The Dutch Primacy In The Seventeenth Century

The Dutch Primacy In The Seventeenth Century
Shortly after wresting its independence from Habsburg Spain, the Dutch Republic quickly ascended
to primacy among European powers. By the beginning of the seventeenth century, the Dutch
Republic had overcome the limitations of its size and available ecological resources through its
innovative financial and commercial institutions and was enjoying a hundred years of commercial
dominance. By all measures, the Dutch Republic was positioned to remain atop Europe for the
foreseeable future, but by the end of the seventeenth century, domestic production and overseas
dominance was waning. A series of global conjunctures, including several naval wars and an
invasion, interrupted the Dutch Republic's rapid economic progress long enough for Britain to usurp
hegemony. Like Spain before it, the Dutch moment atop the ... Show more content on
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In the Dutch town of Leiden, production of wool cloth increased forty–six fold in the period
between 1585 and 1664 (Di Vittorio 70). Sugar refining, woodworking, and ceramic industries also
thrived. This robust manufacturing base supplemented Dutch trade industries and advanced
agriculture, thus creating a diversified economic base. The result, writes Dutch economic historian
Jan DeVries, were "strong positive feedback loops, where an impulse toward expansion stimulates
further growth...significantly weakening the influence of Malthusian forces"(DeVries 1997,
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Cause And Effect Of British Imperialism
The effects of British imperialism in India were bad. The British ruined India's economy making the
lives of Indians harder. They took over the Indian government, causing the Indians to become
dependant on them. Eventually the pressure built up and the Indians had a murderous rebellion, The
Sepoy Mutiny. Next, due to the inherent racism inside the British they constantly kept the Indians at
a level below them. This imperialistic mindset of the British which consisted of greed and hate,
caused all of this harm to come to India.
There were many sources used for this paper. One of the primary sources used was Gandhi because
he was able to unite people of India against the forces of British imperialism. The other sources that
were used were secondary sources and came from books, news articles, and databases. These
sources were used because they provided an objective third person point of view of what had
happened. What these sources showed were the cultures of India and England, their economies,
politics, lifestyles, and how British imperialism worked.
In this paper an important word to know is imperialism. Merriam–Webster defines imperialism as
"the policy, practice, or advocacy of extending the power and dominion of a nation especially by
direct territorial acquisitions or by gaining indirect control over the political or economic life of
other areas; broadly : the extension or imposition of power, authority, or influence." The sources
used in this paper have used the word

Ap European History Reading Questions-Chapter 15 Essay...
1. The upmost important reason for economic and social problems that troubled Europe from 1560
to 1650 was an incredible inflation among other things. The Spanish empire brought tons of gold
back to Europe and caused the value of gold to plummet. Since this was a situation that Europe had
never experienced, they didn't understand it. More gold was supposed to be good, right? Suddenly
prices started to rise for no reason. Also in Spain, unlike gold, there was very little silver being
produced at the time and therefore pirate attacks began to take place. Other problems facing Europe
during this time include, population decline, plague, economic warfare, and famine. As a result of all
these problems, social tension was greatly increased, all ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Thus, argued Roberts, the modern art of war made possible – and necessary – the creation of the
modern state." 4. Women were viewed as being spiritually weaker than men, and more susceptible
to demonic influence, and this meant that women tended to be suspected of being witches much
more often than men. However, this was not a consistent pattern found throughout Europe. In some
regions, there were more men convicted of witchcraft than women, in the Lorraine region of France
for example, and in Iceland, where the overwhelming majority of convictions were of men. Overall
though, about 75% of those executed for witchcraft were women. So ultimately what this suggests
about women in the 16th and 17th centuries is that women were not nearly as important as men in
society during this time. 5. Absolutism pertains to an absolutist state, where all power, or
sovereignty is made in the ruler. These rulers claimed to have divine right, meaning they ruled by
the grace of God and were responsible only to God. However, these absolute monarchs respected the
basic laws of the land. They controlled interest groups within their territories and created
bureaucracies as well, in which the offices held public/state positions, directing the economy to the
benefit of the king. Absolute monarchs also kept

Dutch's Impact On New York
The legacy of the Dutch and their founding of New Amsterdam can still be seen in the marvelous
city of New York City. The Dutch built Fort Amsterdam due to fear of English invasion and Native
American incursions, and the first northern, earthen wall has become the economic center of the
world, Wall Street. This is just one instance of the lasting impact the Dutch would have on the
modern city of New York. As noted by Joyce Goodfriend, in Revisiting New Netherland
Perspectives on Early Dutch America
It is hard to imagine from such minute visual clues what this place must have looked like three
hundred and fifty years ago. The character of the colonial Dutch buildings, streets, water–front and
the people who once inhabited these places are long ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Jews were not completely safe in the Netherlands, but it was better there for them than many
other places where they had been expelled, which many countries had done. They came to
Netherlands seeking refuge and once they heard of the opportunity in the New World it would not be
long before they wanted to have their opportunity. Asser Levy, an Ashkenazi Jew, came to New
Amsterdam and he had a prosperous life. He became the first Jew anywhere in North America to
own a house (Hertzberg, 17). The success of some Jews in New Amsterdam was not seen elsewhere
in any of the North American colonies. The only place for the Jews to prosper was in the Dutch
colonies. You can see the everlasting impact of this success they had in New Amsterdam by the
enormous Jewish population of New York City. Today about 1.5 million Jews live in New York City
or about ten percent of all the Jews in the world. New Amsterdam from its roots was a multicultural
trading center that was more tolerant than most places for the seventeenth century, and today New
York City is clearly a very multicultural

Imperialism : Modern Global History
Tianze Shan
Ms. Bonne
Modern Global History
30 October 2016
Imperialism happened in the history In the history, strong countries always trying to conquer the
small and undeveloped countries in order to gain resources that they need and show their power,
that's called imperialism. This paper will talk about imperialism in Southeast Asia, India and South
America, how European power imperialize those areas and how imperialism effect those areas.
Southeast Asia is located at the corner of Asia, made up of islands and part of Asia continent land. In
the history, Southeast Asia were not strong enough to defense and has been colonized for a long
time. Because of the requirement of Asia products and abundant resources found in that area,
Countries in Europe began the imperialism in Southeast Asia. In the early 18th centuries, the Dutch
East India Company began to control Indonesia's islands that near India. The reason is abundant oil
and Tin mine was found in Indonesia. When Dutch moved to Indonesian, they established a social
statue system, which makes Dutch on the top. Dutch make Indonesia became a part of Dutch
territory and call it "the Dutch East Indies." Lots of Dutch population moved to Indonesian, and they
never go back. Here's the negative effects: Because of the immigrant from Netherlands, Indonesian
became the minority; part of the native traditions was disappeared; and the environment was
damaged because of the over exploration; Dutch forced farmers to export 20

