses for their dishonesty, and yet have all had to
face the consequences that come with lying. The act of lying along with the question of its morality was viewed to be paramount in the study of

Essay on Monkey See, Monkey Do
Violence in media today is almost as common as a teenage girl knowing the name of the actor Channing Tatum. In America, we practically grow up
on movies that display countless acts of violence against one another. This is a major way in which human society as a whole has changed from
growing up in an environment with a lot of real life violence sporadically around the world, to having some sort of physical conflict involved in
every movie or TV show. In the past there have been several cases where people have seen a violent action through a media source and then tried
carrying out an action similar to the one seen, except in real life. This is proof to an existence of the presence of violence having an impact on certain
viewers. Violence ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although they viewed the video multiple times, there must have been some sort of mental sickness for the two teenagers to commit an act like
this. It will never be proven that the movie was truly responsible but you have to wonder, if the movie weren't made, would Bill Savage be dead
right now? To make Bok's case, she cites the legal action that was taken in this case: if you refer the film to a product and something goes wrong
with the product then the makers are held responsible. This ruling is huge in the verdict for having unrestricted amounts of violence in a production
and should make them think twice about the content which they are displaying. On the flip side to this there is another view in which a certain
level of violence is actually beneficial to the viewer. Author Gerard Jones in his article titled "Violent media is good for kids" exhibits this
perspective of violence at a certain level actually teaching kids to be strong and unafraid. This view comes from a personal experience where the
author was able to overcome things that held him back as a child such as being afraid, unsocial, and unconfident in himself. I see where someone could
find that kind of urge to be self–confident after watching a movie such as The Incredible Hulk, but if that same movie leads a teenager to commit a
crime, then it is not worth it. A kid can find some other way to conquer his fears such as finding friends or going to his or her parents for help on how

The Battle Of The Confederate Flags
The Confederate flags those hung in the campus of Harvard University on March, 1991 triggered many controversial disputes among the faculty of the
Harvard community. Many students argued with the hanging of those offensive flags in the window of the dormitory are the symbols of Slavery and
offer many offensive message, while others claimed that those symbols are the form of freedom of speech and it should be protected according to the
First Amendment. The Harvard faculty did not react to the incident that happened on the campus until President Bok 's speech on March 12. Derek Bok,
he was the president of Harvard University, he implied that he is not the supporter for both sides. When he stood up for the justice and solved the
disagreements that have risen up within the Harvard community, he appeared to imply carefully and rethink as a highly educated lawyer. His ideas and
suggestions for resolving the problem, unlike the other universities and colleges, they were peaceful and properly conducted. Bok comments that when
speaking about the universities who have "enacted codes to protect their communities from forms of speech that are deemed to be insensitive to the
feelings of other groups" Bok created caution that these universities actually ignored or even violated the First Amendment. This controversial incident
risen up one the campus of Harvard University, and it leaded to a protest because of some students displayed a swastika, a very offensive symbol for
minorities.

Personal Narrative: When Is Lying Okay
When Is Lying Okay
Deciding to tell my parents something I deeply regretted was a very challenging decision since I knew there would be harsh consequences.It all started
on a scorching Tuesday, it was mid–afternoon, and I needed to get ready quick for my practice that started in 30 minutes and I decided to go through
the back door. As I approached my house, I saw that was my door was ajar and then an ear–splitting crack sounded. In that moment, I just hoped it was
a water bottle that I forgot to pick up. Much to my dismay, I looked down very gingerly and saw my shattered pet turtle that I begged six months for on
the ground. I panicked and then did the most rational thing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sissela Bok argues that it's a person's formal duty of everyone to tell the truth, even if it has good intentions or harms you in the process by
incorporating Immanuel Kant's ideas about lying. He has an absolutist position that prohibits all lies. However, their assertions are very nonsensical
and don't fit the facts. These radical honesty philosophers underestimate the power of how lying is very beneficial. Contrary to what Bok argued
through Kant, the art of lying is able to get you out of challenging situations and protect a multitude of things. For example, a mother of Quincy, Illinois
believes that telling her son, "the truth would have been better, though more time–consuming, as discipline often is"(NBCNews.com, 5). This mother
was in a difficult situation for herself and lied to protect her son because she knows how too much T.V. is bad for a growing child. Even though, she
could have been honest with her son, it was less time–consuming to lie and she wanted to protect him. Without lying, a plethora of things would just
deteriorate. It's clear to say that lying is an indispensable tool. It would be pleasant to live in a harmonious utopia where we don't have to falsify
information, but the truth is that it's not as rudimentary as that and can't be that

Why Is It Okay To Lie
Everybody lies, and some people believe that lying is okay, but 52% of americans ,according to a new Associated Press– ipsos poll, say that lying,
overall was never justified (NBCNEWS,2006). People say lying is a necessary part of our life but in reality, lying is unnecessary. In other words,
people think it is not okay to lie.
One point it is not okay to lie is, that lying will cause many problems and one is you will lose other people'sВґ trust. According to Randy Cohen ,a ethics
columnist, every lie has a cost and one big cost is you lose other peopleВґs trust (NBCNEWS,2006). In the 1800's being called a liar can cause the
individual to lose their dignity (Sissela Bok).
Another point that lying is unnecessary is because it is slowly hurting

Sissela Bok Lying Ethical
Introduction: Sissela Bok's Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life focuses around the ethical implications around lying and examines
situations when it is appropriate or inappropriate to lie. Bok's philosophy is unique among many philosophers in that she takes an approach that
recognizes that people will lie and that there are certain situations in which lying may be warranted or acceptable depending on the situation at hand
and who is responsible for lying. I believe that this is a more realistic expectation of human society. In this paper, I will examine Bok's reasoning and
apply it to possible situations in my professional career that will require me to examine my ethical responsibility around lying. In addition to Bok's
book, I

