cbse arabic grade 10 chapter notes

1. India ‫د‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫اله‬

2. ِ‫اف‬‫ا‬‫ر‬ْ‫ط‬ ْ
‫اْل‬ ُ‫ة‬‫ا‬‫ع‬ِ‫س‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬ ٌ‫د‬ ‫ا‬
‫َل‬ِ‫ب‬ ُ‫د‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬‫ال‬
ِ‫ة‬‫ا‬‫ار‬‫ا‬‫ق‬ ُ‫ه‬ْ‫ب‬ِ‫ش‬ ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ه‬ْ‫ي‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ع‬ ُ‫ق‬‫ا‬‫ل‬ْ‫ط‬ُ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬
ِ‫د‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬ْ‫ال‬
.
India is a vast country and it is called Indian sub-continent.
‫يا‬ِ‫س‬‫آ‬ ‫لقارة‬ ‫ّة‬‫ي‬‫ق‬ ْ‫ر‬ّ‫ش‬‫ال‬ ‫ّة‬‫ي‬‫الجنوب‬ ‫احية‬ّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫فى‬ ُ‫د‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ع‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫ا‬‫ت‬
.
India is located in the South eastern part of the Asian continent.

3. ‫ا‬‫و‬
َّ‫إن‬
ٍ‫ة‬‫ا‬‫ير‬ ِ
‫ز‬‫ا‬‫ج‬‫ا‬‫ك‬ ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ه‬‫ا‬‫ل‬ْ‫ك‬‫ا‬‫ش‬
‫ا‬‫ث‬ ‫ا‬
‫َل‬َّ‫ث‬‫ال‬ ِ‫اف‬‫ا‬‫ر‬ْ‫اْلط‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ ٌ‫ة‬‫ا‬‫ط‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ح‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ ِ
‫ْل‬
ٍ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ي‬ِ‫م‬ِ‫ب‬ ِ‫ة‬
ّ‫ي‬ِ‫ب‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫ال‬ ِ
‫ر‬ْ‫ح‬‫ا‬‫ب‬ْ‫ال‬
‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ ْ‫ار‬‫غ‬
ْ‫ح‬‫ا‬‫ب‬‫وال‬
ِ
‫ر‬
ّ‫ي‬ِ‫د‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬ْ‫ال‬
‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬ً‫ب‬‫و‬ُ‫ن‬‫ا‬‫ج‬
‫اال‬‫غ‬ْ‫ن‬‫ا‬‫ب‬ْ‫ال‬ ِ‫يج‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫خ‬
ِ‫ق‬ ْ‫ر‬َّ‫ش‬‫ال‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬
.
It is like an island because it is surrounded on three sides by water
The Arabian sea to the west, Indian ocean on the south and the Bay
of Bangal to the east.

4. ِ‫ب‬ِ‫ن‬‫ا‬َ‫ج‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬َ‫و‬
ِ‫د‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫له‬ِ‫ل‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬َ‫م‬َّ‫ش‬‫ال‬
ٌ‫ة‬َ‫ل‬ِ‫س‬ْ‫ل‬ِ‫س‬ ُ‫ع‬َ‫ق‬َ‫ت‬
ٌ‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬‫ل‬َ‫ب‬َ‫ج‬
ْ‫ي‬‫َل‬‫ع‬ ُ‫ق‬َ‫ل‬ْ‫ط‬ُ‫ي‬
‫اليا‬َ‫م‬‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬ ‫ها‬
،
ِ‫وج‬ُ‫ل‬ُّ‫ث‬‫بال‬ ً‫ة‬‫ا‬ّ‫ط‬َ‫غ‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ُها‬‫د‬ ِ‫ج‬َ‫ت‬
‫ال‬َ‫و‬ِ‫ط‬
‫العام‬
.
On the north side of India lies a mountain range called the Himalayas. It is
covered with snow throughout the year.

5. ‫تت‬ ِ‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ ِ
‫ار‬‫ا‬‫د‬ِ ْ
‫اْل‬ ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ئ‬ُّ‫ش‬‫لل‬ ِ‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ي‬ ‫ا‬
‫َل‬ِ‫و‬‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ ٍ‫د‬‫ا‬‫د‬‫ا‬‫ع‬ ‫في‬ ٌ‫ة‬‫ا‬‫م‬ِ‫س‬‫ا‬‫ق‬ْ‫ن‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ا‬‫د‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬ْ‫ال‬ َّ‫إن‬
ُ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬ِ‫ب‬ ُ‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ ِ
‫ز‬‫ا‬‫ك‬ ْ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫م‬ْ‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫و‬ُ‫ك‬ُ‫ح‬‫ال‬ ‫ها‬ُ‫س‬ّ‫رأ‬
‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬ْ‫ه‬ِ‫د‬ ‫و‬
-
ِ
‫اص‬‫ا‬‫ع‬
ِ‫ة‬‫ا‬‫م‬
‫د‬ْ‫ن‬‫اله‬
.
India is divided into a number of states for administrative purposes, headed by
the central government in New Delhi-the capital of India.