The Mutual Impact Between Amsterdam And The Voc
The Mutual Impact Between Amsterdam and the VOC The Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, or
The Dutch East India Company, was the first multinational corporation in history (Shorto 103). In
the interest of conserving space, the Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie will be shortened to the
VOC in this paper. Founded in 1602, the VOC was primarily a trading company, but also had the
power to declare wars, create colonies, and negotiate treaties (Briney). The VOC's massive reach
across the globe and its ability to transport large quantities of goods caused entire populations to rely
on foreign trade to survive (Shorto 104). Even Japan, who had a general policy of refusing foreign
trade, allowed the VOC to trade with them for two centuries ... Show more content on
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Early Amsterdammers were at war with water because the settlers needed to drain the marshy terrain
to obtain land suitable for building and farming. The owner of any given parcel of land was
responsible for seeing that the dykes that held back the water were maintained and keeping their
land dry. If one neglected their duties, water would sweep in and cause destruction to not only the
negligent party's land, but everyone's (Mak 11). Flooding caused destruction of property and crops
and essentially lowered chances of survival. Because it was vital to cooperate with others, despite
potential differences and disagreements, the Dutch developed a pragmatic and collaborative outlook.
Draining water to create land also affected the area's geography. To remove the water, it had to be
directed into canals that ran directly into the ocean or natural rivers (Mak 11). These canals proved
to be an advantage, as traders could easily anchor and load boats directly where their homes or
stores were. Although this made loading goods easier, traders first had to take convoluted routes
through twisting rivers to sell their wares because their boats were unfit for the open–sea. Then, with
the invention of a ship called a cog, trading routes could now stretch across seas. The cogs
themselves could also carry five to ten times more cargo than earlier boats. Because Dutch traders
could go to farther ports to trade, their cities, namely Amsterdam, became

The Contributions And Impact Of Dutch Imperialism In...
Dutch Impacts Body Paragraphs: Dutch supremacy on Indonesia allowed an advanced
interconnection in which societal structures and values were changed in positive and negative forms,
impacting the indigenous people of Indonesia. The Dutch colonial reign allowed for unity among the
natives and created a new "basic unit of administration in the Javanese countryside...tied the
peasantry far more closely to the land then it had been in early colonial times" (Cribb, Robert). As
the Indonesian laborers and aristocrats among the Archipelago interacted with Dutch soldiers and
were inhabited by varied ethnicities; the Indonesian natives grew stronger together in adversity and
were strengthened in patriotism. On a positive light the Dutch introduced several ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the 18th century during the gradual decline of the VOC, production interests were shifted to
production of coffee and sugar in Java which also to a "greater interference in Javanese politics"
(Reid, Anthony). Moreover, upon the arrival of the Dutch, "the VOC became the arbiter in dynastic
disputes and in conflicts between rival rulers...inevitably emerged as the main political entity in the
archipelago" (Encyclopedia Britannica). Once advanced community structures developed, a
variation of ethnicities (Chinese and Europeans, trading ships from China, Arabia and India)
inhabited the Archipelago. Visitors in the 18th century reported Batavia trading docks were "always
full of the flags of all nations, attracted by profit they are sure to make by it" (Haniggan, Tim). Thus
implying that as a variety of trading ships were originating from differing countries, Indonesia was
excelling as spices were valuable and were exchanged with "new export commodities with its naval
or maritime dominance, the VOC, which was the preeminent presence of the regional commerce
networks" (Haniggan, Tim). Furthermore, educational programs, governmental foundations, and
ameliorated policies contributed to strengthened nationalism and political justices. By 1901 the
Dutch Queen Wilhelmina proposed a new Ethical Policy which would be applied

The Netherlands Revolt
My paper will discuss several factors that led to the success of the Revolt of the Netherlands which
include; hatred of the Spain monarchy in the Netherlands, failure of King Philip II as a ruler, the
union of the provinces within the Netherlands, the support of foreign allies and Spanish enemies,
and Spain's lack of funds. This revolt was composed of people from all social classes and all of
these men were all driven and motivated by a deep hate of Spain. After Charles V, Philip II became
the king of the Spanish Netherlands. Unlike Charles V, Philip II was not part of the Habsburg
Empire, known as the Netherlands. The people of Netherland considered him a foreigner and he was
often portrayed as being extremely arrogant and uncaring towards ... Show more content on
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Philip II believed in complete sovereign power on his quest to create centralization in the region, so
he chose to exclude the involvement of the high nobility from any polices that the king made or
would make in the future (Zagorin, Pg.91). They would have no say in what the government would
do or what policies it would carry out. The accused him of violating the liberties of the province that
he ruled and even when various please were made to him change his policies, he refused to accept
the advice and consent of the nobility or estates.
With his insistence on denying the Dutch their religious freedom and then denying the nobility the
right to have a say in policy matters, he set in motion the start of the revolution. The Netherlands
was a region that had various different provinces; they were not a united front, politically speaking.
But one thing that they did have in common was that they looked upon the noblemen for guidance.
The noblemen were seen as leaders, sometimes even acting as provincial governors, and they
usually provided politically guidance to those in need, apart from dealing with any issues that town
people

What Is The Influence Of The Dutch Colonize In The New World?
The founding of the New World fascinated many Europeans because of the possibilities of the
economic, political, and social growth. Europeans packed their belongings and boarded the boat to
new beginnings. Arriving in the Americas was not what they had expected. Already pre–occupied in
the land, were the Native Americans. The Native Americans refused the Europeans colonization in
the America's, but not all colonies in the Europe just wanted to colonize with the Natives. The
intentions of the Europeans colonies were all different, as the Dutch solely came for business
transactions. The Dutch business transactions resulted in the change of economic, political, and
social movements, changing the lives of the Native's.
The intentions of the Dutch in the New World were very different from the rest of the Europeans
that had arrived in the New World. As the Europeans like the British and French wanted to establish
colonies inland, the Dutch wanted to stay along the shore and not be part of the colonization like the
rest of the European world. The Dutch "men engaged in the chase for discoveries in the North
America spoke of possession but not the colonies." Possessions of material and not the land were
what the Dutch were most interested in. They were focused on making economic profit and focused
on increasing their riches with their Dutch West India Company. The Dutch West India Company
never intended to colonize in the Americas, because to them it would mean that they would

The Dutch Golden Age Of The Dutch Revolt
Now formally known as The Netherlands, the nation used to be identified as the great land
of The Dutch. During the seventeenth century, the nation experienced an influx that made
the country's name known all over the world. Titled "The Dutch Golden Age" during which The
Dutch Republic become at the time, one of the most powerful nations in the world in respect to
their economy, liberal arts, and naval military. As this essay progresses, I will continue to discuss
this particular time in history and reveal it's impact on not only itself, but the entire European
continent.
Before discussing how The Dutch's economy increased and how "The Dutch Golden Age" came to
be, going over the "Dutch Revolt" would be an ideal place to start considering it's how the Dutch
gained their independence. The first forty–three years of the "Dutch Revolt" also knowns as the
Eighty Years' War, was the fight between The Dutch Republic and Spanish Empire. The fight
between the two lasted from 1566 till 1609 until a twelve year truce was signed and The Dutch
Republic finally gained it's hard earned independence. The Dutch revolted against the Spanish King
mainly because the King wanted to tax ten percent. At the time, Holland was one the wealthiest
countries in Europe, thanks to their large population of windmills and the new trading routes with
India and Africa. The country didn't feel that the King needed a profit from them and they rebelled,
beginning the historical Eighty Years' War.