Is Lying Ever Justified Essay
Is Lying justified or never justified? Lying is an everyday social factor and a moral duty when the time comes. Lying is sometimes justified when it is
used to protect someone from harm or to protect someone's feelings; but on the other hand, others think lying is always justified. Most think lying is
sometimes ok to protect someone from harm. In "It's the Truth:Americans Conflicted About Lying," the article states,"Not only is lying justified it's
sometimes a moral duty," (NBC News). This shows that lying is a part of every day life. In addition, it states that it is a duty. This shows that it is a
duty to protect someone from harm. Also, the article states, " For Harold smith, it was worth the risk when he lied to his daughter about his health
when undergoing treatment for a kidney treatment. 'Why get her all traumatized?' Says smith 'I ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the article, "Rejecting All Lies: Immanuel Kant," by Sissela Bok, Bok reports, "Truthfulness in statements which cannot be avoided is the formal
duty if an individual to everyone," (Bok). This statement is disagreeing with NBC News' statement when stating that lying is a moral duty. It also
states that the truth will always come first which could be argued with. Kant also states "This is an absolutist position, prohibiting all lies, even those
told for the best of purposes or to avoid the most horrible of fate," (Kant). Kant states that even if lying to protect someone is needed, to not try and lie
to protect someone. This also shows that Kant disagrees with all lies even if it protects someone or something from harm. Therefore, some think lying
is never justified. Lying is sometimes justified when it is used to protect someone from harm or to protect someone's feelings; but on the other hand
others think lying is always justified. Lying is apart of everyday life. It's better to protect someone with a lie then letting them get hurt in the long

Fabrication Lies In Propaganda
There are many types of lies. The numerous kinds helps one to describe a specific sort with only a few words. This paper will examine more closely
one of these types, a fabrication. More precisely fabrication lies and their presence in propaganda, such as in a pamphlet produced by "The Flying
Squadrons of Speakers".
Fabrication lies are most clearly defined as lies that could be true, but the one who states them is not basing them on any real direct knowledge, they
may also be a falsification of the truth in a plausible way (1). What makes fabrication lies so interesting then, is that if the fabrication is in actuality an
accurate statement then the one who stated the fabrication is not in fact lying despite their intent to mislead. The definition ... Show more content on
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The Flying Squadron of Speakers (FSS) was an organization of citizens formed after the First World War to promote "The American way" through
oratory propaganda. In this paper a pamphlet produced by the FSS to attract new members will be analyzed. The most titillating aspect of this
pamphlet is that it is essentially a propaganda piece promoting the need for more propaganda. Its xenophobic pages concentrate on reminding its
readers that the immigrant must learn how to be an American, and that propaganda is the best way to do so.
The pamphlets most repeated fabrication is that all foreigners that have arrived on the shores of America are completely ignorant of the way of the
American, and thus sow
Anti–Americanisms, in particular Bolshevism and Communism (3, pg. 5). There can be no doubt that some immigrants did do this, but to imply that
all did is simply inaccurate, a twisted but still plausible to those panicked enough, take on reality. This example could also be classified as an
exaggeration lie, however because no evidence is cited to support the claim on the part of the FSS, it is clear that this statement was made without any
true knowledge of the situation, allowing this statement to also fall under the category of falsification. In contradiction to this claim only 0.038 percent
of the population was a member of the Socialist Party of America in 1919 when this pamphlet was published (4), (5). One could hardly claim that this
was an impending revolution as the FSS does. This suggests that the claims being made in this pamphlet are uneducated, without any tangible base in
the reality of the

Conflicted About Lying
Imagine coming home after a day with your friends at the mall. When your parents ask you where you where, you tell them that you were working
on a school project with your friends. What did you do when you told them you were working on a project? You were lying. Lying is something
everyone has done in their life. So what exactly is lying? The definition of lying is an intentionally false statement. Even keeping silent if you know
something is a lie, just a different type of lie than saying something intentionally incorrect. Some people have different views on lying than others.
Some people think that telling any lie is fine. Others say that lies of any kind are dishonest and should not be used. Then, there are the people that
believe that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nobody wants to lose a friendship over being tired. Nobody wants to be told derogatory things about himself or herself. However, not only white
lies are acceptable, other lies are justified to like saving somebody from severe harm. They don't have to be innocent, you just need a acceptable
reason. Radicalists on the other hand believe it is never justified to lie, no matter how extreme the case in question is. They believe that lying is
mortal, and being called a liar was a terrible insult on their moral and their dignity. They also believed, and still believe, that a lie that does not
really affect anything at all is still unacceptable because it "harms mankind individuality" which is a different standpoint from what is usually
thought by the rest of the population. However since we grow up lying from being a toddler, it is impossible to change what we do. We all have
lied and will continue to lie all our life no matter how hard we try not to. There is no way to reprogram our bodies to do something we aren't supposed
to. This counters Kant's radicalist ideas that we should never lie. All in all, the claim that it is always justified to lie for any cause and any reason is
correct as we all have started lying at a young age and is an irreversible trait we mature as we get

Sissela Bok
Sissela Bok opens a controversial topic on violence as entertainment which explores the effect of the increasing of violence both in fiction and in
real life. Not only do films, television shows, and video games evidence an escalating level of graphic violence, but daily news of war and other
human brutality are as bad as well. As less time pass on doing physical activities and an increase in using electronic devices as increases, particularly
by teens, there is growing concern about a possible link between violence viewing content and actual behavior. Bok draws a balanced image, naming
some possible benefits from violence. One of the benefits could be the redirection of human physical and verbal aggression and the confrontation of
fears in