6. ُ‫ي‬
ُُ ‫ي‬ِّ‫س‬‫وال‬ ‫ون‬ُ‫م‬‫ل‬ْ‫س‬ُ‫م‬ْ‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬ ُُ‫ُو‬‫د‬ْ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬ْ‫ال‬ ِ‫د‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬ْ‫ال‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬ ُ‫د‬‫ا‬‫ج‬‫و‬
ُ‫ب‬‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬
‫ا‬‫ُّون‬‫ي‬ِِ‫و‬
ِ‫يح‬ِ‫س‬‫ا‬‫م‬ْ‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬‫ُّون‬‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬ْ‫ي‬‫ا‬‫ج‬‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬
‫ا‬‫ُّون‬‫ي‬
.
India has Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains and Christians.

7. ِ‫ان‬َ‫ي‬ْ‫د‬َ ْ
‫اْل‬ ِ
‫ار‬َ‫ر‬ِ‫غ‬ ‫ى‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ ٌ‫ة‬َ‫ير‬ِ‫ث‬َ‫ك‬ ٌ‫ات‬َ‫غ‬ُ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬َ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬ ُ‫د‬َ‫ج‬‫و‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫و‬
.
There are many languages here like the religions.
ِ‫د‬ َ
‫َل‬ِ‫ب‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ِ‫ف‬ ‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬‫ب‬َ‫ل‬ْ‫غ‬َ ْ
‫اْل‬ ُ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ َ
‫ُوس‬‫د‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫اله‬ َّ‫إن‬
.
The Hindus are the majority in the country.
‫و‬

8. ‫ا‬‫و‬
ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫م‬
‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬ُْ‫م‬َّ‫ش‬‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬‫ار‬‫ا‬‫ج‬ْ‫ش‬‫اْل‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬‫اام‬‫ن‬ْ‫ص‬‫ا‬ ْ
‫اْل‬ ‫ا‬‫ُون‬‫د‬ُ‫ب‬ْ‫ع‬‫ا‬‫ي‬
‫ا‬‫ك‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬ِ ‫ا‬‫ْر‬‫ي‬‫ا‬‫غ‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫ا‬‫وم‬ُ‫ج‬ُّ‫ن‬‫وال‬ ‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫ق‬ْ‫ال‬
They worship idols, trees, the sun, the moon and stars etc.

9. ‫ى‬ ‫ا‬‫ْر‬‫ب‬ُ‫ك‬‫ال‬ ‫َّة‬‫ي‬ِّ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ق‬‫اْل‬ ‫ون‬ُ‫م‬‫ل‬ْ‫س‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬ّ‫ك‬‫ا‬‫ش‬ُ‫ي‬
.
‫ا‬‫ُون‬‫د‬ ِّ‫ح‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬ُ‫م‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬
.
‫ا‬‫ي‬ ‫ا‬‫لمين‬ْ‫س‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ َّ‫إن‬
‫ا‬‫د‬‫ا‬‫ح‬‫ا‬ ْ
‫اْل‬ ‫ا‬‫هللا‬ ‫ا‬‫ُون‬‫د‬ُ‫ب‬ْ‫ع‬
.
ً‫ئ‬‫اي‬‫ش‬ ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ا‬‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ ِ
‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬ُ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬
‫َل‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬
‫ا‬
ْ‫أو‬
‫ًّا‬‫ي‬ِ‫ب‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ ْ‫أو‬ ‫ا‬ً‫ر‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫ق‬ ْ‫أو‬ ‫ا‬ً‫س‬ْ‫ام‬‫ش‬ ْ‫أو‬ ‫ا‬ً‫ص‬ْ‫اخ‬‫ش‬
.
Muslims form a large minority. They are monotheists. Muslims worship Allah
the one and only. They do not associate anything with him, Any person or the
sun or the moon or any prophet.

10. ‫ا‬‫و‬
ُ‫ع‬‫ا‬‫ب‬ْ‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ت‬
‫يموقراط‬ِ‫د‬ ‫ا‬‫أكبر‬ ‫عتبر‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ًّا‬‫ي‬‫ديموقراط‬ ‫ا‬ً‫م‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ظ‬ِ‫ن‬ ِ‫د‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬ْ‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫ا‬‫ل‬ ْ‫و‬‫ا‬‫د‬
ِ‫العالم‬ ‫فى‬ ٍ‫ة‬ّ‫ي‬
.
India follows the democratic system and it is considered the largest democracy in
the world.