Essay about Inter Generational Interview
Intergenerational Interview Report
"The only way to make sense out of change is to plunge into it, move with it, and join the dance."–
Alan Watts
Throughout history; more specifically throughout different generations, we as human beings have
been subject to a certain amount of change within our society. As time goes by change is almost
inevitable among a nation. Change has occurred throughout history due to specific events that have
a ripple effect upon individuals. Whether the change is a result of advancing technology, social
climate, or foreign influence there is little chance of preventing the effect it will have on society. It is
difficult to argue that we have not seen a paradigm shift in social attitudes from generation to ...
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When asked about his sense of community during his childhood, my Grandfather spoke about how
much his family and his neighbours relied on each other to survive and to keep each other in good
spirits. They helped farm each others land and in the end would split what was harvested. It was not
until doing further research that it became obvious to me just how important the interdependence of
this tight knit community was to their survival. Between 1943 and 1945 the Dutch people faced a
horrible famine that killed nearly 30,000 Dutch civilians which is an astronomical number for a two
years span. (Hitchcock, 98) Seeing as my Grandfather was so young at the time he was not able to
remember much about his times during the war, so instead I conducted some research on what life
might have been for a Dutch civilian during that time period. During the war time the Dutch
government was completely ran by Nazis and as a result many rules were implemented that were of
little benefit to the people of the country. For example men from ages 18–35 were forced to work in
munitions factories and do field work, Dutch people were handed out "ration cards" that would limit
the amount of food they could consume within the week. (Van der Zee, 3) Evidently this was a
difficult time for the Dutch people so I decided to then change the topic of discussion and ask my
Grandfather about his teenage years. To kick off the discussion the

The Concept of "Advanced Civilization" Led to the European...
During the European conquests of the 16th and 17th centuries, the concept of an advanced
civilization was essential most of the time. This can be supported by the strategic Spanish conquests,
Portuguese exploration, and the Dutch trading empire.
To begin with, North and South America, which had existed in isolation for thousands of years,
came into contact with the rest of the world via the Italian explorer, Christopher Columbus. In 1492,
he was sent by Spain to look for a route to India. Rather, Columbus came into contact with a
Caribbean island. This marked the beginning of Spanish invasion of the Americas, who were in
search of gold. Perhaps the most profound Spanish conquistadors were Hernan Cortez and Francisco
Pizzaro, who ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Incas had no knowledge of the wheel, arch construction, or writing, but they managed a society
in the Andes. Pizzaro arrived with 180 men and 30 horses, and decided to meet with the ruler,
Athualpa, under an agreement of having unarmed body guards. As the gold covered ruler agreed, he
was immediately stripped of his gold headband and one blast of his cannon and small army
slaughtered the Inca warriors 50,000. Atuhualpa tried to free himself by offering a 17ft by 22ft by
9ft room of gold. The Spanish took the offer, but still murdered Atuahulpa to show that they could
not be trusted so that others would abide by their rule. The contact between the Americas and the
Old World began biological exchange of animals and foods which greatly benefited trade.
Additionally, Vasco de Gama was a Portuguese explorer who discovered an ocean route to India, in
1498, by going under the tip of Africa, or Cape of Good Hope. This way avoided conflicts with the
Ottoman Turks and led one directly into the fast moving currents of the Indian Ocean. This plan was
carefully devised by skilled Portuguese mapmakers and navigators. Since this way was known,
many rulers such as the Sultan of Manindi, offered the Portugese captain a pilot to guide his ships to
trade for spices, gems, and fine (cotton, paper, porcelain, silk, glass, carpets) textiles. The Asian
trading network, however were not interested in Portuguese goods such as iron

How significant was the Reformed faith to the success of...
The Dutch Revolt, In the sixteenth century, was a conflict between the Protestant Low Countries,
and the Catholic Spanish Empire. This resulted in the division of the seventeen provinces of the
Netherlands, and eventually the formation of the Dutch Republic. The Dutch speaking north were
tolerant to various religious affiliations, whereas, the French and Walloon South, remained loyal to
Philip II, and were predominantly Catholic. In order to establish the significance of reformed faith in
the success of the Dutch Revolt, this assignment will explore some of the events surrounding the
uprising. In addition, it will consider social, economic and political factors, in order to identify how
they contribute to the success of the conflict. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, Philip II, was a conservative Catholic. His policies to obtain religious uniformity,
through his Edicts and the Inquisition were not welcome. The religious suppression resulted in a
further aggravation to relations. The Count of Egmont() and William of Orange(), emerged as the
leaders of the opposition.
On the 5th of April 1566, William presented the Petition of Compromise to Margaret. This requested
Philip to end religious persecution in the Netherlands. ' [... ] his majesty's recent refusal to mitigate
the edicts in any way [... ] present difficulties will undoubtedly increase ' and, ' we fear, will be an
open revolt '(). This document makes clear that the Inquisition had not been adjusted since Charles's
reign, and that during this time differences had appeared. This seems to indicate, that the
introduction of Reformed faith and ideas, which entered the Netherlands, had some impact. The
petition warns Philip of the situation, and presents the concerns of the nobility. It is clear here, that
what is paramount to the nobility is that of their own interests, rather than that of religion. They
would be unable to protect their lands if revolt broke out, and in addition, they feared that others
may provide false testimony in order to gain their confiscated lands. Moreover, as Protestants often
faced execution for holding heretic beliefs, this clearly a

A Kitchen Sorgh Analysis
A Kitchen
Hendrick Sorgh painted A Kitchen in ca. 1643, when Dutch trade, science, military and art were
about to become the foremost in the world. This is a 20 1/2 to 17 3/8 inch oil painting on wood. The
Eighty Years' War in the Protestant Low Countries against the political and religious hegemony of
the Catholic Spain under the Hapsburgs would eventually end five years later, and start the Dutch
Golden Age. The Dutch–American historian Koenraad Wolter Swart named the transition of the
United Provinces from a possession of the Holy Roman Empire in the 1590s to an economic power
as the "Dutch Miracle". Additionally, it was in this period that the Dutch East India Company and
The Bank of Amsterdam was established. Therefore, as opposed to the ... Show more content on
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Therefore, the art production in the Low Countries values realistic, domestic, straightforward
approach, as well as devotion to the detail of everyday life as we can observe in the domestic scene
of A Kitchen. As the seventeenth–century Dutch painters tries to create a convincing illusion of
naturalness, the overall realism in the painting is result of the usage of houding (literally, "bearing"
or "attitude") technique, which means balancing of colors and tones to position elements
convincingly in a pictorial space. As a rule, bright colors tend to come forward (especially warm
ones, such as red and yellow), as do sharp tonal contrasts (Freedberg & de Vries, p.