Research Paper On Gandhi
Samantha Devapiriam
Grayson
Honors World Literature
21 November 2014
Draft One ROL
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, better known as Mahatma Gandhi, was a prominent Indian leader who was influential in India's struggle to gain
independence from Great Britain. Gandhi led India to independence through non–violent methods of protesting. Gandhi's peaceful approaches were
later copied by great leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. retaught by peace experts like Sissela Bok, and followed by ordinary people like
Madeline Slade, which attested how powerful his legacy was. Mahatma Gandhi's leadership and non–violent methods in India's fight for independence
influenced many great leaders after him, proving that Gandhi's legacy lives on.
Prominent teacher ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Gandhi's grandson Arun Gandhi was moved by his grandfather's life and legacy. Arun said that his parents and Gandhi taught him about
nonviolence (Legacy Love). Gandhi's encounter with the police that threw him off a train were what started his nonviolence philosophy (Legacy
Love). This philosophy is what Arum strives to live by (Legacy Love). Gandhi's last piece of wisdom to him was "to grow so that 'your mind is
like a room with may open windows. Let the breeze flow in from all directions, but refuse to be blown away by any one'" (Legacy Love). Gandhi's
hope for Arun was that he would keep an open mind for all new concepts and ideas, but never be carried away by one single thought. Arun said that his
grandfather's stories and struggles were what inspired him and influenced his life (Legacy

Nature Of Philosophy : The Nature Of Philosophy
The Nature of Philosophy
Philosophy is a subject that chases wisdom by trying to answer the questions we have regarding our life, what we know, and what we choose to do.
One aspect of philosophy stands out too because it refers to the knowledge and what we do with the information we receive from our experience on a
day to day basis and how we process this information. The nature of philosophy surrounds the techniques we use, how we react to new knowledge,
the answers to questions we have all asked, and how we use this new knowledge to benefit ourselves or pass the wisdom to others. The nature of
philosophy is all encompassing because it helps answer the questions we constantly ask ourselves, and how we relay that knowledge as wisdom and ...
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One of Plato's key examples was the Allegory of the Cave and was a parallel between ignorance and knowledge. In this example a prisoner is exposed
to sunlight he is blinded at first but then embraces is he is then returned to his cave but when he returns and tells the other prisoners about the sunlight,
but the other prisoners did not believe him. The reason this is a parallel is that it is the way manner in which we react to new information, even learning
about philosophy we experience a sort of blinding light but then we start to accept it. It is a sort of cycle in which at first we are incredulous and
can't believe it but as soon as we are able to understand it more we can move towards expanding the point of view of those around us. They go
through the same cycle in order to understand the new knowledge. Plato even reveals this cycle, "I tell you now, that the prison is the world we see
with our eyes: the light of the fire is like the power of our sun. The climb upward out of the cave into the upper world is the ascent of the mind into the
domain of true knowledge." (Velasquez 6). In this, he also addresses the way we grow in knowledge which is one of the advantages of enduring the
process of learning. Socrates work in questioning anyone and everyone earned him the title of gadfly because he annoyed those he questioned. This
form of questioning also earned him the title of the wisest man in Athens from the Oracle of Delphi. The

Whistleblowing In Sissela Bok's Case C.
One issue of ethical business would be in regards to company loyalty. An employee that sees a fraudulent practice and then reports the wrongdoing to
the general public or an authority figure is known as a whistleblower. Sissela Bok states that "whistleblowing makes public a disagreement with an
authority or a majority view" (Bok, pg. 412). An example of whistleblowing in the real world would be in Bok's Case C. In Case C, a newly hired
assistant director of admissions has heard rumors of tampered transcripts and surrogate test takers specifically for student athletes. The assistant director
then asks the director of admissions whether these rumors are true. The director then tells the assistant "that the rumors are unfounded and is asked not
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Duska argues that whistleblowing is always justified. He claims that employees do "not have an obligation of loyalty to a company, even a prima
facie one, because companies are not the kind of things that are properly objects of loyalty" (Duska, pg. 424). Duska denies one of Bok's key
conditions to blow the whistle, loyalty. This is because Duska sees the purpose of business is to produce goods and services and to make a profit.
Duska's view of a business's purpose prevents the company, or in Case C the university, from becoming an object deserving of loyalty. This implies
that whistleblowing is allowed in any case which is not the case as one must look into whether or not whistleblowing is necessary for each specific
case. Duska also wrongly uses Aristotelian virtue theory to imply ideas of essential natures of loyalty based on company themes. However, this
reasoning cannot be assumed since a breach of loyalty must be a consideration and cannot be implied to every

Interview And Staff Of The Alligator
Imagine a morning much like any other; you make your breakfast, sit at the table, open your paper, but suddenly you are greeted with picture of a
dead unborn baby outside of a college campus dumpster. Should one find it trashy and in poor taste, or should one understand the gravity of the
situation at hand and appreciate what the paper is trying to explain. How does one go about justifying such an appalling photo in a campus newspaper?
In this case, editor and staff of The Alligator debated intensely and decided to run the image alongside an unfortunate story on the inside of the paper.
The information provided on the case can be compared to the theories of ten different ethicists to create an informed opinion about whether or not the...
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Neither of these options are preferable, so he considers options that are not as drastic. Furthermore, Aristotle uses virtue ethics, which calls into
question the morals of the actor and the nature of the act itself. The editor wants to use the image as a tool for telling the story without intent for adding
shock or disrupting the public. This is not a problematic motivation at the core, so the most in–between option is running the picture inside with a short
blurb on the front page about it. Inside coverage of the story means the editor can tell their story to the fullest without forcing the delicate topic at the
reader.
Immanuel Kant's big focus is on treating others as one would treat themselves and specifically not treating others as a means to an end. Moreover,
Kant does not believe any ends can justify any means. In this case, the end goal is too better inform the audience of the situation and what can be
learned from it, and the means involve exposing a disturbing or even distasteful image to the public. Kant would not approve of the use of the
offensive image.
In contrast, John Stuart Mill finds that a desirable end is the most valuable point when weighing decisions. Mill would find value in using the article
as a tool for educating the audience, and would not find the use of the image as an ethical dilemma for this reason. While some of the readership
would be offended, Mill would see that as a lesser point to preventing similar future

