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Unit 5. 16th century
- 1. What do wecurrently know about the Modern Age?
- 2. Who are theseguys?
- 3. THE BEGINNING OF MODERNAGE 1453 End of hundred years war Fall of Constantinople 1492 End of Reconquista Discovery of America 1516 Luther against the Catholic Church 1519 Death of Leonardo Hernan Cortés conquests México
- 4. 16th Century: Changingtimes. • ECONOMY: Growth and change. Towards capitalism and mundialization. • SOCIETY: The rise of a new bourgeosie. • POLITICS: The rise of the monarchies and the modern state. • CULTURE: New horizons (discoveries), new styles (Renaissance), new religions (Luther)
- 5. ECONOMY: GROWTH AND EXPANSION CAUSESOF GROWTH CAUSES EVIDENCES
- 6. ECONOMY 16th CENTURY: GROWTHAND EXPANSION CAUSES OF GROWTH CAUSES EVIDENCES
- 7. ECONOMY: GROWTH AND EXPANSION CAUSESOF GROWTH Production + Trade + Social stability MONEY INCOME Population + Death rate lower Healthier people Less diseases T Richer cities And merchant T Less toubles Less wars.. F / T America Far east T More noble Metals (silver) T CAUSES EVIDENCES
- 8. ECONOMY: GROWTH AND EXPANSION WHATHAPPENS IF… More gold and silver are avaliable. Inflation (higher price) (people cant buy So many things) More demand (people want to buy more goods) More income For kings + production (traders will offer more goods and jobs) - Production(traders will produce less, + unemployement) More armies conquest.. CHAIN OF CONSEQUENCES Social unrest (possible) The gap between rich And poor is wider Migrations.
- 9. INFLATION AND MONEY OneDress for 2 ducades Price: 2 ducades
- 10. INFLATION AND MONEY Twodresses for 4 ducades More money in the market motivates production
- 11. INFLATION AND MONEY 3dresses for 9 ducades Too much money in the market creates inflation Price: 3 ducades
- 12. Economy growth The agricultureimprovement More lands To cultivate New Techniques (irrigation, Channels…) More production Demographic growth Greater demand
- 13. The growth ofeconomy More currency (silver and gold From America) Financial improvements (bankers lend money, loans) New markets And trade routes Greater demand More production ECONOMIC GROWTH The discovery of rich mines of silver in Central Europe and South America brought more money to spend in the economy.
- 14. RISE OF NOBLEMETALS • New silver mines are discovered at this time (central Europe, America). As a consequence a bigger amount of money is avalaible in the market. This motivates more production and a stimulus for the economy. But in the long run, too much money generates a rise in the prices (inflation) and a crisis (people can’t buy so many goods as before).
- 15. • WHAT CANIT MEAN IF WE FIND SPANISH SILVER COINS, MADE IN MEXICO, IN THE TOMBS OF THE CHINESE EMPERORS?
- 17. SOCIETY A slow and continuoschange XII CENTURY XVIII CENTURY What was the Name for this society?
- 18. SOCIETY IN 16th CENTURY THE BOURGUEOISIE Morewealthy And powerful. Bankers and Big merchants Will lend money To kings.
- 19. THE NOBILITY They willlose all their political power, and will start to work for the kings. In exchange, kings will increase their wealth and prestige.
- 20. THE CHURCH Being apriviledged estate in the Middle Age, their conditions will change dramatically after Reformation in some countries.
- 21. THE PEASANTS Feudal obligations dissapearin Western Europe (they are not Serves any longer). Their life conditions will remain hard and unpleasant.
- 22. The transformation ofthe monarchies VS.
- 23. FEUDAL MONARCHY Middle Age KingsControl only their own fiefs. Nobles and Parliaments challenge his power Irregular income: Scarce resources. AUTHORITARIAN MONARCHY 16th century Real control over the Whole country Nobles became officials and generals. Parliaments lose power. More income: regular resources VS
- 24. ELEMENTS OF THE MODERNMONARCHY The army. More income allows the kings To keep a state army, not longer Depending on the private armies Of the nobles. The weapons are now more Expensive, and the armies, bigger.
- 25. BUREAUCRACY The state hasnow More people working For them (justice, taxes, administration
- 26. HIGHER TAXATION Kings hadnow a Regular income From new taxes (trade, for instance) Cervantes was a tax collector He standed accused of corruption, And condemned to jail. 20% of the money coming From America, was for the king
- 27. DIPLOMACY Increased in The 16thcentury. Ambassadors became known representing the king’s interests
- 28. CAPITALS The kings Started to livein a single place, and Became the Main centre of The country.
- 29.
- 30. MAQUIAVELO “A prince should Notcare about Being cruel if he keeps His subjects united And loyal”
- 31. The Catholic Monarchs UNIONGIVES POWER AND STRENGTH
- 32. The expansion inthe Iberian Peninsula
- 33. The expansion inEurope
- 34.
- 35. The religious persecution Inquistion(1478) Persecuted Heretics, False Christians (Jews and Muslims) And was under Control of the Monarchy,
- 36. Inquisition: the persecution Theinquisition Avoided the Spread of Protestantism, But in exchange, Spain became a Very intolerant Country.
- 37. The defeat ofnobility
- 38. The internal order Jail Andheadquaters of Santa Hermandad (Toledo)
- 39. CONTADURIA COURTS OF JUSTICE CORREGIDORES The statehas now More people working For them (justice, taxes, administration
- 40. The world inthe 15th century Tolomeo’s Geography
- 41. The age ofDiscovery
- 42.
- 43. NEW TRADE ROUTES FAllof Constantinople and Alexandria forced the Europeans to find new Trade routes for Far East.
- 44. The age ofDiscoveryTechnical innovations: New ships: carabelas and Naos, able to Travel through the Atlantic Ocean
- 45.
- 46.
- 47. IDEOLOGICAL PURPOSES: The idealof Reconquest
- 48. FINANCIAL SUPPORT By thekings of Portugal And Spain
- 50. Consequences: Treaty ofTordesillas POPE KINGS OF SPAINKING OF PORTUGAL
- 51.
- 53. AZTECAS AND MAYAS Theydiscovered writing, Astronomy and maths and created a wide empire in Central America.
- 54. INCAS. They created another empirein South America Across all the Andes. They had an emperor with Absolute power, and All people had to work To the emperor some days per year.