How Significant was the Reformed Faith to the Success of...
The Dutch Revolt of the sixteenth century, was a conflict between the Protestant Low countries, and
the Catholic Spanish Empire. This resulted in the division of the seventeen provinces of the
Netherlands, and eventually the formation of the Dutch Republic. This struggle culminated into a
Religious split. The Dutch speaking north were tolerant to various religious affiliations, whereas, the
French and Walloon South, remained loyal to Philip II, and were predominantly Catholic. In order to
determine the significance of Reformed faith in the success of the Dutch Revolt, interpretations
from both Peter Griel and Wallace will be explored. Additionally, social, economic and political
factors will be considered, in order to determine their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Here, another fundamental factor is introduced, that of centralisation and the independence of the
individual provinces. Furthermore, Philip II, was a conservative Catholic. His policies to acquire
religious uniformity such as his edicts and the Inquisition, led to persecution of heretics, This
religious suppression resulted in further aggravation in relations. The Count of Egmont and the
Prince of Orange emerged as the leaders of the opposition
On 5th April 1566, The petition of compromise was presented to Margaret of Parma,by William of
Orange,who was accompanied by approximately 200 armed men. The petition requested that Philip
put a stop to religious persecutions in the Netherlands, which were implemented through the edicts
and the inquisition.This document makes clear that inquisitions had not been adjusted since Charles
reign, and that now they were presented with different times things had changed. Here, seems to
indicate the introduction of Reformed Faith and ideas entering the Netherlands, had some impact of
some kind. The petition warns Philip of the situation, and presents the concerns of the nobility,
which is primarily that of their own interests, being their property. Religion is not emphasised
significantly. The consequences of a revolt would be detrimental to the nobles as they would be
unable to protect their lands. Additionally, fears of slanderous testimony been given about them,
purely

Imperialism in Asia Essay
As many people know, Imperialism has shaped the culture and customs all over the world.
Imperialism is the dominance of one country over another politically, economically or socially.
Western culture can be seen in all parts of the world; from Asia to Africa, to the Indies and the
Americans. The downside of having the bits of western culture all over the world, is how it got
there. Western influence was forced upon places in Asia, specifically India, Indonesia with a
hellacious price; lives and poverty. In the 1600's the English took advantage of the crumbling
Mughals. In 1757, Robert Clive led an unquestionable victory against the Indian Forces at the Battle
of Plassey. After that battle, the East India Company was the leading force ... Show more content on
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The Sepoys feared that the grease had been made with either cow or pig fat. In Battles of the Indian
Mutiny, Michael Edwardes said, "the first from an animal sacred to the Hindus, and the second from
an animal held unclean by the Muslims. The Hindu Sepoys saw this as an attempt to break their
caste as a preliminary to making them all Christians." Due to this insensitivity, the Muslims were
disgusted and just as insulted as the Hindus.
The Rebellion started with blood shed at the garrison in Meerut, where every Englishmen who was
found was killed. After which, they marched to Delhi and "placed themselves under the leadership
of the impotent and bewildered Mogul Emperor Bahadur Shah." (Historical Dictionary of the British
Empire.) By June the only British–held outpost, Cawnpore, was cut off. On July 17th, it was
ascertained that 200 European men, women and children were murdered the prior month in the
upheaval at Cawnpore. Vengeance was quick and onerous: anyone who was suspected to be a
mutineer was tied to a cannon and executed. "In Six months, the mutiny had been broken, and,
within the next year, British power was restored." (Historical Dictionary of the British Empire.)
These rebellions would later be in the back of the minds of some Indian freedom fighters as the first
stage of the fight for independence from British colonialism that lasted until 1947. (Sepoy
Rebellion: 1857.) In the 17th century Dutch explorers found Indonesia. For

The Reasons And Causes Of The Indonesian War Of Independence
Unlike the Filipino and Burma's revolution, the Indonesian national revolution or Indonesian war of
independence, was a diplomatic struggle and war between Indonesia and the Dutch Empire. The
Revolution started between Indonesia's proclamation of independence in 1945 and the Dutch
recognition of Indonesia's independence on December 1949. The Dutch had gain control of
Indonesia for more than 300 years. The kind of influence the Dutch had gave us can still be seen
today, because Indonesia was a subject to imperial rule or influence and is still struggling till today.
The strive for liberation endured for four years that involved an occasional violent conflict, inner
Indonesian political and communal disruption, and two crucial international ambassadorial ... Show
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On June 1st, 1945, Sukarno read his Pancasila speech. Pancasila is the official Philosophical basis of
Indonesia. It is composed by two traditional Javanese words, specifically from Sangkrit. Panca
means "five", Sila means "Principles". "Pancasila is the sole, basic principle of our life as a society,
nation and a state" –President Soeharto. Based on this quote by President Soeharto, Pancasila
incorporates the five major principles of Indonesia as a community. On 15th of August 1945, The
Japanese had surrender to allied nation powers in the World War 2. Indonesia had proclaimed itself
independent on 17th of August 1945, only two days after the Japanese had declared they
surrendered. On 3rd of November 1945, Hatta proclaims the right of the people to form political
parties. In a short time, a multi–party system came out, ranging from new ideologies and
nationalism to socialism. It also includes religion and Marxism. Thus the governmental system
structure had developed into a tolerant democracy envision by Pancasila. And in November 10,
1945, the region around the east Javanese town urban area of Surabaya became the location in
where most of the intense battle was. The battle of Surabaya became the logo of opposition to the
re–imposition of the Dutch colonial rule. Throughout the whole revolution, there were many
significant historical events that highlight the shift in

Dutch Slave Trade Essay
Dutch Slave Trade
During the 17th and 18th centuries, mercantilism was the emerging economic policy through which
the slave trade developed in Europe. In the Netherlands many historical events gave rise to a desire
for domination of international trade. They were serious tradesman and were heavily involved in the
profitable business of slavery. The Dutch, intelligent and self–ruling tradesmen took no time in
displaying their dominance over rival countries, Portugal, England and Spain, in the Atlantic and
Indian Ocean. They established their international superiority in trade and impacted today's society.
From 1609 to 1713, the Dutch Republic was going through "The Golden ... Show more content on
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However, this in turn led to the entrance into international trade. This will begin a long struggle for
trading power with the Portuguese, Spanish, English, and French.
The Dutch didn't take long to make their presence felt. The quote from the book The Slaves
describes their attitude coming into the trade, "The Dutch, fiercely independent, and aggressive
traders...did not take long to establish themselves internationally." The Dutch were determined to
control the trading power in West Africa. By mid 16th century, the Dutch had set up posts along the
West African coast, and forts in present day Indonesia. The Dutch also controlled most of the
Eastern Sea and had set up forts along the Caribbean and the coast of Dutch Guiana. The Dutch
were very bright when it came to technological advances. One example of their knowledge was the
invention of the canal and irrigation tactics. The Dutch intelligence in trade soon overcame the
Portuguese in Africa. First off, the Dutch armed their boats and also trained the sailors. This system
will prevent rivals and enemies to sink their ships or purge their cargo from the ship. The Dutch also
raided particular forts, which gave them good geographic points on the map, and limited the power
of their rivals. These forts were ports for trading routes, where ships may need supplies, and were
also loading areas for

Essay on Why did the British want an Empire in India?
On the 31st of December in the year 1600, 'The Governor and Company of Merchants of London
Trading into the East Indies' received a Royal Charter to be England's trading representative in
India. By they early part of the 17th Century, Britain had already eclipsed Portuguese interests in
India. The company bought in cotton, silk, indigo, opium, saltpeter and tea mainly in exchange for
silver bullion. These were valuable commodities in Britain at that time. By 1720, 15% of British
imports were from India.
The original motive of the East India company was almost certainly a desire for personal monetary
profit, but there were certainly other reasons for the further expansion into India. As the Industrial
revolution began in Britain the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After America had attained independence, the focus on imperial colonisation turned to India for the
first time.
India was the perfect target for Britain, every victory in India damaged France, it provided the raw
materials which were becoming incredibly important because of the industrialisation of Britain and
it brought much money to Britain. India was on the path to world domination for Britain. And the
conquest of India certainly did benefit Britain in many ways, both economic and political.
However India did get some things out of its own conquest. The British were fairly gentlemanly in
their actions in India. The terrible act of Siraj–ud–Dowla, imprisoning 146 Britons in the Black Hole
of Calcutta, showed in some ways the psyche of some of the rulers of India and the British civilising
influence must have had some effect on most Indians quality of life, for the better. I do not feel
however, that the British went to India in order to civilise the culture, I do not believe that their
motives were that selfless, the civilising influence seems to have simply been a by–product of the
fact that the Britains came.
India became the jewel in the crown of the British Empire. I think that if America had not achieved
independence then the spotlight would not have been switched to India at all as brightly and so the
jewel in the crown would have