Analysis Of The Book ' The Noble Lie '
The thought that Sissela Bok about the "whole truth" being attained is that it is impossible that it can be attained. She believes that people are lying
deceived everyone, and sometime is used to protect the person. She also thinks that people that are lying is more important than anything in all of the
decision that a simple lie brings. I believe she doesn't have any faith that everyone could tell the truth. The truth is something that is hard to say,
and people at times need to lie to protect their love ones. In the beginning of the chapter of "The Noble Lie" she explains how there are different
lies. She explains how the lies have different reasons to for people doing it. For some of those reasons it is impossible to be completely truth.
Some have to lie to protect others, and cover up the secrets that can be told. There are plenty reasons that there are to lie to people. She states, "The
lies are often seen as necessary merely at one stage in the education of the public." (Bok 166) This is something that everyone does growing up, and
no one in one time of their life cannot lie to anyone. The view of rejecting all lies that Sissela Bok has is endanger and is something that could affect
your soul. She explains on page 33 how religion is someone that rejects that thought of lying. It is forbidden by our super natural because it affects our
soul. St Augustine someone that believed that lies was justified. But that god never believed that they it was good,

Essay about Homosexuality: A Public Issue?
Homosexuality: A Public Issue? Richard Mohr believes that outing closeted homosexuals is morally justified. He argues that sexual orientation is not
a private matter and therefore, does not violate a homosexual's right to privacy. He believes that outing will increase the homosexual community by
creating positive role models. He argues that remaining in the closet is morally debasing and creates indignity to one's self. Claudia Card on the other
hand, argues almost the complete opposite. She takes a utilitarian stance on outing "the big secret." The big secret is referring to one being a
homosexual. She believes that outing is justified as long as it does no harm, which she believes is unlikely. Mohr's definition of outing is... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mohr says, "The dynamics of the closet do not comport with what a right is." He says that a right means a permission to act as I want. However, it
does not pertain to the closet case because the closet is coerced by economic and moral standards. There is economic coercion because if outed, one
might lose their employment statues. There is moral coercion because one has been socialized that being a homosexual is wrong. Mohr's underlying
thought is that no one chooses to be in the closet; rather they are forced to being in the closet. Mohr's next argument is against the right to secrecy.
He says that there is no right to secrecy unless there is an explicit agreement. Secrecy about the closet is rarely the result of an agreement. It is more
like an unwritten social convention held by the gay community and therefore outing is justified. Mohr argues that the irony of "the big secret" is that
its intention is to protect the homosexuals yet it is a "complete capitulation to the general social belief that the only good gay is a nonexistent one,"
which leads to Mohr's theory on the theft of dignity. Mohr's last justification for outing is that being in the closet steals one's dignity. He says, "The
closet case tries to assure his happiness by maintaining his closet [but] what the closet case does in maintaining his closet is to barter away his
self–respect, his worthiness for respect, his dignity, his happiness, regard, and

College Student Censorship Research
In the United States we pride ourselves on being a free country and having our rights and privileges but are our universities slowly taking away our
rights as citizens to have freedom of speech? Speech is an important way of expressing ourselves and our opinions through verbal communication. Now
in our bill of rights speech is defined as many different forms of communication such as music, poetry, television, and even clothing. College student are
usually some of the strongest users of freedom of speech. During college many students sometimes take part in protest and very often are required to
write some form of writing exercise that could be controversial. Without freedom of speech these protest and articles could be deemed illegal and in
some countries it is illegal. Countries such as north Korea are not able to speak freely and the majority of countries have heavy censorship placed on
what they can and cannot say. So why are university ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Society as a whole is a different ballpark than a university that is molding the minds of our country .If it were a business or a company of some sort
than this is all based on the companies views and that specific company doesn't have as big of an influence on lives as let's say Harvard university.
Society is becoming more and more sensitive towards what is said a done in the public eye. The reason for this is because with our massive array
of technology we can easily see something multiple times in a day .this might not sound relevant but think about it Nearly everyone in America
knows about chik fil a and how in the past they did not support the lgbt community. Now chik fil a is a private company and if they choose to cripple
their business by denying certain sexualities that is on them because their influence comes from their food. On the other hand colleges use a different
type of food which is known as brain food or

Rejecting All Lies: Immanuel Kant By Sissela Bok
In the article,"Rejecting All Lies: Immanuel Kant by Sissela Bok argues that it's a person formal duty to tell the truth, even if it harms you, by
incorporating Immanuel Kant's ideas about lying. On the first hand, the idea of always telling the truth and rejecting all lies is highlighted when
Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher who lived in the 18th century, expresses his view that individual people need to "remove any effort to
distinguish among lies"(P.3), saying that nolie is more dignified than the other, even if their told with malicious intentions or their little white lie
because all lies are deceptive, wrong, and you must reject them all.In addition, it is further claimed that all lies are unacceptable and that, "A lie, even
if it

Youth Violence Essay
Youth Violence
Youth violence is an escalating problem in American society today. There are many different factors that can be blamed for this problem. During the
last decade of the twentieth century people began searching for answers to this dilemma which is haunting America. Many tragic school shootings
have taken place within the last decade that have gained the attention of the public. As of now, no one can give the right answer to the problem or the
reason that it happens because there is no right answer yet and nobody can be sure that they know the cause. All we have to go by are the opinions of
different people. The most popular cause of the problem of youth violence is the media. In "The Erosion of Empathy," Sissela ... Show more content on
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Suicide and murder rates among white teenagers resemble those of white adults, and suicide and murder rates of black teens track those of black
adults. (Males 258)
3
This statement brings up another opinion, the opinion that children's behavior stems from their parents' or elders' behaviors. A young male, who is
brought up in a violent household, is more likely to be violent outside of the home. This idea brings us back to the saying monkey see, monkey do;
what children see is what they will do. Among our many solutions to youth violence is the idea that too many guns are not the problem, but too few
guns is the problem. "The Colorado Legislature is currently debating a bill to further enhance the state's conceal–carry statute. Those backing the
measure say that a teacher or administrator with a concealed gun could have stopped, or greatly minimized, the Littleton tragedy." (Lee 255) Lee says,
"Blaming guns for such incidents...is ludicrous." His solution to our rising problem of youth violence is not censoring the media, but is bringing more
guns in the mainstream. This does not mean children walking around school armed. It means putting more guns into the right hands. At first glance this
proposals sounds pretty good. When one puts some thought into it, it somewhat changes their perspective on the issue. Does this solution seem ethical;
giving guns