11. ّ‫ي‬‫المركز‬ ‫الحكومة‬ ‫لتشكيل‬ ‫اْلنتخابات‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫ا‬‫ّين‬‫ي‬‫برلمان‬ ‫لين‬ّ‫ث‬‫مم‬ ‫ينتخبون‬ ‫الهنود‬ ‫المواطنين‬ ّ‫إن‬
‫كِلك‬ ‫و‬ ‫ة‬
‫الوَليات‬ ‫فى‬ ِ‫ة‬ّ‫ي‬ّ‫المحل‬ ‫للحكومات‬ ‫اْلنتخابات‬ ‫تجرى‬
.
The citizens of India elect parliamentarians through elections to form a central
government and also hold elections for local governments in the states.

12. ‫ولنا‬ ،‫المختلفة‬ ‫يانات‬ّ‫د‬‫ال‬ ‫نحترم‬ ‫كِلك‬ ‫و‬ ُ‫ا‬ّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫نحترم‬ ‫هنود‬ ‫نا‬ّ‫كل‬ ‫نحن‬
ِ‫ْل‬ ِ
‫ار‬‫ا‬‫ي‬ِ‫ت‬ْ‫خ‬ْ‫ْل‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ ِّ‫ر‬ُ‫ح‬
‫انات‬‫ا‬‫ي‬ِّ‫د‬‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ ٍ‫ة‬‫ا‬‫ن‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ي‬ِ‫د‬ ‫ّة‬‫ي‬
‫المختلفة‬
.
We are all Indians. We respect people like wise we respect the different religions
and we have the freedom to choose any religion.

13. ‫لألصنام‬ ‫الهياكل‬ ‫ّدون‬‫ي‬‫ش‬ُ‫ي‬ ُ‫الهندو‬
.
‫المساجد‬ ‫يبنون‬ ‫لمون‬ْ‫س‬‫والم‬
.
ُ‫الكنائ‬ ‫نشئون‬ُ‫ي‬ ‫ّون‬‫ي‬‫والمسيح‬
.
ُ ‫ي‬ّ‫س‬‫وال‬
‫ُوارا‬‫د‬‫ور‬ُ‫غ‬ ‫باسم‬ ‫معابدهم‬ ‫قيمون‬ُ‫ي‬
.
Hindus build temples for their Idols, Muslims are building Mosques, christens
are making churches and Sikhs build places of worship called gurdwaras.

14. ِ
ُ‫قو‬ُ‫ط‬ ‫ا‬‫ب‬ْ‫س‬‫ا‬‫ح‬ ‫ا‬‫د‬‫و‬ُ‫ب‬‫ع‬‫ا‬‫م‬ْ‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫ُون‬‫د‬ُ‫ب‬ْ‫ع‬‫ا‬‫ي‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ُّ‫ل‬ُ‫ك‬‫و‬
‫و‬
‫راسيم‬‫ا‬‫م‬
ّ‫ي‬‫أ‬ ‫بغير‬ ‫دياناتهم‬
‫خطر‬ ‫وَل‬ ‫خوف‬
.
All of them worship the creator as per the rituals of their religion
without any fear.

15. ّ‫إن‬
ٍ‫ة‬ّ‫ي‬‫ئيس‬ ‫ا‬‫ر‬ ٍ‫ة‬‫ا‬‫ف‬ ِ
‫ص‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ا‬‫د‬‫الهن‬
‫وكِل‬ ‫كثيرة‬ ‫صناعات‬ ‫ا‬ً‫ض‬ْ‫ي‬‫أ‬ ‫فيها‬ ‫توجد‬ ‫ه‬ّ‫ن‬‫ولك‬ ‫ّة‬‫ي‬‫زراع‬ ٌ‫دولة‬
‫من‬ ٌ‫د‬‫عد‬ ُ‫مار‬ُ‫ي‬ ‫ك‬
‫ا‬‫ة‬َّ‫ر‬ُ‫ح‬‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬‫ا‬‫ه‬ِ‫الم‬ ‫الهنود‬
.
India is mainly an agricultural country. But there are many industries also and a
number of Indians are practicing their professions liberally.

16. ّ‫إن‬
ُ‫ه‬‫ال‬
ُ‫ن‬
‫ا‬‫د‬‫و‬
ُ‫ي‬
ِ‫ح‬
ُّ‫ب‬
‫ا‬‫ون‬
ْ‫اْلم‬
‫ا‬‫ن‬
‫ا‬‫و‬
َّ‫س‬‫ال‬
‫ا‬‫َل‬
‫ا‬‫م‬
‫ا‬‫و‬
‫ا‬‫ك‬
‫ا‬ِ
ِ‫ل‬
‫ا‬‫ك‬
ُّ‫د‬ ‫ا‬‫او‬‫ن‬
‫أن‬
‫ا‬‫ّكون‬‫ي‬
ِ‫ج‬
‫ّين‬‫ب‬ ِ‫ح‬ُ‫م‬ ‫نا‬ُ‫ن‬‫يرا‬
‫َلم‬ّ‫س‬‫ال‬ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ْ‫ألم‬ِ‫ل‬
.
The Indians love peace and security. We would like our neighbors to be
lovers of peace and security also.