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Kitchen Utensils For...
You should choose your kitchen utensils for enameled cast iron cookware very carefully, not
because it is particularly prone to scratching, because it is not, but because it tends to chip if banged.
Chipping of enameled cookware occurs when the enamel surface is shocked sufficiently to break the
bond with the metal This type of cookware is becoming very popular again, largely because of the
bright colors and designs in which it is available, unlike the dark raw cast iron versions that look
unexciting even though they appear traditional and functional. Another reason is that is easy to
clean, and tends to look cleaner and fresher than the more tradition seasoned cast iron cooking
equipment. An enameled pot, pan or skillet eliminates the need ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
That might not be the most expensive or even the best looking, but it should be the least likely to
chip your pans when you are a bit heavy handed when using them. Don't worry about scratches,
because enamel is pretty tough, but what you have to think off is not the enamel surface but its bond
to the metal. That is what can come apart if too much sudden pressure is applied. Enamel chips – it
rarely scratches. Try to avoid metal kitchen tools, therefore, unless you are very careful with them,
and wood, plastic and silicone are preferred even if plastic looks cheap. A good compromise is to
use wooden kitchen implements when you can get them, and either plastic or silicone for those that
are more difficult to find in wood. Your enameled cast iron cookware deserves the best treatment
you can give it, so take the care necessary to provide

Netherland Political Analysis
The History and Politics of the Netherlands
A kingdom by the sea that is characterised by the roaring lion and the falling petals of a tulip bulb. A
place once revolved around the trade of agricultural products such as fish and meat production that
has become an industrial empire among its surrounding sister nations. Throughout time the
Kingdom of the Netherlands has been somewhat of an isolationist country but nonetheless has
managed to keep a prominent place with its own rich history, bustling economy and extensive
political influences.
With a history as rich as its signature dutch chocolate The Netherlands has been through many of its
own struggles for identification as a country itself as well as in the protection of domestics from
outside ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The stimulus programs and bank bailouts, however, resulted in a government budget deficit of 5.3%
of GDP in 2010 that contrasted sharply with a surplus of 0.7% in 2008. The government of Prime
Minister Mark Rutte has since implemented significant austerity measures to improve public
finances and has instituted broad structural reforms in key policy areas, including the labor market,
the housing sector, the energy market, and the pension system.
Thus displaying to the world a country of prominence, wealth, business and relative economic
security despite everything else that may be going on around it. Commonly today the integration of
religion into politics is seen as a primitive form of rule. This concept of a separation of church and
state being in conflict with early Dutch ideal. In fact there was such a deep connection between
these two forms of human affiliation that certain laws were made that prohibited public worship of
non–majority religions such as catholicism and threatened federal punishment for non compliance.
This being a norm for such medieval civilizations that revolved on particular things alike to
monarchical rule and religious organization. In contrast to past instances the Netherlandish
government now

How Did The Dutch Empire Influence Latin America
The Dutch colonization of Latin America is nothing less than a phenomenon. Against all odds the
Dutch empire rose to colonial prominence in the latter sixteenth century and early seventeenth
century throughout much of Asia, South America and the Caribbean. Coming into their success from
a vast trading network the Dutch had to navigate the murky waters of the countries within the
triangle alliance, consisting of France, England and, Spain. Ultimately, these three countries with
their enormous militaries, naval fleets and, wealth were able to surpass the Dutch as the decades
elapsed. However, despite these great odds the influence the Dutch empire had on Latin America is
immense. One of the many odds the Dutch overcame was the massive protective legislation of the
triangle alliance countries as well as, for at least a short ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The seventy or so years before these laws were enacted (the British navigation acts were first
enacted in 1651) the Dutch began to build a monumental empire focused on sugar and slave trading.
The Dutch West Indies company was chartered in 1621 to give monopoly to the Dutch in the trade
market of the Caribbean, Brazil and, Africa, thus restricting the trade of more powerful countries.
According to Pieter C. Emmer, a Dutch historian at Leiden University in the Netherlands, one major
reason the Dutch were such successful traders and colonizers was because " Dutch traders were
known all over to offer lower freight rates and a better array of trade goods at lower prices than any
of their competitors", thus leading to a stronghold in the region by virtue of trade (Emmer 341). In
addition to their powerful trade markets and shipping capabilities some early victories in the sea led
to even more

English : The History Of The English Language
The History of the English Language BEFORE ENGLISH Where does English come from? English
has a convoluted history, spanning many millennia and cultures throughout history. The English we
all know and love today started its journey way back in the late Stone Ages. The people who spoke
this early concept of English are known as the Neolithic or Indo–European people. These people
lived in Eastern Europe and Central Asia sometime after 5,000BC, although different sources state
anywhere between 3,000BC – 7,000BC. Since there are no recorded writings of this Indo–European
language, it's a mystery as to how it actually sounded. Using the "comparative method", linguists
were able to reconstruct what it may have sounded like using context clues from several of its
daughter languages. Thanks to this method, it is thought by many that modern–day Lithuanian may
be the closest to the Indo–European language, i.e. the most unchanged form. Indo–European is but
one of many language families, however it is by far the most expansive family, accounting for
nearly half of today's modern languages. Within Europe, there are only few languages which do not
derive from this tree. These include Basque, Finnish, Estonian, Turkish, Hungarian, and few other
small Russian languages. The Indo European Spread Sometime between 3,500BC – 2,500BC, this
Indo–European language spread all throughout Europe and Asia, developing and evolving as it did.
As they developed in isolation, by 1,000BC, Indo–European had split into smaller language groups,
the main ones being Hellenic, Italic, Indo–Iranian, Celtic, Germanic, Armenian, Balto–Slavic, and
Albanian. Several other groups existed, such as Anatolian, Tocharian, Phrygian, Thracian and
Illyrian, but they have since died out before they had a chance to properly develop. Over time these
new language groups forked into even smaller languages, languages one would recognize as
modern–day languages, such as Swedish, Portuguese, and Latin. Because all of these languages
came from the same source, it makes sense as to why some words in different languages look
similar. Compare: English (brother), Dutch (broer), German (brüder), Old Norse (bróðr) English
(father), Dutch (vader),

The Dangers And Effects Of Imperialism : India
The Dangers and Effects of Imperialism: India
Imperialism has been a big factor in the world's economy for a fairly long time now. So, it must be a
good thing right? ...Right? Well... yes and no. It really just depends on who you're asking, really. If
you ask someone from England, they might say yes. If you ask someone from India, however, that's
a different story. The reason for this is because the true answer is not so black and white. There are
several factors that tie into this overarching discussion. What good has it done? What bad has come
out of it? These are all factors to consider. In India's case – in my opinion – it's not such a good
thing. Why? While Britain did do some good during their time controlling India, they ended up
crippling the country in the long run.
Before Imperialism In many ways, the pre–imperialism India is somewhat similar to today's India.
Take for example how diverse both are when it comes to cultures and religion. This can be attributed
to all of the trades, invasions and immigrants bringing in their own beliefs to the mix. These
exchanges brought in many new languages, clothing, food, music and so much more. It truly was –
and still is – a bit of a melting pot. (William, n.d.) What's different, though, is how they lived and
their economy. Unlike today, many Indians lived in small towns and villages. There they mainly
focused on agriculture rather than manufacturing advanced technologies. And unlike when the
British