Ethical Ethics And Ethical Behavior Essay
Ethical conduct is a representation of leader's self–expression of who they really are, and with past multi–billion dollar companies reported committing
unethical and unmoral acts of behavior, it is imperative that leaders fully comprehend the ramifications related to their unethical behavior. Furthermore,
an ethical virtue demonstrated by a leader paves the foundation for their followers to behave with the same ethical behavior established within the
organization thus establishing a followers' commitment to their constitution. Additionally, the rise in corporate ethical scandals today representing the
unethical behavior and, raising awareness relevant to the probe into their illegal and unethical acts of behavior. The fact that leaders represent the key
ingredient within an organization expected to exhibit the utmost ethical behavior has become the cutting edge of issues involving acts of unethical
conduct. . Leadership in organizations obtain ethical responsibilities to both the establishment and their followers, their responsibilities revolve around
human values and complying with ethical conduct and codes of ethical behavior. And, the knowledge that corporate scandals including those of Enron,
Worldcom, and others have brought up the public and media's attention to the huge number of unethical conduct occurring within organizations today
(Gamble, & Gamble, 2013). Furthermore, human value defined as a leaders understanding regarding the manner in which

Immanuel Kant And Brad Blanton: Honestly, Tell The Truth
Honesty; a responsibility crowned upon each person. In any circumstances, lying is never necessary nor acceptable. There are many pieces of
evidence to support this claim in the articles "Rejecting All Lies: Immanuel Kant" by Sissela Bok and "Brad Blanton: Honestly, Tell the Truth" by
Barbara Ballinger. Unlike honesty, lying harms one's worth and mental state. Lies. One could go as far as to damaging their own well–being just to
hide one of the most simplest things like the truth. As Immanuel Kant said best in Sissela Bok's article "Rejecting All Lies: Immanuel Kant," "Even
worse, it harms the liar himself, by destroying his human dignity and making him more worthless even than a small thing," (p.3). Obvious enough,
lying damages the liar himself, by destroying his human dignity and making him more worthless even than a small thing," (p.3). Obvious enough, lying
damages the liar's worth as well as their reputation. As an effect of this, it completely changes the way others see this person due to whether not they're
trustworthy and responsible. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Because it keeps you locked in the jail of your own mind," said Brad Blanton in Barbara Ballinger's article, "Brad Blanton: Honestly, Tell the Truth,"
(p.7). In the situation of a lie being told, the truth can come out two different ways. The truth could be revealed after the guilt builds up or the person
in the situation comes clean and doesn't lie in the first place. In the end, telling the truth frees one's mental state. Although, some people may argue
that it's okay to lie if it means sparing a friend's feelings. In reality, it's never acceptable to lie even when protecting someone's feelings because when
this person finds out the truth, she/he might not be able to forgive the liar of their lack of

The Influence of Exposure to Violence
Periodically committed, violent acts from individuals whom are motivated by influence lead us to question western culture's addiction to violent
coverage and its enablers. Exposure to violence is not only limited to real–life experience, exposure can be extended through media outlets, enablers,
who may increase the harmful effects of exposure to such violent acts. The media exploits society's increasing dependence on technology to further
supply western culture's lust for violence. Violence in the media and its debated influence is an important topic because of its ability to manifest into
negative, tangible consequences. Among the harmful effects of violent media is aggression. Sissela Bok articulates in her essay called, Aggression:
The Impact of Media Violence, that appetite for violence arises from growing desensitization in individuals, particularly impressionable children and
adolescents. Critics discredit theories such as Bok's claiming that no evidence linking media violence to real life acts exist. Regardless, Bok believes
it is a correlation that we should be highly sensitive of. Others like Bok have provoked thought over the negative effects of the media's relentless
coverage of violence. In a film written by Quentin Tarantino titled Natural Born Killers, Tarantino portrays the role of the media, which in turn delivers
the very effects of violent exposure that Bok is critical of. Though ironic, Tarantino's Natural Born Killer aims to elicit thought, as to serve

Sissela Bok Lying Moral Choice In Public And Private Life...
Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life
Sissela Bok's book, Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life examines many aspects of moral and ethical influence, and the effects of lying,
on individuals and corporations in various walks of life. Each chapter discusses a specific form that lying can take and describes how it intertwines
with daily life. Bok's arguments are grounded, in comprehensive research, tempered with a philosophical treatment, and rendered through the lens of
critical thought. To ensure that readers are able to relate to the material, Bok employs social norming to make each chapter easier to grasp. To do this,
each chapter is prefaced with two or three quotes, from a wide variety of sources that provides insight ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bok discusses Paternalism and how it attempts to lead people in order to protect them and their interest. She notes that it is most commonly associated
with parents and families and that it is often carried out through violence and deception. She continues by providing support for this theory which
begins with the need to regulate and change behavior to force people to avoid dangerous activities and that it can take many forms, including, force,
lies, manipulation, and the desire to be honest. She wraps up by discussing whether this type of lying is

Confidentiality In Health Care
A horrifying accident occurred in Baltimore one summer where a nine–month pregnant woman was fired by an arrow that caused her and both her
baby to die. However, the woman's health record was the greater issue, she was HIV positive and multiple hospital and ambulance staff had contact
with the patients' blood which caused a lot of controversy and led state legislators to introduce a bill to add AIDS to the list of diseases that hospitals
would be required to inform workers about. However, a staff member from the hospital had made her opinion public on media that doing this will only
be violating the patient's confidentiality rights and that precautions should be taken that hospital staff should always be careful when handling patients
whether or not they know anything about the patient's history. Meaning being prepared to handle patients such as wearing... Show more content on
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Mostly from out of respect one shouldn't share another person information but more importantly it is the rule of medical confidentiality which included
physicians, nurses, and health care workers from revealing to third parties information about a patient obtained in the course of medical treatment. The
rule protecting a patient's secrets is firmly entrenched in medical practice, in medical education, and receives explicit mention in all major medical
oaths and codes of medical ethics. This is something that shouldn't be messed with regardless who the patient is or what their status is. A patient's
confidentiality should always be aligned with what Sissela Bok argued for that the ethical justification for confidentiality rests on four arguments. With
them being the individual's right, flowing from autonomy, to control personal information and to protect privacy. The second and third arguments for
confidentiality would be the special moral relationship which