The Prohibition Of The 18th Amendment
With the 18th amendment passed came about a new era, an era where the government was unable to
enforce the laws. The 18th amendment had banned alcohol creation and consumption. The reason
the amendment was passes was because workers became addicted to liquor ultimately becoming
ineffective workers. The 18th amendment gave young desperate men the chance to make big money
selling liquor. Eventually selling liquor will become the gateway for these men to becoming
gangsters. Through the years of the Prohibition three men would lead the gangster into a new style
of organized crime unseen ever before. Al Capone, Dutch Schultz and Charles "Lucky" Luciano
became the big three gangsters that led the era into a new direction of organized crime.
Although many gangsters came from an impecunious and or illiterate families, Al Capone's family
was an educated family. His father, Gabriele, was educated and from Naples, where he had earned a
living as a barber. Al Capone had lived in an area where crime did not influenced him but when he
moved he had met John Torrio. John Torrio was a big time gangster at the time and it was Torrio that
would teach Capone how to run a criminal organization. Torrio had represented a new era of
criminal empire, which he would be passing down to Capone.
Torrio had his boss assassinated giving him full power, which he passed down to Capone when he
retired. Capone became "crime czar of Chicago, Capone's new position symbolized a new criminal
empire, this

The Impact Of The Dutch Influence On Indonesia
The Dutch Empire's first influence on Indonesia is on their thoughts both intellectually and horridly.
According to a documentary by Kate Humble, the VOC, a Dutch owned trading organization, took a
lot of the Banda Islands', a group of islands located in the eastern side of Indonesia, land, valuables,
and hope when they settled there. They murdered their chiefs and turned their land into VOC
buildings. This lead them to have horrific thoughts. Humble mentioned that even mentioning VOC
to the people of Banda, will flashed their minds to this horror. So, this means that the people of
Indonesia still remember the Dutch's legacy and it is not in a good way. They still remember when
Jan Peiterszoon Coen invaded their island and took everything away from them. Coen destroyed ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Dutch mainly ruined more than helping it though. According to Britannica.com, the Dutch used
the VOC to overrun multiple Indonesian communities, mainly Banda Islands' communities, and take
their valuables with them. They also murdered the Indonesian tribal chiefs to show the people to not
mess with the VOC or the penalty will be deadly. This ruined multiple communities as they have no
leaders to lead them from this situation. When the leaders are gone, the citizens of the tribes easily
fall because they have no one to lead them. Also, according to Adi Sudirman's book about
Indonesian history, the Dutch and the VOC used sneaky ways to trick the Indonesians to trust them
and easily take their land, valuables, and communities. They took the monopolies of multiple
Indonesian commodities so that they can decide the price and their value. This means that the VOC
took over commodities in Indonesia so that they can do their own bidding with its monopolies. The
VOC used strategies that are very sneaky and cause their victims to easily lose the fight.
Unfortunately, there are no good side of this influential actions the VOC

Pros And Cons Of The Cuisinart 77-10
The Cuisinart 77–10 is great cookware set for an everyday cook who loves to dabble in classic and
modern cuisines. The wide grip handles are riveted on, and the covers fit snugly on top of cookware
to lock in flavors. And a tapered rim around the pots and pans makes it drip free when pouring.
Aluminum in the base helps in even heat distribution and heat conductivity. This set is perfect to try
out the classic cooking techniques of a slow simmer or a rolling boil.
==> CLICK HERE for Best Deals on Cuisinart 77–10 at Amazon
Cuisinart 77–10 features pieces from a "chef's classic cookware". The set is non–stick and made of
stainless steel with a mirror finish giving the set an elegant appearance. The stainless steel prevents
discoloration, reaction ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Cuisinart 77–10 is a great quality set for the price you pay. And if you remember to cook with
the pots and pans at a lower temperature, because they will heat up faster, you will avoid a lot of the
complaints of discoloration and some sticking. As one reviewer said:
"Now that I have had this set for a few months, I can say it has met all my expectations. Other
reviewers have commented on the difficulty of cleaning it. I had some trouble in the beginning. It
was mostly due to the fact that this set heats up much faster than I was used to and I had to adjust
temperature settings and timings accordingly. Having knowledge of the smoking points of oils is
helpful. Coconut oil or margarine seem to work best and don't leave burn marks. Cheese will burn to
the pan but a good soaking and a nylon scraper or scour pad will clean it off just

Ap Euro Dutch Republic Dbq
Dutch Republic DBQ
In the 17th century, the Dutch Republic experienced a Golden Age and was able to maintain
security, unity, and prosperity in its society and economy. The nation was considered a leading
power, especially in trade and ideas, within Europe. However, it was not long before circumstances
changed and the state face many problems establishing peace and agreement. By the end of the 17th
and the beginning of the 18th centuries, there had been a significant change in the Dutch Republic's
power, for multiple factors and reasons. From 1650 to 1713, not only external factors such as
European intervention and British trading competition, but also internal division damaged the Dutch
Republic and challenged its authority as a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, more British trade allowed for the Bank of England to be strengthened and provide
more reliable loans that the Dutch can. This causes London to replace Amsterdam as the new
financial center, further allowing better trade for the British. The destruction of Dutch commerce
managed to alter its economy and prosperity, but internal issues also played a

Dutch Holland : New Holland, Come To The New World
Dutch Brazil, sometimes referred to as New Holland, was a northern portion of a Portuguese colony
located in Brazil. The colony lasted from 1630 through 1654. The colony was set into motion by the
Dutch West India Company. Dutch in Brazil paved the way for Dutch Artist to come to the new
world to paint and experience something never seen before. Albert Eckhout was a Dutch and still
life painter. Eckhout was born in Groningen, son to Albert Eckhout and Marrying Roeleffs, and very
little is known about his early career and work. and is among the first European artists to paint
scenes from the "new world." When the Dutch overtook brazil Eckhout moved there to work as a
court painter for John Maurice, the Prince of Nassau–Siegen. A fellow painter named Frans Post
traveled with Eckhout to Brazil where they were commissioned to paint everything in Brazil from
the landscape, inhabitants, flora, and fauna.
Albert Eckhout used his status as a still life painter to create and immortalize the ingenious
population of Dutch occupied Brazil. His painting brought to life the identity and rejection of the
ingenious population.
All eight painting from his series was believed to have been hung together in the Mauritshuis the
European home of Johann Maurits, Governor of the Dutch colony in Brazil. But this is believed now
to be untrue, but all eight painting would not have been able to be hung together due to their size
and limited wall space within the house. But while Governor Maurtis was

How Has The English Language Changed Over The Years
Think of things that morph over time. What comes to mind? People may think about a music artist's
change from YouTube videos recorded on iPhones to sold–out concerts. Or, they may think about
the changes an athlete makes from childhood to becoming a professional athlete. However, did you
think about how much a language changes over a couple of years? Every year words are added to
and taken from the dictionary. Words are formed and forgotten. Language changes because of a
person's vocabulary and location, but what happens to a language, like the English language, that is
spread across the whole world?
"The English language belongs to the West Germanic branch of the Indo–European family of
languages," according to M Boyanova. The Indo–European family started in Europe and South Asia,
later spreading to other parts of the world. The West Germanic branch of the Indo–European
language family includes the Afrikaans (spoken in South Africa), Dutch (spoken in Holland),
English (spoken in the United Kingdom, United States, Australia, and Canada), German (spoken in
Germany), and Yiddish (spoken in Germany and Israel) languages (Thompson). Even though
Scottish belongs to the Celtic branch (Thompson), it is one of the English language's closest living
relative, along with Frisian. Frisian is located in the Dutch province of Friesland, in nearby areas of
Germany, and on a few islands in the North Sea. It is only spoken by approximately half a million
people (Boyanova).
Over the numerous

Colonization Of The British Colonies
Soon after the discovery of the Americas in 1492, various European powers raced to colonize the
New World in order to accumulate more wealth, become a global power, and spread religion. The
four most powerful and prominent empires that colonized the Americas were the Spanish, British,
Dutch, and French. The British colonies attracted far more immigrants than the others because the
British colonies were allowed freedom of religion as compared to the strictly Catholic French, the
Spanish poor relations with the native population, and the Dutch colony quickly eroded because of
poor government. The Dutch colony found in present day New York failed and was easily conquered
by the British in 1664 because the living and economic conditions were poor compared to British
colonies. Unlike the British colonies, the New Netherlands were not a major part of the Dutch
colonial empire. The New Netherlands was used primarily for fur trade. The Dutch colonies could
offer settlers freedom of religion, and the right to self–govern. However, around the time that the
British took control of the Dutch colony, most of the residents had grievances about living there.
One of the leaders of the community, Adriaen Van Der Donck described their colony to be in ruin
because of the poor government. Their trade was greatly restricted to the point which there was
almost no market at all, and the majority of the settlers had grown tired of the inclusivity of the
Dutch colony because many of them had

Exploration For A New Route
In one such exploration for a new route to Asia, the VOC in 1609 employed Henry Hudson, an
Englishman, to locate the legendary Northwest Passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific oceans. The
VOC had hoped that it would provide a safer and quicker route instead of having to pass through the
Cape of Good Hope or going around the tip of South of America. While Hudson never did discover
the supposed Northwest Passage, he did explore a vast area of modern day northern US and Canada.
These explorations gained the VOC a foothold in North America as they established trading posts in
1614 at Manhattan and Albany; however these posts were only half–heartedly promoted.
Nonetheless, the VOC participated in the slave trade by establishing a route ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The overall part that the Dutch played in the Atlantic slave trade was never much more than 5–7 per
cent, which is estimated to be about 550,000 slaves. The economic aspects of the Transatlantic slave
trade were relatively meagre as far as the Dutch were concerned; therefore asking the question of
rather or not it was worth the bother. While the Dutch West India Company took part in the typically
less profitable aspects of Dutch Trade, the VOC was turning enormous profits all across the East
Indies and Asia. The VOC were the only Europeans allowed to conduct trade with Japan throughout
their isolation during the Edo period (1603–1868). The VOC were only permitted to trade at the
designated port, Dejima, on the island of Nagasaki and there were only ever a select few allowed to
come temporary onto the mainland. One of the reasons why the Japanese permitted trade with the
Dutch was because the Dutch were only interested in the acquiring of Japanese silver and copper,
not incorporating Dutch ideologies and culture onto Japan. Furthermore, William Adams, who
worked for the Dutch, had travelled to Japan before the start of their isolation and became an advisor
to Ieyasu, the head of the Japanese government. Due to these two reasons when Japan closed its
borders off to the outside world, the Dutch were one of the three countries, Korea and China being
the other two, the Japanese were permitted to trade with. The Dutch East India Company was not
only formed for

The Meaning Of Colonialism In George Orwell's Shooting An...
Sukarno, first president of Indonesia, said, "I hate imperialism. I detest colonialism. And I fear the
consequences of their last bitter struggle for life. We are determined, that our nation, and the world
as a whole, shall not be the play thing of one small corner of the world." Looking back in our
history, American, English, European, we see time and time again the imperialistic and colonialist
ways of our ancestry. France colonializing Vietnam, the Dutch imperializing South Africa, and
England colonializing Native America are just a handful of times we see these two actions come to
play. So what does it mean to have an imperialistic rule over another territory? What is the meaning
behind colonialism? Why is it a common act and why is it predominantly found in western culture?
The textbook definition states imperialism as "the policy of extending the rule or authority of an
empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies"
("Imperialism"). In short, imperialism is the act of an empire governing a foreign territory. George
Orwell visualizes this act for us in the short story of Shooting an Elephant. Throughout the story, the
reader follows through the eyes of a young English officer who polices the Burmese. The audience
is introduced quickly to his bitterness, yet pity toward the Burmese, and his anger at his mother
country for having him appointed to govern them. Interestingly, the take on this story is not the
perspective of a commoner who witnesses imperialism, but of an officer who takes part in it. As a
result, the reader is exposed to the realization that the soldiers and officers who infiltrate the foreign
environment do it under orders, not their own decision. It is not disclosed why the young officer has
been assigned his position, leading one to conclude that it is a matter of resources.
The practice of imperialism is historically common among the advanced Western civilizations.
Occupying a foreign land as a means of prospering from its resources proved to be a successful
venture. To illustrate this, as mentioned previously, the Dutch initially entered into South Africa to
use its location as an outpost for sending its ships to Asia, and eventually

Lloyd- Part A. There Are Several Definitions Describe What
Lloyd– Part A
There are several definitions describe what an ethnic group is, for this paper I would like to use Max
Weber 's definition of an ethnic group. His definition states that "Ethic groups are those human
groups that entertain a subjective belief in their common descent because of similarities of physical
type or of customs or both". This definition fits well with the ethnic conflict ongoing in Belgium
because it is a conflict which is heavily influenced by a linguistic division, one of the most powerful
symbols in ethnic politics. Belgium is a nation–state which is currently divided into two major
ethnic groups; the Dutch Speaking Flemish, and the French Speaking Walloons. This conflict or
division has been prevalent in this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Local municipalities were now a unilingual statue and each municipality belonged to only one of the
four regions. In the early 1970 's there was a constitutional reform and three autonomies were
formed: Flanders, Wallonia, and Brussels. Each region had its own government and parliament with
a federal government to keep the country united. During this time an economic shift occurred.
Wallonia mining and steel industry started to lose its revenue with the increase of modernization
while Flanders ' industry increased its revenue. Poverty and unemployment increased in Wallonia.
Many rely on social security that 's provided by the federal state. This creates tension because
Belgium 's taxpayers are mainly Flemish, so many are angry that their money is being used to
support the Walloons. This dissatisfaction pushed Belgium into a political deadlock and it became
"more obvious than ever that Belgian people live in a country with two completely different
democracies, two different cultures, and two different opinions." (Lauwers, 2010). In September of
2011 another political deadlock happened and lasted for over a year until the leader of the Socialist
Party elected a Prime Minister and key agreements by Flemish and Wallonia were met. The NVA
believes nationalism and separatism will help Belgium while the Socialist Party is in full support of
social security. Wallonia lack of want for change frustrates the