Essay on Media Violence and its Effect on Children
media violence and its effects on children
Introduction
Communications technology is expanding through the entire global community (Dyson 2). Children everywhere are being born into a world of images
and messages, which are largely separated from their home, school and spiritual lives (Dyson 2). In society today storytellers are seldom parents,
grandparents, teachers or the clergy; instead they are the handful of distant forces with something to sell (Dyson 2). What is unique about the media
industry is that in global and corporate domination they have become part of our culture as well as our identity (Dyson 3). Social scientists and child
advocates have been exploring the effects of media for decades, yet it is only recently that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
No people before or after were so centred around displays of mortal combat as did the Romans (Bok 15). The only difference between today's society
and that of the one during the last two centuries B.C., other than the degree of violence, is the openness of debates (Bok 20). Our institutions allow for
open discussion and debate that the Romans were unable to have (Bok 20). People during all periods of time have derived some sort of sensual,
aesthetic and even at time erotic thrills from viewing violent act (Bok 28). It would be unfair to conclude that in today's society such spectators and
consumers of media are guided by no other motive (Bok 28). Extreme Acts in Recent History Though there has always been crime and violence never
has there been such extreme acts, as the few which have been committed in the recent years. One very well known instance was the brutal death of
James Bulger a British toddler. The movie Child's Play 3 was under debate when two ten–year old boys tormented and murdered the child (Bok 38).
The Film was then criticized when Suzanne Capper was kidnapped, tortured and set on fire as the group of young acquaintances chanted: "I'm Chucky.
Wanna play?" (Bok 38). Another even more recent and closer incident was the Columbine massacre. There is a striking similarity between the US
incident and the actions which were occurring

Watching Torture In Prime Time By Anne-Marie Cusac
Media Violence
Currently observed increase in the number of crimes related to violence, especially among children and adolescents, makes us think what is the
main causes of violence in society that leading us to it? We live in the world of fear, when each of us waiting for a moment when random guy from
the streets will kidnap us then torture and kill. And mostly this "random guy" is Latinos, black or Muslim. This stereotypes were created in our mind
because of media that controlled by government, however it not only creates stereotypes, but also it makes us act violent against each other. Nowadays
the media portrays drugs, sex, guns, even though they know that most of their viewers are kids, so media builds the base of violence in children's minds.
The article "Watching Torture in Prime Time" by Anne
–Marie Cusac, an investigative reporter and assistant professor, shows how media and politics
are closely related. Cusac trying to convey us that government and media uses violence (torturing) on TV shows in order to manipulate the viewers and
justify real life torture. She argues against torturing and violence in the world of entertainment. Same ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though torturing and violence common things in our society, we meet them almost every day of our life, but we are not fighting against it every
day, do we? Cusac says: "We are already a society that tortures–evidently we became that long ago. What is left to us now as a public is a decision we
can make or avoid. We can deal with torture or ignore it.Television does not determine the outcome of that decision; we do." We can live with our
own lives and have own problems, but we can't ignore violence (torturing) in the media that happens in real life, because next day it can deal with us.
She want us to not be apathetic to violence (torturing),that makes people aggressive and Sissela Bok talks about it in her

Dichotomy Of Happiness Essay
I.Introduction:
a.Main Topic: The dichotomy of happiness; two different feelings and their impacts; How to achieve happiness each type of happiness.
b.Intro Paragraph: Happiness can be best described as the end goal of life. If a person is living a life void of happiness, they are often times seen as
worse off, and most likely are. One who lives their life in search of amassing happiness may be doing it for their own happiness, or for the betterment
of someone else; either way someone is living in order to achieve happiness. Even from a young age people act in ways that allot them happiness, such
as a young child eating their favorite type of snack or candy, a person taking up a hobby, or someone who consistently adds to a retirement... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
c.The second type is long lasting, involves content for one's life. Maslow's hierarchy of needs introduces the belief that in order to achieve happiness
underlying precautions must be met. This furthers the idea that a higher and more important happiness exists than the first type. Annas also seems to
understand the dichotomy and references the idea of a higher happiness.
III.Second Argument: Happiness can be achieved. Each type of happiness requires different actions in order to be achieved. Both types can exist at the
same time, and some actions may cause both types to occur, but a fundamental difference remains. (They are not different types because of how they
are achieved, but rather the feeling(s) they offer. Since they are different they often times require different actions)
a.The first type of happiness can be achieved through simple actions "being happy is easily taken to be feeling happy...a kind of smiley–face feeling."
Annas pg. 45
b.The second type requires more moral work. "If happiness, then, is activity expressing virtue, it is reasonable for it to express the supreme virtue,
which will be the virtue of the best thing...Hence complete happiness will be its activity expressing its proper virtue; and we have said that this
activity is the activity of study." Aristotle N.E. Book 10 pg 339.
IV.Third Argument: Once

Privacy In Health Care
The privilege of posting content on line has it's responsibilities regardless of whom is the Author. It is the responsibility of the poster to protect the
privacy of those involved in the material contained in the content. There are many opportunities to break confidentiality or misuse information in the
healthcare sector. Currently there is controversial privacy/misuse involving healthcare workers as it relates to social media. Often, these cases are
completely innocent yet innocence does not excuse the responsibility of the non–public individual to seek and uphold a higher ground pertaining to the
private life of an individual. (Ekrem) Healthcare workers of all forms are legally responsible for maintaining patient privacy under the federally

Lying : Moral Choice And Private Life
When Sissela Bok first began her study of falsehood and truthfulness, she discovered a plethora of historical works devoted to the ethics of lying,
whereas her contemporaries rarely even broached the subject. This distinct silence led her on a personal exploration into the world of deception,
which resulted in her 1978 book, Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life. Since the publication, lying has again become a popular topic of
conversation, from the Monica Lewinsky scandal in 1998 to the IRS targeting controversy in 2013. Yet her goal in writing the book remains the
same. She does not seek to prescribe the ultimate and final conclusion on lying. Instead, Bok attempts to bridge the divide between the moral
philosopher and the common man, who is daily confronted with the need to make moral choices. She fulfills this task, but in the process, rejects the
need for a general ruling principle, which endangers the individuals and societies she hopes to support. Bok does not espouse any extreme view on
lying, however, she does seek to illuminate the consequences associated with lying, in hopes of decreasing its frequency in discourse within the public
and private realms. On the outset of her book, Bok presents the definition of a lie. After reviewing a variety of definitions, she rejects some for being
too broad, i.e., encompassing facial expressions and body language, and other definitions for being too narrow, i.e., excluding white lies and the such.
Ultimately, she

Trust in Business Is a Means for Greater Business Efficiency
All businesses strive to be effective and efficient. Whilst the hallmark of a capitalist economy is self–interest and competition, cooperation is also
necessary in order to further efficiency and productivity. For a business to be successful, the people within need to develop relationships amongst each
other as well as outside the organization in order to be able to work with one another. These relationships are a function of trust. Trust is the reliance on
the integrity, ability, or character of a person or thing. Therefore building trust is a vital step towards maintaining and promotingbusiness efficiency.
However, in terms of business ethics, the sole purpose of the use of trust is to promote business efficiency.
Customers and the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While loyalty is not easily quantifiable, and thus does not show up in a corporate ledger, it will affect the company's overall performance." Because
trust is a vital part of loyalty, it follows that creating trust amongst employees by treating them respectfully is likely to result in improved company
performance and efficiency. This once again provides a quantifiable measure for trust in a capitalist economy.
Trust is also dependent upon not lying. Companies that lie about their product are in essence diminishing the trust established among their
customers and the community. This can be anything from providing misleading information about their products in advertisements or stating
obvious falsehoods . For example, an obvious falsehood would be a deodorant company that claims that the user of the product is likely to attract
women as a result of the product itself. Lying is always wrong because it undermines the trust that makes telling the truth useful. If no one could be
'trusted', and everyone lied about what they did, the business world would fall apart quickly as a business could not be assured of any one else's
services. A business would not be able to do something as simple as take a loan out of a bank to afford its various activities. This is because banks
would not trusting a business to repay the loan as in a capitalist economy paying back a loan would not be in a business' self interest. Thus in such an
environment, all of business comes to a

Mgt 585 Sqm Implementation Essay
Page 23
TRANSFORMATION FROM WITHIN: THE CDBG CASE
Scott Johnson, Northeastern State University
David Kern, Northeastern State University
Katie Haight, Northeastern State University
Ryan Haight, Northeastern State University
CASE DESCRIPTION
This case is designed for the study of leadership and organizational change within a unit of a larger organization. As such it provides an important
learning experience for students who are already managers or who aspire to that level of responsibility. The primary learning opportunities address
building a vision at the unit level, restructuring for success, overcoming resistance to change internally and across other units of a larger corporation,
building support with powerful sponsors, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The case chronicles the new leadership team's approach to transforming the basic functions of the group, while concurrently managing the old
processes until the new ones are operable. The challenge is complicated by substantial resistance to change by executives in powerful operating
divisions affected by the compliance responsibilities of the CDBG. Communication and collaboration across organizational silos and the role of
powerful sponsors are key elements of the transformation. The case ends with a summary of "early wins" for the unit, and a list of challenges its
leaders will face over the next few years.
Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies, Volume 18, Number 7, 2012
Page 24
INTRODUCTION
Steve Bradshaw, Senior EVP ofBOK Financial Corporation, was concerned about the performance of the CRA Department, which had recently been
assigned to him. The department was named after the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), a federal regulation that encouraged banks to promote
development in low–to–moderate income (LMI) communities through lending and investment programs. The bank had received "satisfactory" ratings
over the past few years in CRA performance evaluations; however, government regulators were increasingly critical about antiquated processes, the

lack of required policies and procedures, and the absence of initiative in addressing needed improvements. Failure to receive

Truth : The Search For Truth Essay
The search for "truth" has long been a topic of thought provoking, philosophical deliberations, reasoning and understanding. The journey to define truth,
undoubtedly, has been an interesting one for scholars and philosophers. My first attempt at responding to this week's question, regarding what level of
truth is necessary in advertising, took me by surprise. Initially, I anticipated that this would be a simple question to answer, as my view of truth (using
the Virtue Ethic lens) focuses on the objectives of advertisers; is there intent to withhold information or to commit deceptive practices against
consumers? If not, then what is presented should be "truthful". What I have realized, after reviewing this week's assigned readings, "truth" remains
controversial and difficult to define, especially as it relates to matters, such as advertising, which are constructed on subjective persuasions.
If "truth" exists in advertising, what level of truth should we expect from advertisers? According to Ethicist Sissela Bok, telling the "entire truth about
anything is an unreasonable expectation." Bok contends that it is often difficult to fully understand or comprehend the facts, especially without
revelation of supporting background information (Gordon, 2011). I agree with her assessment. Imagine if consumers were given every intricate details
of a product, such as backgrounds to scientific researches, not only would this information overwhelm us, without the educational