Military Strategy : The Dutch Empire And The Netherlands
Military strategy forever had been battles of attrition, men throwing themselves at each other until a
winner was determined, this form of battle was replaced in Europe during the 16th and 17th century.
The change in military strategy took place mostly in Europe, and the countries at the forefront of
this were the Swedish empire and the Netherlands. The Swedes and Dutch changed many military
strategies and practices which were in place for thousands of years and changed the standard for
militaries. They helped to show the first realistic application of David versus Goliath, using smart
tactics paired with a smaller army to destroy militaries of greater size. The two smallest nations in
Europe took control and led the world in military innovations in the 16th and 17th century through
competition and loss. The Swedes and Dutch managed to create fluid militaries which were able to
overpower larger armies through deception and agility. The Swedish and Dutch nations during the
16th and 17th century gained military strength through the reformation of tactics, reorganization of
the military, improvisation of weapons, and as a result changed the image and action of the military
forever. The idea of a military revolution was first explored by a man named Michael Roberts in the
1950s. Roberts said that if the Swedish Empire and the Netherlands had not developed as they did,
military strategy and organization would have not evolved for much later. Both the Netherlands and
Sweden

Negative Impact Of British Imperialism
More than 40 million people died in India during British imperialism.The East India Company is a
company that is ruled by the British, but the people serving are Indians. In 1757 the East India
Company troops won over India at the Battle of Plassey. From then they ruled India. In the 19th
century the company still ruled but the British provided them with an army. They wanted India for
its raw materials and was known as the Britishes "jewel in the crown". From then on British started
setting up rules and regulations for India. The British ruling lead a unfair government, poverty to
many, millions of deaths, and conflicts with languages. British imperialism had a negative impact on
the politics of India because of the unfair ruling/structure ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The British built 10,000 miles of railroad track and 136,000 bridges (Lalvani). However, these
railroads were not used to help Indians, railroads were used to extract the crops of India and force
Indians to buy goods from England (Shaw). The Britons were also paid 20 times more than the
Indians (Gandhi) so when the Indians got all their goods taken away, they couldn't buy them back
because they didn't make much money, which then forced them into poverty. Also, the British said
they made sure endangered species were protected and that national parks were opened (Lalvani). A
British quest for valuable wood led to the falling of economically profitable forests (Doc 7). They
would go and chop forests down, sell that wood, then make money off of it (Doc 7). They would
then use that ground to make more cash crops then leave that soil unusable for other crops (Doc 7).
That led to the destruction of many forests, homes for animals, and wasted land. Because of the
railroads taking Indian crops and the destruction of the land and environment, the economic impacts
were negative for the

The Dutch Republic Downfall Essay
Within 1650 to 1713 the Dutch Republic underwent a formidable transformation, which changed its
status as a major influence in Europe. The Dutch Republic was a political union of seven provinces
that was not only an impressive banking and commercial capital, but the Dutch also had a great navy
as well. Additionally, the center of flourishment in the Dutch Republic was Amsterdam, which was
the foremost trading and banking center in all of Europe. The changing environment of the late
seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries forced the Dutch Republic into a position of conflict and
unbalance, which proved detrimental to their country as a whole. One of the first challenges to the
Dutch Republic dealt with military and how countries, such as ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Additionally, another major conflict of militaristic means was against the English, in which
approximately 2,000 to 2,700 Dutch ships were seized by the English in the three Anglo–Dutch
Wars, (Doc. 3). This document primarily showed that Dutch had major troubles with their security
to other foreign nations. England was the main competitors of the Dutch for trade during this time
period, and these seizing of ships made perfect sense if the English wanted to come out on top. For
example, these conflicts are shown on a map of the naval battles between the English and Dutch,
during the years 1652–1674, (Doc. 1). On the map the most battles occurred between the Dutch
trade route that went through waters close to England, which ended up being one of the biggest
challenges to the Dutch republic militarily. Marquis de Pamponne, French ambassador to the Dutch
Republic, reported to the French government that the wars between the English and Dutch were
primarily over trade and obtaining trade routes, (Doc. 11). This document was written by a foreign
opinion to the French government because the French were obviously curious about these conflicts
that were occurring. More importantly, this document showed trade routes were a major cause of
challenges on the military on the Dutch, which caused an increase

Essay On The Restoration Of The New Netherlands
Since the many splits and merges of various religions, it seems that the Jewish people have never
seemed to be accepted in any other religious domain. In this Petition, the Jewish people have been
kicked out of yet another country, Brazil, which was previously under the power of the typically
religious tolerant Dutch. This petition is a way for the Jewish people to contact the Dutch West India
Company to address the fact that they are making it more difficult for the Jewish people to travel
and live in another country.
During this period multiple things were happening with the British colonies and with Great Britain
itself. Some of these things include the first set of slave codes, the colonization of the Carolinas,
Georgia, and East and West Jersey, but the two that I will be focusing on are the restoration of the
Monarchy and the conquering of the New Netherlands by Great Britain. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Before this England didn't have a monarchy but instead has a man named Oliver Cromwell
controlling all of England. In the 1660s, which most call the Restoration period, the monarchy was
brought back to the throne by King Charles II. King Charles II changed the way that Great Britain
thought about their colonies. He believed that the future of Great Britain rested in the colonies
hands, so he changed how the way Great Britain dealt with the colonies. First, he granted allies
control of areas of the colonies so that they could settle the area faster and be able to focus
completely on said colony; this was different from the way the colonies were controlled before
because they were Royal colonies, the King had complete control, but now they are called
Proprietary colonies. This establishment of Proprietary colonies leads to the next topic of how Great
Britain conquered the New

Summary Of The Poem ' This Earth Of Mankind '
This Earth of Mankind is a novel that takes place between 1898 and 1910 and conveys the story of a
Javanese boy by the name of Minke and his life growing up in the Netherlands East indies. Minke is
a brilliant student who is a descendant of Javanese royalty and have a very good critical eye when it
comes to the dangers of the world. He is the first Javanese boy to attend an elite Dutch Colonial
High School. Minke's life is going to change once he is invited to live with an atypical family. The
mother of this family is a native concubine by the name of Nyai Ontosoroh, she has two half–
European children, Robert and Annelies who Minke ends up falling in love with, but Robert does
not approve causing anger to grow towards Minke. With the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Through the story of minke we see the suffering that is caused by colonialism and human dignity
and the freedom. This novel a great illustration of the twentieth century and the understanding of
humanity and all the complexities. Through the novel Minke implements views into the period in
which Dutch colonial is above the Java world. This earth of mankind illustrates a great time of
modern world history by displaying the Dutch colonial time and their goal to improve the natives
and their population by exposing then to the social tutelage and the western education. During this
time there was also a higher change in technology along with the arise of political issues in
Netherlands East indies as the indigenous people look for a path that will help increase their
freedom and Autonomy in their everyday life. European and American colonial powers in the 19
century both began to see each other on a higher scale than others in terms of their population of
natives and their colonies. They saw each other as a guide that will help them improve and benefit
from the each other's goods like western education and cultural emulation to improve the European
culture and intellectual along with the quality of the political system. However, the guidelines for
Netherlands became a spread of dominant outlook that the Europeans were racist and thought that
that their culture was better than

The Dutch Primacy In The Seventeenth Century

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