Lying By Sissela Bok Summary
Book Review
There comes a time when a doctor, minister or politicians and an individual will tell a lie. It could be a white lie or big lie; most people almost
generally resort to lying in certain situation. Often times a lawyer will lie in order to protect his client, or vice versa, a client will tell a lie in order to
avoid being incarnated. There are many situations an individual will be placed in, and at some point in a person's life they will need to tell a lie. Is
it appropriate to lie? This is what Sissela Bok writes about in Lying: Moral choice in Public and Private Life. Bok acknowledges that despite numerous
religious and moral statements against lying, people will still lie in certain situations. She will discuss and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bok analyzes the effects that lying has upon the society and individuals. In chapter XI, which deals most directly with lawyers, she sited the code
of professional responsibility in support of this statement, "in the adversary system of justice," truth is held to be more likely to emerges as a
result of the contest between opposing forces is the accused is both defended and prosecuted "zealously with the bounds of the law." In other
words, Bok shows the social practice of truth telling to have great value both generally and personally when dealing with clients, when you are a
lawyer. Throughout Sissela Bok writing, she continues to focus more emphasis on justification. According to Bok, justification is the means by
which a liar's distorted perspective can be revealed. (Bok, 1999, p. 75) Bok suggests that "reasonable person" in general be considered the audience
in ethical matters. (Bok, 1999, p. 91) She mention early in her writing that justification requires one to exercise the golden rule, sharing the
perspective of those lied to as well as the one benefiting from the lie. The last eight chapters she discuss justification in great detail and clarification.
In other words, often times in most situations a lie will backfire and cause harm to an individual as well as the person who is telling the lie. She give
example of kinds of lies that are justified, such as lies in wartime and other crises, lies protecting

PHI208 WK3 Reading Quiz Essay
A lie, according to Kant, is:
CORRECT– All of the above
What is the explanation of the standard view on whistleblowing presented by Sissela Bok and reported by Robert Larmer in his article?
CORRECT– The whistleblower is seen as violating the oaths of loyalty and confidentiality with the firm
Which one of these is not a principle that can be drawn from the Categorical Imperative?
CORRECT– Act so that the maxim of your action ensures the satisfaction of your desires
It is unfair to criticize the profit–making purpose of business because:
Harm may be understood as:
CORRECT– financial, physical, and emotional harm.
What is the Kantian (deontological) criticism that Lop raises against DeGeorge's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CORRECT– By treating persons in the community as ends in themselves, then companies will strive to provide quality products as well as to remedy
any negative effects imposed on the local community by instances of externalities, moral hazard, or abuse of monopoly power.
A perfect duty:
CORRECT– all of the above
Milton Friedman argues that persons may choose to undertake social responsibilities to their communities, churches, or nations, and devote their own
incomes to causes that they deem morally worthy. But, he adds, if corporate executives attempt to take such social responsibilities or to direct the
corporation's profits to such personal causes, without approval from the shareholders, then:
CORRECT– Both B and C

Kant claims that a good will is:
CORRECT– Both B and C
According to Kant, persons:
CORRECT– are both A and B
How are employees negatively affected?
Milton Friedman's main point is not to argue against socially responsible goals but:
CORRECT– against government–imposed social goals
A lie, according to Kant, is:
How does Milton Friedman present the common understanding of socially responsible acts on the part of business?
How can we best understand Milton Friedman's objection that only persons, not businesses (i.e., corporations), have responsibilities?
Kant

Whistleblowing
Over the last forty years this country has seen an increase in corruption and greed both within the corporate world as well as within our own
government. Since that time Whistleblowing, or the deliberate non–obligatory act of disclosure, which gets onto public record and is made by a person
who has or had privileged access to data or information of an organization, about non–trivial illegality or other wrongdoing whether actual, suspected or
anticipated which implicates and is under control of that organization, to an external entity having potential to rectify the wrongdoing.1 Both federal
and state statutes and regulations have been created to protect these individuals from various forms of retaliation. Even without a statute,... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
One might follow the traditional route and assume that the laws are just or at least not blatantly unjust. The debate on morality whistleblowing
centers on the conflict between the duty of loyalty to the firm or organization in which one works and the liberty to speak out against wrongdoing.
This is the moral dilemma of whistleblowing. This dilemma comes about because we tend to believe that employees of an organization that we
have both legal and moral obligation to be loyal to our employers while at the same time believe that we should be free to do our part in stopping
immoral or dangerous practices. In considering both Rawls and De Georges views, I would tend to side with that of Rawls. According to Sissela Bok
the ''would be whistleblower must weigh his responsibility to serve the public interest against the responsibility he owes to his colleagues and the
institutions in which he works''.3 This involves two different types of loyalty. The first being concerns regarding personal relationships and
responsibilities towards one's co–workers. This type of loyalty is the one in which may owe to our friends and family. The next type is our concerns
for our responsibilities to the organization where we work. It is this duty of loyalty that creates the moral dilemma of whistleblowing. It is this second
type of loyalty that I will be concerned with in this paper. This focus is not meant to imply that other issues of loyalty should not be considered when

Why Is Lying Acceptable
Is Lying Acceptable? Is honesty always the best policy? There is a great split between people when it comes to the topic of lying. Some say lying is
utterly wrong, no matter what; however, other individuals say lying is justified. There are many beliefs about the justification of lying, including the
belief that the position of the liar determines if lying is okay. Lying can be allowable because sometimes there is a need to protect others. Lying is not
completely wrong, especially when it comes to the sentiments of others. For example, it is, "OK to lie in certain situations, like protecting someone's
feelings"(Life on NBCNEWS.com, July 11, 2006). As things go, there are instances in which telling the truth would distress others, while a lie could
save another person from grief. Furthermore, telling someone a lie to help someone emotionally is morally right. Thus, telling a lie can be the correct
thing to do when trying to protect someone from mental, emotional, and physical harm. It is possible, that one may find ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In Sissela Bok's article about Immanuel Kant, she states, "Truthfulness in statements which cannot be avoided is the formal duty of an individual to
everyone, however great may be the disadvantage"(Rejecting All Lies: Immanuel Kant, Bok). This is disproved because, "Anne Frank survived as
long as she did because those sheltering her lied to the Nazis. The French Resistance...could not have operated without deception. Military and
intelligence officials will as a matter of routine lie to protect secret plans or agents at risk"(Gray et.al, 1992). This shows that lying protected real life
individuals in real life danger. A lie changed the entire outcome if many of the affairs. For the most part, many believe the truth to be more important
than anything else, but a lie can be the difference between life and

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